CN115293485A - Low-carbon scheduling method of comprehensive energy system considering electric automobile and demand response - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive energy system low-carbon scheduling method considering electric vehicles and demand response. Firstly, establishing a topological structure diagram of the comprehensive energy park, secondly, explaining an energy supply mode of the park after implementing demand response, and analyzing the cost and the benefit of the park; then, explaining the mode of the electric automobile participating in the back park, summarizing the charging mode of the electric automobile, and analyzing the new cost and income of the park; and finally, analyzing the carbon transaction cost of the park and the mode of the electric vehicle participating in the carbon transaction under the condition of considering the carbon transaction. The invention can effectively reduce the operation cost and the carbon transaction cost, improve the system profit, enable the comprehensive energy system to further exert the advantages of economy and low carbon, and the electric automobile charging pile has higher economy under the carbon transaction background; the invention is convenient and simple to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive energy system scheduling research, and particularly relates to a low-carbon scheduling method of a comprehensive energy system considering electric vehicles and demand response.
Background
Climate change is a great global concern for international society, and concerns the development of all mankind. For the electric power industry, constructing an Integrated Energy System (IES) and a carbon trading market which are multi-energy complementary and integrated and optimized are two effective measures for energy conservation and emission reduction. In recent years, a large number of comprehensive energy parks are developed in China, which relate to multi-energy coupling of cold, heat, electricity and gas, contain various devices, and have more complex operation conditions of the whole system. In the analysis research of the comprehensive energy park mode, part of the research analyzes the energy flow, the information flow and the fund flow of the park comprehensive energy service, and the integral relation of the park comprehensive energy service is combed; the research takes a multi-energy station and an energy storage station as game participants, and establishes benefit game optimization models of the multi-energy station and the energy storage station based on a negotiation game theory to coordinate benefit requirements of the two parties; there is a research and analysis on a load prediction method considering the demand response of the integrated energy park in the mode of a load aggregator.
In the research on the carbon trading market, the necessity of establishing the carbon trading market is explained, the current situation of the Chinese carbon trading market is analyzed, and the future path of carbon trading in China is researched to put forward related suggestions; the operation and income condition performance of the carbon market in China are concerned by research, the actual result of policy intervention is evaluated, and meanwhile, the fluctuation degree of the Shenzhen market and the relation between the fluctuation degree and the expected income premium are statistically estimated; research is available to combine a comprehensive energy system with carbon trading, comprehensively consider the cost of carbon trading and the cost of outsourcing energy, and consider the low carbon and economy of the system; research has been conducted to consider the coordination of demand response and time-of-use electricity price in a comprehensive energy system, and the carbon emission and the operation cost of the system are effectively reduced.
In recent years, electric vehicles have attracted much attention due to their green and energy-saving characteristics. Certain research results have been obtained for the application of electric vehicles in comprehensive energy systems. The problem of system optimization scheduling participation of a virtual power plant containing a certain number of electric vehicles is researched and researched, and the carbon emission reduction benefit brought by reasonable scheduling of charging and discharging of the electric vehicles is analyzed; the feasibility of the electric vehicle charging facility participating in the carbon trading market is researched by combining the construction condition of the carbon trading market in China, and a corresponding mode design is carried out, but the influence brought by demand response is not considered in benefit analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-carbon scheduling method of a comprehensive energy system considering electric vehicles and demand response aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a comprehensive energy system low-carbon scheduling method considering electric vehicles and demand response comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishing a topological structure diagram of the comprehensive energy park;
(2) Establishing an energy supply mode of the comprehensive energy park after implementing demand response;
(3) Constructing a mode of the integrated energy park after the electric automobile participates, wherein the mode comprises a model of a charging mode of the electric automobile and a cost and income model of the park after the electric automobile participates;
(4) Under the condition of considering carbon transaction, constructing a carbon transaction cost model of an energy supply link of a park and a mode of an electric automobile participating in the carbon transaction;
(5) And (4) deploying the comprehensive energy park by using the net income maximization of the park as an objective function.
Further, step (1) comprises the following sub-steps:
(1.1) establishing the basic requirements: the park meets the requirements of electric load, heat load and cold load of users in the park through the built energy supply equipment and energy conversion equipment;
(1.2) the electrical load demand of the user is supplied by the photovoltaic power plant, the CHP and the external grid; the heat load of the user is satisfied by the CHP, the gas boiler and the electric boiler; the cooling load of the user is satisfied by the electric refrigerator and the absorption refrigerator.
