CN117728075A - Self-heating method and heating device for lithium ion battery in low-temperature environment - Google Patents
Self-heating method and heating device for lithium ion battery in low-temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN117728075A CN117728075A CN202311751518.4A CN202311751518A CN117728075A CN 117728075 A CN117728075 A CN 117728075A CN 202311751518 A CN202311751518 A CN 202311751518A CN 117728075 A CN117728075 A CN 117728075A
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 354
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 354
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 290
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-heating method and a heating device of a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring internal temperature data of a lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery; performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery to obtain a self-checked lithium ion battery; setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, and constructing a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery; and heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery according to a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery to obtain the heated lithium ion battery. The invention can reduce heating energy consumption and improve available energy of the battery by comparing the ambient temperature with the battery exterior temperature and maximizing the difference between the battery exterior temperature and the battery interior temperature. The self-heating method and the self-heating device for the lithium ion battery in the low-temperature environment can be widely applied to the technical field of lithium ion batteries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a self-heating method and a self-heating device for a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of good power performance, long service life, pollution reduction and the like, and is now becoming a main power source of the electric automobile. The charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery gradually decreases along with the decrease of the temperature, and the discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery can decrease to two thirds of the nominal capacity at the ambient temperature of minus 9 ℃; at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, the battery can only discharge with small-rate current and cannot realize large-rate discharge; even at lower temperature, the lithium battery completely loses the discharge capacity, the endurance and mileage of the whole vehicle are seriously affected, and more serious, the phenomenon of 'lithium precipitation' possibly caused by charging and discharging at low temperature causes internal short circuit of the battery, and thermal runaway of the battery is caused when serious, so that safety accidents are caused, and therefore, the reliable heating technology is required to be provided to raise the temperature of the lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment, so that the electric performance of the lithium ion battery is of great significance.
In terms of low temperature heating technology, two types of methods can be distinguished: internal heating and external heating. The internal heating is realized by mainly adding currents with different frequencies or amplitudes into the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery by using the internal impedance of the battery. The risk that the battery is aged possibly can be accelerated in the internal heating process with electric current heating, exists the security risk to need to have higher demands on control circuit precision. External heating refers to increasing the temperature of the battery by adding a preheating device outside the lithium battery, thereby increasing the transfer rate of the active material. Compared with internal heating, external heating has the characteristics of strong reliability, strong safety, low cost and the like, and becomes a main heating mode of the current vehicle. Most researchers are concerned about the rate of temperature rise of the battery at present, but neglect the uniformity of the internal and external temperatures of the battery when the battery is heated, and the problems of heating energy consumption and available energy of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a self-heating method and a self-heating device for a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment, which can reasonably utilize the self-discharge energy of the battery, compare the difference between the ambient temperature and the external temperature of the battery and the difference between the external temperature and the internal temperature of the battery, reduce the influence caused by overlarge temperature difference between the internal temperature and the external temperature of the battery, automatically switch the heating strategy according to the current battery temperature in real time, maximally reduce the heating energy consumption and improve the available energy of the battery.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a self-heating method of a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment comprises the following steps:
acquiring internal temperature data of a lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery to obtain a self-checked lithium ion battery;
setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, and constructing a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery;
and combining the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery, and performing heating treatment on the self-inspected lithium ion battery according to a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery to obtain the heated lithium ion battery.
Further, the step of acquiring internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery specifically includes:
acquiring internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery through a thermocouple in the battery;
and acquiring external temperature data of the lithium ion battery through a battery external thermocouple.
Further, the step of performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery to obtain the self-checked lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
setting an ambient temperature threshold of the lithium ion battery;
judging according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
if the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery are lower than the environmental temperature threshold value of the lithium ion battery, judging that the lithium ion battery is in a low-temperature environment;
and performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery in the low-temperature environment to obtain the self-checked lithium ion battery.
Further, the step of performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery in the low-temperature environment to obtain the self-checked lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
performing SOC detection on the lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment to obtain an SOC value of the lithium ion battery;
comparing the SOC value of the lithium ion battery with a preset minimum heating SOC threshold;
if the SOC value of the lithium ion battery is smaller than a preset minimum heating SOC threshold, stopping self-heating the lithium ion battery;
and if the SOC value of the lithium ion battery is larger than a preset minimum heating SOC threshold value, acquiring the self-inspected lithium ion battery.
