CN117674141B - Double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for virtual power plant cluster - Google Patents
Double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for virtual power plant cluster Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for a virtual power plant cluster, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster; constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit; determining a free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment participating in the carbon emission right trading market; constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission; and combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model to obtain an optimal dispatch scheme. The invention can reduce the total running cost of the virtual power plant cluster and simultaneously restrict the carbon emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virtual power plant optimal scheduling, in particular to a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic scheduling method and device.
Background
The total amount of carbon emission in China is huge in scale, and various industries make many efforts for realizing carbon emission reduction. Carbon emissions trading is considered to be an effective market policy at present, and significant emissions reduction effects have been achieved in pilot sites. Meanwhile, the global carbon trade market is developed very rapidly, and the carbon trade market of European Union is taken as an example, has long development history and large carbon emission control range, has an important effect on European climate control and is considered to be a mature and effective carbon trade market. However, the development of the carbon emission right market in China is still in a starting stage, and the carbon emission right trading experience of related enterprises is insufficient, so that further analysis of the carbon emission right trading market is needed.
Efficient implementation of carbon emissions trading relies on the constraint of high carbon prices. At present, the carbon price level in China is low, and the emission reduction effect of the carbon market cannot be fully exerted. In general, the price of carbon trade depends on the decision maker's formulation, so that the carbon emission right trade market cannot reflect the dynamic supply and demand of the carbon market, and the overall emission reduction effect is affected. Meanwhile, the combined cooling, heating and power unit is used as a coupling unit, has important flexibility value in the operation of a comprehensive energy system, has much lower carbon emission than a thermal power unit, and is beneficial to the advantages of resource integration, distribution scheduling and the like, so that the virtual power plant becomes the main direction of the intelligent development of a future power grid.
The prior published patent document CN116663818A discloses a low-carbon economic dispatching method of a virtual power plant under a ladder carbon transaction mechanism, the method considers that the virtual power plant participates in carbon transaction under the ladder carbon transaction mechanism, and considers the economical efficiency of the operation of the virtual power plant while effectively reducing carbon emission, but the technical scheme does not consider the excitation effect of dynamic carbon on high-quality resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method and device for a virtual power plant cluster, which can reduce the total running cost of the virtual power plant cluster and simultaneously restrict carbon emission.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method, which comprises the following steps:
Determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
Constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit;
determining a free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment participating in the carbon emission right trading market;
Constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in a cluster;
And combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model to obtain an optimal dispatch scheme.
The method for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the virtual power plant cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster specifically comprises the following steps:
Dividing the cluster internal units into carbon-emission units and non-carbon-emission units according to whether carbon emission is generated or not;
And obtaining the output ratio of the carbon-emission units according to the output information in the clusters, and calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right trading process according to the output ratio of each carbon-emission unit.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a dynamically-changing free proportion quota model according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit, and specifically comprises the following steps: constructing quota allocation constraint according to different running states of the carbon bank unit, and respectively linearizing dynamic quota and constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method, wherein:
The quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon array unit is:
the quota allocation constraint for the unactuated carbon bank group is as follows:
The constraints of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization are:
P i,min Minimum output of the ith carbon row unit, P i,max Maximum output of the ith carbon row unit, y i,t In order to represent that the ith unit t moment satisfies the logic variable which is constrained, M is a constant and P i,t The output force of the ith carbon-displacement unit at the moment t; n c Represents a carbon-exhaust unit and is characterized in that, ωi,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t, NNc is the number of non-carbon row units and P j,t for the output force of the j-th non-carbon-row unit at the t moment,/> The electric load value is t time; p represents the number of linearization segments,/> And x L i,t,k Respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the kth section of the abscissa where the unit i is positioned at the moment t And y L i,t,k The upper limit and the lower limit of the section of the kth section of the ordinate where the machine set i is positioned at the moment t are respectively, and x i,t,kAnd y i,t,k Respectively the values of the abscissa and the ordinate of the machine set i at the moment t on the kth section, eta i,t,k And the logical relation of the section where the unit i is located at the moment t is shown.