Further, in the step (1.2), an electric energy storage device is also arranged for peak clipping and valley filling.
Further, the step (2) comprises the following sub-steps:
(2.1) establishing a park energy purchase cost model: the comprehensive energy park provides energy supply service for users and meets the requirements of cold, heat and electricity loads of the users, so that the park collects energy supply cost for the users as self income; meanwhile, in order to meet the requirements of users, the park needs to purchase electricity from a power grid and natural gas from a gas grid as energy purchase cost;
(2.2) establishing a park equipment maintenance cost model: dividing the equipment maintenance cost into fixed maintenance cost and variable maintenance cost, wherein the variable maintenance cost is in direct proportion to the output power of each equipment;
(2.3) establishing a price type demand response model:
describing the electrical load demand and the thermal load demand of a user by using an elastic matrix to obtain the electrical load and the thermal load after implementing demand response; the constraints of the corresponding response model include: the total amount of the electric load and the heat load is kept unchanged in a dispatching cycle, the load variation at each moment cannot exceed a preset range, and the average price of supplying power and supplying heat to users in a park cannot be higher than the purchase price;
cold load demand response model: establishing a first-order thermodynamic model of the building based on an equivalent thermal parameter method of circuit simulation, and reflecting the relation between the cold load and the indoor temperature so as to obtain the cold load required to be provided for maintaining the indoor temperature;
and calculating the energy supply income according to the energy supply price and the energy supply.
Further, in the step (2.3), the elastic thermal load ratio is smaller than the elastic electrical load ratio.
Further, in the step (2.3), the cooling load demand response model represents the comfort level of the user by adopting a PMV index, and the range of the provided cooling load is limited according to the PMV value.
Further, the step (3) comprises the following sub-steps:
(3.1) constructing a model of a charging mode of the electric automobile to obtain charging power of different types of electric automobiles; specifically, the charging modes of the electric vehicle are divided into three categories: the first type of electric automobile is always charged at rated power; the second type of electric automobile allows the charging power to be less than the rated power, but cannot discharge electricity, and must be fully charged within a first preset time; the third type of electric vehicle allows the charging power to be lower than the rated power and allows discharging, but must complete charging within a second predetermined time; the first predetermined time is shorter than the second predetermined time; the charging cost is as follows from high to low: a first type of electric vehicle, a second type of electric vehicle, a third type of electric vehicle;
(3.2) constructing a cost and profit model of the electric automobile participating in the back park; specifically, the park needs to additionally meet the electric load required by charging of the electric automobile on the basis of meeting the load of the park; in the process, the maintenance cost caused by the additional electric power cost purchased from the power grid, the natural gas power cost purchased from the gas grid and the increased output of each device in the park is taken as the cost for providing the charging service for the electric automobile; and meanwhile, charging fees are collected from the park to the charged electric automobile as earnings.
Further, in step (3.2), the charging mode of electric automobile can be arranged to the garden under certain restraint for self overall load is more reasonable, reduces the running cost, includes: for the second type of electric automobile, the park can decide the charging power at each moment; for the third type of electric vehicles, the park can decide the charging power and the discharging power at each moment.
