CN117674141A - Double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for virtual power plant cluster - Google Patents
Double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for virtual power plant cluster Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for a virtual power plant cluster, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster; constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit; determining a free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment participating in the carbon emission right trading market; constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission; and combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model to obtain an optimal dispatch scheme. The invention can reduce the total running cost of the virtual power plant cluster and simultaneously restrict the carbon emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virtual power plant optimal scheduling, in particular to a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic scheduling method and device.
Background
The total amount of carbon emission in China is huge in scale, and various industries make many efforts for realizing carbon emission reduction. Carbon emissions trading is considered to be an effective market policy at present, and significant emissions reduction effects have been achieved in pilot sites. Meanwhile, the global carbon trade market is developed very rapidly, and the carbon trade market of European Union is taken as an example, has long development history and large carbon emission control range, has an important effect on European climate control and is considered to be a mature and effective carbon trade market. However, the development of the carbon emission right market in China is still in a starting stage, and the carbon emission right trading experience of related enterprises is insufficient, so that further analysis of the carbon emission right trading market is needed.
Efficient implementation of carbon emissions trading relies on the constraint of high carbon prices. At present, the carbon price level in China is low, and the emission reduction effect of the carbon market cannot be fully exerted. In general, the price of carbon trade depends on the decision maker's formulation, so that the carbon emission right trade market cannot reflect the dynamic supply and demand of the carbon market, and the overall emission reduction effect is affected. Meanwhile, the combined cooling, heating and power unit is used as a coupling unit, has important flexibility value in the operation of a comprehensive energy system, has much lower carbon emission than a thermal power unit, and is beneficial to the advantages of resource integration, distribution scheduling and the like, so that the virtual power plant becomes the main direction of the intelligent development of a future power grid.
The prior published patent document CN116663818A discloses a low-carbon economic dispatching method of a virtual power plant under a ladder carbon transaction mechanism, and the method considers that the virtual power plant participates in carbon transaction under the ladder carbon transaction mechanism, so that the carbon emission is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the economical efficiency of the operation of the virtual power plant is considered, but the technical scheme does not consider the excitation effect of dynamic carbon on high-quality resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for a virtual power plant cluster, which can reduce the total running cost of the virtual power plant cluster and simultaneously restrict carbon emission.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method, which comprises the following steps:
determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit;
determining a free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment participating in the carbon emission right trading market;
constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in a cluster;
and combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model to obtain an optimal dispatch scheme.
The method for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the virtual power plant cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster specifically comprises the following steps:
dividing the cluster internal units into carbon-emission units and non-carbon-emission units according to whether carbon emission is generated or not;
and obtaining the output ratio of the carbon-emission units according to the output information in the clusters, and calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right trading process according to the output ratio of each carbon-emission unit.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a dynamically-changing free proportion quota model according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit, and specifically comprises the following steps: constructing quota allocation constraint according to different running states of the carbon bank unit, and respectively linearizing dynamic quota and constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method, wherein:
the quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon array unit is:
；
the quota allocation constraint for the unactuated carbon bank group is as follows:
；
the constraints of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization are:
；
P i,min is the firstiThe minimum output of the carbon-carbon exhauster,P i,max is the firstiThe maximum output of the carbon-carbon array unit,y i,t to express the firstiBench settThe moment of time satisfies the logical variable for which the constraint holds,Mis a constant value, and is used for the treatment of the skin,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit;N c represents a carbon-exhaust unit and is characterized in that,，ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,Nncfor the number of non-carbon-row units,P j,t is thattTime of day (time)jThe output force of the non-carbon-row unit,P t Load is thattA time-of-day electrical load value;pthe number of linearization segments is represented as,x U i,t,k andx L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa of the positionkAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,y U i,t,k andy L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiIs located on the ordinatekAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,x i,t,k andy i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa and the ordinate are atkThe value of the segment is taken out,η i,t,k representation oftTime unitiLogical relationship of the intervals.