The objective function of the lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows: the constraint of the lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows: Wherein F is 1 as the objective function of the lower model, nc is the number of carbon-row units, T is the scheduling time length, K 1 The number of carbon sections for the carbon emission trading market, C i,t,k For the price of the step carbon transaction corresponding to the ith carbon bank unit on the kth section at the moment of t, N c Represents a carbon-exhaust unit, Q i,t,k the carbon transaction amount of the unit i on the kth section at the moment t; epsilon i For the carbon emission intensity, P of the ith carbon-exhaust unit i,t For the output force omega of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t i,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t,/> free quota tonnage allocated to carbon-gang group at time t,/> Representing the carbon emission quantity, lambda of the ith carbon emission unit at t time to participate in the carbon emission right trade market i,t Constraint of corresponding Lagrangian multipliers for equations as real-time carbon trade prices; q i,t,k,maxAnd Q i,t,k,min Maximum and minimum carbon trade of unit i on kth segment,/>, respectively upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
The objective function of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows:
The constraints of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows: Wherein F is 2 is the objective function of the upper model, a i、biAnd c i is a cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit, a i GTAnd b i GT respectively the cost coefficient of the gas unit,/> The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator set electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP (CHP) generator set electricity cost coefficient,/> For the cold cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cold cost coefficient of the CHP turbine,/> For the fuel cell cold cost coefficient and the CHP unit heat cost coefficient, N G、NGT、Nwind、NCHP、NFC Nc is the number of thermal power units, gas units, wind power units, CHP units, fuel cells and carbon-exhaust units respectively,/> Electric output of the ith thermal power unit, the gas unit, the wind power unit, the CHP unit and the fuel cell at the t moment,/>, respectively And/> Respectively the cold output force of the ith wind turbine generator system and the CHP wind turbine generator system at the time t,/> And/> The heating output of the ith fuel cell and the CHP unit at the time T is respectively, T is the scheduling time length epsilon i For the carbon emission intensity, P of the ith carbon-exhaust unit i,t For the output force omega of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t i,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t,/> Free quota tonnage, lambda allocated to carbon-gang group at time t i,t Price for real-time carbon trade; /(I) For t time electrical load value,/> For the thermal load value at time t,/> for the value of the cold load at time t, P i,minAnd P i,max The lower limit and the upper limit of the output force of the ith carbon-exhaust unit are respectively set.
The upper model and the lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are combined, the upper model transmits the free quota proportion to the lower model, and the lower model transmits the real-time carbon transaction price obtained by balancing the carbon emission right to the upper model.
The characterization of the virtual power plant cluster participating in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction is specifically as follows: utilizing a strong dual theorem to convert a nonlinear term of the related carbon emission weight cost in the objective function of the upper model to obtain a conversion equation; substituting a conversion equation into an objective function of the upper model to characterize dynamic carbon emissions trading of the virtual power plant cluster.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: provided is a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching device, which comprises:
the determining module is used for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
The first construction module is used for constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid set;
The calculation module is used for determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission right trading market of the carbon emission unit at the current moment;
The second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in the cluster;
And the combination solving module is used for combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method are realized when the processor executes the computer program.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: there is provided a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method described above.
Advantageous effects
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: according to the invention, the carbon electricity optimization process of the virtual power plant cluster is comprehensively considered, the carbon trade price interval level of the whole system is reflected through the real-time trade condition of the carbon emission right market, and a better carbon emission unit is stimulated to participate in the adjustment of the virtual power plant preferentially under the same condition by a dynamic carbon quota mode, so that the total operation cost of the virtual power plant cluster is reduced, and the carbon emission is restrained to determine the optimal carbon trade scheme of the carbon emission right trade market.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a virtual power plant cluster participating in a dynamic carbon emission right trading process in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of virtual power plant cluster quota allocation under static/dynamic carbon emissions rights for a first embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The application will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present application, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
The first embodiment of the invention relates to a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method for a virtual power plant cluster, which comprehensively considers the carbon-electricity optimization process of the virtual power plant cluster, reflects the carbon trade price interval level of the whole system through the real-time trade condition of the carbon emission right market, reduces the total operation cost of the virtual power plant cluster, and determines the optimal carbon trade scheme of the carbon emission right trade market by restraining carbon emission. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
And step1, determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster.