Further, the step (4) comprises the following sub-steps:
(4.1) constructing an energy supply link carbon transaction cost model; for the integrated energy park, the carbon emission sources comprise outsourced electric power, a CHP unit and a gas boiler; according to the actual carbon emission of the comprehensive energy park, the carbon transaction cost in the energy supply link is obtained;
(4.2) constructing a mode of the electric automobile for participating in carbon transaction; the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the cost of charging piles to be built in a park as cost, obtaining carbon emission reduction benefit, and considering the carbon dioxide emission amount of the electric automobile charging pile in the building stage; and the electric automobile replaces the traditional fuel oil vehicle, the obtained certificate voluntarily reduces the CCER, and the income is obtained by selling the CCER.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the comprehensive energy park mode considering the electric automobile and the demand response can effectively reduce the operation cost and the carbon transaction cost, improve the system profit, enable the comprehensive energy system to further exert the advantages of economy and low carbon, and enable the electric automobile charging pile to have higher economy in the carbon transaction background. The invention can also call a CPLEX solver in Matlab to solve, and is convenient and simple to use.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a low-carbon scheduling method of a comprehensive energy system considering electric vehicles and demand response. Secondly, considering the energy supply mode of park implementation demand response through a price elastic matrix and a user comfort degree model by referring to the mode of a load aggregator; then analyzing the scheme of the park after the electric automobile participates, summarizing the charging mode of the electric automobile, and analyzing the cost and the income of the park; and researching a cost expression of the park under the condition that the electric automobile participates in the carbon transaction. And finally, maximizing the net income of the park as an objective function, comparing the conditions of existence of the electric automobile and no need of response, and calculating the recovery period and the internal yield of the invested funds of the electric automobile charging pile.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And establishing a topological structure diagram of the comprehensive energy park. The method comprises the following steps:
(1.1) establishing the basic requirements: the park can meet the requirements of users on electric load, heat load and cold load in the park through the built energy supply equipment and energy conversion equipment.
(1.2) the electrical load demand of the user can be supplied by the photovoltaic power plant, the CHP and the external grid; the heat load of the user can be satisfied by the CHP, the gas boiler and the electric boiler; the cooling load of the user can be satisfied by the electric refrigerator and the absorption refrigerator. In addition, the existence of the electric energy storage device can play a role in peak clipping and valley filling, so that the energy utilization mode of the park is more economical and flexible.
(2) And establishing an energy supply mode of the park after implementing the demand response, and analyzing the cost and the benefit of the park. The method comprises the following steps:
(2.1) establish the district and purchase the ability cost model, the energy supply service is provided for the user in the comprehensive energy source district, satisfies user's cold, hot, electric load demand, therefore the district collects certain energy supply expense to the user as self income. Simultaneously, the garden needs to purchase the electricity to the electric wire netting, purchases the natural gas to the gas network in order to satisfy user's demand, as its purchase can the cost:
in the formula, P net，t And P g，t Respectively purchasing power from the power grid and natural gas from the gas grid at time t, rho e，t And ρ g，t Respectively purchasing unit prices of electricity from the power grid and natural gas from the natural gas grid at the time t; t is the total scheduling time period number; Δ t is the scheduling time interval. C e The cost of purchasing electricity from the power grid; c g The cost of purchasing natural gas to the gas grid.
(2.2) establishing a park equipment maintenance cost model, wherein the equipment maintenance cost can be generally expressed as c 2 There are fixed and variable maintenance costs, which are proportional to the output power of each device.
And (2.3) establishing a price type demand response model.
The campus may alter the user's energy usage by implementing demand responses. The demand response can be generally divided into a price type and an incentive type, and the invention adopts the price type demand response and describes the energy using action of the user by an elastic matrix.
(2.3.1) the electrical demand elasticity matrix E for a user can be expressed as:
in the formula, e ij For a demand price elastic coefficient which represents the sensitivity of the electricity consumption demand of a user to electricity price change response, the expression is as follows:
in the formula, P load，t And Δ P load，t Respectively representing the original electric load at the time t and the electric load variable quantity after implementing demand response; Δ ρ e，t Representing the variation of the electricity price at the time t; delta e Is the ratio of the elastic electrical load. In practical terms, when i = j, e ij A positive value, otherwise a negative value. Implementing the price type demand response also satisfies certain constraints, the total amount of electrical load remains unchanged during a dispatch period:
meanwhile, the load variation amount at each moment cannot be too large, and the electricity price at each moment cannot be too high or too low, that is:
in the formula, k is the maximum rate of change of the electricity price, and is generally 0.5.
Furthermore, to ensure the benefit of the consumer, the average price of electricity supplied by the campus to the users cannot be higher than the price of electricity sold by the grid:
(2.3.2) since the embodiment considers that the park receives and distributes under the typical summer load curve, the heat load of the park is mostly used to meet the requirements of some equipment operation environments, and therefore the demand response of the heat load also adopts the same modeling mode as the above-mentioned electric demand response, but the elastic heat load proportion delta is h Lower, should be less than the elastic electrical load ratio delta e 。
The demand elasticity matrix E' for the thermal load of the user can be expressed as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and a demand price elastic coefficient for the heat load, which represents the sensitivity of the consumption demand of the heat load of the user to the heating price variation response. H load，t And Δ H load，t Respectively representing the original heat load at the time t and the heat load variable quantity after implementing the demand response; rho h，t For the price of heat supply at time t, Δ ρ h，t Representing the variation of the heating price at the time t; delta h Is a proportion of the elastic thermal load. k' is the maximum rate of change of the heating price, and is generally 0.5.
