CN117711658A - Step decontamination method and decontamination device for radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference - Google Patents
Step decontamination method and decontamination device for radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference Download PDFInfo
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- CN117711658A CN117711658A CN202311710560.1A CN202311710560A CN117711658A CN 117711658 A CN117711658 A CN 117711658A CN 202311710560 A CN202311710560 A CN 202311710560A CN 117711658 A CN117711658 A CN 117711658A
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- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
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- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 7
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive metal decontamination, in particular to a radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference gradient decontamination method and a decontamination device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: sorting the polluted metals according to different types of metals; hanging the polluted metal into a high-temperature oxidation furnace; transferring the cooled polluted metal into a bin of a vibration discharging machine; starting a vibration discharging machine, and uniformly conveying the polluted metal in the storage bin to the chain plate conveyor; the chain plate conveyor conveys the polluted metal into the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine and processes the polluted metal; step, the decontamination of the polluted metal is completed; according to the invention, after different types of polluted metals are sorted, high-temperature oxidation decontamination and shot blasting decontamination are applied according to the category of the metals, so that the primary decontamination, secondary decontamination and deep decontamination of radioactive polluted metals are realized step by step; and the steel shots can be reused by adding dry ice decontamination means to decontaminate the shot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive metal decontamination, in particular to a radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference gradient decontamination method and a decontamination device.
Background
The method mainly uses a long-time centralized temporary storage treatment mode for a considerable amount of radioactive pollution metals generated in the running, maintaining and retirement processes of nuclear facilities in China, so that the method has the radiation safety risk and the radionuclide cross-contamination risk, and potential hidden hazards are brought to social stability and environmental safety.
The decontamination and the recycling are of great significance for minimizing waste, developing recycling economy, promoting healthy development of nuclear industry and the like, and can also relieve the storage capacity pressure of a temporary waste warehouse, reduce the risk of waste transportation safety, reduce the final radioactive waste disposal cost and influence on environmental safety.
Currently, single decontamination techniques are quite mature, such as: cerium (IV)/nitric acid cycle decontamination techniques, ultrasonic chemical decontamination techniques, foam decontamination techniques, electrochemical decontamination techniques, laser decontamination techniques, high pressure water decontamination techniques, sand blast decontamination techniques, and the like. However, waste metals tend to be of various types, all problems cannot be solved at all by only a voucher technology, and decontamination technology products are complex and no integrated equipment is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of lack of decontamination means for different types of polluted metals, and aims to provide a radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference gradient decontamination method and a decontamination device, which systematically solve the problem of radioactive waste metal decontamination according to the characteristics of different size specifications, different pollution degrees, complex collection and classification work and the like caused by the diversity of radioactive polluted metal sources.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference gradient decontamination method comprises the following steps:
firstly, sorting polluted metals according to different types of metals and radioactivity level;
secondly, hanging the polluted metal into a high-temperature oxidation furnace, and setting different oxidation parameters according to different types, wherein the oxidation parameters comprise: the heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time;
transferring the cooled polluted metal into a bin of a vibration discharging machine, and primarily decontaminating in the transferring process;
fourthly, starting a vibration discharging machine to carry out secondary decontamination, and uniformly conveying the polluted metal in the storage bin to the chain plate conveyor;
fifthly, conveying the polluted metal into a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine by a chain plate conveyor, and deeply decontaminating the polluted metal according to set parameters;
and sixthly, completing decontamination of the polluted metal, removing the polluted metal from the squirrel cage shot blasting machine, and collecting the radioactive oxide to a waste collector.
Seventh, moving the steel shots in the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine to a steel shot screening device, and carrying out radioactive detection on the steel shots in the steel shot screening device;
if the radioactive dose of the steel shot does not exceed the set value, returning the steel shot to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine;
if the radioactive dose of the steel shot exceeds a set value, conveying the steel shot to a steel shot cleaning machine;
and eighth, performing high-pressure dry ice spraying on the steel shots in the steel shot cleaning machine to remove pollutants on the surfaces of the steel shots, and returning the steel shots to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine after decontamination is completed.