The method comprises the steps of firstly dividing a cluster internal unit into a carbon-emission unit and a non-carbon-emission unit according to whether carbon emission is generated or not, and then obtaining the output ratio omega of the carbon-emission unit according to the output information in the cluster i,t Then calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right transaction process according to the output ratio of each carbon bank unit Wherein, the output ratio omega of the carbon-exhaust unit i,t The calculation mode of (2) is as follows:
Wherein P is i,t for the output force of the ith carbon row unit at the moment of t, P j,t the output force of the j-th non-carbon-row unit at the moment t, And for the electric load value at the time t, nc is the number of carbon-row units, and Nc is the number of non-carbon-row units.
Free quota allocation physical quantity in this embodiment For free quota tonnage, it is calculated as follows:
In the method, in the process of the invention, For the ton of free quota allocated to a carbon-emission unit at the moment t, ρ is an emission reduction coefficient, and represents the expectations of a decision maker for system emission reduction, when ρ is taken to be 1, free quota is not allocated, and all carbon emission of the system needs to be traded,/> And the carbon emission of the system under the condition that the system does not participate in the carbon market at the moment t.
And 2, constructing a free proportional quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid unit.
In the step, a free proportion quota model with dynamic change is deduced and constructed based on a McCormick method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
first introducing new parameters Wherein ψ is i,t Has no practical physical meaning and is only used for simplifying the deformation of the formula.
And then constructing quota allocation constraint according to different running states of the carbon bank unit, and respectively carrying out linearization treatment on the dynamic quota and constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method.
The quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon bank group is expressed as:
Wherein P is i,min Minimum output of the ith carbon row unit, P i,max Maximum output of the ith carbon-exhaust unit, N c Represents a carbon-exhaust unit, y i,t In order to express that the ith unit t moment satisfies the logic variable of constraint establishment, when y i,t when the value is 1, this indicates that the constraint is satisfied, whereas when the constraint is not satisfied, M is a constant, and the value is 106 in this embodiment. The constraint means that the output force of the carbon-exhaust unit is in the maximum and minimum range, namely when the carbon-exhaust unit is started, the output force ratio omega is calculated i,t And allocating free quota to the corresponding carbon bank unit.
Quota allocation constraints for an unactuated carbon bank group are expressed as:
The constraint means that no free quota is allocated to a certain un-started carbon-gang group.
The constraint of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization is expressed as:
Wherein p represents the number of linearization segments, And x L i,t,k Respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the kth section of the abscissa where the unit i is positioned at the moment t And y L i,t,k The upper limit and the lower limit of the section of the kth section of the ordinate where the machine set i is positioned at the moment t are respectively, and x i,t,kAnd y i,t,k Respectively the values of the abscissa and the ordinate of the machine set i at the moment t on the kth section, eta i,t,k Representing the logical relation of the section where the unit i is located at the moment t, and when eta i,t,k When 1 is taken, it is indicated that the interval/> Is a kind of medium.
And 3, determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment in the carbon emission right trading market. Specifically, the carbon-emission-right trade is limited by the carbon market scale, and the upper and lower limits of the carbon-emission-right trade interval scale are defined as Q i,t,k,min≤Qi,t,k≤Qi,t,k,max Wherein Q is i,t,k For the carbon transaction amount of the unit i on the kth segment at the moment of t, Q i,t,k,maxAnd Q i,t,k,min The maximum and minimum carbon trade values of the unit i on the kth segment are respectively obtained. Based on the collected free proportional quota Obtaining the carbon emission/>, of the ith carbon emission unit at the moment t, which participates in the carbon emission right trading market And the total carbon emission mapping of the carbon-exhaust unit on the transaction interval is required to be smaller than the maximum value Q of the transaction of the ith carbon-exhaust unit i,max . Wherein ε i The carbon emission intensity of the ith carbon exhaust unit.
And 4, constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission. The two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, where an upper-layer model in the two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at minimizing the total running cost of the virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower-layer model in the two-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at minimizing the trading cost of carbon emission rights of the carbon emission units in the cluster.