(2.3.3) most of the cold load demands of the campus are that users are used for keeping the indoor temperature within a certain comfort level range, so that the invention considers the mode of cold load demand response, namely, based on an equivalent thermal parameter method of circuit simulation, establishing a first-order thermodynamic model of the building, and reflecting the relation between the cold load and the indoor temperature:
τ＝RC
in the formula, T in，t Is the indoor temperature at time t; t is out，t Is the outdoor temperature at time t; r is the building equivalent thermal resistance; c is the specific heat capacity of the indoor air; c load，t The cooling load to be supplied for maintaining the indoor temperature at time t.
Because the human body is not easy to perceive the temperature change in a certain range, the fluctuation of the indoor temperature in a certain range does not influence the comfort level of the human body. Therefore, the PMV index is used to characterize the comfort of the user:
in the formula I PMV A value of the PMV index indicates a comfortable state when it is 0. According to ISO7733, the PMV value should be kept at [ -0.5,0.5]The comfort of the human body can be kept. Therefore, the maximum cooling load value C required at the time t can be calculated and obtained based on the PMV value load max，t And a minimum cold load value C load min，t And the cooling load at time t should satisfy C load min，t ≤C load，t ≤C load max，t 。
(2.3.4) according to the above analysis, the revenue obtained by the campus by providing the cold, heat, electricity demand to the users is:
A p ＝A e +A h +A c (3)
in the formula, A p Earnings for energy supply to parks, A e ，A h ，A c Gains to be gained for providing power, heat, and cold load requirements, respectively; rho h，t ，ρ c，t Respectively the heat supply price and the cold supply price at the time t; h load，t The thermal load before the demand response is applied for time t.
(3) And constructing a mode of the electric automobile participating in the back park, summarizing the charging mode of the electric automobile, and analyzing the new cost and income of the park. The method comprises the following steps:
and (3.1) constructing a model of the charging mode of the electric automobile.
The charging modes of the electric automobile are divided into three types: the first type of electric vehicle is always charged at a rated power, and the charging cost is relatively high in response to a demand situation that full charge at the fastest speed is actually expected. The second type of electric vehicle allows the charging power to be lower than the rated power, but cannot discharge, and must be fully charged within 4 hours, so that the charging cost is low, and the requirement for reducing the charging cost is expected to be met in correspondence with the fact that the vehicle is not urgent in practice. The third type of electric vehicle allows charging power to be lower than rated power and discharging, but charging must be completed within 6 hours with the lowest charging cost. It is desirable to minimize the need for charging costs in response to the fact that there is ample time available to charge.
(3.1.1) for
The charging power expression of the first type of electric vehicle is as follows:
P i，t ＝P cr
SOC i (t+1)＝SOC i (t)+P i，t ·η c ·Δt/E c
in the formula, v 1 A set representing a first class of electric vehicles; p i，t Representing the charging power of the ith electric automobile at the time t; p cr Indicating the rated output power of the charging pile; SOC (system on chip) i (t) represents the battery state of charge of the ith electric vehicle at time t; eta c Representing the charging efficiency of the electric vehicle; e c Represents the battery capacity of the electric vehicle.
(3.1.2) for
The charging power expression of the second type of electric vehicle is as follows:
0≤P i，t ≤P cr
SOC i (t+1)＝SOC i (t)+P i，t ·η c ·Δt/E c
SOC i (t i，0 +4)＝1
in the formula, u 2 Is a set of second type electric vehicles; t is t i，0 The time is the grid connection time of the ith electric automobile.
(3.1.3) for
The charging power expression of the third type of electric vehicle is as follows:
-P cr ≤P i，t ≤P cr
SOC i (t+1)＝SOC i (t)+P i，t ·η c ·Δt/E c
SOC i (t i，0 +6)＝1
in the formula, v 3 Is the collection of the third type of electric automobiles.