Specifically, in the first step, the polluted metal is cut according to different types of the polluted metal, and the size of the polluted metal after cutting is matched with that of a high-temperature oxidation furnace and a shot blasting machine.
Specifically, in the second step, if the pollution metal is radioactive pollution copper, the heat preservation temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3.5 hours;
if the polluted metal is radioactive polluted carbon steel, the heat preservation temperature is 850-1150 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3.5 h;
if the polluted metal is radioactive polluted stainless steel, the heat preservation temperature is 1100-1300 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3.5 h.
Optionally, in the heat preservation process, air is purged into the high-temperature oxidation furnace, and after the heat preservation time is reached, the air is naturally cooled to normal temperature.
Specifically, in the third step, the cooled polluted metal is moved to a bottom discharge hopper, the bottom discharge hopper is lifted to the position above a bin of a vibration discharging machine, the polluted metal is filled into the bin, and the frequency of the vibration discharging machine is 600-1200 times/min;
one end of the chain plate conveyor is arranged below a discharge hole of the vibration discharging machine, and the other end of the chain plate conveyor is connected with a conveying belt in the shot blasting machine;
a waste collector is arranged below the chain plate conveyor, and gaps for the radioactive oxide to pass through are arranged between the chain plates of the chain plate conveyor.
Specifically, in the fifth step, the internal air pressure of the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine is not more than 0.8Mpa, the treatment time is 5-7 min, and the included angle of a conveying belt in the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine is 90-150 degrees;
the negative pressure outlet of the squirrel-cage shot-blasting machine is communicated with the waste collector, and radioactive oxides inside the squirrel-cage shot-blasting machine are collected to the waste collector through the negative pressure outlet.
Specifically, in the eighth step, detecting the integrity of the decontaminated steel shot, and if the integrity of the steel shot is lower than a standard value, heating and dehumidifying the steel shot, and then conveying the steel shot to a waste collector;
and if the integrity of the steel shot is not lower than the standard value, heating and dehumidifying the steel shot, and then conveying the steel shot to a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine.
Specifically, the waste collector includes:
a collection box for maintaining negative pressure through a nuclear-grade exhaust system;
and the feeding pipe is designed into an S shape, one end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the collecting box, and the other end of the feeding pipe is used for receiving radioactive oxide and steel shots.
A radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference gradient decontamination device, comprising: the device comprises a cutting device, a high-temperature oxidation furnace, a vibration blanking machine, a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine and a waste collector, wherein after being cut by the cutting device, polluted metal in the high-temperature oxidation furnace is hung into the high-temperature oxidation furnace, the polluted metal in the vibration blanking machine is transported to the vibration blanking machine through a bottom discharge hopper and a traveling crane, and the polluted metal in the vibration blanking machine is transported to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine through a chain plate conveyor;
the radioactive pollutants discharged by the bottom discharge hopper, the radioactive pollutants discharged by the chain plate conveyor and the radioactive pollutants discharged by the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine are discharged to the waste collector;
still include steel shot screener and steel shot cleaning machine, the steel shot of squirrel-cage shot blasting machine is carried extremely the steel shot screener, the first export of steel shot screener passes through screw conveyer and squirrel-cage shot blasting machine intercommunication, the second export of steel shot screener pass through screw conveyer with steel shot cleaning machine intercommunication, the export of steel shot cleaning machine passes through screw conveyer and squirrel-cage shot blasting machine intercommunication, radioactive contaminant in the steel shot cleaning machine discharges to waste collector.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the invention, after different types of polluted metals are sorted, high-temperature oxidation decontamination and shot blasting decontamination are applied according to the category of the metals, so that the primary decontamination, secondary decontamination and deep decontamination of radioactive polluted metals are realized step by step; and the steel shots can be reused by adding dry ice decontamination means to decontaminate the shot.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference gradient decontamination method according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the substances, and not restrictive of the invention.
