CN117658531B - Method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and waste asphalt and preparing hydrophobic solid bricks - Google Patents
Method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and waste asphalt and preparing hydrophobic solid bricks Download PDFInfo
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- CN117658531B CN117658531B CN202410116224.2A CN202410116224A CN117658531B CN 117658531 B CN117658531 B CN 117658531B CN 202410116224 A CN202410116224 A CN 202410116224A CN 117658531 B CN117658531 B CN 117658531B
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- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical group O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FGZBFIYFJUAETR-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;silicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] FGZBFIYFJUAETR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000185 dioxinlike effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].ClOCl IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Si+4] ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003321 atomic absorption spectrophotometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004896 high resolution mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/26—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
- C04B18/088—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash in high volume fly ash compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and waste asphalt and preparing hydrophobic solid bricks. Crushing waste asphalt, boric sludge and waste incineration fly ash into powder to obtain asphalt fly ash powder; carbonizing to obtain carbonized material, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain carbonized coarse powder; mixing smelting slag and carbonized coarse powder, and grinding into powder to obtain metallurgical slag mixed powder; calcining, taking out calcined slag, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain detoxified active material powder; mixing waste asphalt and detoxication active material powder, and crushing the mixture into powder to obtain asphalt active detoxication powder; and (3) uniformly mixing water and asphalt active detoxicated powder, putting the mixture into a mould for hot pressing, cooling and naturally curing to obtain the hydrophobic solid brick. The method has simple process, the minimum strength loss rate of the obtained hydrophobic solid brick is lower than 3.1%, the leaching concentration of heavy metal is lower than 0.01mg/L, the chlorine content is lower than 0.02%, the dioxin content is lower than 4ng TEQ/kg, and the hydrophobic rate is higher than 0.98.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of harmless treatment of hazardous waste and cooperative recycling of solid waste, and particularly relates to a method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and waste asphalt and preparing a hydrophobic solid brick.
Background
Waste asphalt refers to asphalt which is used, aged or unqualified, is usually obtained from engineering such as road maintenance, building demolition and the like, and the treatment and recycling of the waste asphalt are of great significance for environmental protection and resource conservation.
The treatment mode for the waste asphalt comprises the following steps: recycling, landfill treatment, incineration treatment, recycling of building materials, filling of road base materials, and the like. The waste asphalt regeneration treatment method comprises thermal regeneration, cold regeneration, chemical regeneration and the like, wherein the thermal regeneration is to heat the waste asphalt to a certain temperature to volatilize light components in the waste asphalt, and then to add new asphalt materials for mixing. The waste asphalt is used as solid waste for landfill, so that the pollution of the waste asphalt to the environment can be effectively reduced, but a large amount of land resources are occupied, and the recycling of the waste asphalt is not realized in a real sense. Waste asphalt is subjected to high-temperature incineration treatment, and is converted into heat energy and harmless gas. The method can effectively reduce the volume of the waste asphalt, but can generate certain environmental pollution. In general, the treatment and recycling of waste asphalt is a complex process, and a proper treatment method is required to be selected according to specific situations.
The waste incineration fly ash is a disposal matter generated in the waste incineration process, contains toxic substances such as heavy metals, dioxins and the like, is listed in the national hazardous waste directory, and needs to be managed and disposed according to hazardous wastes.
If the waste incineration fly ash and the waste asphalt can be cooperatively utilized to prepare the building material product, not only the technical reference is provided for harmless disposal of the waste incineration fly ash, but also a new idea is provided for resource development of the waste asphalt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and waste asphalt and preparing hydrophobic solid bricks. The preparation process is simple, and the waste incineration fly ash and the waste asphalt are cooperatively utilized to prepare the hydrophobic solid brick.