For carbon-displacement units, there is a carbon emissions trading balance equation:
Wherein K is 1 The number of carbon segments for the carbon emissions trading market. The balance equation is defined as that the balance equation exists between the carbon emission amount of a certain carbon bank group i after being counteracted by free quota at the moment t and the carbon market transaction interval.
Based on the carbon emission right trade balancing equation, taking the total purchase carbon emission right cost of cluster resources as a target, establishing a lower model, wherein the objective function of the lower model is as follows: the equality constraint is: The inequality constraint is:
Q i,t,k,min≤Qi,t,k≤Qi,t,k,max: Lagrangian multiplier lambda corresponding to equality constraint i,t As a real-time carbon trade price.
Wherein C is i,t,k For the price of the ladder carbon transaction corresponding to the ith carbon bank unit on the kth section at the moment t, upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
The method comprises the steps of taking the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources as a target, establishing an objective function of an upper model, wherein the objective function of the upper model comprises cluster thermal power resource running cost, wind power resource running cost, gas resource running cost, CHP power supply, heat supply, cold supply cost, fuel cell power supply, heat supply cost and carbon emission right transaction cost, and therefore the objective function of the upper model is as follows:
The constraint conditions comprise cluster electric power balance constraint, thermal power balance constraint, cold power balance constraint and unit operation inequality constraint, and the constraint conditions are expressed as:
Wherein a is i、biAnd c i is a cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit, a i GTAnd b i GT Respectively the cost coefficient of the gas unit, C i wind、 The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator set electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP (CHP) generator set electricity cost coefficient,/> For the cold cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cold cost coefficient of the CHP turbine,/> For the fuel cell cold cost coefficient and the CHP unit heat cost coefficient, N G、NGT、Nwind、NCHP、NFC Nc is the number of thermal power units, gas units, wind power units, CHP units, fuel cells and carbon-exhaust units respectively,/> Electric output of the ith thermal power unit, the gas unit, the wind power unit, the CHP unit and the fuel cell at the t moment,/>, respectively And/> Respectively the cold output force of the ith wind turbine generator system and the CHP wind turbine generator system at the time t,/> And/> The heating output of the ith fuel cell and the CHP unit at the time T is respectively calculated, and T is the scheduling time.
And 5, combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
In this step, the upper model will be free quota proportion ω i,t Transmitting to the lower model, wherein the lower model balances the carbon emission right to obtain the real-time carbon transaction price lambda i,t Transferred to the upper layer model. For the carbon-discharge unit, the electric quantity discharged to the electric power market is constrained by self quotation and carbon emission reduction, so that the operation of the carbon market can influence the discharged electric quantity of each unit of the electric power market after the carbon quota cost required by each unit is added in the electric power price of the electric power market according to the low quotation priority discharging rule of the electric power market. Meanwhile, as part of free quota is issued according to the electric power market quota clearing capacity proportion, when a unit carries out carbon market quota clearing transaction, proper quota amount is selected for buying and selling according to the actual clearing capacity of the electric power market, and therefore the operation of the electric power market can also affect the carbon market.
The method comprises the steps of converting a nonlinear term of related carbon emission weight cost in an objective function of an upper model by utilizing a strong dual theorem to obtain a conversion equation:
substituting the conversion equation into the objective function of the upper model to represent the dynamic carbon emission right trade of the virtual power plant cluster, then obtaining:
The method comprises the steps of converting a double-layer nonlinear optimization model into a single-layer linear optimization model through a formula, realizing dynamic carbon emission right transaction of a virtual power plant cluster under electric carbon coupling, and obtaining an optimal scheduling scheme through solving the single-layer linear optimization model. FIG. 4 is a graph of virtual power plant cluster quota allocation under static/dynamic carbon emissions rights obtained using the method of the present embodiment.
According to the invention, the carbon electricity optimization process of the virtual power plant cluster is comprehensively considered, the carbon trade price interval level of the whole system is reflected through the real-time trade condition of the carbon emission right market, and a better carbon emission unit is stimulated to participate in the adjustment of the virtual power plant preferentially under the same condition by a dynamic carbon quota mode, so that the total operation cost of the virtual power plant cluster is reduced, and the carbon emission is restrained to determine the optimal carbon trade scheme of the carbon emission right trade market.