The objective function of the lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows:constraints of a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows:the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,F 1 as an objective function of the underlying model,Ncis the number of the carbon-exhaust units,Tin order to schedule the time period,K 1 the number of carbon segments for the carbon emissions trading market,C i,t,k is thattTime of day (time)iThe bench carbon row unit is at the firstkThe corresponding ladder carbon on the segment trades the price,N c represents a carbon-exhaust unit and is characterized in that,Q i,t,k is thattTime unitiIn the first placekCarbon trade on segment;ε i is the firstiThe carbon emission intensity of the carbon-carbon exhauster group,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit,ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,E t p is thattThe free quota tonnage allocated to the carbon black unit at the moment,representation oftTime of day (time)iThe carbon emission amount of the carbon emission right trading market is participated in by the carbon emission unit,λ i,t constraint of corresponding Lagrangian multipliers for equations as real-time carbon trade prices;Q i,t,k,max andQ i,t,k,min respectively the unitsiIn the first placekMaximum and minimum carbon trade on a segment, +.>Upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
The objective function of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows:
；
the constraints of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows:
；
wherein,F 2 as an objective function of the upper layer model,a i 、b i andc i is the cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit,a i GT andb i GT respectively the cost coefficients of the gas units,C i wind 、、/>the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator system electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP unit electricity cost coefficient, < >>、/>For the cooling cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cooling cost coefficient of the CHP turbine, < ->、/>For the fuel cell cold cost factor and CHP unit heat cost factor,N G 、N GT 、N wind 、N CHP 、N FC 、Ncthe number of the thermal power generating unit, the gas generating unit, the wind generating unit, the CHP unit, the fuel cell and the carbon-exhaust unit are respectively +.>、/>、/>、/>、/>Respectively the firstiIn a thermal power generating unit, a gas unit, a wind power generating unit, a CHP unit and a fuel celltElectric force at moment,/->And->Respectively the firstiThe bench wind turbine generator and the CHP generator are arranged in the same directiontCold force at moment->And->Respectively the firstiStage fuel cell and CHP unittThe thermal force of the moment of time is that,Tin order to schedule the time period,ε i is the firstiThe carbon emission intensity of the carbon-carbon exhauster group,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit,ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,E t p is thattThe free quota tonnage allocated to the carbon black unit at the moment,λ i,t price for real-time carbon trade;P t Load is thattThe value of the electrical load at the moment in time,H t Load is thattThe value of the thermal load at the moment,C t Load is thattThe value of the time-of-day cold load,P i,min andP i,max respectively the firstiLower and upper limits of the output force of the carbon-carbon exhauster.
The upper model and the lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are combined, the upper model transmits the free quota proportion to the lower model, and the lower model transmits the real-time carbon transaction price obtained by balancing the carbon emission right to the upper model.
The characterization of the virtual power plant cluster participating in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction is specifically as follows: utilizing a strong dual theorem to convert a nonlinear term of the related carbon emission weight cost in the objective function of the upper model to obtain a conversion equation; substituting a conversion equation into an objective function of the upper model to characterize dynamic carbon emissions trading of the virtual power plant cluster.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: provided is a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching device, which comprises:
the determining module is used for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
the first construction module is used for constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid set;
the calculation module is used for determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission right trading market of the carbon emission unit at the current moment;
the second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in the cluster;
and the combination solving module is used for combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method are realized when the processor executes the computer program.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: there is provided a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method described above.
Advantageous effects
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: according to the invention, the carbon electricity optimization process of the virtual power plant cluster is comprehensively considered, the carbon trade price interval level of the whole system is reflected through the real-time trade condition of the carbon emission right market, and a better carbon emission unit is stimulated to participate in the adjustment of the virtual power plant preferentially under the same condition by a dynamic carbon quota mode, so that the total operation cost of the virtual power plant cluster is reduced, and the carbon emission is restrained to determine the optimal carbon trade scheme of the carbon emission right trade market.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a virtual power plant cluster participating in a dynamic carbon emission right trading process in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of virtual power plant cluster quota allocation under static/dynamic carbon emissions rights for a first embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
The first embodiment of the invention relates to a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method for a virtual power plant cluster, which comprehensively considers the carbon-electricity optimization process of the virtual power plant cluster, reflects the carbon trade price interval level of the whole system through the real-time trade condition of the carbon emission right market, reduces the total operation cost of the virtual power plant cluster, and determines the optimal carbon trade scheme of the carbon emission right trade market by restraining carbon emission. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and step 1, determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster.
The method comprises the steps of firstly dividing a cluster internal unit into a carbon-emission unit and a non-carbon-emission unit according to whether carbon emission is generated or not, and then obtaining the output ratio of the carbon-emission unit according to the output information in the clusterω i,t Then calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right transaction process according to the output ratio of each carbon bank unitE i,t p . Wherein, the output ratio of the carbon-exhaust unitω i,t The calculation mode of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit,P j,t is thattTime of day (time)jThe output force of the non-carbon-row unit,P t Load is thattThe value of the electrical load at the moment in time,Ncis the number of the carbon-exhaust units,Nncis the number of non-carbon-row units.