And (3.2) constructing a cost and profit model of the park after the electric automobile participates.
And after the park investment construction of the charging pile, the charging service is opened to the social vehicles. Therefore, the park needs to additionally meet the electric load required by charging of the electric automobile on the basis of meeting the self load. In this process, the additional electric power charge purchased from the electric grid and the natural gas power charge purchased from the gas grid in the park, as well as the increased output of the individual devices in the park, result in an increase in maintenance costs as a cost for providing the electric vehicle with the charging service. And meanwhile, charging fee is collected from the charged electric automobile by the park as income. The electric automobile is used as a flexible resource, and after the electric automobile is connected to the power grid, the charging mode of the electric automobile can be flexibly arranged in a park under certain constraint. For the second type of electric automobile. The park can decide the charging power of each moment, and for the third type of electric vehicles, the park can decide the charging power and the discharging power of each moment, so that the overall load of the park is more reasonable, and the operation cost is reduced.
After the electric automobile participates, the total cost of the park can still be expressed by the formulas (1) to (2), but the corresponding P net，t And P g，t Will change in value. And the total income of the park is added with the income of providing the charging service for the electric automobile on the basis of the original energy supply income, namely the expressions (3) to (6):
A car ＝A c1 +A c2 +A c3
in the formula, A car Providing earnings of charging service for the electric automobile in the park; a. The cj Representing the income obtained by providing the charging service to the jth type electric automobile; t is t 0，i And t 1，i Respectively representing the grid-connected time and the off-grid time of the ith electric vehicle; rho cj，t Represents the charge to the jth electric vehicle, and takes rho c1，t ＞ρ c2，t ＞ρ c3，t 。
(4) In the case of considering the carbon transaction, the carbon transaction cost of the campus and the mode of the electric vehicle participating in the carbon transaction are analyzed. The method comprises the following steps:
and (4.1) constructing an energy supply link carbon transaction cost model.
Carbon trading is a trading mechanism that enables carbon emission control by establishing legitimate carbon emission rights and allowing them to be traded. For different industries, the requirements of paying corresponding price are different, and the distribution mode of the carbon emission quota can be divided into two modes according to the requirements: free mode and paid mode. The free distribution mode can be divided into a historical emission method and a reference line method. The power industry often employs a baseline method. The reference line method is that different industries correspond to different productivity levels, the carbon emission reference line (rate) of the industry is measured and calculated according to the productivity levels, and the carbon emission quota of the main body is obtained by multiplying the calculated reference line (rate) by the carbon emission of the main body.
For the integrated energy park, sources of carbon emissions include outsourced electricity, CHP units and gas boilers.
(4.1.1) the carbon quota corresponding to the outsourcing power is as follows:
in the formula, E e Carbon quota for outsourcing power; xi e The carbon emission quota per purchased electric power unit can be generally a weighted average of the electric power marginal emission factor and the capacity marginal factor. P net，t And purchasing power from the power grid for the time t.
(4.1.2) the CHP unit generates electricity and simultaneously improves heat. Because the thermoelectric ratio of the CHP unit considered by the invention is larger than 1, the carbon quota is distributed according to the equivalent calorific value:
in the formula, E CHP Carbon quota obtained for CHP unit; xi h Carbon quota per unit heat supply; mu is a conversion coefficient for converting the generated energy into the heat supply amount; p is CHP And H CHP The generated power and the generated heat power of the CHP unit are respectively shown.
(4.1.3) the gas boiler provides a heat load with a carbon quota of:
in the formula, E gb Carbon quota for gas boiler; h gb The heat supply power of the gas boiler is realized.
(4.1.4) the actual carbon footprint of the integrated energy park is shown by the following formula:
H eq ＝H CHP +H gb
in the formula, E r Actual carbon emissions for the integrated energy park; a is a 1 ，b 1 ，c 1 The carbon emission coefficient of the thermal power generating unit is obtained; a is a 2 ，b 2 ，c 2 Is the carbon emission coefficient of natural gas.
(4.1.5) the carbon trading cost of the energy supply link of the comprehensive energy park is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
represents the carbon trading cost of the campus;
representing the carbon trading price. As can be seen from the above formula, when the actual carbon emission of the campus is higher than the carbon quota, the insufficient carbon quota needs to be purchased through the carbon trading market, and the carbon trading cost is greater than 0; when the actual carbon emission is less than the carbon quota, the excess quota can be sold through a carbon trading market to obtain profits.
