CN117703030A - 一种炭复合材料的地板 - Google Patents
一种炭复合材料的地板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117703030A CN117703030A CN202311714218.9A CN202311714218A CN117703030A CN 117703030 A CN117703030 A CN 117703030A CN 202311714218 A CN202311714218 A CN 202311714218A CN 117703030 A CN117703030 A CN 117703030A
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- carbon composite
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- biochar
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000013740 Juglans nigra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 claims 1
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- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 240000005020 Acaciella glauca Species 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E04F15/041—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members with a top layer of wood in combination with a lower layer of other material
- E04F15/042—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members with a top layer of wood in combination with a lower layer of other material the lower layer being of fibrous or chipped material, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
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- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
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- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种炭复合材料的地板，包括：实木表层，所述实木表板的下端胶合有炭复合芯板，所述炭复合芯板通过改性生物炭与聚合物复合制得。本发明中生物炭作为一种增强材料与聚合物复合，能够使聚合物具有优异的力学性能.生物炭与环氧树脂复合得到的材料具有较高的抗拉和弯曲强度，强度比纯环氧树脂具有显著提高，此外，相比纯环氧树脂，炭复合材料的热稳定性明显提高，便于地暖的热传输。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及地板技术领域，尤其涉及一种炭复合材料的地板。
背景技术
随着强化地板市场的日趋饱和，实木类地板在整个地板行业中市场占有率越来越高。其中三层结构的实木复合地板作为地热地板由于其环保性、不易变形、适用面积广、外观效果好，越来越受到市场的青睐。
三层实木复合地板表面一般采用3-4mm硬质木材的名贵树种作为表板，芯板、底板所用软木单板多为云杉、樟子松、杨木、桉木等速生材。木材作为天然的生态材料，具有特殊调温调湿特性，但会随着使用环境的不同而产生干缩湿胀。正是缘于木材的这种特性，实木复合地板在生产及使用过程中，会发生翘曲变形，影响到地板铺装及使用；当芯、底板为速生材时，随着一年四季气候温湿度的变化，芯板为弦切材，干缩可以达到6～12％，地板的表面会出现波浪纹，俗称“芯板波浪纹”，影响地板铺装后的美观；由于地板各层收缩膨胀引起地板层间应力变化，尤其是当地板铺装在地暖环境中，内应力会导致地板表层发生开裂。
另外，由于各种人造装饰装修材料的大量涌现，室内空气污染十分严重，人们特别重视对甲醛等有毒有害物质及各种怪臭味的吸附与消除。活性炭作为一种孔隙发达的炭质材料，已经空气净化与水处理等方面得到广泛的应用。通常的做法是将活性炭用无纺布包装起来后摆放使用，在一定程度上会影响室内美观及卫生清扫。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题，提供一种炭复合材料的地板，通过改性生物炭与聚合物的复合，使得炭复合材料具有很高的抗拉和弯曲程度，具体技术方案如下：
一种炭复合材料的地板，包括：实木表层，所述实木表板的下端胶合有炭复合芯板，所述炭复合芯板通过改性生物炭与聚合物复合制得。
进一步地，所述实木表板为桦木、柞木、色木、黑胡桃、樱桃木中的一种。
进一步地，所述实木表层的厚度为2-5mm。优选为4mm。
进一步地，所述炭复合芯板的厚度为4-6mm。优选为5mm。
进一步地，所述聚合物为环氧树脂。
进一步地，所述改性生物炭由生物炭改性制得，其制备方式包括如下步骤；
S1，按照一定固液比将生物炭、乙醇溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下转速振荡t1小时；
S2，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S3，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇改性生物炭。
进一步地，还包括步骤：
S4，按照一定固液比将步骤S3制得的醇改性生物炭、盐酸溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S5，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S6，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸改性生物炭。