Free quota allocation physical quantity in this embodimentE i,t p For free quota tonnage, it is calculated as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,E t p is thattThe free quota tonnage allocated to the carbon black unit at the moment,ρto reduce the emission coefficient, represent the decision maker's desire for the reduction of the emission of the system, whenρWhen 1 is taken, no free quota is allocated, all carbon emission of the system needs to be traded,Q t car is thattThe time of day system does not participate in the carbon emissions of the system in the carbon market situation.
And 2, constructing a free proportional quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid unit.
In the step, a free proportion quota model with dynamic change is deduced and constructed based on a McCormick method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
first introducing new parametersWherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,Ψ i,t has no practical physical meaning and is only used for simplifying the deformation of the formula.
And then constructing quota allocation constraint according to different running states of the carbon bank unit, and respectively carrying out linearization treatment on the dynamic quota and constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method.
The quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon bank group is expressed as:
wherein,P i,min is the firstiThe minimum output of the carbon-carbon exhauster,P i,max is the firstiThe maximum output of the carbon-carbon array unit,N c represents a carbon-exhaust unit and is characterized in that,y i,t to express the firstiBench settLogic variables satisfying constraint at any time, wheny i,t A value of 1 indicates that the constraint is true, whereas it is not,Mthe value of this embodiment is 106. The constraint means that the output force of the carbon-exhaust unit is in the maximum and minimum range, namely when the carbon-exhaust unit is started, the output force ratio is calculatedω i,t And allocating free quota to the corresponding carbon bank unit.
Quota allocation constraints for an unactuated carbon bank group are expressed as:
the constraint means that no free quota is allocated to a certain un-started carbon-gang group.
The constraint of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization is expressed as:
wherein,pthe number of linearization segments is represented as,x U i,t,k andx L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa of the positionkAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,y U i,t,k andy L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiIs located on the ordinatekAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,x i,t,k andy i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa and the ordinate are atkThe value of the segment is taken out,η i,t,k representation oftTime unitiThe logical relationship of the sections in the wayη i,t,k When 1 is taken, it is indicated in the intervalIs a kind of medium.
And 3, determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment in the carbon emission right trading market. Specifically, the carbon-emission-right trade is limited by the carbon market scale, and the upper and lower limits of the carbon-emission-right trade interval scale are as followsWherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,Q i,t,k is thattTime unitiIn the first placekThe amount of carbon traffic on the segment,Q i,t,k,max andQ i,t,k,min respectively the unitsiIn the first placekMaximum and minimum carbon trade on a segment. Based on the collected free proportional quotaω i,t E t p ObtainingtTime of day (time)iCarbon emission amount of carbon emission right trading market participated by carbon emission unit>And the total carbon emission mapping of the carbon bank unit on the transaction interval is required to be smaller than that of the firstiMaximum value of transaction of bench carbon bank unitQ i,max . Wherein,ε i is the firstiCarbon emission intensity of the carbon-carbon exhauster group.
And 4, constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission. The two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, where an upper-layer model in the two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at minimizing the total running cost of the virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower-layer model in the two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at minimizing the trading cost of carbon emission rights of the carbon emission units in the cluster.
For carbon-displacement units, there is a carbon emissions trading balance equation:
wherein,K 1 the number of carbon segments for the carbon emissions trading market. The meaning of the equilibrium equation is fortCarbon-exhaust unit at any momentiThe balance equation exists between the carbon emission amount after the free quota is counteracted and the carbon market trading interval.
Based on the carbon emission right trade balancing equation, taking the total purchase carbon emission right cost of cluster resources as a target, establishing a lower model, wherein the objective function of the lower model is as follows:the equality constraint is:the inequality constraint is:lagrangian multiplier corresponding to equality constraintλ i,t As a real-time carbon trade price.