It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
Embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for decontaminating a radioactive metal solid phase by using a temperature difference gradient, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, sorting polluted metals according to different types of metals and radioactivity level; cutting the polluted metal according to different types of the polluted metal, wherein the size of the polluted metal after cutting is matched with that of a high-temperature oxidation furnace and a shot blasting machine.
Sorting is performed according to different types of metals such as stainless steel, carbon steel, copper and the like. After sorting, the radioactivity of the metal to be retired is measured by adopting a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer, an alpha beta surface contamination meter, a gamma nuclide identifier, a gamma dosage rate on-line monitor and the like.
And (3) screening out radioactive metals from the metal to be retired, namely obtaining the metal to be decontaminated, and cutting by adopting cold and hot cutting methods such as a door saw, an electric reciprocating saw, hydraulic shearing, a diamond saw, plasma cutting and the like according to the type of the metal to be decontaminated.
The size after cutting is adapted to the size of the high-temperature oxidation furnace and the decontamination of the squirrel-cage shot blasting, the length and width of the plate-shaped material are not more than 260mm, the thickness is not more than 50mm, and the length, width and height of the three-dimensional material are not more than 200mm.
Secondly, hanging the polluted metal into a high-temperature oxidation furnace, and setting different oxidation parameters according to different types, wherein the oxidation parameters comprise: the heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time. In the heat preservation process, air is purged into the high-temperature oxidation furnace, and after the heat preservation time is reached, the air is naturally cooled to normal temperature.
The high-temperature oxidation furnace is heated at a rate of 5-10 ℃ per minute, specifically, any temperature of 5 ℃, 5.5 ℃, 6 ℃, 6.5 ℃, 7 ℃, 7.5 ℃, 8 ℃, 8.5 ℃, 9 ℃, 9.5 ℃, 10 ℃ and the like can be selected, or different heating rates can be selected according to time.
The heat preservation time is 1.5 h-3.5 h, and any time such as 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h and the like can be selected according to specific conditions.
If the contaminated metal is radioactive contaminated copper, the temperature is 400-600deg.C, and the temperature can be arbitrarily selected from 400-600deg.C, 425-450deg.C, 475-500deg.C, 525-55deg.C, 575-600deg.C, etc.
If the contaminated metal is radioactive contaminated carbon steel, the temperature is 850-1150 ℃, and any temperature such as 850 ℃, 925 ℃, 950 ℃, 975 ℃, 1000 ℃, 1025 ℃, 1050 ℃, 1075 ℃ 1100 ℃ can be selected according to specific conditions.
If the contaminated metal is radioactive contaminated stainless steel, the heat preservation temperature is 1100-1300 ℃, and any temperature such as 1100 ℃, 1125 ℃, 1150 ℃, 1175 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1225 ℃, 1250 ℃, 1275 ℃ and 600 ℃ can be selected according to specific conditions.
Thirdly, transferring the cooled polluted metal into a bin of a vibration discharging machine; the cooled pollution metal is moved to a bottom discharge hopper, the bottom discharge hopper is lifted to the position above a feed bin of a vibration discharging machine, and then the pollution metal is filled into the feed bin;
because the thermal expansion coefficients of the metal and the oxide are different, the oxide is easy to fall off after natural cooling, and the polluted metal can shake in the transferring process, so that the radioactive oxide on the surface of the polluted metal falls off from the polluted metal, and the primary decontamination is realized. And (5) placing the cooled radioactive pollution metal into a bottom discharge type loading hopper, and lifting the radioactive pollution metal to a storage bin of a vibration discharging machine for temporary storage through a crane. Bottom discharge funnel length x width x height dimension: the dimensions of the bin are 1000mm by 1000mm, length by width and height by 1200mm.