And (4.2) constructing a mode of the electric automobile for participating in carbon transaction.
The park invests the expense of building the charging pile as the initial cost. And the park can obtain certain income through charging the electric automobile and providing charging service, can also obtain carbon emission reduction income. The electric automobile replaces a traditional fuel oil vehicle, can reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, obtains the voluntary emission reduction (CCER) of the certificate, and can sell the CCER to the outside. But should also consider the carbon dioxide emission of electric automobile charging pile construction stage:
in the formula, E con Carbon dioxide (tCO) emitted during the construction phase of charging pile 2 )；V ei Advanced value of carbon dioxide emission intensity (29.13 kg CO) for land industry 2 /m 3 )；V ec Advanced value of carbon dioxide emission intensity (319.20 kg CO) for electronic component and assembly manufacturing industry 2 Ten thousand yuan); s is the occupied area of the charging pile; c D Purchase costs (ten thousand dollars) for charging and distribution facilities.
Electric vehicle replaces fuel vehicle, reduces carbon dioxide emission, and obtains income A by selling CCER CCER Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, N is the number of the electric automobiles; chi is the distance that the electric automobile can run by consuming 1kWh of electricity, and according to the type of the common electric automobile on the market, chi =7km/kWh can be taken; phi is a c Carbon dioxide which is expressed by the unit distance of the running of the fuel vehicle is calculated according to the fuel vehicle with the displacement of 1.6L, and phi can be taken c ＝2.7kg/km。
(5) Calling a CPLEX solver in Matlab to solve, and deploying the park by taking the net income maximization of the park as a target function; comparing the situations of the existence of the electric automobile and the existence of the situation without the requirement of response. Where the net gain is the total gain minus the total cost.
(6) And (5) after the park is deployed according to the step (5), calculating the recovery period and the internal yield of the invested funds of the electric automobile charging pile.
Wherein C is the initial investment amount; n is a project period; a. The k The yield for the k year; and calculating the value of r to be the internal yield.
Setting r in the above formula as a given discount rate; calculating the smallest integer N which is the capital recovery period when the following formula is satisfied:
the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention in the same or similar manner as the above embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A low-carbon scheduling method of a comprehensive energy system considering electric vehicles and demand response is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Establishing a topological structure diagram of the comprehensive energy park;
(2) Establishing an energy supply mode of the comprehensive energy park after implementing demand response;
(3) Constructing a mode of the integrated energy park after the electric automobile participates, wherein the mode comprises a model of a charging mode of the electric automobile and a cost and income model of the park after the electric automobile participates;
(4) Under the condition of considering carbon transaction, constructing a carbon transaction cost model of an energy supply link of a park and a mode of an electric automobile participating in the carbon transaction;
(5) And (5) deploying the comprehensive energy park by using the net income maximization of the park as an objective function.
2. The integrated energy system low-carbon dispatching method considering electric vehicles and demand responses as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (1) comprises the following sub-steps:
(1.1) establishing the basic requirements: the park meets the requirements of electric load, heat load and cold load of users in the park through the built energy supply equipment and energy conversion equipment;
(1.2) the electrical load demand of the user is supplied by the photovoltaic power plant, the CHP and the external grid; the heat load of the user is satisfied by the CHP, the gas boiler and the electric boiler; the cooling load of the user is satisfied by the electric refrigerator and the absorption refrigerator.
3. The comprehensive energy system low-carbon dispatching method considering electric vehicles and demand response as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step (1.2), an electric energy storage device is further arranged for peak clipping and valley filling.