The second embodiment of the invention relates to a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching device for a virtual power plant cluster, which comprises the following components:
the determining module is used for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
The first construction module is used for constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid set;
The calculation module is used for determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission right trading market of the carbon emission unit at the current moment;
The second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in the cluster;
And the combination solving module is used for combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
The determining module includes:
the classification unit is used for dividing the cluster internal units into carbon-emission units and non-carbon-emission units according to whether carbon emission is generated or not;
the calculation unit is used for obtaining the output ratio of the carbon-emission units according to the output information in the clusters, and calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right trading process according to the output ratio of each carbon-emission unit.
The first construction module performs linearization processing on the dynamic quota and the constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method, wherein:
The quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon array unit is:
the quota allocation constraint for the unactuated carbon bank group is as follows:
The constraints of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization are:
P i,min Minimum output of the ith carbon row unit, P i,max Maximum output of the ith carbon row unit, y i,t In order to represent that the ith unit t moment satisfies the logic variable which is constrained, M is a constant and P i,t the output force of the ith carbon-displacement unit at the moment t; ωi,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t, NNc is the number of non-carbon row units and P j,t for the output force of the j-th non-carbon-row unit at the t moment,/> The electric load value is t time; p represents the number of linearization segments,/> And x L i,t,k Respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the kth section of the abscissa where the unit i is positioned at the moment t And y L i,t,k The upper limit and the lower limit of the section of the kth section of the ordinate where the machine set i is positioned at the moment t are respectively, and x i,t,kAnd y i,t,k Respectively the values of the abscissa and the ordinate of the machine set i at the moment t on the kth section, eta i,t,k And the logical relation of the section where the unit i is located at the moment t is shown.
The objective function of the lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows: The constraint of the lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows: /(I) Wherein F is 1 as the objective function of the lower model, nc is the number of carbon-row units, T is the scheduling time length, K 1 The number of carbon sections for the carbon emission trading market, C i,t,k for the price of the step carbon transaction corresponding to the ith carbon bank unit on the kth section at the moment of t, Q i,t,k the carbon transaction amount of the unit i on the kth section at the moment t; epsilon i For the carbon emission intensity, P of the ith carbon-exhaust unit i,t For the output force omega of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t i,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon-exhaust unit at the moment of t, E t p free quota tonnage allocated to carbon-gang group at time t,/> Representing the carbon emission quantity, lambda of the ith carbon emission unit at t time to participate in the carbon emission right trade market i,t Constraint of corresponding Lagrangian multipliers for equations as real-time carbon trade prices; q i,t,k,maxAnd Q i,t,k,min Maximum and minimum carbon trade of unit i on kth segment,/>, respectively upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
The objective function of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows:
The constraints of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows:
Wherein F is 2 is the objective function of the upper model, a i、biAnd c i is a cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit, a i GTAnd b i GT Respectively the cost coefficients of the gas units, The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator set electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP (CHP) generator set electricity cost coefficient,/> For the cold cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cold cost coefficient of the CHP turbine,/> For the fuel cell cold cost coefficient and the CHP unit heat cost coefficient, N G、NGT、Nwind、NCHP、NFC Nc is the number of thermal power units, gas units, wind power units, CHP units, fuel cells and carbon-exhaust units respectively,/> Electric output of the ith thermal power unit, the gas unit, the wind power unit, the CHP unit and the fuel cell at the t moment,/>, respectively And/> Respectively the cold output force of the ith wind turbine generator system and the CHP wind turbine generator system at the time t,/> And/> The heating output of the ith fuel cell and the CHP unit at the time T is respectively, T is the scheduling time length epsilon i For the carbon emission intensity, P of the ith carbon-exhaust unit i,t For the output force omega of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t i,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t,/> Free quota tonnage, lambda allocated to carbon-gang group at time t i,t Price for real-time carbon trade; /(I) For t time electrical load value,/> For the thermal load value at time t,/> for the value of the cold load at time t, P i,minAnd P i,max The lower limit and the upper limit of the output force of the ith carbon-exhaust unit are respectively set.