Wherein,C i,t,k is thattTime of day (time)iThe bench carbon row unit is at the firstkThe corresponding ladder carbon on the segment trades the price,upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
The method comprises the steps of taking the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources as a target, establishing an objective function of an upper model, wherein the objective function of the upper model comprises cluster thermal power resource running cost, wind power resource running cost, gas resource running cost, CHP power supply, heat supply, cold supply cost, fuel cell power supply, heat supply cost and carbon emission right transaction cost, and therefore the objective function of the upper model is as follows:。
the constraint conditions comprise cluster electric power balance constraint, thermal power balance constraint, cold power balance constraint and unit operation inequality constraint, and the constraint conditions are expressed as:。
wherein,a i 、b i andc i is the cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit,a i GT andb i GT respectively the cost coefficients of the gas units,C i wind 、、/>the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator system electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP unit electricity cost coefficient, < >>、/>For the cooling cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cooling cost coefficient of the CHP turbine, < ->、/>For the fuel cell cold cost factor and CHP unit heat cost factor,N G 、N GT 、N wind 、N CHP 、N FC 、Ncthe number of the thermal power generating unit, the gas generating unit, the wind generating unit, the CHP unit, the fuel cell and the carbon-exhaust unit are respectively +.>、/>、/>、/>、/>Respectively the firstiIn a thermal power generating unit, a gas unit, a wind power generating unit, a CHP unit and a fuel celltElectric force at moment,/->And->Respectively the firstiThe bench wind turbine generator and the CHP generator are arranged in the same directiontCold force at moment->And->Respectively the firstiStage fuel cell and CHP unittThe thermal force of the moment of time is that,Tfor the scheduled duration.
And 5, combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
In this step, the upper model scales the free quotaω i,t Transmitting to the lower model, wherein the lower model balances the carbon emission right to obtain the real-time carbon transaction priceλ i,t Transferred to the upper layer model. For the carbon-discharge unit, the electric quantity discharged to the electric power market is constrained by self quotation and carbon emission reduction, so that the operation of the carbon market can influence the discharged electric quantity of each unit of the electric power market after the carbon quota cost required by each unit is added in the electric power price of the electric power market according to the low quotation priority discharging rule of the electric power market. Meanwhile, as part of free quota is issued according to the electric power market quota clearing capacity proportion, when a unit carries out carbon market quota clearing transaction, proper quota amount is selected for buying and selling according to the actual clearing capacity of the electric power market, and therefore the operation of the electric power market can also affect the carbon market.
The method comprises the steps of converting a nonlinear term of related carbon emission weight cost in an objective function of an upper model by utilizing a strong dual theorem to obtain a conversion equation:
substituting the conversion equation into the objective function of the upper model to represent the dynamic carbon emission right trade of the virtual power plant cluster, then obtaining:
the method comprises the steps of converting a double-layer nonlinear optimization model into a single-layer linear optimization model through a formula, realizing dynamic carbon emission right transaction of a virtual power plant cluster under electric carbon coupling, and obtaining an optimal scheduling scheme through solving the single-layer linear optimization model. FIG. 4 is a graph of virtual power plant cluster quota allocation under static/dynamic carbon emissions rights obtained using the method of the present embodiment.
According to the invention, the carbon electricity optimization process of the virtual power plant cluster is comprehensively considered, the carbon trade price interval level of the whole system is reflected through the real-time trade condition of the carbon emission right market, and a better carbon emission unit is stimulated to participate in the adjustment of the virtual power plant preferentially under the same condition by a dynamic carbon quota mode, so that the total operation cost of the virtual power plant cluster is reduced, and the carbon emission is restrained to determine the optimal carbon trade scheme of the carbon emission right trade market.
The second embodiment of the invention relates to a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching device for a virtual power plant cluster, which comprises the following components:
the determining module is used for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
the first construction module is used for constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid set;
the calculation module is used for determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission right trading market of the carbon emission unit at the current moment;
the second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in the cluster;
and the combination solving module is used for combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
The determining module includes:
the classification unit is used for dividing the cluster internal units into carbon-emission units and non-carbon-emission units according to whether carbon emission is generated or not;
the calculation unit is used for obtaining the output ratio of the carbon-emission units according to the output information in the clusters, and calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right trading process according to the output ratio of each carbon-emission unit.
The first construction module performs linearization processing on the dynamic quota and the constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method, wherein:
the quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon array unit is:
；
the quota allocation constraint for the unactuated carbon bank group is as follows:
；
the constraints of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization are:
；
P i,min is the firstiThe minimum output of the carbon-carbon exhauster,P i,max is the firstiThe maximum output of the carbon-carbon array unit,y i,t to express the firstiBench settThe moment of time satisfies the logical variable for which the constraint holds,Mis a constant value, and is used for the treatment of the skin,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit;，ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,Nncfor the number of non-carbon-row units,P j,t is thattTime of day (time)jThe output force of the non-carbon-row unit,P t Load is thattA time-of-day electrical load value;pthe number of linearization segments is represented as,x U i,t,k andx L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa of the positionkAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,y U i,t,k andy L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiIs located on the ordinatekAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,x i,t,k andy i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa and the ordinate are atkThe value of the segment is taken out,η i,t,k representation oftTime unitiLogical relationship of the intervals.