The technical scheme is as follows: the aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and waste asphalt and preparing hydrophobic solid bricks, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing waste asphalt, boric sludge and waste incineration fly ash into powder to obtain asphalt fly ash powder;
(2) Carbonizing the asphalt fly ash powder prepared in the step (1), cooling the obtained carbonized material to room temperature, and grinding the carbonized material into powder to obtain carbonized coarse powder;
(3) Mixing smelting slag and carbonized coarse powder prepared in the step (2), and grinding into powder to obtain metallurgical slag mixed powder;
(4) Calcining the metallurgical slag mixed powder prepared in the step (3), taking out calcined slag, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain detoxicated active material powder;
(5) Mixing waste asphalt with the detoxicated active material powder prepared in the step (4), and crushing the mixture into powder to obtain asphalt active detoxicated powder;
(6) Mixing water and the asphalt active detoxication powder prepared in the step (5), uniformly stirring, putting into a mould for hot pressing, cooling and naturally curing to obtain the hydrophobic solid brick.
Reaction mechanism:
in the heating carbonization process of the asphalt fly ash powder, inorganic salts such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, basic calcium chloride and the like in the waste incineration fly ash promote the cracking of organic matters in the waste asphalt, induce hydrodeoxygenation and realize the rapid carbonization of the waste asphalt; the small molecular organic gas released in the pyrolysis process of the waste asphalt excites silicate and magnesium salt in the boric sludge to react with calcium-based materials in the waste incineration fly ash to generate active calcium-magnesium silicate gel materials, and the released small molecular organic gas also induces the cracking and decomposition of dioxin in the waste incineration fly ash; on the surface of the formed asphalt carbon, the chloride salt in the waste incineration fly ash reacts with heavy metal pollutants through carbothermal chlorination to form heavy metal chloride gas, so that the heavy metal pollutants are removed.
Calcining the metallurgical slag mixed powder, and reacting silicate, aluminosilicate, iron aluminum salt, phosphate and the like in the metallurgical slag with the active calcium magnesium silicate gel material, magnesium salt and residual chloride salt in the carbonized coarse powder in a high-temperature environment to form the high-activity calcium magnesium aluminosilicate, magnesium oxychloride cement and magnesium silicate based gel mixture. In the calcination process, the carbon materials in the carbonized coarse powder are oxidized to form overheated carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the formed overheated carbon dioxide and water vapor can activate the reaction process to accelerate the reaction of the smelting slag and the carbonized coarse powder.
Mixing water and asphalt active detoxication powder, and enabling the water to react with the active gel mixture in the asphalt active detoxication powder quickly to form gel, wherein the gel wraps the waste asphalt powder. In the hot pressing process, the gel is quickly hardened, and the asphalt powder is softened and melted and is diffused to the gaps and the surfaces of the solidified body, so that the hydrophobic solid brick is formed.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boric sludge and the waste incineration fly ash is 20-60:20-40:100.
Preferably, in the step (2), the carbonization temperature is 450-750 ℃, and the carbonization time is 0.5-2.5 hours.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is 40-80:100.
Further, in the step (3), the smelting slag is any one of blast furnace slag, steel slag or yellow phosphorus slag.
Preferably, in the step (4), the calcination temperature is 750-1250 ℃, and the calcination time is 0.5-4.5 hours.
Preferably, in the step (5), the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxicated active material powder is 30-50:100.
Preferably, in the step (6), the liquid-solid ratio of the water to the asphalt active detoxification powder is 60-120:100 mL/g.
Preferably, in the step (6), the hot pressing temperature is 120-240 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 5-25 minutes.
Preferably, in the step (6), the natural curing time is 2-6 days.
Advantageous effects
The method has simple process, the minimum strength loss rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is lower than 3.1%, the leaching concentration of heavy metals is lower than 0.01mg/L, the chlorine content is lower than 0.02%, the dioxin content is lower than 4ng TEQ/kg, and the hydrophobic rate is higher than 0.98.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below through specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
The specific techniques or conditions are not identified in the examples and are described in the literature in this field or are carried out in accordance with the product specifications. The reagents or equipment used were conventional products available for purchase through regular channels, with no manufacturer noted.
The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the examples described below, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available products.
The flow chart of the method of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the technical scheme of the invention is further described with reference to fig. 1.