The frequency of the vibration discharging machine is 600-1200 times/min, and any frequency such as 600 times/min, 650 times/min, 700 times/min, 750 times/min, 800 times/min, 850 times/min, 900 times/min, 950 times/min, 1000 times/min, 1050 times/min, 1100 times/min, 1150 times/min, 1200 times/min and the like can be selected according to specific conditions.
Fourthly, starting a vibration discharging machine to carry out secondary decontamination, and uniformly conveying the polluted metal in the storage bin to the chain plate conveyor; starting a vibration discharging machine (the outline dimension is 1600 multiplied by 1200 multiplied by 500 mm), and uniformly conveying radioactive pollution metals in a storage bin to a chain plate type conveyor under the action of the vibration discharging machine. And part of metal oxide falls into a waste collector below through holes on the chain plate conveyor, so that the radioactive pollution metal is secondarily decontaminated.
Fifthly, conveying the polluted metal into a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine by a chain plate conveyor, and deeply decontaminating the polluted metal according to set parameters; one end of the chain plate conveyor is arranged below a discharge hole of the vibration discharging machine, and the other end of the chain plate conveyor is connected with a conveying belt in the shot blasting machine; a waste collector is arranged below the chain plate conveyor, and gaps for the radioactive oxide to pass through are arranged between the chain plates of the chain plate conveyor.
The radioactive oxide on the chain plate conveyor is conveyed into a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine, and the air pressure in the shot blasting machine is not more than 0.8MPa. The dimension of the shot blasting machine is 1500 multiplied by 2500mm, the processing capacity of each shot blasting machine is 50-70 kg, and the processing time is about 5-7 min. The included angle of the conveying belt in the shot blasting machine is between 90 and 150 degrees, so that the material can be automatically turned over to realize deep decontamination in the transmission process of shot blasting.
And sixthly, completing decontamination of the polluted metal, removing the polluted metal from the squirrel cage shot blasting machine, and collecting the radioactive oxide to a waste collector. The negative pressure outlet of the squirrel-cage shot-blasting machine is communicated with the waste collector, and radioactive oxides inside the squirrel-cage shot-blasting machine are collected to the waste collector through the negative pressure outlet.
Seventh, moving the steel shots in the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine to a steel shot screening device, and carrying out radioactive detection on the steel shots in the steel shot screening device;
if the radioactive dose of the steel shot does not exceed the set value, returning the steel shot to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine;
if the radioactive dose of the steel shot exceeds a set value (generally 5-8 times are utilized), conveying the steel shot to a steel shot cleaning machine;
eighth, performing high-pressure dry ice spraying on the steel shot in the steel shot cleaning machine to remove pollutants on the surface of the steel shot, detecting the integrity of the decontaminated steel shot after decontamination, and if the integrity of the steel shot is lower than a standard value, heating and dehumidifying the steel shot and then conveying the steel shot to a waste collector;
and if the integrity of the steel shot is not lower than the standard value, heating and dehumidifying the steel shot, and then conveying the steel shot to a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine.
The steel shot can be cleaned at one time in a steel shot cleaning machine from 400g to 1000 g. The high-pressure dry ice injection realizes the cleaning and separation of the severe disturbance of the steel shot and the surface pollutant. Surface contaminants enter the waste collector under negative pressure through the underlying mesh.
Deformation and fracture of the steel shot subjected to repeated decontamination of radioactive metals are not suitable for continuous use any more. Screening and separating in a steel shot cleaning machine, and enabling the broken steel shot to enter a waste collector to serve as waste metal; the steel shots with regular shapes and proper sizes are conveyed into a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine for multiplexing through a screw conveyer. Due to the increased humidity of the steel shot after cleaning, the screw conveyor is provided with a heating function, dehumidification is performed by negative pressure of the waste collector, and waste gas enters the waste collector.
