CN112502638A - Constant-torque and constant-weight-on-bit drilling device - Google Patents
Constant-torque and constant-weight-on-bit drilling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112502638A CN112502638A CN202011491140.5A CN202011491140A CN112502638A CN 112502638 A CN112502638 A CN 112502638A CN 202011491140 A CN202011491140 A CN 202011491140A CN 112502638 A CN112502638 A CN 112502638A
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- spiral
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- outer cylinder
- mandrel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
- E21B17/0426—Threaded with a threaded cylindrical portion, e.g. for percussion rods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种扭矩和钻压恒定钻井装置。包括螺旋芯轴（1）；螺旋芯轴（1）设有螺旋外筒（2），螺旋外筒（2）内圆经螺旋传动副与螺旋芯轴（1）传动连接，螺旋芯轴（1）下端与上耐磨接头（3）螺纹连接；上耐磨接头（3）底面与下耐磨接头（4）顶面滑动连接；螺旋外筒（2）下端与外筒（5）螺纹连接，外筒（5）下端与下接头（6）螺纹连接；外筒（5）下段与下耐磨接头（4）下段之间设有储能元件（7）。本发明将轴向和周向的运动转化为单一的轴向位移作用在储能元件上，并通过储能元件储存和释放能量减缓振动。保证钻头近乎匀速旋转，提高钻头机械钻速。能有效抵消钻压和扭矩对钻柱体系的影响和提高钻井效率。The invention discloses a drilling device with constant torque and drilling pressure. It includes a spiral mandrel (1); the spiral mandrel (1) is provided with a spiral outer cylinder (2), and the inner circle of the spiral outer cylinder (2) is connected with the helical mandrel (1) through a screw transmission pair, and the helical mandrel (1) ) The lower end is threadedly connected with the upper wear-resistant joint (3); the bottom surface of the upper wear-resistant joint (3) is slidingly connected with the top surface of the lower wear-resistant joint (4); the lower end of the spiral outer cylinder (2) is threadedly connected with the outer cylinder (5), The lower end of the outer cylinder (5) is threadedly connected with the lower joint (6); an energy storage element (7) is arranged between the lower section of the outer cylinder (5) and the lower section of the lower wear-resistant joint (4). The invention converts the axial and circumferential motion into a single axial displacement and acts on the energy storage element, and the energy is stored and released by the energy storage element to slow down the vibration. Ensure that the drill bit rotates at a nearly uniform speed and increase the ROP of the drill bit. It can effectively offset the influence of WOB and torque on the drill string system and improve drilling efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling device with constant torque and bit pressure, and belongs to the technical field of drilling tools.
Background
With the continuous development and utilization of energy sources and the development of oil and gas extraction technologies, the well depth of a well is increased year by year. In the operation of deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the uncertainty of geological environment is more prominent, and the well body structure is more and more complex due to the fact that the hardness of strata is staggered, the hardness of rocks is increased, the stress of different strata is unevenly distributed, and the like. During the drilling operation of the drill bit under the complex conditions, when the drill bit breaks hard rocks and the drill string and the well wall contact with each other, the drill string system generates vibration in circumferential, transverse and axial forms, wherein the damage of the torsional vibration in the circumferential form and the linear vibration in the axial form is the most serious. The phenomena of circumferential torsional vibration and axial vibration can greatly accelerate the failure of a drill column and a drill bit, and cause the failure of ground equipment, so that underground accidents are caused, the drilling speed of the drill bit is seriously influenced, and the drilling cost is increased. Therefore, there is a need for further improvements in drilling tools to meet the requirements of deep and ultra-deep well operations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drilling device with constant torque and bit pressure, which can effectively slow down the circumferential and axial vibration phenomena of a drill bit, effectively solve the problem of insufficient power when the drill bit encounters hard rocks, effectively offset the influence of the bit pressure and the torque on a drill column system and improve the drilling efficiency, and further overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the constant-torque and constant-drilling-pressure drilling device comprises a spiral mandrel, wherein a spiral outer cylinder is arranged on the spiral mandrel, the inner circle of the spiral outer cylinder is in transmission connection with the spiral mandrel through a spiral transmission pair, and the lower end of the spiral mandrel is in threaded connection with an upper wear-resistant joint; the bottom surface of the upper wear-resistant joint is connected with the top surface of the lower wear-resistant joint in a sliding manner; the lower end of the spiral outer cylinder is in threaded connection with the outer cylinder, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is in threaded connection with the lower connector; an energy storage element is arranged between the lower section of the outer barrel and the lower section of the lower wear-resistant joint.