Further, the step of setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery to construct a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery;
determining the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
setting a first temperature difference threshold, a second temperature difference threshold, a third temperature difference threshold, a first heating power and a second heating power, wherein the first temperature difference threshold is smaller than the second temperature difference threshold, the second temperature difference threshold is smaller than the third temperature difference threshold, and the first heating power is smaller than the second heating power;
and integrating a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery with a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, a lithium ion battery temperature difference, a first temperature difference threshold, a second temperature difference threshold, a third temperature difference threshold, a first heating power and a second heating power to construct a lithium ion battery self-heating strategy.
Further, the lithium ion battery self-heating strategy specifically includes a first lithium ion battery self-heating strategy, a second lithium ion battery self-heating strategy, a third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy and a fourth lithium ion battery self-heating strategy, wherein:
the self-heating strategy of the first lithium ion battery is to limit the discharge of the lithium ion battery, and the first lithium ion battery is subjected to external heating treatment through the first heating power;
the self-heating strategy of the second lithium ion battery is to limit the discharge of the lithium ion battery, the first lithium ion battery is subjected to external heating treatment through the second heating power, and after the preset time threshold is reached, the lithium ion battery is normally discharged and the first lithium ion battery is continuously subjected to external heating treatment through the second heating power;
the third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is that the lithium ion battery is normally discharged and external heating treatment is carried out on the first lithium ion battery through the second heating power;
the self-heating strategy of the fourth lithium ion battery is that the lithium ion battery does not need to be subjected to heating treatment.
Further, the step of combining the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery to perform heating treatment on the self-inspected lithium ion battery according to a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is smaller than or equal to a first temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a first lithium ion battery self-heating strategy;
if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the first temperature difference threshold value and smaller than or equal to the second temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a second lithium ion battery self-heating strategy;
if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the second temperature difference threshold value and smaller than or equal to the third temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy;
and if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the third temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a fourth lithium ion battery self-heating strategy.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
collecting the internal and external temperature difference values in the heating process of the lithium ion battery in real time;
if the internal and external temperature difference values in the heating process of the lithium ion battery meet the temperature difference threshold range and the external temperature of the lithium ion battery reaches the heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery, stopping heating the lithium ion battery and carrying out heat preservation treatment on the lithium ion battery;
and finishing the self-heating process of the lithium ion battery until the external temperature of the lithium ion battery reaches the heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a lithium ion battery self-heating device under low temperature environment, includes heating element, battery outside thermocouple, the inside thermocouple of battery, temperature acquisition controller, self-checking and control module and DC-DC controller, heating element parcel in lithium ion battery's surface and with DC-DC controller electric connection, the outside thermocouple of battery the inside thermocouple of battery with through electric connection between the temperature acquisition controller, self-checking and control module with DC-DC controller electric connection, wherein:
the heating element is used for transferring heat to the outer surface of the lithium ion battery;
the battery external thermocouple is used for acquiring external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
the internal thermocouple of the battery is used for acquiring internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
the temperature acquisition controller is used for acquiring an internal and external temperature difference value in the heating process of the ion battery;
the self-checking and controlling module is used for carrying out self-checking treatment on the self-heating device of the lithium ion battery and controlling the execution of the self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery;
the DC-DC controller is used for executing different working conditions according to the self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery.
The method and the device have the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery are obtained, the difference value between the ambient temperature and the external temperature of the battery and between the external temperature and the internal temperature of the battery are compared by combining the internal temperature of the battery, and different heating strategies are adopted according to the temperature; performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery to obtain a self-checked lithium ion battery; setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, constructing a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery, avoiding externally connecting an external power supply to a system, relying on discharge energy of the battery to heat the system, realizing internal and external heating at the same time, efficiently utilizing the battery energy, automatically switching the proper heating strategy, leading the heating effect to be better, leading the energy utilization rate to be highest, and simultaneously furthest reducing the consumption of heating energy; and combining the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery, and performing heating treatment on the self-inspected lithium ion battery according to a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery to obtain the heated lithium ion battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a self-heating method of a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a self-heating device of a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of self-heating of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a heating element; 2. a battery external thermocouple; 3. a thermocouple inside the battery; 4. a temperature acquisition controller; 5. a self-checking and control module; 6. and a DC-DC controller.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples. The step numbers in the following embodiments are set for convenience of illustration only, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way, and the execution order of the steps in the embodiments may be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the present invention provides a self-heating method of a lithium ion battery in a low temperature environment, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring internal temperature data of a lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
specifically, acquiring internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery through a thermocouple inside the battery; and acquiring external temperature data of the lithium ion battery through a battery external thermocouple.
