CN117713581A - Method and device for operating a pulse-width modulation inverter - Google Patents

Method and device for operating a pulse-width modulation inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117713581A
CN117713581A CN202311177349.8A CN202311177349A CN117713581A CN 117713581 A CN117713581 A CN 117713581A CN 202311177349 A CN202311177349 A CN 202311177349A CN 117713581 A CN117713581 A CN 117713581A
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China
Prior art keywords
modulation method
limit value
pulse
modulation
inverter
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CN202311177349.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
R·拉蒂
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Volkswagen Automotive Co ltd
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Volkswagen Automotive Co ltd
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Publication of CN117713581A publication Critical patent/CN117713581A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/16—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles comprising converters between the power source and the motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
    • H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
    • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the waveform of the supplied voltage or current
    • H02P2209/13—Different type of waveforms depending on the mode of operation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is thatA method and a suitable device for operating a pulse inverter (6) are described, wherein the pulse inverter (6) is connected to a battery (3) on the input side, wherein the pulse inverter (6) is connected to an electric machine (7) on the output side, wherein the pulse inverter (6) is assigned a microprocessor (8) by means of which the pulse inverter (6) can be actuated by means of at least one first modulation method (M1) or by means of at least one second modulation method (M2), wherein the switching between the at least one first modulation method (M1) or the at least one second modulation method (M2) is dependent on the alternating voltage frequency (f) for the pulse inverter (6) A ) At least one limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) In contrast, a device (4) is associated with the battery (3), by means of which the internal resistance (R) of the battery (3) can be determined i ) Wherein is dependent on internal resistance (R i ) Move limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) Wherein the frequency (f) of the alternating voltage at the pulse inverter (6) A ) At the limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) The first modulation method (M1) is used in the following case and at the limit value (f G ,f GO ,f GU ) The second modulation method (M2) is used in the above.