In the constant-torque and constant-drilling-pressure drilling device, the upper end of the spiral mandrel is provided with a tapered inner pipe thread connected with a drill rod, the lower end of the spiral mandrel is provided with an external thread connected with the upper wear-resistant joint, and the middle section of the spiral mandrel is provided with an external spiral rib.
In the constant torque and drilling pressure drilling device, a sealing groove is formed in the inner wall of a top opening of the spiral outer cylinder, and a rotary sealing element is arranged in the sealing groove; the lower section of the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder is provided with an inner spiral groove corresponding to the outer spiral rib; the inner spiral groove is in transmission connection with an outer spiral rib at the middle section of the spiral mandrel; the outer circle of the lower end of the spiral outer barrel is provided with a conical outer pipe thread connected with the outer barrel.
In the drilling device with constant torque and drilling pressure, the outer spiral ribs and the inner spiral grooves are in a multi-line large-lead spiral structure.
In the constant torque and drilling pressure drilling device, a sealing groove is formed in the outer circle of the upper wear-resistant joint, and a rotary sealing element is arranged in the sealing groove; the inner wall of the upper opening of the upper wear-resistant joint is provided with inner pipe threads connected with the spiral core shaft, and the lower end face of the upper wear-resistant joint is a wear-resistant plane.
In the drilling device with constant torque and drilling pressure, the lower wear-resistant joint is a stepped shaft, the end face of a large head at the upper section is a wear-resistant plane, the lower section is a small-outer-diameter shaft, an energy storage element is sleeved on the section of the small-outer-diameter shaft, and the energy storage element is arranged between the shoulder face of the lower wear-resistant joint and the upper end face of the lower joint.
In the constant torque and weight on bit drilling device, the energy storage element is a compression spring or an elastic rubber element or a disc spring.
In the drilling device with constant torque and drilling pressure, the upper opening and the lower opening of the outer cylinder are provided with tapered inner pipe threads; the thread of the conical inner pipe at the upper opening of the outer cylinder is in threaded connection with the thread of the conical outer pipe at the lower end of the spiral outer cylinder; the thread of the conical inner pipe at the lower opening of the outer cylinder is connected with the thread of the conical outer pipe at the upper end of the lower joint.
In the drilling device with constant torque and drilling pressure, the upper end and the lower end of the lower joint are provided with tapered outer pipe threads; the thread of the conical outer pipe at the upper end of the lower joint is connected with the thread of the conical inner pipe at the lower opening of the outer cylinder; the conical outer pipe thread at the lower end of the lower joint is connected with a drill bit.
In the drilling device with constant torque and drilling pressure, the centers of the spiral mandrel, the upper wear-resistant joint, the lower wear-resistant joint and the lower joint are provided with water holes.
Compared with the prior art, the spiral transmission mechanism has the advantages that the spiral displacement is generated between the spiral mandrel and the spiral outer cylinder under the rotation action of the spiral transmission pair, the axial and circumferential motions are converted into single axial displacement through the sliding wear-resistant surface between the upper wear-resistant joint and the lower wear-resistant joint to act on the energy storage element, and the vibration is reduced through the energy storage and release of the energy storage element. The vibration phenomenon of the circumferential and axial forms of the drill bit is effectively relieved. The vibration phenomenon of the circumferential and axial forms of the drill bit can be effectively relieved. Meanwhile, the energy storage element stores energy when the vibration amplitude is large, and releases the stored energy when the torque and the bit pressure are insufficient, so that the purpose of automatically adjusting the torque and the bit pressure according to the torque and the bit pressure of the drill bit is achieved, and the effects of constant torque and bit pressure are achieved. The drill bit is ensured to rotate at a nearly constant speed, and the mechanical drilling speed of the drill bit is improved. The problem of power shortage when the drill bit encounters hard rock is effectively solved, the influence of the bit pressure and the torque on a drill column system can be effectively offset, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the helical mandrel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spiral outer cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper wear joint of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the lower wear joint of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the outer tub of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower joint of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1-spiral mandrel, 2-spiral outer cylinder, 3-upper wear-resistant joint, 4-lower wear-resistant joint, 5-outer cylinder, 6-lower joint, 7-energy storage element, 8-tapered inner pipe thread, 9-external thread, 10-external spiral rib, 11-sealing groove, 12-rotary sealing element, 13-internal spiral groove, 14-tapered outer pipe thread, 15-internal thread, 16-small outer diameter shaft and 17-water hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a drilling device with constant torque and drilling pressure, which comprises a spiral mandrel 1, wherein a spiral outer cylinder 2 is arranged on the spiral mandrel 1, the inner circle of the spiral outer cylinder 2 is in transmission connection with the spiral mandrel 1 through a spiral transmission pair, and the lower end of the spiral mandrel 1 is in threaded connection with an upper wear-resistant joint 3; the bottom surface of the upper wear-resistant joint 3 is connected with the top surface of the lower wear-resistant joint 4 in a sliding manner; the lower end of the spiral outer cylinder 2 is in threaded connection with an outer cylinder 5, and the lower end of the outer cylinder 5 is in threaded connection with a lower connector 6; an energy storage element 7 is arranged between the lower section of the outer cylinder 5 and the lower section of the lower wear-resistant joint 4. The centers of the spiral mandrel 1, the upper wear-resistant joint 3, the lower wear-resistant joint 4 and the lower joint 6 are all provided with water holes 17.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper end of the spiral mandrel 1 is provided with a tapered inner pipe thread 8 connected with the drill rod, the lower end of the spiral mandrel 1 is provided with an outer thread 9 connected with the upper wear-resistant joint 3, and the middle section of the spiral mandrel 1 is provided with an outer spiral rib 10.
