CN117713663A - Multi-spectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion system and method - Google Patents
Multi-spectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117713663A CN117713663A CN202311723785.0A CN202311723785A CN117713663A CN 117713663 A CN117713663 A CN 117713663A CN 202311723785 A CN202311723785 A CN 202311723785A CN 117713663 A CN117713663 A CN 117713663A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar photoelectric conversion system and a method integrated in a multispectral region, which relate to the technical field of solar power generation, and the solar photoelectric conversion system comprises a light condensing module for condensing sunlight; secondly, transmitting the converged sunlight by using an optical fiber; dividing sunlight led out from the optical fiber into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions according to the wavelength regions of the spectrum regions; finally, solar energy in each sub-spectrum region is respectively converted into electric energy. Because of adopting focusing and combined integration technology, the effective area of the device is greatly reduced and the full spectrum photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a multispectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion system and a multispectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion method.
Background
Currently, the global non-renewable mineral energy consumption and shortage will limit the economic development, and in the effort to seek green new energy, the development and application of solar devices will be the most important new energy strategy development direction.
Through research and development for more than half a century, silicon-based devices are still the most widely used in solar photoelectric conversion at present due to the restriction of various factors such as material characteristics, process, cost and service life. Under laboratory conditions, single crystal silicon, polysilicon and amorphous silicon cells can reach maximum efficiencies of about 24%, 18% and 12%, respectively, with practical photoelectric conversion efficiencies of commercial devices below laboratory levels, resulting in over 70% of solar energy being underutilized and wasted. This is mainly the indirect band gap band characteristics of such semiconductor materials that limit the improvement in photoelectric conversion efficiency, and it is impossible to change the natural properties of the materials by low cost manual methods in a short period of time.
Certain organic photoelectric devices, although exhibiting superior photoelectric conversion efficiency under laboratory conditions, are limited in popularization and application due to the need of the devices to withstand broad spectrum solar irradiation including ultraviolet light, and to be operated for up to 20 years under severe temperature difference conditions such as four seasons and day and night in the field, and the like, and the severe requirements on service life, environment and the like.
Inorganic compound semiconductor devices based on direct band gap energy band structures generally have high photoelectric conversion efficiency, but the process cost is high, the working spectrum range of a single device is generally narrow, and the device is only applied to a few fields capable of bearing high cost (such as aerospace, national defense, scientific research and the like).
New principles and application studies attempting to break through the above physical limitations are becoming an important point of international academic and industrial efforts, but a breakthrough and practical application of new device development is actually obtained, and long and hard routes are still required, which are difficult to be implemented in a short period of time.
Based on the consideration of comprehensive factors such as material source richness, process maturity, market cost and service life, the current effort in the international industry (such as major international semiconductor equipment manufacturers of American AM company) is to develop amorphous silicon thin film solar devices, and the amorphous silicon thin film solar device has the remarkable advantages of compatibility with microelectronic processes, low material consumption, low cost, long service life, realization of large-scale production and the like, and has the defect that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is lower than 10%.
The energy of sunlight is mainly distributed in the 300-2500nm (nanometer) wave band, and the peak (500 nm) spectrum is concentrated in the visible light region. Due to physical constraints of the band structure of natural or artificial materials, at present, no working area of any single kind of semiconductor photoelectric device can be matched and cover a main spectrum area of solar energy, namely, the distribution of photoelectric conversion efficiency in the solar spectrum area is extremely uneven, the peak conversion efficiency is difficult to match with the solar spectrum, and most of energy from sunlight is transmitted, reflected or converted into heat to be wasted in practical photoelectric conversion application. The conversion efficiency of the conventional solar semiconductor photoelectric conversion device is relatively low, and is generally only about 10%.