S2, performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery to obtain the self-checked lithium ion battery;
specifically, setting an ambient temperature threshold of the lithium ion battery; judging according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery; if the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery are lower than the environmental temperature threshold value of the lithium ion battery, judging that the lithium ion battery is in a low-temperature environment; performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment to obtain a self-checked lithium ion battery;
the method comprises the steps of performing SOC detection on a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment to obtain an SOC value of the lithium ion battery; comparing the SOC value of the lithium ion battery with a preset minimum heating SOC threshold; if the SOC value of the lithium ion battery is smaller than a preset minimum heating SOC threshold, namely if the SOC value is smaller than 10% of the SOC value, stopping self-heating of the lithium ion battery; and if the SOC value of the lithium ion battery is larger than a preset minimum heating SOC threshold value, acquiring the self-inspected lithium ion battery.
In this embodiment, the battery SOC is detected, the current SOC value is compared with the set minimum heating requirement SOC value, if the current SOC value is greater than the set minimum heating requirement SOC value, the battery SOC value enters the heating system circuit detection module, the heating system circuit detection module detects faults of the loop, the voltage value and the current value of the heating system, and if no faults are detected, the battery SOC value enters the lithium ion battery to be self-heated.
S3, setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, and constructing a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery;
specifically, setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery; determining the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery; setting a first temperature difference threshold, a second temperature difference threshold, a third temperature difference threshold, a first heating power and a second heating power, wherein the first temperature difference threshold is smaller than the second temperature difference threshold, the second temperature difference threshold is smaller than the third temperature difference threshold, and the first heating power is smaller than the second heating power; and integrating a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery with a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, a lithium ion battery temperature difference, a first temperature difference threshold, a second temperature difference threshold, a third temperature difference threshold, a first heating power and a second heating power to construct a lithium ion battery self-heating strategy.
The lithium ion battery self-heating strategy specifically comprises a first lithium ion battery self-heating strategy, a second lithium ion battery self-heating strategy, a third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy and a fourth lithium ion battery self-heating strategy, wherein the first lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is used for limiting discharge of the lithium ion battery, and external heating treatment is carried out on the first lithium ion battery through first heating power; the self-heating strategy of the second lithium ion battery is to limit the discharge of the lithium ion battery, the first lithium ion battery is subjected to external heating treatment through the second heating power, and after the preset time threshold is reached, the lithium ion battery is normally discharged and the first lithium ion battery is continuously subjected to external heating treatment through the second heating power; the third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is that the lithium ion battery is normally discharged and external heating treatment is carried out on the first lithium ion battery through the second heating power; the self-heating strategy of the fourth lithium ion battery is that the lithium ion battery does not need to be subjected to heating treatment.
In this embodiment, according to the performance of the power battery, a heating target value may be automatically set to 25 ℃ and a heat preservation target value may be set to 20 ℃, or a heating target threshold and a heat preservation target threshold may be manually set, in the temperature acquisition controller, the temperature values of the external thermocouple and the internal thermocouple of the battery are collected, and according to the temperature of the battery and the temperature difference value between the internal thermocouple and the external thermocouple of the battery, a corresponding heating strategy demand signal is judged and issued and transmitted to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking and controlling module, and the first lithium ion battery self-heating strategy executed by the DC-DC controller is to provide 7W low power, that is, the first heating power, to the external heating element to heat the battery discharge voltage platform; the second lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is to heat the battery 15S by providing the external heating element with the power of 9W, namely the second heating power, and then the battery is heated while normally discharging the external heating element; the third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is to provide 9W medium power, namely second heating power, for the external heating element, and the battery is heated while normally discharging the external heating element; the fourth lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is that heating is not needed, and the DC-DC controller is in a standby state.
And S4, combining the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery, and performing heating treatment on the self-inspected lithium ion battery according to a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery to obtain the heated lithium ion battery.
Specifically, determining a lithium ion battery temperature difference according to internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery; if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is smaller than or equal to a first temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a first lithium ion battery self-heating strategy; if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the first temperature difference threshold value and smaller than or equal to the second temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a second lithium ion battery self-heating strategy; if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the second temperature difference threshold value and smaller than or equal to the third temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy; and if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the third temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a fourth lithium ion battery self-heating strategy.
In this embodiment, the temperature acquisition controller issues a corresponding heating strategy including: if the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to minus 25 ℃, a self-heating strategy of the first lithium ion battery is issued to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking control module; if the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to minus 25 ℃ and less than or equal to minus 10 ℃ of Tex, a second self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery is issued to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking control module; if the temperature of the battery is between minus 10 ℃ and Tex and less than 10 ℃, a third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is issued to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking and controlling module; if the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to 10 ℃ and less than or equal to Tex, a self-heating strategy of a fourth lithium ion battery is issued to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking control module;
the temperature difference is a first temperature difference threshold value at-25 ℃, a second temperature difference threshold value at-10 ℃, and a third temperature difference threshold value at-10 ℃.
Acquiring the temperature at the temperature acquisition controller, judging whether the current battery temperature reaches a preheating target value, and if not, automatically switching the heating strategy requirement to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking and controlling module according to the current temperature;
specifically, every 30S in the temperature acquisition controller samples the temperature once, and judges whether the current battery temperature reaches the range of 25+/-3 ℃ of the heating target value again, and the difference value between the internal temperature and the external temperature of the battery is less than 5+/-1 ℃, if the current battery temperature does not reach the range, the current battery temperature is returned to be automatically switched according to the current temperature and the corresponding heating strategy signal is sent to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking and controlling module to execute the heating strategy until the current battery temperature reaches the heating target temperature;
if the battery temperature in the temperature acquisition controller reaches a heating target value, a signal is sent to the DC-DC controller to switch to a heat preservation working condition;
specifically, the power of the DC-DC controller for executing the heat preservation working condition is kept at 7W low power to heat the battery by the external heating element;
judging whether the battery reaches the target temperature for heat preservation in a temperature acquisition controller;
if the temperature acquisition controller judges that the battery reaches the heat preservation target value, stopping heat preservation and entering a standby state;
specifically, when the battery is discharged at different multiplying powers, the temperature of the battery is different, if the battery temperature reaches the range of 20+/-3 ℃ which is the target temperature for heat preservation at the moment, the DC-DC controller enters a standby state, and the battery temperature value is collected once every 30S temperature collection controller and returns to judge whether the current temperature value needs heat preservation again.
Judging whether a heating stopping request is received in the self-checking and controlling module;
if the heating stop request is issued, the heating system is stopped.
Specifically, the stop heating command signal needs to last for 3S or more to stop, and is at the most preferred level in the whole heating system, and the stop command signal is received at any time to stop immediately.
Referring to fig. 2, a self-heating device for a lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment comprises a heating element 1, a battery external thermocouple 2, a battery internal thermocouple 3, a temperature acquisition controller 4, a self-checking and control module 5 and a DC-DC controller 6, wherein the heating element is wrapped on the outer surface of the lithium ion battery and is electrically connected with the DC-DC controller, and the battery external thermocouple, the battery internal thermocouple and the temperature acquisition controller are electrically connected with each other through the electrical connection, and the self-checking and control module is electrically connected with the DC-DC controller, wherein:
the heating element is used for transferring heat to the outer surface of the lithium ion battery;
the battery external thermocouple is used for acquiring external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
the internal thermocouple of the battery is used for acquiring internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
the temperature acquisition controller is used for acquiring the external temperature and the internal temperature value in the battery heating process in the ion battery heating process;
the self-checking and controlling module is used for carrying out self-checking treatment on the self-heating device of the lithium ion battery, controlling the execution of the self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery and controlling the discharging working condition of the battery;
the DC-DC controller is used for executing different working conditions according to the self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery.
In this embodiment, a in fig. 2 is a lithium ion battery, B in fig. 2 is a temperature acquisition controller, C in fig. 2 is a DC-DC controller, and D in fig. 2 is a self-checking and controlling module.
In this embodiment, the heating element is used to wrap the outer surface of the battery, and the energy of the DC-DC controller is derived from the lithium battery and is converted into different power working conditions to control the heating element to generate heat and transfer heat to the lithium battery; the battery external thermocouple is used for collecting the external temperature of the battery and transmitting the collected value to the temperature collection controller; the thermocouple in the battery is used for collecting the internal temperature of the battery and transmitting the collected value to the temperature collection controller; the temperature acquisition controller is used for collecting temperature values of the external thermocouple and the internal thermocouple of the battery, making corresponding heating strategy demands according to information fed back by the current temperature values and transmitting the heating strategy demands to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking and controlling module; the self-checking and controlling module is used for collecting and monitoring values of circuit voltage, current, battery terminal voltage and SOC of the battery in the heating process of the self-heating system, controlling the discharging condition of the lithium battery and issuing signals for starting and stopping the self-heating system; the DC-DC controller is powered by the lithium battery, and executes different working conditions according to different heating strategy demand signals issued by the temperature acquisition controller to input the different working conditions to the heating element to generate corresponding heat.
Specifically, the heating element is wrapped on the outer surface of the lithium battery and is electrically connected with the DC-DC controller; the battery external thermocouple and the battery internal thermocouple are electrically connected with the temperature acquisition controller; the temperature acquisition controller makes temperature judgment and performs signal transmission with the DC-DC controller and the self-checking control module; the self-checking and controlling module is electrically connected with the DC-DC controller and the lithium battery.
In summary, the low-temperature self-heating system and the heating strategy of the lithium battery in the embodiments of the present invention determine whether the heating requirement is met before starting the heating system, and monitor the electric loop in real time during the heating process, ensure that the internal and external temperatures of the battery collected by the temperature collection controller under different low-temperature environments are transmitted to the DC-DC controller and the self-checking and control module to execute different heating strategies and heat preservation conditions to control the heating element to heat, and transmit heat to the battery to achieve the purpose of heating and heat preservation, so that the heating effect better accords with the actual working condition, the heating efficiency is improved, the energy loss during heating is reduced, and the discharge performance of the battery is improved. In addition, the invention reasonably utilizes the self-discharge heating energy of the battery, combines an external heating element, efficiently and rapidly heats, monitors signals such as current, voltage, temperature, capacity and the like in real time in the heating process, and immediately issues a heating stopping signal when the current, voltage, temperature, capacity and the like exceed a specified threshold value, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability in the heating process.
The content in the method embodiment is applicable to the embodiment of the device, and the functions specifically realized by the embodiment of the device are the same as those of the method embodiment, and the obtained beneficial effects are the same as those of the method embodiment.
While the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications and substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The self-heating method of the lithium ion battery in the low-temperature environment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring internal temperature data of a lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery to obtain a self-checked lithium ion battery;
setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, and constructing a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery;
and combining the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery, and performing heating treatment on the self-inspected lithium ion battery according to a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery to obtain the heated lithium ion battery.
2. The method for self-heating a lithium ion battery in a low temperature environment according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
acquiring internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery through a thermocouple in the battery;
and acquiring external temperature data of the lithium ion battery through a battery external thermocouple.
3. The self-heating method of a lithium ion battery in a low temperature environment according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery according to internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and external temperature data of the lithium ion battery to obtain the self-checked lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
setting an ambient temperature threshold of the lithium ion battery;
judging according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
if the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery are lower than the environmental temperature threshold value of the lithium ion battery, judging that the lithium ion battery is in a low-temperature environment;
and performing self-checking treatment on the lithium ion battery in the low-temperature environment to obtain the self-checked lithium ion battery.
4. The method for self-heating a lithium ion battery in a low temperature environment according to claim 3, wherein the step of performing self-inspection treatment on the lithium ion battery in the low temperature environment to obtain the self-inspected lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
performing SOC detection on the lithium ion battery in a low-temperature environment to obtain an SOC value of the lithium ion battery;
comparing the SOC value of the lithium ion battery with a preset minimum heating SOC threshold;
if the SOC value of the lithium ion battery is smaller than a preset minimum heating SOC threshold, stopping self-heating the lithium ion battery;
and if the SOC value of the lithium ion battery is larger than a preset minimum heating SOC threshold value, acquiring the self-inspected lithium ion battery.