The objective function of the lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows:constraints of a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows:the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,F 1 as an objective function of the underlying model,Ncis the number of the carbon-exhaust units,Tin order to schedule the time period,K 1 the number of carbon segments for the carbon emissions trading market,C i,t,k is thattTime of day (time)iThe bench carbon row unit is at the firstkThe corresponding ladder carbon on the segment trades the price,Q i,t,k is thattTime unitiIn the first placekCarbon trade on segment;ε i is the firstiThe carbon emission intensity of the carbon-carbon exhauster group,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit,ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,E t p is thattFree quota tonnage allocated to carbon-row unit at moment>Representation oftTime of day (time)iThe carbon emission amount of the carbon emission right trading market is participated in by the carbon emission unit,λ i,t constraint of corresponding Lagrangian multiplier for equation as realTime-carbon trade price;Q i,t,k,max andQ i,t,k,min respectively the unitsiIn the first placekMaximum and minimum carbon trade on a segment, +.>Upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
The objective function of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows:
。
the constraints of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows:
。
wherein,F 2 as an objective function of the upper layer model,a i 、b i andc i is the cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit,a i GT andb i GT respectively the cost coefficients of the gas units,C i wind 、、/>the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator system electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP unit electricity cost coefficient, < >>、/>For the cooling cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cooling cost coefficient of the CHP turbine, < ->、/>For the fuel cell cold cost factor and CHP unit heat cost factor,N G 、N GT 、N wind 、N CHP 、N FC 、Ncthe number of the thermal power generating unit, the gas generating unit, the wind generating unit, the CHP unit, the fuel cell and the carbon-exhaust unit are respectively +.>、/>、/>、/>、/>Respectively the firstiIn a thermal power generating unit, a gas unit, a wind power generating unit, a CHP unit and a fuel celltElectric force at moment,/->And->Respectively the firstiThe bench wind turbine generator and the CHP generator are arranged in the same directiontCold force at moment->And->Respectively the firstiStage fuel cell and CHP unittThe thermal force of the moment of time is that,Tin order to schedule the time period,ε i is the firstiThe carbon emission intensity of the carbon-carbon exhauster group,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit,ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,E t p is thattThe free quota tonnage allocated to the carbon black unit at the moment,λ i,t price for real-time carbon trade;P t Load is thattThe value of the electrical load at the moment in time,H t Load is thattThe value of the thermal load at the moment,C t Load is thattThe value of the time-of-day cold load,P i,min andP i,max respectively the firstiLower and upper limits of the output force of the carbon-carbon exhauster.
The upper model and the lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are combined, the upper model transmits the free quota proportion to the lower model, and the lower model transmits the real-time carbon transaction price obtained by balancing the carbon emission right to the upper model.
The characterization of the virtual power plant cluster participating in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction is specifically as follows: utilizing a strong dual theorem to convert a nonlinear term of the related carbon emission weight cost in the objective function of the upper model to obtain a conversion equation; substituting a conversion equation into an objective function of the upper model to characterize dynamic carbon emissions trading of the virtual power plant cluster.
The third embodiment of the invention relates to an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method are realized when the processor executes the computer program.
A fourth embodiment of the invention relates to a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method described above.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method for the virtual power plant cluster is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit;
determining a free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment participating in the carbon emission right trading market;
constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in a cluster;
and combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model to obtain an optimal dispatch scheme.
2. The method for dual-layer low-carbon economic dispatch of a virtual power plant cluster according to claim 1, wherein the determining the free quota allocation ratio of each carbon bank group in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster specifically comprises:
dividing the cluster internal units into carbon-emission units and non-carbon-emission units according to whether carbon emission is generated or not;
and obtaining the output ratio of the carbon-emission units according to the output information in the clusters, and calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right trading process according to the output ratio of each carbon-emission unit.