Description

Method and device for operating a pulse-width modulation inverter
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for operating a pulse inverter, in particular in a traction network of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
Background
One problem with pulse inverters is that they generate a voltage ripple (span swelligkeit), wherein the magnitude of the voltage ripple is furthermore dependent on the modulation method used.
In practice, the following modulation methods have been proven and should be regarded as prior art: space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM, space vector modulation), discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM, discontinuous space vector modulation), fundamental frequency control (FFC, also known as block timing), and synchronous switching (synchronous timing). The last two mentioned results in a very efficient operation of the inverter, since the beat frequency corresponds only to the fundamental frequency or a multiple of the fundamental frequency, which is usually at maximum 1000Hz. However, these methods cannot be used in case the fundamental frequency is very low, because the generated voltage ripple becomes too large. In the case of these fundamental frequencies, modulation methods SVPWM and DPWM are preferably used.
The fundamental frequency corresponds here to the ac voltage frequency at the output of the pulse inverter. In order to meet the voltage ripple requirement, the operation is performed with worst-case boundary conditions, and a specific impedance of the traction network is assumed, for example, and the size of the intermediate circuit capacitor and the modulation method and the clock frequency in the respective operating point are determined therefrom.
A method for operating a transformer which is operated with pulse width modulation is known from US2018/0059191 A1. It is further proposed herein that: the internal resistance of the battery is detected by means of impedance spectroscopy and the parameters of the transformer are adapted depending on the determined internal resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is based on the object of further improving a method for operating a pulse-width modulation inverter and creating a suitable device.
The solution to this problem is achieved by a method according to the invention and by a device according to the invention.
A method for operating a pulse-width modulation inverter is proposed, wherein the pulse-width modulation inverter is connected to a battery on the input side and to an electric motor on the output side. The pulse inverter may drive the motor or charge a battery during a generating operation of the motor. The pulse inverter is assigned a microprocessor, by means of which the pulse inverter can be actuated by means of at least one first modulation method or by means of at least one second modulation method, wherein the switching between the at least one first modulation method or the at least one second modulation method is effected as a function of at least one limit value for the ac voltage frequency of the pulse inverter, wherein a device is assigned to the battery, by means of which the internal resistance of the battery can be determined, wherein the limit value is moved as a function of the internal resistance, wherein the first modulation method is used when the ac voltage frequency of the pulse inverter is below the limit value and the second modulation method is used when above the limit value. Thus, the pulse inverter can be operated more frequently with a more energy efficient modulation method. If the internal resistance decreases, the limit value is shifted in the direction of the lower ac voltage frequency, so that the second modulation method can be used over a larger operating range. The device for determining the internal resistance preferably uses impedance spectroscopy, since the determination is particularly simple during continuous operation. The microprocessor may also be integrated in the pulse inverter.
In one embodiment, the at least one first modulation method is space vector modulation and/or discontinuous space vector modulation and/or the at least one second modulation method is synchronous timing and/or block timing.
In another embodiment, the limit value is configured with hysteresis, so that the modulation method is prevented from being changed too frequently in a range around the limit value.
In a further embodiment, the beat frequency of the at least one first modulation method is adapted as a function of the internal resistance, and is further preferably reduced with an increase in the internal resistance, so that switching losses can be reduced.
A preferred field of application of the invention is in traction networks for electric or hybrid vehicles.
Drawings
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. Wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a traction network of an electric or hybrid vehicle, and
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the torque of the electric machine with respect to the ac voltage frequency of the pulse-width modulation inverter.
Detailed Description
A schematic block diagram of a traction network of an electric or hybrid vehicle is shown in fig. 1. The traction network 1 has a battery unit 2 with at least one battery 3 and a device 4 for impedance spectrum analysis, by means of which the internal resistance R of the battery can be determined in addition i . Internal resistance R i Depending on different parameters such as SOC and temperature. Furthermore, a main contactor 5, an intermediate circuit capacitor C, a pulse inverter 6 and a motor 7 are shown. The intermediate circuit capacitor C may also be integrated in the pulse inverter 6. In this case, during motor operation of the electric machine 7, the battery 3 is connected on the input side to a pulse inverter 6 which is connected on the output side to the electric machine 7, wherein the pulse inverter 6 is provided on its output with an ac voltage frequency f A For use with a three-phase ac voltage. The alternating voltage frequency f A Proportional to the rotational speed of the motor 7. In the recovery operation, the pulse inverter 6 converts the ac voltage of the motor 7 into a dc voltage to charge the battery.
Furthermore, the traction network1 has a microprocessor 8, by means of which the pulse inverter 6 can be operated with at least one first modulation method M1 or with at least one second modulation method M2. The microprocessor 8 can also be integrated in the pulse inverter 6. To implement the modulation method, microprocessor 8 operates a driver module (treiberbustaine), not shown, which then generates the actual control signals for the transistors of pulse inverter 6. Here, the upper control unit requests the operating point of the motor 7. Depending on the desired ac voltage frequency f A The microprocessor 8 then selects either the first modulation method M1 or the second modulation method M2. For this purpose, the microprocessor 8 stores a frequency f for the ac voltage A Is of the limit value f G . In order to now prevent frequent changes of the modulation method M1, M2, at the limit value f G Surrounding determination of an upper limit value f GO And a lower limit value f GU By means of which hysteresis is achieved. At the upper limit value f GO The second modulation method M2 is always used above and at the lower limit value f GU The first modulation method M1 is always used below and is selected between them depending on the direction in which the ac voltage frequency is moved (i.e. whether the ac voltage frequency falls or rises). Additionally, the microprocessor 8 depends on the internal resistance R i To change the limit value f G Upper limit value f GO And a lower limit value f GU Wherein, the internal resistance R i In the case of a decrease, the limit value f G ,f GO ,f GU Moving to a lower frequency, so that in normal circumstances it is possible to operate longer with the second modulation method M2, this improves efficiency. In addition, it can be provided here that at 0 and a lower limit value f GU The frequency range in between comprises a further limit value below which the first modulation method is used and above which the further first modulation method is used. For example, the first modulation method is space vector modulation, and the further first modulation method is discontinuous space vector modulation. The second modulation method M2 is, for example, synchronous timing or block timing. Furthermore, it can additionally be provided that, as a function of the internal resistance R i To adapt the beat frequency in the first modulation method.
List of reference numerals
1) Traction network
2) Battery cell
3) Battery cell
4) Apparatus and method for controlling the operation of a device
5) Main contactor
6) Pulse inverter
7) Motor with a motor housing
8) Microprocessor
C) Intermediate circuit capacitor
f A ) Ac voltage frequency
f G ) Limiting value
f GO ) Upper limit value
f GU ) Lower limit value
M1) first modulation method
M2) second modulation method
R i ) Internal resistance of