The upper model and the lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are combined, the upper model transmits the free quota proportion to the lower model, and the lower model transmits the real-time carbon transaction price obtained by balancing the carbon emission right to the upper model.
The characterization of the virtual power plant cluster participating in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction is specifically as follows: utilizing a strong dual theorem to convert a nonlinear term of the related carbon emission weight cost in the objective function of the upper model to obtain a conversion equation; substituting a conversion equation into an objective function of the upper model to characterize dynamic carbon emissions trading of the virtual power plant cluster.
The third embodiment of the invention relates to an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method are realized when the processor executes the computer program.
A fourth embodiment of the invention relates to a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method described above.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching method for the virtual power plant cluster is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
According to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit, a free proportion quota model with dynamic change is built, specifically: constructing quota allocation constraint according to different running states of the carbon bank unit, respectively linearizing dynamic quota and constraint application logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method, wherein,
The quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon array unit is:
the quota allocation constraint for the unactuated carbon bank group is as follows:
The constraints of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization are:
P i,min Minimum output of the ith carbon row unit, P i,max Maximum output of the ith carbon row unit, y i,t In order to represent that the ith unit t moment satisfies the logic variable which is constrained, M is a constant and P i,t The output force of the ith carbon-displacement unit at the moment t; n c Represents a carbon-exhaust unit and is characterized in that, ωi,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t, NNc is the number of non-carbon row units and P j,t for the output force of the j-th non-carbon-row unit at the t moment,/> the electric load value is t time; p represents the number of linearization segments and, And x L i,t,k Respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the kth section of the abscissa where the unit i is positioned at the moment t And y L i,t,k The upper limit and the lower limit of the section of the kth section of the ordinate where the machine set i is positioned at the moment t are respectively, and x i,t,kAnd y i,t,k Respectively the values of the abscissa and the ordinate of the machine set i at the moment t on the kth section, eta i,t,k Representing the logic relation of the section where the unit i is located at the moment t;
determining a free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission unit at the current moment participating in the carbon emission right trading market;
Constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in a cluster;
And combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model to obtain an optimal dispatch scheme.
2. The method for dual-layer low-carbon economic dispatch of a virtual power plant cluster according to claim 1, wherein the determining the free quota allocation ratio of each carbon bank group in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster specifically comprises:
Dividing the cluster internal units into carbon-emission units and non-carbon-emission units according to whether carbon emission is generated or not;
And obtaining the output ratio of the carbon-emission units according to the output information in the clusters, and calculating the free quota allocation physical quantity in the carbon emission right trading process according to the output ratio of each carbon-emission unit.
3. The virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method of claim 1, wherein an objective function of a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is: The constraint of the lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is as follows: /(I)
Wherein F is 1 as the objective function of the lower model, nc is the number of carbon-row units, T is the scheduling time length, K 1 The number of carbon sections for the carbon emission trading market, C i,t,k For the price of the step carbon transaction corresponding to the ith carbon bank unit on the kth section at the moment of t, N c Represents a carbon-exhaust unit, Q i,t,k the carbon transaction amount of the unit i on the kth section at the moment t; epsilon i For the carbon emission intensity, P of the ith carbon-exhaust unit i,t For the output force omega of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t i,t The output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t, free quota tonnage allocated to carbon-gang group at time t,/> Representing the carbon emission quantity, lambda of the ith carbon emission unit at t time to participate in the carbon emission right trade market i,t Constraint of corresponding Lagrangian multipliers for equations as real-time carbon trade prices; q i,t,k,maxAnd Q i,t,k,min Maximum and minimum carbon trade of unit i on kth segment,/>, respectively upper and lower bound pairs of inequality constraints, respectively.