Waste incineration fly ash: is provided by a second household garbage incineration power plant which is normally in Jiangsu, and mainly comprises 36.2 percent of CaO, 23.9 percent of Cl and 11.0 percent of SO 3 、11.6%Na 2 O、6.33%K 2 O、4.38%SiO 2 、1.40%Fe 2 O 3 、1.25%Al 2 O 3 And other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
blast furnace slag: from Longteng Steel Co., ltd., mainly comprising 42.21% CaO, 37.52% SiO 2 、10.05%Al 2 O 3 、4.62%MgO、2.39%TiO 2 、2.45%SO 3 And other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
steel slag: from the company of Longteng, inc., mainly including 39.61% CaO and 17.38% Fe 2 O 3 、14.05%SiO 2 、6.92%MgO、3.32%P 2 O 5 、3.16%MnO、1.89%Al 2 O 3 And other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
boron mud: the boron mud storage yard of the Liaoning Yingkou Daqing river mainly comprises 48.54 percent of MgO and 27.75 percent of SiO 2 、13.36%CaO、2.94%Al 2 O 3 、1.48%Na 2 O、0.21%P 2 O 5 、0.36%SO 3 And other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
yellow phosphorus slag: the yellow phosphorus factory at the side of the Yunnan screen mainly comprises 35.59 percent of SiO 2 、50.72%CaO、0.65%Fe 2 O 3 、3.15%Al 2 O 3 、2.06%MgO、1.53%P 2 O 5 3.12% fluoride and other ingredients (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition).
Example 1 influence of waste asphalt, boric sludge, and fly ash from refuse incineration on the Property of the produced hydrophobic solid brick
Mixing waste asphalt, boric sludge and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 12.5:20:100, 15:20:100, 17.5:20:100, 20:12.5:100, 20:15:100, 20:17.5:100, 20:20:100, 40:20:100, 60:20:100, 20:30:100, 40:30:100, 60:30:100, 20:40:100, 40:40:100, 60:45:100, 60:50:100, 60:55:100, 65:40:100, 70:40:100 and 75:40:100, and crushing into powder to obtain the leaching mud fly ash powder. Carbonizing the asphalt fly ash powder for 0.5 hour, cooling the obtained carbonized material to room temperature, and grinding the carbonized material into powder to obtain carbonized coarse powder, wherein the carbonization temperature is 450 ℃. Mixing smelting slag and carbonized coarse powder according to a mass ratio of 40:100, mixing, grinding into powder, and obtaining metallurgical slag mixed powder, wherein the smelting slag is blast furnace slag. Calcining the metallurgical slag mixed powder for 0.5 hour, taking out calcined slag, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain detoxicated active material powder, wherein the calcining temperature is 750 ℃. Mixing the waste asphalt and the detoxicated active material powder according to a ratio of 30:100, and crushing the mixture into powder to obtain the asphalt active detoxicated powder. Mixing water and asphalt active detoxicated powder according to a liquid-solid ratio of 60:100mL/g, stirring uniformly, putting into a mould, hot-pressing for 5 minutes at 120 ℃, cooling and naturally curing for 2 days to obtain the hydrophobic solid brick.
Preparing leaching liquid: the leaching solution of the hydrophobic solid brick prepared by the invention is prepared according to HJ 557-2010-solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method horizontal oscillation method;
and (3) measuring the concentration of heavy metal ions in the hydrophobic solid brick leaching solution: the concentrations of two pollutants of lead and cadmium in the hydrophobic solid brick leaching solution are measured according to the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (HJ 776-2015) for measuring 32 elements of water quality. The total chromium in the hydrophobic solid brick leaching solution is measured according to the method of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry for measuring water quality chromium (HJ 757-2015);
determination of dioxin-like substances in hydrophobic solid bricks: the dioxin-like substances were measured according to "solid waste dioxin-like measurement isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry" (HJ 77.3-2008).
Determination of chlorine content: the chlorine content in the hydrophobic solid brick is measured according to the construction sand (GB/T14684-2011);
seawater soaking and strength loss calculation: completely soaking a 28-day-age test piece (hydrophobic solid brick) in seawater for 30 days, taking out the test piece for strength test, wherein the strength loss rate of the salt-immersed test piece is equal to the difference between the strength of the non-soaked 28-day-age test piece and the strength of the soaked test piece divided by the percentage of the strength of the non-soaked 28-day-age test piece;
and (3) hydrophobicity test of the hydrophobic solid brick: the hydrophobicity test of the hydrophobic solid brick is performed with reference to the method for testing hydrophobicity of Heat insulation Material (GB/T10299).