As shown in fig. 3, a sealing groove 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the top opening of the spiral outer cylinder 2, and a rotary sealing element 12 is arranged in the sealing groove 11; the lower section of the inner wall of the spiral outer cylinder 2 is provided with an inner spiral groove 13 corresponding to the outer spiral rib 10; the inner spiral groove 13 is in transmission connection with an outer spiral rib 10 at the middle section of the spiral mandrel 1; the outer circle of the lower end of the spiral outer cylinder 2 is provided with a conical outer pipe thread 14 connected with the outer cylinder 5. The outer spiral rib 10 and the inner spiral groove 13 are of a multi-thread large-lead spiral structure.
As shown in fig. 4, a sealing groove 11 is arranged on the outer circle of the upper wear-resistant joint 3, and a rotary sealing element 12 is arranged in the sealing groove 11; the inner wall of the upper opening of the upper wear-resistant joint 3 is provided with an inner pipe thread 15 connected with the spiral mandrel 1, and the lower end face of the upper wear-resistant joint 3 is a wear-resistant plane.
As shown in fig. 5, the lower wear-resistant joint 4 is a stepped shaft, the end surface of the large head of the upper section is a wear-resistant plane, the lower section is a small outer diameter shaft 16, the energy storage element 7 is sleeved on the small outer diameter shaft 16, and the energy storage element 7 is arranged between the shoulder surface of the lower wear-resistant joint 4 and the upper end surface of the lower joint 6. The energy storage element 7 is a compression spring or an elastic rubber element or a disc spring.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper and lower openings of the outer cylinder 5 are provided with tapered inner pipe threads 8; the conical inner pipe thread 8 at the upper opening of the outer cylinder 5 is connected with the conical outer pipe thread 14 at the lower end of the spiral outer cylinder 2; the conical inner pipe thread 8 at the lower opening of the outer cylinder 5 is connected with the conical outer pipe thread 14 at the upper end of the lower joint 6.
As shown in fig. 7, the upper and lower ends of the lower joint 6 are provided with tapered outer pipe threads 14; the conical outer pipe thread 14 at the upper end of the lower joint 6 is connected with the conical inner pipe thread 8 at the lower opening of the outer cylinder 5; the conical outer pipe thread 14 at the lower end of the lower joint 6 is connected with a drill bit.
Examples
The drill string torque transfer process in this example is: the tapered inner pipe thread of the screw spindle → the screw transmission pair → the screw outer cylinder → the lower joint → the tapered outer pipe thread of the lower joint.
The helical mandrel 1 ensures the connection of the tool to the upper part of the drill string system by means of the tapered internal pipe thread 8 at the upper end. The screw transmission pair is a kinematic pair between the screw mandrel 1 and the screw outer cylinder 2, and adopts a multi-thread large-lead screw mechanism, which has two specific functions: first, axial displacement: the multi-thread large-lead screw mechanism effectively avoids a screw self-locking angle and ensures the axial displacement between the screw mandrel 1 and the screw outer cylinder 2. Secondly, torsional motion: the multi-line large-lead screw mechanism ensures circumferential motion and torque transmission.
The spiral outer cylinder 2 is connected with the spiral mandrel 1 in a sliding mode through a spiral transmission pair to transmit torque, and the lower portion of the spiral outer cylinder 2 is in threaded connection with the outer cylinder 5. A rotary sealing structure is arranged between the inner hole of the spiral outer barrel 2 and the upper wear-resistant joint 3, so that effective sealing in the rotary moving process is ensured.