Therefore, how to improve the solar photoelectric conversion efficiency is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a solar photoelectric conversion system and method integrated in multiple spectral regions to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-spectral region integrated solar photovoltaic conversion system comprising: the device comprises a light gathering module, a first optical fiber, a partition module, a second optical fiber and a photoelectric conversion module;
the light condensation module is used for condensing sunlight;
the first optical fiber transmits the converged sunlight;
the partition module divides sunlight led out from the first optical fiber into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions according to the wavelength regions of the spectrum regions;
the second optical fiber transmits sunlight in a plurality of sub-spectrum regions output by the partition module to the photoelectric conversion module;
the photoelectric conversion module is used for respectively converting solar energy in each sub-spectrum region into electric energy.
Optionally, the spectral region is 300-2500nm.
Optionally, the light condensation module comprises a first-stage light condensation unit, a second-stage light condensation unit and a bracket; the first-stage light condensation unit and the second-stage light condensation unit are fixed on the bracket and are coupled on a solar incident light path, wherein the first-stage light condensation unit is used for preliminarily converging sunlight; the second-stage light condensing unit is used for condensing the sunlight condensed by the first-stage light condensing unit again; the first optical fiber is coupled with the second-stage light condensing unit.
Optionally, the light condensation module further comprises a first adjusting component and a second adjusting component; the second-stage light condensing unit is connected with the bracket through a first adjusting component, and the first adjusting component adjusts the distance from the second-stage light condensing unit to the first-stage light condensing unit; the second adjusting component is used for adjusting the position of the end face of the first optical fiber on the optical axis of the light condensing module.
Optionally, the partition module is any one of a prism, a grating and a thin film filter, wherein the prism beam splitting satisfies the schlieren wavelength refraction law, the grating beam splitting satisfies the multi-slit wavelength diffraction principle, and the thin film filter beam splitting satisfies the multilayer thin film wavelength interference principle.
Alternatively, solar energy integrated in the multispectral region can be coupled and transmitted through the second optical fiber with high efficiency.
Optionally, the photoelectric conversion module includes a plurality of photoelectric converters, which respectively convert solar energy in each sub-spectrum region.
A multi-spectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion method, comprising:
concentrating sunlight;
transmitting the converged sunlight by using a first optical fiber;
dividing sunlight led out from the first optical fiber into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions according to the wavelength regions set by the partition module;
solar energy in each sub-spectral region is converted into electrical energy by high efficiency coupling and transmission of the second optical fiber, respectively.
Optionally, the spectral region is 300-2500nm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a solar photoelectric conversion system and a method integrating multiple spectral regions, which are characterized in that sunlight is converged through a light condensing module; secondly, transmitting the converged sunlight by using a first optical fiber; transmitting sunlight led out from the first optical fiber to a beam splitter, and dividing the sunlight into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions according to the wavelength regions of the spectrum regions; and then, solar energy in each sub-spectrum region is transmitted to a corresponding high-efficiency photoelectric converter through a second optical fiber. Finally, solar energy in each sub-spectrum region is respectively converted into electric energy. Because of adopting focusing and combined integration technology, the effective area of the device is greatly reduced and the full spectrum photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system provided by the present invention;
wherein, 1-a first light condensing unit; 2-a bracket; 3-a second light condensing unit; 4-a first adjustment assembly; 5-a second adjustment assembly; 6-a first optical fiber; 7-partitioning module; 8-a second optical fiber; 9-photoelectric conversion module.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention discloses a solar photoelectric conversion system integrated in a multispectral region, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which comprises: a light condensing module, a first optical fiber 6, a partition module 7, a second optical fiber 8 and a photoelectric conversion module 9;
a light condensing module for condensing sunlight;
a first optical fiber 6 for transmitting the concentrated sunlight;
a partitioning module 7 for dividing sunlight guided from the optical fiber into a plurality of sub-spectral regions according to wavelength regions of the spectral regions;
a second optical fiber 8 for transmitting the split sub-spectrum sunlight;
the photoelectric conversion module 9 converts solar energy in each sub-spectral region into electric energy.
In the above system, the key is the idea of partitioning the solar main spectral region. The combined light splitting module is used for dividing the main spectrum region of sunlight into 300-2500nm into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions, so that the method is easy to realize; because the range of each sub-spectrum region is smaller, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the sub-photoelectric conversion module for the sub-spectrum region can reach high, and can reach more than 60 percent generally. Finally, all the sub photoelectric conversion modules are combined and integrated to obtain the photoelectric conversion of the full solar energy, and the conversion efficiency is above 60%.