进一步地，还包括步骤：
S7，按照一定固液比将步骤S6制得的醇酸改性生物炭、氢氧化钾溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S8，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S9，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸碱改性生物炭。
进一步地，所述t1取值为1-1.5小时。优选为1小时。
进一步地，所述生物炭的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，将竹子经截段、碾碎、过筛、洗净、烘干后，放置于气氛炉中；
步骤二，持续向气氛炉中通入氮气，在升温速度20度/分钟下升至500度后热解2小时。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明一种炭复合材料的地板，生物炭作为一种增强材料与聚合物复合，能够使聚合物具有优异的力学性能.生物炭与环氧树脂复合得到的材料具有较高的抗拉和弯曲强度，强度比纯环氧树脂具有显著提高，此外，相比纯环氧树脂，炭复合材料的热稳定性明显提高，便于地暖的热传输。
(2)本发明一种炭复合材料的地板，通过把活性炭与地板巧妙地组装起来，赋予地板新的环保功能，本发明的炭复合芯板，一方面避免了原有芯板受温湿度影响发生形变的影响；另一方面赋予了活性炭的吸附、除臭、防潮的功能，具有净化空气、消除污染等功效。
(3)本发明一种炭复合材料的地板，通过以PE、聚丙烯和PVC热塑性塑料和活性炭为主要原料，经过熔融复合挤出或模压等成型方式加工制得的炭复合防潮板，材料本身兼具木质材料和塑料的双重特性，且具有防潮、尺寸稳定性好的优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1结构示意图。
图2是本发明的实施例2结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种炭复合材料的地板，包括：实木表层1，所述实木表板1的下端胶合有炭复合芯板2，所述炭复合芯板2通过改性生物炭与聚合物复合制得。通过把活性炭与地板巧妙地组装起来，赋予地板新的环保功能，本发明的炭复合芯板，一方面避免了原有芯板受温湿度影响发生形变的影响；另一方面赋予了活性炭的吸附、除臭、防潮的功能，具有净化空气、消除污染等功效。通过把活性炭与地板巧妙地组装起来，赋予地板新的环保功能，本发明的炭复合芯板，一方面避免了原有芯板受温湿度影响发生形变的影响；另一方面赋予了活性炭的吸附、除臭、防潮的功能，具有净化空气、消除污染等功效。
所述实木表板1为桦木、柞木、色木、黑胡桃、樱桃木中的一种。
所述实木表层1的厚度为2-5mm。优选为4mm。
所述炭复合芯板2的厚度为4-6mm。优选为5mm。
所述聚合物为环氧树脂。
进一步地，所述改性生物炭由生物炭改性制得，其制备方式包括如下步骤；
S1，按照一定固液比将生物炭、乙醇溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下转速振荡t1小时；
S2，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S3，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇改性生物炭。
转速为150-200r/min。
步骤S1中固液比为1:5。乙醇溶液可以去除生物炭高温热解附带的灰分杂质，增大生物炭的比表面积，提高生物炭的吸附能力。
进一步地，还包括步骤：
S4，按照一定固液比将步骤S3制得的醇改性生物炭、盐酸溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S5，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S6，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸改性生物炭。
步骤S4中固液比为1:10。经酸改性后的生物炭，比表面积和孔体积是未改性生物炭的4～6倍，酸性含氧官能团增多，酸处理可以有效地去除生物炭中的无机物和杂质，并引入更多的非均质孔隙，从而增加表面积，进一步提高生物炭的吸附能力。
进一步地，还包括步骤：
S7，按照一定固液比将步骤S6制得的醇酸改性生物炭、氢氧化钾溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S8，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S9，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸碱改性生物炭。
步骤S7中固液比为1:10。碱改性能够增加孔隙度和清除堵塞的孔径，经碱改性的生物炭出现分布较均匀的圆形塌陷，并呈为半穿透至穿透状。进一步提高生物炭的吸附能力。
进一步地，所述t1取值为1-1.5小时。优选为1小时。
进一步地，所述生物炭的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，将竹子经截段、碾碎、过筛、洗净、烘干后，放置于气氛炉中；
步骤二，持续向气氛炉中通入氮气，在升温速度20度/分钟下升至500度后热解2小时。
所述炭复合芯板2中的环氧树脂与醇酸碱改性生物炭的体积比为1:1-2。
所述炭复合芯板2的生产方法包括以下步骤：
F1，先将环氧树脂加入高速混合机中搅拌30min；
F2，再加入一定体积比例的醇酸碱改性生物炭并搅拌40-50min；
F3，最后一定比例的固化剂、改性剂、填料和稀释剂；
F4，加入所有物料后开始加速搅拌，搅拌后通过挤压成型。
实施例2
如图2所示，一种炭复合材料的地板，包括：实木表层1，所述实木表板1的下端胶合有炭复合芯板2，所述炭复合芯板2通过改性生物炭与聚合物复合制得。
进一步地，所述实木表板1为桦木、柞木、色木、黑胡桃、樱桃木中的一种。
进一步地，所述实木表层1的厚度为2-5mm。优选为4mm。
进一步地，所述炭复合芯板2的厚度为4-6mm。优选为5mm。
进一步地，所述聚合物为环氧树脂。
进一步地，所述改性生物炭由生物炭改性制得，其制备方式包括如下步骤；
S1，按照一定固液比将生物炭、乙醇溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下转速振荡t1小时；
S2，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S3，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇改性生物炭。