Claims (8)

1. A method for operating a pulse-width modulation inverter (6), wherein the pulse-width modulation inverter (6) is connected to a battery (3) on the input side, wherein the pulse-width modulation inverter (6) is connected to an electric machine (7) on the output side, wherein the pulse-width modulation inverter (6) is assigned a microprocessor (8) by means of which the pulse-width modulation inverter (6) can be actuated by means of at least one first modulation method (M1) or by means of at least one second modulation method (M2), wherein the switching between the at least one first modulation method (M1) or the at least one second modulation method (M2) is dependent on an ac voltage frequency (f) for the pulse-width modulation inverter (6) A ) At least one limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) In contrast, the battery (3) is associated with a device (4) by means of which the internal resistance (R) of the battery (3) can be determined i ) Wherein, depending on the internal resistance (R i ) To move the limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) Wherein the frequency (f) of the alternating voltage at the pulse inverter (6) A ) At the limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) The following are the followingWhen using a first modulation method (M1) and at said limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) The second modulation method (M2) is used in the above.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one first modulation method (M1) is space vector modulation and/or discontinuous space vector modulation and/or the at least one second modulation method (M2) is synchronous timing and/or block timing.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the limit value is constructed with an upper limit value (f GO ) And lower limit value (f) GU ) Is a hysteresis of (a).
4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, depending on the internal resistance (R i ) To adapt the beat frequency of the at least one first modulation method (M1).
5. Device for operating a pulse inverter (6), wherein the device has at least one battery (3), a pulse inverter (6), an electric motor (7) and a microprocessor (8), wherein the microprocessor (8) is configured such that the pulse inverter (6) is actuated by means of at least one first modulation method (M1) or by means of at least one second modulation method (M2), wherein the switching between the at least one first modulation method (M1) and the at least one second modulation method (M2) is dependent on the alternating voltage frequency (f) for the pulse inverter (6) A ) At least one limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) And wherein the device has a device (4) to which at least one battery (3) is assigned, wherein the device (4) is designed in such a way that the internal resistance (R i ) And transmits it to the microprocessor (8), wherein the internal resistance (R i ) To move the limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) Wherein the alternating voltage at the pulse inverter (6)Frequency (f) A ) At the limit value (f) G ,f GO ,f GU ) The first modulation method (M1) is used in the following and at said limit value (f G ,f GO ,f GU ) The second modulation method (M2) is used in the above.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one first modulation method (M1) is space vector modulation and/or discontinuous space vector modulation and/or the at least one second modulation method (M2) is synchronous timing and/or block timing.
7. The device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the limit value is configured with an upper limit value (f GO ) And lower limit value (f) GU ) Is a hysteresis of (a).
8. The device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the microprocessor (8) is configured such that, depending on the internal resistance (R i ) To adapt at least one beat frequency of said at least one first modulation method (M1).
CN202311177349.8A 2022-09-13 2023-09-13 Method and device for operating a pulse-width modulation inverter Pending CN117713581A (en)

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