3. The method for dispatching the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economy according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that a dynamically-changed free proportional quota model is constructed according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit, and specifically comprises the following steps: constructing quota allocation constraint according to different running states of the carbon bank unit, and respectively linearizing dynamic quota and constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method, wherein:
the quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon array unit is:
；
the quota allocation constraint for the unactuated carbon bank group is as follows:
；
the constraints of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization are:
；
P i,min is the firstiThe minimum output of the carbon-carbon exhauster,P i,max is the firstiThe maximum output of the carbon-carbon array unit,y i,t to express the firstiBench settThe moment of time satisfies the logical variable for which the constraint holds,Mis a constant value, and is used for the treatment of the skin,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit;N c represents a carbon-exhaust unit and is characterized in that,，ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,Nncfor the number of non-carbon-row units,P j,t is thattTime of day (time)jThe output force of the non-carbon-row unit,P t Load is thattA time-of-day electrical load value;pthe number of linearization segments is represented as,x U i,t,k andx L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa of the positionkAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,y U i,t,k andy L i,t,k respectively istTime unitiIs located on the ordinatekAn upper limit and a lower limit of the segment interval,x i,t,k andy i,t,k respectively istTime unitiThe abscissa and the ordinate are atkThe value of the segment is taken out,η i,t,k representation oftTime unitiLogical relationship of the intervals.
4. The virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method of claim 1, wherein an objective function of a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is:constraints of a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows: />The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,F 1 as an objective function of the underlying model,Ncis the number of the carbon-exhaust units,Tin order to schedule the time period,K 1 the number of carbon segments for the carbon emissions trading market,C i,t,k is thattTime of day (time)iThe bench carbon row unit is at the firstkThe corresponding ladder carbon on the segment trades the price,N c represents a carbon-exhaust unit and is characterized in that,Q i,t,k is thattTime unitiIn the first placekCarbon trade on segment;ε i is the firstiThe carbon emission intensity of the carbon-carbon exhauster group,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit,ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,E t p is thattFree quota tonnage allocated to carbon-row unit at moment>Representation oftTime of day (time)iThe carbon emission amount of the carbon emission right trading market is participated in by the carbon emission unit,λ i,t constraint of corresponding Lagrangian multipliers for equations as real-time carbon trade prices;Q i,t,k,max andQ i,t,k,min respectively the unitsiIn the first placekMaximum and minimum carbon trade on a segment, +.>Upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
5. The virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method of claim 1, wherein an objective function of an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is:
；
the constraints of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows:
；
wherein,F 2 as an objective function of the upper layer model,a i 、b i andc i is the cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit,a i GT andb i GT respectively the cost coefficients of the gas units,C i wind 、、/>the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator system electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP unit electricity cost coefficient, < >>、/>For the cooling cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cooling cost coefficient of the CHP turbine, < ->、/>For the fuel cell cold cost factor and CHP unit heat cost factor,N G 、N GT 、N wind 、N CHP 、N FC 、Ncthe number of the thermal power generating unit, the gas generating unit, the wind generating unit, the CHP unit, the fuel cell and the carbon-exhaust unit are respectively +.>、/>、/>、/>、/>Respectively the firstiIn a thermal power generating unit, a gas unit, a wind power generating unit, a CHP unit and a fuel celltThe electric force at the moment of time is applied,/>andrespectively the firstiThe bench wind turbine generator and the CHP generator are arranged in the same directiontCold force at moment->And->Respectively the firstiStage fuel cell and CHP unittThe thermal force of the moment of time is that,Tin order to schedule the time period,ε i is the firstiThe carbon emission intensity of the carbon-carbon exhauster group,P i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output force of the carbon-discharge unit,ω i,t is thattTime of day (time)iThe output ratio of the carbon-carbon exhauster,E t p is thattThe free quota tonnage allocated to the carbon black unit at the moment,λ i,t price for real-time carbon trade;P t Load is thattThe value of the electrical load at the moment in time,H t Load is thattThe value of the thermal load at the moment,C t Load is thattThe value of the time-of-day cold load,P i,min andP i,max respectively the firstiLower and upper limits of the output force of the carbon-carbon exhauster.
6. The method for dispatching a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economy according to claim 1, wherein the combination of an upper layer model and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economy dispatching model means that the upper layer model transmits a free quota proportion to the lower layer model, and the lower layer model transmits a real-time carbon transaction price obtained by balancing carbon emission right transaction to the upper layer model.
7. The method for dual-layer low-carbon economic dispatch of a virtual power plant cluster according to claim 1, wherein the characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right trade is specifically as follows: utilizing a strong dual theorem to convert a nonlinear term of the related carbon emission weight cost in the objective function of the upper model to obtain a conversion equation; substituting a conversion equation into an objective function of the upper model to characterize dynamic carbon emissions trading of the virtual power plant cluster.
8. A virtual power plant cluster double-deck low-carbon economic dispatch device, comprising:
the determining module is used for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
the first construction module is used for constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid set;
the calculation module is used for determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission right trading market of the carbon emission unit at the current moment;
the second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in the cluster;
and the combination solving module is used for combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method according to any one of claims 1-7 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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