The upper wear-resistant joint 3 is in threaded connection with the spiral mandrel 1, and axial lifting force transmission of the tool is guaranteed. The rotational movement of the tool is converted into an axial displacement by means of a sliding wear surface with the lower wear joint 4. Two sealing grooves are arranged outside the upper wear-resistant joint 3 to install rotary sealing elements, so that bidirectional effective sealing between the rotary joint and the outer cylinder 5 is ensured in the rotary moving process.
The sliding wear-resistant surface between the upper wear-resistant joint 3 and the lower wear-resistant joint 4 is strengthened through heat treatment, and the service life of rotary movement is ensured.
The energy storage element 7 is a large-rigidity elastic element and can effectively store and release energy.
The screw drive pair is matched with the lower energy storage element, and has four specific functions: one is to dampen the circumferential form of vibration: during the transmission of the torque of the screw transmission pair, the screw mandrel 1 and the screw outer cylinder 2 generate axial displacement during relative rotation, the axial and axial movement is converted into single axial displacement to act on the energy storage element 7 through the sliding wear-resistant surface, and the vibration is reduced through the energy stored and released by the energy storage element 7. Secondly, compensating the insufficient torque: in the process, the energy storage element 7 stores energy when the vibration amplitude is large, and releases the stored energy when the torque is insufficient, so that the effect of compensating the torque insufficiency is achieved, and the effect of keeping constant torque is achieved. Thirdly, the vibration in the axial form is relieved: during the drilling operation of the drill bit, the change of the bit pressure acts on the energy storage element 7 through the spiral mandrel 1 → the upper wear joint 3 → the lower wear joint 4, and the vibration is reduced through the energy storage and release of the energy storage element 7. Fourthly, compensating insufficient bit pressure: in the process, the energy storage element 7 stores energy when the vibration amplitude is large, and releases the stored energy when the bit pressure is insufficient, so that the effect of compensating the bit pressure insufficiency is achieved, and the effect of keeping the bit pressure constant is achieved.
The lower wear joint 4 fixes the energy storage element 7 between the lower joints 6, and converts the rotary movement of the tool into axial displacement by sliding the wear surface with the upper wear joint 3.
The outer cylinder 5 is in threaded connection with the spiral outer cylinder 2 and the lower connector 6 to form a sealed cavity.
The lower sub 6 secures the tool to the lower portion of the drill string system by means of the tapered external pipe thread 14 at the lower end of the lower sub.
In the drilling operation process of the drill bit, the circumferential and axial vibration of a drill column system enables the spiral mandrel and the spiral outer cylinder to generate spiral circumferential motion and axial displacement through the rotation action of the spiral transmission pair, the sliding wear-resistant surface converts the axial and circumferential motion into single axial displacement to act on the energy storage element, and the vibration is reduced through the storage and release of energy of the energy storage element. The vibration phenomenon of the circumferential and axial forms of the drill bit is effectively relieved.
In the process, the energy storage element stores energy when the vibration amplitude is large, and releases the stored energy when the torque and the bit pressure are insufficient, so that the aim of automatically adjusting the torque and the bit pressure according to the torque and the bit pressure of the drill bit is fulfilled, and the effects of constant torque and bit pressure are achieved. The drill bit is ensured to rotate at a nearly constant speed, and the mechanical drilling speed is improved. The problem of insufficient power when the drill bit encounters hard rock is effectively solved, and the influence of the applicable drilling conditions and other conditions is expanded.
The drilling tool with constant torque and bit pressure can effectively counteract the influence of the bit pressure and the torque on a drill string system and improve the mechanical drilling speed.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011491140.5A CN112502638A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Constant-torque and constant-weight-on-bit drilling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011491140.5A CN112502638A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Constant-torque and constant-weight-on-bit drilling device |
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| CN112502638A true CN112502638A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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| CN202011491140.5A Pending CN112502638A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Constant-torque and constant-weight-on-bit drilling device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114517646A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-20 | 上海达坦能源科技股份有限公司 | Pressure-stabilizing constant-torsion multidimensional vibration-damping tool for well drilling |
| CN115807627A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional vibration isolation tool for well drilling |
| CN116658088A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-08-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | A mechanical double-acting shock-absorbing tool |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115807627A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional vibration isolation tool for well drilling |
| CN114517646A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-20 | 上海达坦能源科技股份有限公司 | Pressure-stabilizing constant-torsion multidimensional vibration-damping tool for well drilling |
| CN116658088A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-08-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | A mechanical double-acting shock-absorbing tool |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |