CN113043914B - Battery heating method and device and electric automobile - Google Patents
Battery heating method and device and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113043914B CN113043914B CN202110292046.5A CN202110292046A CN113043914B CN 113043914 B CN113043914 B CN 113043914B CN 202110292046 A CN202110292046 A CN 202110292046A CN 113043914 B CN113043914 B CN 113043914B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a battery heating method, a battery heating device and an electric automobile, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received, if a battery in a battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process, and the current battery state meets a heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state; and sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery. According to the invention, when the battery is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process, the battery heating request sent by the terminal is received, and if the current battery state meets the heating condition, the battery heating parameter is sent to the heating system, so that the battery can be heated in advance or in real time, the condition that the vehicle cannot be normally used due to the excessively low temperature of the battery is avoided, the battery can be charged or discharged according to the large current, and the vehicle endurance mileage is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery heating, in particular to a battery heating method and device and an electric automobile.
Background
The electric automobile is an electric automobile which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels by a motor to run and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. Because the influence on the environment is smaller than that of the traditional automobile, the prospect is widely seen.
However, when the pure electric vehicle is placed in a low-temperature environment for a long time, the temperature of the battery core of the power battery is very low, and if the electric vehicle is started immediately at the moment, the power battery may limit power output, so that the power performance of the electric vehicle is weakened. When the temperature is low to a certain degree, even the electric automobile can not be started, and the normal use of the electric automobile is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery heating method and device and an electric automobile, which are used for solving the defect that the electric automobile cannot be normally used in a low-temperature environment in the prior art.
The invention provides a battery heating method, which comprises the following steps:
when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received, if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process, and the current battery state meets a heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state;
and sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
According to the battery heating method provided by the invention, the current battery state comprises the current battery temperature, the current allowable charging or discharging current and the current heating rate, and the battery heating parameters comprise the target battery heating temperature and the first battery heating time length.
According to the battery heating method provided by the invention, the target heating temperature of the battery refers to a temperature threshold value for charging by adopting a large current or a temperature threshold value for discharging by adopting a large current.
According to a battery heating method provided by the present invention, if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process, and a current battery state meets a heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state, the method comprises:
if the current battery temperature is within a preset range, and the current allowable charging current is not greater than the rated allowable charging current of the battery, or the current allowable discharging current is not greater than the rated allowable discharging current of the battery, determining the target heating temperature of the battery based on the current allowable charging or discharging current;
determining the first battery heating duration based on the battery target heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate.
According to a battery heating method provided by the present invention, the determining the first battery heating duration based on the target battery heating temperature, the current battery temperature and the current heating rate includes:
determining a first heating temperature difference value based on the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature;
determining the first battery heating duration based on the first heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
According to the invention, the battery heating method further comprises the following steps:
if the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process, monitoring the current battery temperature;
if the current battery temperature is smaller than a threshold value, determining a second battery heating time length based on a preset heating temperature, the current heating rate and the current battery temperature;
and sending the preset heating temperature and the second battery heating time to the heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
According to the invention, the battery heating method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the ambient temperature of the battery in real time;
and if the ambient temperature is higher than the calibration temperature, the battery is not heated.
According to a battery heating method provided by the present invention, after the heating system is caused to heat the battery, the method further includes:
and if the current battery temperature or the heating time of the battery reaches a preset condition, sending a heating stopping instruction to the heating system.
According to the battery heating method provided by the invention, the heating system is a diesel oil heating system.
The invention also provides a battery heating device, which is located in a battery management system and comprises:
the battery management system comprises a parameter determining unit, a parameter determining unit and a battery heating unit, wherein the parameter determining unit is used for determining a battery heating parameter based on a current battery state if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process and the current battery state meets a heating condition when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received;
and the battery heating unit is used for sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
According to the battery heating device provided by the invention, the current battery state comprises the current battery temperature, the current allowable charging or discharging current and the current heating rate, and the battery heating parameters comprise the target battery heating temperature and the first battery heating time length.
According to the battery heating device provided by the invention, the target heating temperature of the battery refers to a temperature threshold value for charging by adopting a large current or a temperature threshold value for discharging by adopting a large current.
According to a battery heating apparatus provided by the present invention, the parameter determination unit includes:
a first determining unit, configured to determine the target heating temperature of the battery based on the current allowable charging or discharging current if the current battery temperature is within a preset range and the current allowable charging current is not greater than a rated allowable charging current of the battery or the current allowable discharging current is not greater than a rated allowable discharging current of the battery;
a second determination unit configured to determine the first battery heating period based on the battery target heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate.
According to a battery heating apparatus provided by the present invention, the second determination unit includes:
a first calculation unit for determining a first heating temperature difference value based on the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature;
a second calculating unit, configured to determine the first battery heating duration based on the first heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
According to the present invention, there is provided a battery heating apparatus, further comprising:
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the current battery temperature if the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process;
a third determining unit, configured to determine, if the current battery temperature is less than a threshold, a second battery heating duration based on a preset heating temperature, the current heating rate, and the current battery temperature;
and the sending unit is used for sending the preset heating temperature and the second battery heating time to the heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
According to the present invention, there is provided a battery heating apparatus, further comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the ambient temperature of the battery in real time;
and the pause unit is used for not heating the battery if the environment temperature is greater than the calibration temperature.
According to the present invention, there is provided a battery heating apparatus, further comprising a stop heating unit for:
after the heating system heats the battery, if the current battery temperature or the heating time of the battery reaches a preset condition, a heating stopping instruction is sent to the heating system.
According to the battery heating device provided by the invention, the heating system is a diesel oil heating system.
The present invention also provides an electric vehicle, comprising: a battery heating apparatus as described above.
The invention also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of any one of the battery heating methods.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the battery heating method as described in any one of the above.
According to the battery heating method and device and the electric automobile provided by the invention, when the battery in the battery management system is in the non-charging state or the non-discharging state or the charging process or the discharging process, the battery heating request sent by the terminal is received, if the current battery state meets the heating condition, the battery heating parameters are determined based on the current battery state, and the battery heating parameters are sent to the heating system, so that the battery can be heated in advance or in real time, the condition that the vehicle cannot be normally used due to the fact that the temperature of the battery is too low in the vehicle using process or the driving process is avoided, the battery can be charged or discharged according to large current, and the driving mileage of the vehicle is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a battery heating method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery heating system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of yet another battery heating method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery heating apparatus provided in the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The sales volume of the pure electric vehicle is more and more, but the discharging performance and the charging performance of the battery at low temperature are still greatly limited, the pure electric endurance mileage is attenuated by more than 20% at least at low temperature, and if the whole vehicle system is heated by PTC, the electric quantity is consumed too fast, so that the endurance mileage of the battery is greatly reduced. The charging performance of the battery is also limited at low temperature, so that the charging time is prolonged by connecting a charging plug at low temperature and heating the battery before charging.
At present, electric quantity is obtained from a battery end to heat the PTC and other modes, so that the electric quantity of the battery is consumed more quickly, and meanwhile, the PTC is heated less efficiently.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts a terminal (such as a mobile phone) to reserve heating, so that the temperature of the battery can be increased to a temperature suitable for working in advance, the battery reaches the suitable temperature before charging, and the battery can be charged with a large multiplying power, thereby saving the charging time. For example, for an electric vehicle parked outdoors in winter for one night, the vehicle is scheduled to be heated by a mobile phone in front of the vehicle in the morning, the temperature of the battery is raised to a proper temperature, and meanwhile, the passenger compartment is heated; thus, a comfortable working environment can be provided for a driver and the discharge performance of the battery is improved. The invention will now be explained and illustrated in detail by means of specific examples.
In view of this, the present invention provides a battery heating method. Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a battery heating method provided by the present invention, which is applied to a battery management system of an electric vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
Specifically, the battery management system is an apparatus for managing a battery in an electric vehicle, and the terminal refers to an external device, such as a mobile phone, a tablet, and the like, that can communicate with the electric vehicle. The battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged or undischarged state, which indicates that the vehicle is not started, such as an electric vehicle standing for a preset time. For an electric automobile which is not started, the electric automobile may be in a low-temperature environment, the charging and discharging performance of a battery is limited, if a user heats the battery after getting on the automobile, the waiting time of the user can be consumed, therefore, the user can send a battery heating request to a battery management system through a terminal, so that the battery management system can heat the battery after receiving the battery heating request if the current battery state meets the heating condition, the battery can be heated in advance, the temperature of the battery is raised to the optimal temperature, the problem that the mileage of the battery is reduced at the low temperature can be avoided, the battery reaches the optimal working temperature in the charging or discharging state, the charging or discharging performance of the battery is ensured, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. When the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process, the vehicle is started (for example, the vehicle is in a running process), and at the moment, the heating system can be controlled in real time to heat the battery under the condition that the battery state meets the heating condition, so that the charging or discharging performance of the battery in the running process of the vehicle is ensured.
It should be noted that the electric vehicle does not need to be heated in some states, for example, when the battery temperature of the electric vehicle is high, the current temperature of the battery does not affect the normal use of the electric vehicle, so the battery does not need to be heated; if the battery is being heated, the step of heating the battery is not required to be repeatedly executed at the moment. Therefore, the condition that the current battery state of the electric vehicle not started satisfies the heating condition may include: the current temperature of the battery is less than the preset temperature and the heating system does not heat the battery at this time.
In addition, the current battery state refers to parameter information for characterizing the current property of the battery and the current environment, such as the current temperature of the battery, the heating rate of the battery, and the like. The battery heating parameters may include a battery heating time period, a target temperature of the battery heating, and the like. Based on the current battery state, battery heating parameters may be determined, such as the lower the current temperature of the battery, the longer the required battery heating duration; also, for example, the lower the battery heating rate, the longer the battery heating period required. It should be noted that, due to communication delay, the battery heating time and the target temperature of the battery heating cannot reach the heating system at the same time, the heating system may perform heating with the battery heating parameter received first.
It can be understood that after the battery management system determines the battery heating parameters, the battery heating parameters can be sent to the terminal, so that the user can obtain the battery heating parameters through the terminal, and then arrange a reasonable time for traveling. For example, when the battery heating time period obtained by the user in the battery heating parameter is 10min, the user may start the vehicle after 10min, so that the vehicle can operate normally immediately. For another example, when the battery heating time obtained by the user is 10min, and the user can start the electric vehicle after 30min (for example, the user can start the vehicle after 11 o 'clock and 30 o' clock), the user can send 11 o 'clock and 20 o' clock through the mobile phone to start heating, so that the battery heating is finished at 11 o 'clock and 30 o' clock, and the battery is prevented from being cooled because the electric vehicle is not started after the battery is heated too early, thereby reducing the battery temperature and affecting the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle.
And step 120, sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
Specifically, the heating system of the electric vehicle refers to an external heat source for heating a battery of the electric vehicle, such as a diesel heating system provided on the electric vehicle. And after the heating system receives the battery heating parameters, the battery is heated according to the battery heating parameters. For example, if the heating system receives the battery heating time length first, the battery heating time length is taken as a parameter to heat the battery; the heating system receives the battery heating target temperature firstly, and then the battery is heated by taking the battery heating target temperature as a parameter.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery is heated by the external heat source, which is a heating system, and compared with the conventional method in which the PTC is heated by taking electric quantity from the battery terminal, the heating efficiency is improved, and the battery itself is not used, so that the battery performance is prevented from being affected, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 2, a user may send a battery heating request to the onboard Tbox through a mobile phone, at this time, the onboard Tbox forwards a request signal to the battery system, and if the battery system determines that the current battery state meets the heating condition, the battery heating parameter is sent to the diesel heating system, so that the diesel heating system controls the heat exchanger to heat the battery in the battery system and the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle. In addition, the user can also send a heating stopping command to the diesel heating system through the vehicle-mounted Tbox so as to stop heating the battery; the user can also control the start of heating or the stop of heating in the passenger compartment by means of a panel button or the like, but in order to prevent erroneous operation, the heating is prohibited from being turned on when the ambient temperature is greater than 15 ℃ (a nominal amount), that is, when the ambient temperature is greater than 15 ℃, the diesel heating system does not perform the heating function.
For example, before the user drives, can open the heating mode in advance at the cell-phone end, diesel oil heating system can heat battery temperature to 10 ℃ -20 ℃ (calibration value), heats the driver's cabin to 15 ℃ (calibration value), reaches corresponding temperature after, diesel oil heating system automatic stop work. Before the battery is charged, the heating function of the battery can be started in advance to ensure that the battery is at a proper temperature (10-20 ℃), and the battery can be charged according to a large current.
According to the battery heating method provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged or undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process, the battery heating request sent by the terminal is received, if the current battery state meets the heating condition, the battery heating parameter is determined based on the current battery state, and the battery heating parameter is sent to the heating system, so that the battery of the electric automobile can be heated in advance or in real time, the condition that the vehicle cannot be normally used due to the fact that the battery temperature is too low in the use process or the driving process is avoided, the battery can be charged or discharged according to large current, and the driving mileage of the vehicle is ensured.
Based on the above embodiment, the current battery state includes the current battery temperature, the current allowable charging or discharging current, and the current heating rate, and the battery heating parameter includes the battery target heating temperature and the first battery heating duration.
Specifically, the current battery temperature may indicate whether the battery needs to be heated, and if the current battery temperature is too low, the battery needs to be heated. The present allowable charging current refers to a charging current that is allowed to charge the battery at the present battery temperature. The present allowable discharge current refers to a discharge current that is allowed to discharge the battery at the present battery temperature. The current heating rate refers to the rate at which the battery is heated at the current battery temperature. The target heating temperature refers to a temperature to which the battery needs to be heated. The first battery heating time period refers to a time period required to heat the battery to the battery target heating temperature.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the target heating temperature of the battery refers to a temperature threshold for charging with a large current or a temperature threshold for discharging with a large current.
Specifically, if the battery needs to be charged, the target heating temperature of the battery refers to a temperature threshold value for charging with a large current; if the battery needs to be discharged, the target heating temperature of the battery refers to a temperature threshold for discharging with a large current.
The temperature threshold of the battery during charging is determined according to the state of the battery cell, that is, the charging temperature thresholds corresponding to batteries of different specifications are different. The temperature threshold of the battery at discharge may be set as the case may be, for example, 15 ℃.
Note that, since the battery states corresponding to charging and discharging are different, that is, the temperature threshold value corresponding to charging and the temperature threshold value corresponding to discharging are different.
Based on any of the above embodiments, if the battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process, and the current battery state satisfies the heating condition, determining the battery heating parameter based on the current battery state includes:
if the current battery temperature is within a preset range, and the current allowable charging current is not greater than the rated allowable charging current of the battery, or the current allowable discharging current is not greater than the rated allowable discharging current of the battery, determining the target heating temperature of the battery based on the current allowable charging or discharging current;
a first battery heating duration is determined based on the battery target heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate.
Specifically, if the battery temperature of the electric vehicle is high, the current temperature of the battery does not affect the normal use of the electric vehicle, so that the battery does not need to be heated; if the current allowable charging current is not greater than the rated allowable charging current of the battery, it indicates that the battery can be charged with the current allowable charging current (large current), or if the current allowable discharging current is not greater than the rated allowable discharging current of the battery, it indicates that the battery can be discharged with the current allowable discharging current (large current), and if the current battery temperature is within a preset range, it indicates that the current battery state meets the heating condition, and the battery can be heated. Therefore, the battery management system needs to accurately judge whether the current battery temperature enters a temperature interval needing to be heated, calculate the first battery heating time required by heating to the target heating temperature (such as 10-20 ℃) of the battery, send the first battery heating time to the diesel heating system, work the heating system, monitor the temperature of the battery system by the battery management system, perform closed-loop adjustment, and stop heating when the first heating time or the target heating temperature of the battery is reached. It should be noted that, at a relatively low temperature, the dischargeable power and the chargeable power of the battery are greatly limited, so the purpose of heating the battery is to keep the battery at a suitable operating temperature for high-power charging and discharging. Meanwhile, the heat is improved for the passenger compartment, and the problem of low pure electric driving mileage caused by using PTC heating in winter is solved. However, in order to avoid the problem that overheating damages the battery or wastes fuel, the first battery heating time period needs to be accurately calculated.
Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may determine a target heating temperature of the battery, i.e., a temperature that the battery needs to reach when being charged at the currently allowable charging current or when being discharged at the currently allowable discharging current, based on the currently allowable charging or discharging current. Based on the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature, a difference between the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature, which is a temperature rise value of the battery per unit time, may be determined, and based on the current heating rate and the difference, the first battery heating period may be determined.
Based on any of the above embodiments, determining the first battery heating duration based on the target battery heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate includes:
determining a first heating temperature difference value based on the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature;
based on the first heating temperature difference and the current heating rate, a first battery heating time period is determined.
Specifically, based on the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature, a difference between the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature, that is, a first heating temperature difference, may be determined. The current heating rate refers to the amount of temperature rise of the battery heating per unit time, so that the time required for the battery to heat from the current battery temperature to the target battery heating temperature, i.e., the first battery heating period, can be determined based on the first heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
Table 1 is a relationship table between battery temperature and charge rate, and as shown in table 1, the charge rate is allowed to be 0.1C only at-10℃, and is allowed to be 0.5C at 10℃, so if the battery temperature is raised to 10℃ by the auxiliary heater before charging, the charge power can be raised quickly, and the charge time can be saved.
When the temperature is lower, the current allowable charging current of the battery management system is read, and if the maximum allowable charging current (rated allowable charging current) is not reached, the temperature of the battery is started to be raised, so that the battery can be charged in a large size. And setting the target temperature to be reached by charging the large current as a second charging temperature threshold, setting the current temperature as a first charging temperature threshold, and calculating the time expected to be increased to the second charging temperature threshold so as to control the heating power. It should be noted that, in order to make the battery management system reach the maximum allowable charging current condition as soon as possible, the heater is fully turned on at the maximum power.
TABLE 1
Assuming that the first charging temperature threshold T0, the second charging temperature threshold Tmax, and the temperature difference DeltaT, the first heating temperature difference is: deltaT = Tmax-T0;
for example: and the heating rate under the condition of full-power heating obtained by the heat conduction system is 0.8 ℃/min, if the first battery heating time obtained by fully opening the heater at the moment is t0= DeltaT/0.8, and when the heating time reaches the first battery heating time, the heating is stopped or the heating power is reduced in advance until the heating power is zero according to the battery core temperature measured by the battery management system at the moment.
Table 2 shows the relationship between the battery temperature and the discharge rate, and as shown in Table 2, the battery temperature is increased from-10 ℃ to 10 ℃, and when the SOC is 10%, the power can be increased from 14.8KW to 59.6KW. Therefore, the temperature of the battery is increased to more than 10 ℃ in advance before the battery works, the battery can be normally used in high power without the influence of power limitation and the like.
TABLE 2
This can be achieved, for example, by the following method: the temperature suitable for high-rate discharge of the battery is set as a second working temperature threshold value, the currently read data is set as a first working temperature threshold value, and the system judges whether heating is needed or not according to the power condition used by a client and the first working temperature threshold value during working.
Assuming a first operating temperature threshold T0', a second operating temperature threshold Tmax', the temperature difference is: deltaT ' = Tmax ' -T0'; according to the heating rate of 0.8 ℃/min under the condition of full-power heating of the heat conduction system, if the initial time obtained by fully opening the heater is t0'= DeltaT'/0.8, in the heating process, if the heating rate is obviously greater than 0.8 ℃ per minute, the heating time length needs to be corrected (such as increasing or shortening the heating time length in an equal ratio), and meanwhile, the power of the heater can be adjusted through PWM waves, for example, the power of the heater is reduced, and the temperature rise of the battery system is controlled. It should be noted that if the power gradient is different, a different second operating temperature threshold value Tmax' may exist according to different cells.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the method further comprises:
if the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process, monitoring the current battery temperature;
if the current battery temperature is less than the threshold value, determining a second battery heating time length based on the preset heating temperature, the current heating rate and the current battery temperature;
and sending the preset heating temperature and the heating time of the second battery to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
Specifically, if the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process, that is, when the electric vehicle is in a starting state, the battery may have a battery temperature lower than a preset value (for example, the battery temperature is lower than 0 ℃) due to an external environment influence, in order to ensure the charging or discharging performance of the battery, in addition to the method of the above embodiment, the terminal remote control heating system may be used to heat the battery, the embodiment of the present invention may also use the battery management system to monitor the current battery temperature of the electric vehicle, and if the current battery temperature is less than a threshold, it indicates that the battery needs to be heated, and the battery management system may determine the second battery heating duration based on the preset heating temperature (generally, any value from 12 ℃ to 15 ℃), the current heating rate of the battery, and the current battery temperature.
Due to the influence of communication delay, the preset heating temperature and the second battery heating time may not reach the heating system at the same time, in order to heat the battery in time, heating can be performed by using the parameters which are reached first, and if the preset heating temperature reaches the heating system preferentially, heating is performed by using the preset heating temperature; and if the second battery heating time length preferentially reaches the heating system, heating the battery in the second battery heating time length.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, the method further comprises:
acquiring the ambient temperature of the battery in real time;
and if the ambient temperature is higher than the calibration temperature, the battery is not heated.
Specifically, in order to prevent the battery from overheating, the embodiment of the present invention may obtain the ambient temperature of the battery in real time, and if the ambient temperature of the battery is greater than a calibration temperature (e.g., 15 ℃), the heating system is not turned on, and the battery is not heated. If the battery is being heated at this time, the heating system is turned off to stop heating the battery.
Based on any of the above embodiments, determining a second battery heating duration based on the preset heating temperature, the current heating rate of the battery, and the current battery temperature includes:
determining a second heating temperature difference value based on the preset heating temperature and the current battery temperature;
and determining a second battery heating time period based on the second heating temperature difference value and the current heating rate.
Specifically, based on the preset heating temperature and the current battery temperature, a difference between the preset heating temperature and the current battery temperature, that is, a second heating temperature difference, may be determined. The current heating rate refers to a real-time temperature rise amount of the battery heating in unit time, so that the time required for the battery to be heated from the current battery temperature to the preset heating temperature, that is, the second battery heating time period, can be determined based on the second heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
Based on any embodiment, after the heating system is used to heat the battery, the method further includes:
and if the current battery temperature or the heating time of the battery reaches a preset condition, sending a heating stopping instruction to the heating system.
Specifically, if the temperature of the battery reaches the target heating temperature or exceeds the target heating temperature, which indicates that the battery can be charged with a large current at this time, the heating of the battery can be stopped; if the heating time of the battery reaches the preset condition, the battery needs to be heated first to avoid damaging the battery due to overlong heating time.
Therefore, after the battery is heated, the temperature and the heating time of the battery are monitored, and if the preset conditions are met, the battery is stopped being heated, so that the problem that the battery is damaged due to overheating is solved.
According to any of the above embodiments, the heating system is a diesel heating system.
The diesel heating system is used for heating the battery of the electric automobile, and compared with a mode of taking electric quantity from a battery end to heat the PTC in a traditional method, the mode that the diesel heating system is used for heating the battery not only improves heating efficiency, but also does not use the energy of the battery, avoids influencing the performance of the battery and prolongs the service life of the battery.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a battery heating method, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
before the electric automobile starts, a mobile phone end issues a heating command through TBOX, a battery management system judges whether the battery needs to be heated according to the environment temperature and the battery core temperature, if so, a battery management system BMS calculates the heating time and sends the heating time and the battery target temperature to a diesel oil heating system for heating.
After the electric automobile is started, the battery management system BMS monitors the temperature of the battery in real time, if the temperature is smaller than a threshold value, the heating time is calculated, and the heating time and the target temperature of the battery are sent to the diesel heating system to be heated.
And in the process of heating the battery, if the temperature of the battery reaches the target temperature or the heating time reaches the heating duration, stopping heating.