The test results of this example are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of waste asphalt, boric sludge, and fly ash from refuse incineration on the Property of the produced hydrophobic solid bricks
As can be seen from table 1, when the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boron mud, and the waste incineration fly ash is less than 20:20:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boron mud, and the waste incineration fly ash is 17.5:20:100, 15:20:100, 12.5:20:100, 20:17.5:100, 20:15:100, and 20:12.5:100, and the lower ratio not listed in table 1), the addition amounts of the waste asphalt and the boron mud are small, the addition amount of the waste incineration fly ash is excessive, so that the production amounts of the carbon material and the active calcium magnesium silicate gel material are reduced, and the heavy metal leaching concentration, the chlorine content, the dioxin content, and the strength loss rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick are all increased as the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boron mud, and the waste incineration fly ash is reduced. When the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the boric sludge to the waste incineration fly ash is 20-60:20-40:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the boric sludge to the waste incineration fly ash is 20:20:100, 40:20:100, 60:20:100, 20:30:100, 40:30:100, 60:30:100, 20:40:100, 40:40:100, 60:40:100), in the heating carbonization process of the waste asphalt fly ash powder, inorganic salts such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and basic calcium chloride in the waste incineration fly ash promote the cracking of organic matters in the waste asphalt, induce hydrodeoxygenation and realize the rapid carbonization of the waste asphalt; the silicate and magnesium salt in the boric sludge are excited by the micromolecular organic gas released in the pyrolysis process of the waste asphalt to react with the calcium-based material in the waste incineration fly ash to generate an active calcium magnesium silicate cementing material, and the released micromolecular organic gas can induce the cracking and decomposition of dioxin in the waste incineration fly ash; on the surface of the formed asphalt carbon, the chloride salt in the waste incineration fly ash reacts with heavy metal pollutants through carbothermal chlorination to form heavy metal chloride gas, so that the heavy metal pollutants are removed. Finally, the heavy metal leaching concentration of the hydrophobic solid bricks is lower than 0.2mg/L, the chlorine content is lower than 0.4%, the dioxin substances are lower than 17ng-TEQ/kg, the strength loss rate is lower than 11%, and the hydrophobic rate is higher than 95%. When the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boron mud and the waste incineration fly ash is greater than 60:40:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boron mud and the waste incineration fly ash is 60:45:100, 60:50:100, 60:55:100, 65:40:100, 70:40:100, 75:40:100 and higher ratio not listed in table 1), the waste asphalt and the boron mud are excessively added, insufficient carbonization and reduced in material gelation property, so that the heavy metal leaching concentration, chlorine content and dioxin content strength loss rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick are all increased along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boron mud and the waste incineration fly ash, and the hydrophobic rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is reduced along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boron mud and the waste incineration fly ash. Therefore, in general, the benefits and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the boric sludge to the waste incineration fly ash is 20-60:20-40:100, the performance of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is most beneficial to improvement.
Example 2 influence of the mass ratio of smelting slag and carbonized coarse powder on the Properties of the produced hydrophobic solid bricks
Mixing waste asphalt, boric sludge and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 60:40:100, and crushing into powder to obtain asphalt fly ash powder. Carbonizing the asphalt fly ash powder for 1.5 hours, cooling the obtained carbonized material to room temperature, and grinding the carbonized material into powder to obtain carbonized coarse powder, wherein the carbonization temperature is 600 ℃. Mixing smelting slag and carbonized coarse powder according to the mass ratio of 25:100, 30:100, 35:100, 40:100, 60:100, 80:100, 85:100, 90:100 and 95:100, mixing, and grinding into powder to obtain metallurgical slag mixed powder, wherein the smelting slag is steel slag. Calcining the metallurgical slag mixed powder for 2.5 hours, taking out calcined slag, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain detoxified active material powder, wherein the calcining temperature is 1000 ℃. Mixing the waste asphalt and the detoxicated active material powder according to a ratio of 40:100, and crushing the mixture into powder to obtain the asphalt active detoxicated powder. Mixing water and asphalt active detoxicated powder according to a liquid-solid ratio of 90:100mL/g, stirring uniformly, putting into a mould, hot-pressing for 15 minutes at 180 ℃, cooling and naturally curing for 4 days to obtain the hydrophobic solid brick.