4. The virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method of claim 1, wherein an objective function of an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model is:
The constraints of the upper model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model are as follows:
Wherein F is 2 is the objective function of the upper model, a i、biAnd c i is a cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit, a i GTAnd b i GT Respectively the cost coefficient of the gas unit, C i wind、/> The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining a wind turbine generator set electricity cost coefficient, a fuel cell and a CHP (CHP) generator set electricity cost coefficient,/> For the cold cost coefficient of the wind turbine and the cold cost coefficient of the CHP turbine,/> For the fuel cell cold cost coefficient and the CHP unit heat cost coefficient, N G、NGT、Nwind、NCHP、NFC Nc is the number of thermal power units, gas units, wind power units, CHP units, fuel cells and carbon-exhaust units respectively,/> Electric output of the ith thermal power unit, the gas unit, the wind power unit, the CHP unit and the fuel cell at the t moment,/>, respectively And/> Respectively the cold output force of the ith wind turbine generator system and the CHP wind turbine generator system at the time t,/> And/> The heating output of the ith fuel cell and the CHP unit at the time T is respectively, T is the scheduling time length epsilon i For the carbon emission intensity, P of the ith carbon-exhaust unit i,t For the output force omega of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t i,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t,/> Free quota tonnage, lambda allocated to carbon-gang group at time t i,t Price for real-time carbon trade; /(I) For t time electrical load value,/> For the thermal load value at time t,/> for the value of the cold load at time t, P i,minAnd P i,max The lower limit and the upper limit of the output force of the ith carbon-exhaust unit are respectively set.
5. The method for dispatching a virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economy according to claim 1, wherein the combination of an upper layer model and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economy dispatching model means that the upper layer model transmits a free quota proportion to the lower layer model, and the lower layer model transmits a real-time carbon transaction price obtained by balancing carbon emission right transaction to the upper layer model.
6. The method for dual-layer low-carbon economic dispatch of a virtual power plant cluster according to claim 1, wherein the characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right trade is specifically as follows: utilizing a strong dual theorem to convert a nonlinear term of the related carbon emission weight cost in the objective function of the upper model to obtain a conversion equation; substituting a conversion equation into an objective function of the upper model to characterize dynamic carbon emissions trading of the virtual power plant cluster.
7. A virtual power plant cluster double-deck low-carbon economic dispatch device, comprising:
the determining module is used for determining the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon bank unit in the cluster according to the output information of the virtual power plant cluster;
The first construction module is used for constructing a free proportion quota model with dynamic change according to the free quota allocation proportion of each carbon-grid set; the first construction module respectively performs linearization processing on the dynamic quota and the constraint applying logic by using a McCormick method and a large M method, wherein,
The quota allocation constraint for the activated carbon array unit is:
the quota allocation constraint for the unactuated carbon bank group is as follows:
The constraints of the dynamic quota segment mccomick linearization are:
P i,min Minimum output of the ith carbon row unit, P i,max Maximum output of the ith carbon row unit, y i,t In order to represent that the ith unit t moment satisfies the logic variable which is constrained, M is a constant and P i,t The output force of the ith carbon-displacement unit at the moment t;
ωi,t For the output ratio of the ith carbon row unit at the moment t, NNc is the number of non-carbon row units and P j,t for the output force of the j-th non-carbon-row unit at the t moment,/> The electric load value is t time; p represents the number of linearization segments,/> And x L i,t,k Respectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the kth section of the abscissa where the unit i is positioned at the moment t And y L i,t,k The upper limit and the lower limit of the section of the kth section of the ordinate where the machine set i is positioned at the moment t are respectively, and x i,t,kAnd y i,t,k Respectively the values of the abscissa and the ordinate of the machine set i at the moment t on the kth section, eta i,t,k Representing the logic relation of the section where the unit i is located at the moment t;
The calculation module is used for determining the free proportion quota at the current moment according to the free proportion quota model and calculating the total carbon emission of the carbon emission right trading market of the carbon emission unit at the current moment;
The second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model according to the total carbon emission, wherein an upper layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum total running cost of virtual power plant cluster resources, and a lower layer model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch model aims at the minimum trading cost of carbon emission rights of a carbon emission unit in the cluster;
And the combination solving module is used for combining an upper model and a lower model in the double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model, characterizing the participation of the virtual power plant cluster in the dynamic carbon emission right transaction, and solving the combined double-layer low-carbon economic dispatching model to obtain an optimal dispatching scheme.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method according to any one of claims 1-6 when the computer program is executed.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the virtual power plant cluster double-layer low-carbon economic dispatch method according to any one of claims 1-6.
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