The battery heating device provided by the invention is described below, and the battery heating device described below and the battery heating method described above can be correspondingly referred to each other.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a battery heating apparatus, which is located in a battery management system of an electric vehicle, as shown in fig. 4, and the apparatus includes:
a parameter determining unit 410, configured to determine a battery heating parameter based on a current battery state if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state, a charging process, or a discharging process and the current battery state meets a heating condition when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received;
and the battery heating unit 420 is used for sending the battery heating parameters to the heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the current battery status includes a current battery temperature, a current allowed charging or discharging current, and a current heating rate, and the battery heating parameters include a battery target heating temperature and a first battery heating duration.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the target heating temperature of the battery refers to a temperature threshold for charging with a large current or a temperature threshold for discharging with a large current.
The parameter determining unit 410 includes:
a first determining unit, configured to determine the target heating temperature of the battery based on the current allowable charging current if the current battery temperature is within a preset range and the current allowable charging current is not greater than a rated allowable charging current of the battery or the current allowable discharging current is not greater than a rated allowable discharging current of the battery;
a second determining unit configured to determine the first battery heating duration based on the battery target heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, the second determining unit includes:
a first calculation unit, configured to determine a first heating temperature difference value based on the target battery heating temperature and the current battery temperature;
a second calculating unit, configured to determine the first battery heating duration based on the first heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
Based on any embodiment above, the apparatus further comprises:
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the current battery temperature if the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process;
a third determining unit, configured to determine, if the current battery temperature is less than a threshold, a second battery heating duration based on a preset heating temperature, the current heating rate, and the current battery temperature;
and the sending unit is used for sending the preset heating temperature and the second battery heating time to the heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
Based on any embodiment above, still include:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the ambient temperature of the battery in real time;
and the pause unit is used for not heating the battery if the environment temperature is greater than the calibration temperature.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, the third determining unit includes:
the third calculation unit is used for determining a second heating temperature difference value based on the preset heating temperature and the current battery temperature;
a fourth calculating unit, configured to determine the second battery heating duration based on the second heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
Based on any embodiment, the device further comprises a heating stopping unit for:
after the heating system heats the battery, if the current battery temperature or the heating time of the battery reaches a preset condition, a heating stopping instruction is sent to the heating system.
According to any of the embodiments, the heating system is a diesel heating system.
Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention also provides an electric vehicle, including: according to the battery heating device in any embodiment, before the electric automobile is started, the battery heating request sent by the terminal is received, if the current battery state meets the heating condition, the battery heating parameters are determined based on the current battery state, and the battery heating parameters are sent to the heating system, so that the battery of the electric automobile can be heated in advance, the problem that the vehicle cannot be normally used due to the fact that the battery temperature is too low when the vehicle is used is avoided, the battery can be charged according to large current, and the vehicle endurance mileage is guaranteed.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor) 510, a communication Interface (Communications Interface) 520, a memory (memory) 530 and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication Interface 520 and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. Processor 510 may invoke logic instructions in memory 530 to perform a battery heating method comprising: when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received, if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process, and the current battery state meets a heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state; and sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 530 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the battery heating method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received, if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process and the current battery state meets a heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state; and sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the battery heating method provided above, the method comprising: when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received, if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process and the current battery state meets a heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state; and sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A battery heating method is applied to a battery management system, and the method comprises the following steps:
when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received, if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process and the current battery state meets a heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state;
sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery;
the current battery state comprises a current battery temperature, a current allowable charging or discharging current and a current heating rate, and the battery heating parameters comprise a battery target heating temperature and a first battery heating time length;
if the battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process and the current battery state meets the heating condition, determining a battery heating parameter based on the current battery state, including:
if the current battery temperature is within a preset range, and the current allowable charging current is not greater than the rated allowable charging current of the battery, or the current allowable discharging current is not greater than the rated allowable discharging current of the battery, determining the target heating temperature of the battery based on the current allowable charging or discharging current;
determining the first battery heating duration based on the battery target heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate.