The preparation of the leaching solution, the measurement of the concentration of heavy metal ions in the leaching solution of the hydrophobic solid bricks, the measurement of dioxin-like substances in the hydrophobic solid bricks, the measurement of chlorine content, the calculation of seawater soaking and strength loss, and the hydrophobicity test of the hydrophobic solid bricks are the same as in example 1, and the test results of this example are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of the mass ratio of smelting slag to carbonized coarse powder on the properties of the prepared hydrophobic solid bricks
As can be seen from table 2, when the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is less than 40:100 (as in table 2, when the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is 35:100, 30:100, 25:100 and the lower ratio not listed in table 2), the addition amount of the smelting slag is small, the gelling mixture is reduced, the reaction efficiency of the smelting slag and the carbonized coarse powder is reduced, and the heavy metal leaching concentration, chlorine content, dioxin content and strength loss rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick are all increased along with the reduction of the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder, and the hydrophobicity rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is reduced along with the reduction of the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder. When the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is 40-80:100 (as shown in table 2, when the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is 40:100, 60:100 and 80:100), the mixed powder of the metallurgical slag is calcined, and silicate, aluminosilicate, iron aluminum salt, phosphate and the like in the smelting slag react with the active calcium magnesium silicate cementing material, magnesium salt and residual chloride salt in the carbonized coarse powder in a high-temperature environment to form the high-activity calcium magnesium aluminosilicate, magnesium oxychloride cement and magnesium silicate-based cementing mixture. In the calcination process, the carbon materials in the carbonized coarse powder are oxidized to form overheated carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the formed overheated carbon dioxide and water vapor can activate the reaction process to accelerate the reaction of the smelting slag and the carbonized coarse powder. Finally, the heavy metal leaching concentration of the hydrophobic solid bricks is lower than 0.1mg/L, the chlorine content is lower than 0.2%, the dioxin substances are lower than 5ng-TEQ/kg, the strength loss rate is lower than 6%, and the hydrophobic rate is higher than 96%. When the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is greater than 80:100 (as in table 2, when the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is 85:100, 90:100, 95:100 and higher ratios not listed in table 2), the smelting slag is excessively added, the gelation property of the material is reduced, the reaction of the material is unbalanced, the strength loss rate of heavy metal leaching concentration, chlorine content and dioxin content of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is increased along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder, and the hydrophobicity of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is reduced along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder. Therefore, in general, the combination of benefits and costs is most beneficial to improving the performance of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick when the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is equal to 40-80:100.
Example 3 influence of the mass ratio of waste asphalt and detoxified active Material powder on the Property of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick
Mixing waste asphalt, boric sludge and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 60:40:100, and crushing into powder to obtain asphalt fly ash powder. Carbonizing the asphalt fly ash powder for 2.5 hours, cooling the obtained carbonized material to room temperature, and grinding the carbonized material into powder to obtain carbonized coarse powder, wherein the carbonization temperature is 750 ℃. Mixing smelting slag and carbonized coarse powder according to the mass ratio of 80:100, mixing, grinding into powder, and obtaining metallurgical slag mixed powder, wherein the smelting slag is yellow phosphorus slag. Calcining the metallurgical slag mixed powder for 4.5 hours, taking out calcined slag, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain detoxified active material powder, wherein the calcining temperature is 1250 ℃. Mixing waste asphalt and detoxified active material powder according to 22.5:100, 25:100, 27.5:100, 30:100, 40:100, 50:100, 55:100, 60:100 and 65:100, and crushing into powder to obtain asphalt active detoxified powder. Mixing water and asphalt active detoxicated powder according to the liquid-solid ratio of 120:100mL/g, stirring uniformly, putting into a mould, hot-pressing for 25 minutes at the temperature of 240 ℃, cooling and naturally curing for 6 days to obtain the hydrophobic solid brick.