4. The integrated energy system low-carbon dispatching method considering electric vehicles and demand responses as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (2) comprises the following sub-steps:
(2.1) establishing a park energy purchase cost model: the comprehensive energy park provides energy supply service for users and meets the requirements of cold, heat and electricity loads of the users, so that the park collects energy supply cost for the users as self income; meanwhile, in order to meet the requirements of users, the park needs to purchase electricity from a power grid and natural gas from a gas grid as energy purchase cost;
(2.2) establishing a park equipment maintenance cost model: dividing the equipment maintenance cost into fixed maintenance cost and variable maintenance cost, wherein the variable maintenance cost is in direct proportion to the output power of each equipment;
(2.3) establishing a price type demand response model:
describing the electrical load demand and the thermal load demand of a user by using an elastic matrix to obtain the electrical load and the thermal load after implementing demand response; the constraints of the corresponding response model include: the total amount of the electric load and the heat load is kept unchanged in a dispatching cycle, the load variation at each moment cannot exceed a preset range, and the average price of supplying power and supplying heat to users in a park cannot be higher than the purchase price;
cold load demand response model: establishing a first-order thermodynamic model of the building based on an equivalent thermal parameter method of circuit simulation, reflecting the relation between the cold load and the indoor temperature, and thus obtaining the cold load required to be provided for maintaining the indoor temperature;
and calculating the energy supply income according to the energy supply price and the energy supply.
5. The integrated energy system low-carbon dispatching method considering electric vehicles and demand responses as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2.3), the elastic thermal load ratio is smaller than the elastic electrical load ratio.
6. The integrated energy system low-carbon scheduling method considering the electric vehicle and the demand response according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2.3), the cold load demand response model represents the comfort level of the user by adopting a PMV index, and the range of the provided cold load is limited according to the PMV value.
7. The integrated energy system low-carbon dispatching method considering electric vehicles and demand responses as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (3) comprises the following sub-steps:
(3.1) constructing a model of a charging mode of the electric automobile, and obtaining charging power of different types of electric automobiles; specifically, the charging modes of the electric vehicle are divided into three categories: the first type of electric automobile is charged at rated power all the time; the second type of electric automobile allows the charging power to be less than the rated power, but cannot discharge electricity, and must be fully charged within a first preset time; the third type of electric vehicle allows the charging power to be lower than the rated power and allows discharging, but must complete charging within a second predetermined time; the first predetermined time is shorter than the second predetermined time; the charging cost is as follows from high to low: a first type electric vehicle, a second type electric vehicle, a third type electric vehicle;
(3.2) constructing a cost and profit model of the electric automobile participating in the back park; specifically, the park needs to additionally meet the electric load required by charging of the electric automobile on the basis of meeting the load of the park; in the process, the extra electric power cost purchased from the power grid and the natural gas power cost purchased from the gas grid in the park, and the output of each device in the park are increased, so that the maintenance cost is increased and is used as the cost for providing charging service for the electric automobile; and meanwhile, charging fee is collected from the charged electric automobile by the park as income.
8. The comprehensive energy system low-carbon scheduling method considering the electric vehicle and the demand response according to claim 7, wherein in the step (3.2), the charging mode of the electric vehicle can be arranged in the park under certain constraints, so that the total load of the park is more reasonable, and the operation cost is reduced, and the method comprises the following steps: for the second type of electric automobile, the park can decide the charging power at each moment; for the third type of electric vehicles, the park can decide the charging power and the discharging power at each moment.
9. The integrated energy system low-carbon dispatching method considering electric vehicles and demand response as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (4) comprises the following sub-steps:
(4.1) constructing an energy supply link carbon transaction cost model; for the integrated energy park, the carbon emission sources comprise outsourced electric power, a CHP unit and a gas boiler; according to the actual carbon emission of the comprehensive energy park, the carbon transaction cost in the energy supply link is obtained;
(4.2) constructing a mode that the electric automobile participates in carbon transaction; the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking the cost of charging piles to be built in a park as cost, obtaining carbon emission reduction benefit, and considering the carbon dioxide emission amount of the electric automobile charging pile in the building stage; and the electric automobile replaces the traditional fuel oil vehicle, the obtained core certificate voluntarily reduces the discharge capacity CCER, and the profit is obtained by selling the CCER.
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| CN115496302A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2022-12-20 | 宏景科技股份有限公司 | Distributed automatic control method and system for zero-carbon park |
| CN117808171A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-02 | 山东大学 | Low-carbon optimal scheduling method, system, storage medium and equipment for comprehensive energy system |
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| CN115496302A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2022-12-20 | 宏景科技股份有限公司 | Distributed automatic control method and system for zero-carbon park |
| CN117808171A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-02 | 山东大学 | Low-carbon optimal scheduling method, system, storage medium and equipment for comprehensive energy system |
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