2. The battery heating method according to claim 1, wherein the target heating temperature of the battery refers to a temperature threshold at which charging is performed with a large current or a temperature threshold at which discharging is performed with a large current.
3. The battery heating method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the first battery heating period based on the battery target heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate comprises:
determining a first heating temperature difference value based on the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature;
determining the first battery heating duration based on the first heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
4. The battery heating method according to claim 1, further comprising:
if the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process, monitoring the current battery temperature;
if the current battery temperature is smaller than a threshold value, determining the heating time of a second battery based on a preset heating temperature, the current heating rate and the current battery temperature;
and sending the preset heating temperature and the second battery heating time to the heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
5. The battery heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
acquiring the ambient temperature of the battery in real time;
and if the ambient temperature is higher than the calibration temperature, the battery is not heated.
6. The battery heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising, after causing the heating system to heat the battery:
and if the current battery temperature or the heating time of the battery reaches a preset condition, sending a heating stopping instruction to the heating system.
7. The battery heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heating system is a diesel heating system.
8. A battery heating apparatus, wherein the apparatus is located in a battery management system, comprising:
the battery heating management system comprises a parameter determining unit, a parameter judging unit and a battery heating parameter judging unit, wherein the parameter determining unit is used for determining a battery heating parameter based on a current battery state if a battery in the battery management system is in an uncharged state or an undischarged state or a charging process or a discharging process and the current battery state meets a heating condition when a battery heating request sent by a terminal is received;
the battery heating unit is used for sending the battery heating parameters to a heating system so that the heating system heats the battery;
the current battery state comprises a current battery temperature, a current allowable charging or discharging current and a current heating rate, and the battery heating parameters comprise a battery target heating temperature and a first battery heating time length;
the parameter determination unit includes:
a first determining unit, configured to determine the target heating temperature of the battery based on the current allowable charging or discharging current if the current battery temperature is within a preset range and the current allowable charging current is not greater than a rated allowable charging current of the battery or the current allowable discharging current is not greater than a rated allowable discharging current of the battery;
a second determination unit configured to determine the first battery heating period based on the battery target heating temperature, the current battery temperature, and the current heating rate.
9. The battery heating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the target heating temperature of the battery is a temperature threshold at which charging is performed with a large current or a temperature threshold at which discharging is performed with a large current.
10. The battery heating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the second determination unit includes:
a first calculation unit for determining a first heating temperature difference value based on the target heating temperature of the battery and the current battery temperature;
and the second calculating unit is used for determining the first battery heating time length based on the first heating temperature difference and the current heating rate.
11. The battery heating apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising:
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the current battery temperature if the battery in the battery management system is in a charging process or a discharging process;
a third determining unit, configured to determine, if the current battery temperature is less than a threshold, a second battery heating duration based on a preset heating temperature, the current heating rate, and the current battery temperature;
and the sending unit is used for sending the preset heating temperature and the second battery heating time to the heating system so that the heating system heats the battery.
12. The battery heating apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the ambient temperature of the battery in real time;
and the pause unit is used for not heating the battery if the environment temperature is greater than the calibration temperature.
13. The battery heating apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising a stop heating unit for:
after the heating system heats the battery, if the current battery temperature or the heating time of the battery reaches a preset condition, a heating stopping instruction is sent to the heating system.
14. Battery heating device according to any of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the heating system is a diesel heating system.
15. An electric vehicle, comprising: a battery heating apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 14.
16. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the battery heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
17. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the battery heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN114619925B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-08-25 | 重庆金康赛力斯新能源汽车设计院有限公司 | Low-temperature quick-charging heating method, device, equipment and storage medium for lithium ion battery |
| CN116061766B (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-06-27 | 成都赛力斯科技有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for heating interior of automobile battery |
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| CN111251944B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-04-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Vehicle, reservation management system thereof, reservation system thereof, and reservation management method thereof |
| CN109768352A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of battery method for heating and controlling, device, equipment and the system of electric car |
| CN112319310B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2022-03-25 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Thermal management method of battery pack |
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| CN112109591A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-12-22 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Battery preheating method, vehicle and storage medium |
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