The preparation of the leaching solution, the measurement of the concentration of heavy metal ions in the leaching solution of the hydrophobic solid bricks, the measurement of dioxin-like substances in the hydrophobic solid bricks, the measurement of chlorine content, the calculation of seawater soaking and strength loss, and the hydrophobicity test of the hydrophobic solid bricks are the same as in example 1, and the test results of this example are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of mass ratio of waste asphalt to detoxified active powder on the Properties of the prepared hydrophobic solid bricks
As can be seen from table 3, when the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder is less than 30:100 (as in table 3, when the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder is 27.5:100, 25:100, 22.5:100, and the lower ratio not listed in table 3), the addition amount of the waste asphalt is small, the amount of asphalt melt produced in the hot pressing process is reduced, resulting in that the heavy metal leaching concentration, chlorine content, dioxin content, and strength loss rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick are all increased as the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder is reduced, and the hydrophobicity of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is reduced as the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder is reduced. When the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder is 30-50:100 (as in table 3, when the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder is 30:100, 40:100 and 50:100), mixing water and the mixed detoxified active material powder, and enabling the water to react with the active gel mixture in the mixed detoxified active material powder rapidly to form gel, wherein the gel wraps the waste asphalt powder. In the hot pressing process, the gel is quickly hardened, and the asphalt powder is softened and melted and is diffused to the gaps and the surfaces of the solidified body, so that the hydrophobic solid brick is formed. Finally, the heavy metal leaching concentration of the hydrophobic solid bricks is lower than 0.01mg/L, the chlorine content is lower than 0.1%, the dioxin substances are lower than 4ng-TEQ/kg, the strength loss rate is lower than 4%, and the hydrophobic rate is higher than 97%. When the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder is greater than 50:100 (as in the case of 55:100, 60:100 and 65:100 in the table 3 and higher ratios not listed in the table 3), the waste asphalt is excessively added, the material reaction is unbalanced, so that the heavy metal leaching concentration, chlorine content and dioxin content strength loss rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick are increased along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder, and the hydrophobic rate of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick is reduced along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxified active material powder. Therefore, in general, the combination of benefits and costs is most beneficial to improving the performance of the prepared hydrophobic solid brick when the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxicated active material powder is equal to 30-50:100.
As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The method for cooperatively treating the waste incineration fly ash and the waste asphalt and preparing the hydrophobic solid brick is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Crushing waste asphalt, boric sludge and waste incineration fly ash into powder to obtain asphalt fly ash powder;
(2) Carbonizing the asphalt fly ash powder prepared in the step (1), cooling the obtained carbonized material to room temperature, and grinding the carbonized material into powder to obtain carbonized coarse powder;
(3) Mixing smelting slag and carbonized coarse powder prepared in the step (2), and grinding into powder to obtain metallurgical slag mixed powder;
(4) Calcining the metallurgical slag mixed powder prepared in the step (3), taking out calcined slag, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder to obtain detoxicated active material powder;
(5) Mixing waste asphalt with the detoxicated active material powder prepared in the step (4), and crushing the mixture into powder to obtain asphalt active detoxicated powder;
(6) Mixing water and the asphalt active detoxication powder prepared in the step (5), uniformly stirring, putting into a mould for hot pressing, cooling and naturally curing to obtain the hydrophobic solid brick;
in the step (1), the mass ratio of the waste asphalt, the boric sludge and the waste incineration fly ash is 20-60:20-40:100;
in the step (2), the carbonization temperature is 450-750 ℃, and the carbonization time is 0.5-2.5 hours;
in the step (3), the mass ratio of the smelting slag to the carbonized coarse powder is 40-80:100;
in the step (3), the smelting slag is any one of blast furnace slag, steel slag or yellow phosphorus slag;
in the step (4), the calcination temperature is 750-1250 ℃, and the calcination time is 0.5-4.5 hours;
in the step (5), the mass ratio of the waste asphalt to the detoxicated active material powder is 30-50:100;
in the step (6), the liquid-solid ratio of the water to the asphalt active detoxification powder is 60-120:100 mL/g;
in the step (6), the hot pressing temperature is 120-240 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 5-25 minutes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (6), the natural curing time is 2 to 6 days.
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| CN116751595A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-09-15 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing soil passivating agent by utilizing waste incineration fly ash and coal tar and product thereof |
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| JP2004269271A (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-30 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Production method for inorganic solidified body |
| CN105819750A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-08-03 | 重庆三峰环境产业集团有限公司 | Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash directly used as filler of asphalt mixture, and cleaning application of asphalt mixture in pavements |
| CN106824983A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of detoxification of incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin and heavy metal |
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