In a specific embodiment, the light condensing module comprises a first-stage light condensing unit 1, a second-stage light condensing unit 3 and a bracket 2; the first-stage light-gathering unit 1 and the second-stage light-gathering unit 3 are fixed on the bracket 2 and are coupled on a solar incident light path, and specifically, a light-receiving surface of the second-stage light-gathering unit 3 is positioned near a focus of the first-stage light-gathering unit 1 so as to meet the limit of being capable of fully receiving visible light gathered by the first-stage light-gathering unit 1. The first-stage light condensing unit 1 is used for preliminarily condensing sunlight; the second-stage light condensing unit 3 is used for condensing the sunlight condensed by the first-stage light condensing unit 1 again, and the two light condensing units form a coupling relationship of two-stage cascade condensation. The first optical fiber is coupled with the second-stage light condensing unit 3 and is used for transmitting the sunlight converged by the second-stage light condensing unit 3. The coupling relationship and principle here are similar to those of the first-stage condensing unit 1 and the second-stage condensing unit 3. Under the coupling condition, the central axes of the first-stage light condensing unit 1, the second-stage light condensing unit 3 and the optical fibers are collinear.
In a specific embodiment, in order to ensure the coupling stability of the first-stage light condensing unit 1 and the second-stage light condensing unit 3, and avoid the situation that the coupling effect of the first-stage light condensing unit 1 and the second-stage light condensing unit 3 is poor due to accumulated errors or environmental changes, the light condensing module further comprises a first adjusting component 4, the second-stage light condensing unit 3 is connected with the bracket 2 through the first adjusting component 3, and the first adjusting component 4 is used for adjusting the distance from the second-stage light condensing unit 3 to the first-stage light condensing unit 1. Specifically, the first adjusting component 4 includes an adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is fixedly connected with the bracket 2 and is in threaded connection with the second-stage condensing unit 3.
Preferably, the condensing module 7 may further comprise a second adjusting component 5, and the second adjusting component 5 is used for adjusting the position of the first fiber end face on the optical axis of the condensing module. The first-stage condensing unit 1 is a Fresnel lens; the second stage condensing unit 3 is an optical fiber collimator. In order to avoid damage to the optical fibers by the concentrated sunlight, the first optical fiber 6 and the second optical fiber 8 adopt high-temperature resistant quartz optical fibers. In particular, the second adjusting assembly 5 comprises a set screw for fixing the position of the optical fiber. When the set screw is released, the optical fiber can move freely in the optical axis direction, and when moved to a proper position, can be fixed by the set screw.
In a specific embodiment, the partition module 7 is any one of a prism, a grating and a thin film filter, wherein the prism beam splitting satisfies the schlieren's law of refraction, the grating beam splitting satisfies the multi-slit wavelength diffraction principle, and the thin film filter beam splitting satisfies the multi-layer thin film wavelength interference principle.
The specific partition module 7 is in a prism-grating-prism form, the grating is a reflective plane grating, and the first prism and the second prism are respectively distributed at the front and the rear of the plane reflective grating. In the optical design software, one side of the prism can be set as an inclined plane, the inclined angle is set as an optimization amount, and a spectrum bending optimization target is set in an optimization function to perform automatic optimization. The two prisms are respectively arranged in front of and behind the plane grating, and the vertex angle values of the prisms are used for correcting the spectrum bending of the partition module.
In a specific embodiment, the photoelectric conversion module 9 includes a plurality of photoelectric converters that respectively convert solar energy in each sub-spectral region. Specifically, a plurality of compound semiconductor photoelectric conversion devices with direct band gap structures can be respectively adopted, the working wavelength region corresponds to each sub-spectrum region of sunlight, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device can be more than or equal to 60% due to the fact that the device works in a narrower spectrum region, and solar energy in each sub-spectrum region is respectively converted into electric energy with high efficiency. The spectrum partitions and the photoelectric conversion devices are combined and integrated together, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the full solar spectrum region is more than or equal to 60%.