进一步地，还包括步骤：
S4，按照一定固液比将步骤S3制得的醇改性生物炭、盐酸溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S5，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S6，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸改性生物炭。
进一步地，还包括步骤：
S7，按照一定固液比将步骤S6制得的醇酸改性生物炭、氢氧化钾溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S8，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S9，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸碱改性生物炭。
进一步地，所述t1取值为1-1.5小时。优选为1小时。
进一步地，所述生物炭的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，将竹子经截段、碾碎、过筛、洗净、烘干后，放置于气氛炉中；
步骤二，持续向气氛炉中通入氮气，在升温速度20度/分钟下升至500度后热解2小时。
所述炭复合芯板2的下端面还胶合有炭复合防潮板3，所述炭复合防潮板3通过改性生物炭与热塑性塑料复合制得。
所述炭复合防潮板3按重量份其由以下组分组成：PVC 100份，轻质碳酸钙100份，钙锌复合稳定剂6份，调节剂8份，CPE 2.7份，发泡剂0.8份，PE 0.7份，硬脂酸0.7份，改性生物炭2.7份，竹粉2.7份，回料66.7份。
所述调节剂为ACR。
所述炭复合防潮板3的生产方法包括以下步骤：
A1，按重量份比例先将PVC、轻质碳酸钙、竹粉加入高速混合机中搅拌10min；
A2，再加入钙锌复合稳定剂、ACR调节剂、CPE、发泡剂、PE、硬脂酸后搅拌5min；
A3，最后加入竹炭粉和回料；
A4，加入所有物料后开始加速搅拌，物料在高速搅拌过程相互摩擦产生摩擦热，物料温度逐渐升高，控制热混温度为115-120℃；
A5，达到设定温度后保持该温度搅拌30min，此过程中PVC颗粒在搅拌摩擦过程被打碎到1级状态，助剂与PVC完全混合均匀，PE蜡、PVC、轻钙形成初步熔融状态；
A6，热混完成后将物料放入冷混仓开冷却水搅拌降温，冷混温度为≤55℃，冷却完成后将干混料放入中间仓备用。
还包括以下步骤：
A7，将中间仓干混料加入锥形双螺杆塑料挤塑机料斗中，干混料在机筒加热辅助塑化后经法兰过度进入口模，保持塑化并均匀分流后进入定型套挤塑成型；
A8，成型料通过水箱降温定型后经牵引、分切成墙板基材；
A9，基材经贴面分切成成品墙板，此阶段机筒温度和法兰温度为150～190℃，口模温度和定型套温度为150～190℃，螺杆转速为7～11r/min，定型水温为15～25℃。
通过以PE、聚丙烯和PVC热塑性塑料和活性炭为主要原料，经过熔融复合挤出或模压等成型方式加工制得的炭复合防潮板，材料本身兼具木质材料和塑料的双重特性，且具有防潮、尺寸稳定性好的优点。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各块技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种炭复合材料的地板，包括：实木表层(1)，其特征在于，所述实木表板(1)的下端胶合有炭复合芯板(2)，所述炭复合芯板(2)通过改性生物炭与聚合物复合制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，所述实木表板(1)为桦木、柞木、色木、黑胡桃、樱桃木中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，所述实木表层(1)的厚度为2-5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，所述炭复合芯板(2)的厚度为4-6mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，所述聚合物为环氧树脂。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，所述改性生物炭由生物炭改性制得，其制备方式包括如下步骤；
S1，按照一定固液比将生物炭、乙醇溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下转速振荡t1小时；
S2，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S3，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇改性生物炭。
7.根据权利要求6所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，还包括步骤：
S4，按照一定固液比将步骤S3制得的醇改性生物炭、盐酸溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S5，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S6，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸改性生物炭。
8.根据权利要求7所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，还包括步骤：
S7，按照一定固液比将步骤S6制得的醇酸改性生物炭、氢氧化钾溶液放入振荡器中，在一定转速下也转速振荡t1小时；
S8，振荡完成后取出用去离子水洗涤，抽滤直至滤液PH值为6-8；
S9，放入烘箱进行烘干，研磨、筛选获得醇酸碱改性生物炭。
9.根据权利要求8所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，所述t1取值为1-1.5小时。
10.根据权利要求9所述一种炭复合材料的地板，其特征在于，所述生物炭的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，将竹子经截段、碾碎、过筛、洗净、烘干后，放置于气氛炉中；
步骤二，持续向气氛炉中通入氮气，在升温速度20度/分钟下升至500度后热解2小时。
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