Example two
The embodiment provides a radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference step decontamination device, including: the device comprises a cutting device, a high-temperature oxidation furnace, a vibration discharging machine, a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine and a waste collector, wherein the contaminated metal is suspended into the high-temperature oxidation furnace after being cut by the cutting device, the contaminated metal in the high-temperature oxidation furnace is transported to the vibration discharging machine through a bottom discharge hopper and a traveling crane, and the contaminated metal in the vibration discharging machine is transported to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine through a chain plate conveyor;
the radioactive pollutants discharged by the bottom discharge hopper, the radioactive pollutants discharged by the chain plate conveyor and the radioactive pollutants discharged by the squirrel cage shot blasting machine are discharged to a waste collector;
still include steel shot screener and steel shot cleaning machine, the steel shot of squirrel-cage shot blasting machine is carried to the steel shot screener, and the first export of steel shot screener passes through screw conveyer and squirrel-cage shot blasting machine intercommunication, and the second export of steel shot screener passes through screw conveyer and steel shot cleaning machine intercommunication, and the export of steel shot cleaning machine passes through screw conveyer and squirrel-cage shot blasting machine intercommunication, and the radioactive contaminant in the steel shot cleaning machine discharges to the garbage collector.
The waste collector comprises: the collecting box which keeps negative pressure through the nuclear grade exhaust system and the feeding pipe which is designed into an S shape are communicated, one end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the collecting box, the other end of the feeding pipe is used for receiving the radioactive oxide and the steel shots, and the feeding pipe can simultaneously enter waste materials and waste gases.
The device realizes the step decontamination and the recycling of the decontaminated steel shots of the radioactive contaminated metal. The radioactive polluted metal is oxidized at high temperature and air is purged into the furnace, and preliminary decontamination is realized by falling off in the transportation of the oxide. And part of metal oxide falls into a waste collector below through the holes on the chain plate conveyor through vibration type feeding to realize secondary decontamination.
The squirrel-cage type shot blasting machine automatically overturns shot blasting decontamination to realize deep decontamination.
The steel shots are screened through steel shot radioactivity detection, and are cleaned in a steel shot cleaner and separated from surface pollutants. And (3) through screening reusable and non-reusable steel shots, the reusable steel shots are heated and dehumidified, and then decontamination and recycling are realized.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment/manner," "some embodiments/manner," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/manner or example is included in at least one embodiment/manner or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment/manner or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/modes or examples described in this specification and the features of the various embodiments/modes or examples can be combined and combined by persons skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other variations or modifications of the above-described invention will be apparent to those of skill in the art, and are still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference gradient decontamination method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, sorting polluted metals according to different types of metals and radioactivity level;
secondly, hanging the polluted metal into a high-temperature oxidation furnace, and setting different oxidation parameters according to different types, wherein the oxidation parameters comprise: the heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time;
transferring the cooled polluted metal into a bin of a vibration discharging machine, and primarily decontaminating in the transferring process;
fourthly, starting a vibration discharging machine to carry out secondary decontamination, and uniformly conveying the polluted metal in the storage bin to the chain plate conveyor;
fifthly, conveying the polluted metal into a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine by a chain plate conveyor, and deeply decontaminating the polluted metal according to set parameters;
and sixthly, completing decontamination of the polluted metal, removing the polluted metal from the squirrel cage shot blasting machine, and collecting the radioactive oxide to a waste collector.
2. The method for decontaminating the radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference step according to claim 1, wherein the seventh step is to move the steel shot in the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine to a steel shot screener, and to detect the radioactivity of the steel shot in the steel shot screener;
if the radioactive dose of the steel shot does not exceed the set value, returning the steel shot to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine;
if the radioactive dose of the steel shot exceeds a set value, conveying the steel shot to a steel shot cleaning machine;
and eighth, performing high-pressure dry ice spraying on the steel shots in the steel shot cleaning machine to remove pollutants on the surfaces of the steel shots, and returning the steel shots to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine after decontamination is completed.
3. The method for gradient decontamination of radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference is cut according to different types and radioactivity levels of the polluted metal, and the size of the polluted metal after cutting is matched with that of a high-temperature oxidation furnace and a shot blasting machine.