Although the high-efficiency photoelectric conversion device has higher device cost per unit area, the area of the high-efficiency photoelectric conversion device is far smaller than that of the low-efficiency silicon-based photoelectric device by adopting methods such as optical focusing, optical fiber light guiding and the like, the actual device cost is not increased greatly, but the collection of sunlight and the photoelectric conversion efficiency are improved by times, and a very high figure-of-merit factor can be obtained, which is difficult to achieve by adopting single silicon-based photoelectric devices and the like.
In another aspect, a method for solar photoelectric conversion integrated in a multispectral region is provided, including:
concentrating sunlight;
transmitting the converged sunlight by using a first optical fiber;
dividing sunlight led out from the first optical fiber into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions according to the wavelength regions set by the partition module;
sunlight in each sub-spectrum region is transmitted to the sub-photoelectric converter through the second optical fiber respectively and converted into electric energy.
In a specific embodiment, the spectral region is 300-2500nm.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-spectral region integrated solar photovoltaic conversion system, comprising: the device comprises a light gathering module, a first optical fiber, a partition module, a second optical fiber and a photoelectric conversion module;
the light condensation module is used for condensing sunlight;
the first optical fiber transmits the converged sunlight;
the partition module divides sunlight led out from the first optical fiber into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions according to the wavelength regions of the spectrum regions;
the second optical fiber transmits sunlight in a plurality of sub-spectrum regions output by the partition module to the photoelectric conversion module;
the photoelectric conversion module is used for respectively converting solar energy in each sub-spectrum region into electric energy.
2. A multi-spectral region integrated solar photovoltaic conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the spectral region is 300-2500nm.
3. The multi-spectral integrated solar photovoltaic conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the concentrating module comprises a first stage concentrating unit, a second stage concentrating unit, and a support; the first-stage light condensation unit and the second-stage light condensation unit are fixed on the bracket and are coupled on a solar incident light path, wherein the first-stage light condensation unit is used for preliminarily converging sunlight; the second-stage light condensing unit is used for condensing the sunlight condensed by the first-stage light condensing unit again; the first optical fiber is coupled with the second-stage light condensing unit.
4. A multi-spectral region integrated solar photovoltaic conversion system according to claim 3, wherein the concentrator module further comprises a first conditioning assembly, a second conditioning assembly; the second-stage light condensing unit is connected with the bracket through a first adjusting component, and the first adjusting component adjusts the distance from the second-stage light condensing unit to the first-stage light condensing unit; the second adjusting component is used for adjusting the position of the end face of the first optical fiber on the optical axis of the light condensing module.
5. The solar photoelectric conversion system integrated in a multispectral region according to claim 1, wherein the partition module is any one of a prism, a grating and a thin film filter, wherein prism splitting satisfies the schlieren's law of refraction, grating splitting satisfies the principle of multi-slit wavelength diffraction, and thin film filter splitting satisfies the principle of multi-layer thin film wavelength interference.
6. The multi-spectral region integrated solar fiber optic transmission system of claim 1, wherein the second optical fiber is configured to efficiently couple and transmit solar energy integrated in the plurality of sub-spectral regions.
7. The multi-spectral integrated solar photovoltaic conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic conversion module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic converters for converting solar energy in each sub-spectral region.
8. A multi-spectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion method, comprising:
concentrating sunlight;
transmitting the converged sunlight by using a first optical fiber;
dividing sunlight led out from the first optical fiber into a plurality of sub-spectrum regions according to the wavelength regions set by the partition module;
solar energy in each sub-spectral region is converted into electrical energy by high efficiency coupling and transmission of the second optical fiber, respectively.
9. A multi-spectral region integrated solar photovoltaic conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the spectral region is 300-2500nm.
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| CN202311723785.0A CN117713663A (en) | 2023-12-14 | 2023-12-14 | Multi-spectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion system and method |
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| CN202311723785.0A CN117713663A (en) | 2023-12-14 | 2023-12-14 | Multi-spectral region integrated solar photoelectric conversion system and method |
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