5. The method for self-heating a lithium ion battery in a low temperature environment according to claim 4, wherein the step of setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery to construct a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery and a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery;
determining the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
setting a first temperature difference threshold, a second temperature difference threshold, a third temperature difference threshold, a first heating power and a second heating power, wherein the first temperature difference threshold is smaller than the second temperature difference threshold, the second temperature difference threshold is smaller than the third temperature difference threshold, and the first heating power is smaller than the second heating power;
and integrating a heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery with a heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery, a lithium ion battery temperature difference, a first temperature difference threshold, a second temperature difference threshold, a third temperature difference threshold, a first heating power and a second heating power to construct a lithium ion battery self-heating strategy.
6. The method for self-heating a lithium ion battery in a low temperature environment according to claim 5, wherein the self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery specifically comprises a first self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery, a second self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery, a third self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery and a fourth self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery, wherein:
the self-heating strategy of the first lithium ion battery is to limit the discharge of the lithium ion battery, and the first lithium ion battery is subjected to external heating treatment through the first heating power;
the self-heating strategy of the second lithium ion battery is to limit the discharge of the lithium ion battery, the first lithium ion battery is subjected to external heating treatment through the second heating power, and after the preset time threshold is reached, the lithium ion battery is normally discharged and the first lithium ion battery is continuously subjected to external heating treatment through the second heating power;
the third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy is that the lithium ion battery is normally discharged and external heating treatment is carried out on the first lithium ion battery through the second heating power;
the self-heating strategy of the fourth lithium ion battery is that the lithium ion battery does not need to be subjected to heating treatment.
7. The method for self-heating a lithium ion battery in a low temperature environment according to claim 6, wherein the step of combining internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery with external temperature data of the lithium ion battery and performing heat treatment on the self-inspected lithium ion battery according to a self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery according to the internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery and the external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is smaller than or equal to a first temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a first lithium ion battery self-heating strategy;
if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the first temperature difference threshold value and smaller than or equal to the second temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a second lithium ion battery self-heating strategy;
if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the second temperature difference threshold value and smaller than or equal to the third temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a third lithium ion battery self-heating strategy;
and if the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is larger than the third temperature difference threshold value, heating the self-inspected lithium ion battery by a fourth lithium ion battery self-heating strategy.
8. The method for self-heating a lithium-ion battery in a low-temperature environment according to claim 7, further comprising:
collecting the internal and external temperature difference values in the heating process of the lithium ion battery in real time;
if the internal and external temperature difference values in the heating process of the lithium ion battery meet the temperature difference threshold range and the external temperature of the lithium ion battery reaches the heating target temperature value of the lithium ion battery, stopping heating the lithium ion battery and carrying out heat preservation treatment on the lithium ion battery;
and finishing the self-heating process of the lithium ion battery until the external temperature of the lithium ion battery reaches the heat preservation target value of the lithium ion battery.
9. The utility model provides a lithium ion battery self-heating device under low temperature environment, its characterized in that includes heating element, battery outside thermocouple, the inside thermocouple of battery, temperature acquisition controller, self-checking and control module and DC-DC controller, heating element parcel in lithium ion battery's surface and with DC-DC controller electric connection, the outside thermocouple of battery the inside thermocouple of battery with through electric connection between the temperature acquisition controller, self-checking and control module with DC-DC controller electric connection, wherein:
the heating element is used for transferring heat to the outer surface of the lithium ion battery;
the battery external thermocouple is used for acquiring external temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
the internal thermocouple of the battery is used for acquiring internal temperature data of the lithium ion battery;
the temperature acquisition controller is used for acquiring an internal and external temperature difference value in the heating process of the ion battery;
the self-checking and controlling module is used for carrying out self-checking treatment on the self-heating device of the lithium ion battery and controlling the execution of the self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery;
the DC-DC controller is used for executing different working conditions according to the self-heating strategy of the lithium ion battery.
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