4. The method for decontaminating the radioactive metal solid phase in a gradient manner according to the temperature difference of claim 1, wherein in the second step, if the contaminated metal is radioactive contaminated copper, the heat preservation temperature is 400-600 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3.5 h;
if the polluted metal is radioactive polluted carbon steel, the heat preservation temperature is 850-1150 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3.5 h;
if the polluted metal is radioactive polluted stainless steel, the heat preservation temperature is 1100-1300 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3.5 h.
5. The method for gradient decontamination of a radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference according to claim 4, wherein air is purged into the high temperature oxidation furnace in the heat preservation process, and the radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference is naturally cooled to normal temperature after the heat preservation time is reached.
6. The method for decontaminating the radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference step according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the cooled polluted metal is moved to a bottom discharge hopper, the bottom discharge hopper is lifted above a bin of a vibration discharger, the polluted metal is filled into the bin, and the frequency of the vibration discharger is 600-1200 times/min;
one end of the chain plate conveyor is arranged below a discharge hole of the vibration discharging machine, and the other end of the chain plate conveyor is connected with a conveying belt in the shot blasting machine;
a waste collector is arranged below the chain plate conveyor, and gaps for the radioactive oxide to pass through are arranged between the chain plates of the chain plate conveyor.
7. The method for decontaminating the radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference step according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the internal air pressure of the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine is not more than 0.8Mpa, the treatment time is 5-7 min, and the included angle of a conveying belt in the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine is 90-150 degrees;
the negative pressure outlet of the squirrel-cage shot-blasting machine is communicated with the waste collector, and radioactive oxides inside the squirrel-cage shot-blasting machine are collected to the waste collector through the negative pressure outlet.
8. The method for gradient decontamination of a radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference according to claim 1, wherein in the eighth step, the integrity of the decontaminated steel shot is detected, and if the integrity of the steel shot is lower than a standard value, the steel shot is heated and dehumidified and then is conveyed to a waste collector;
and if the integrity of the steel shot is not lower than the standard value, heating and dehumidifying the steel shot, and then conveying the steel shot to a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine.
9. The method for gradient decontamination of a radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference of claim 1, wherein the waste collector comprises:
a collection box for maintaining negative pressure through a nuclear-grade exhaust system;
and the feeding pipe is designed into an S shape, one end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the collecting box, and the other end of the feeding pipe is used for receiving radioactive oxide and steel shots.
10. A radioactive metal solid phase temperature difference gradient decontamination device, comprising: the device comprises a cutting device, a high-temperature oxidation furnace, a vibration blanking machine, a squirrel-cage shot blasting machine and a waste collector, wherein after being cut by the cutting device, polluted metal in the high-temperature oxidation furnace is hung into the high-temperature oxidation furnace, the polluted metal in the vibration blanking machine is transported to the vibration blanking machine through a bottom discharge hopper and a traveling crane, and the polluted metal in the vibration blanking machine is transported to the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine through a chain plate conveyor;
the radioactive pollutants discharged by the bottom discharge hopper, the radioactive pollutants discharged by the chain plate conveyor and the radioactive pollutants discharged by the squirrel-cage shot blasting machine are discharged to the waste collector;
still include steel shot screener and steel shot cleaning machine, the steel shot of squirrel-cage shot blasting machine is carried extremely the steel shot screener, the first export of steel shot screener passes through screw conveyer and squirrel-cage shot blasting machine intercommunication, the second export of steel shot screener pass through screw conveyer with steel shot cleaning machine intercommunication, the export of steel shot cleaning machine passes through screw conveyer and squirrel-cage shot blasting machine intercommunication, radioactive contaminant in the steel shot cleaning machine discharges to waste collector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311710560.1A CN117711658A (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Step decontamination method and decontamination device for radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311710560.1A CN117711658A (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Step decontamination method and decontamination device for radioactive metal solid-phase temperature difference |
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