CN116037601B - Cooperative treatment method for waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash - Google Patents
Cooperative treatment method for waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN116037601B CN116037601B CN202211389650.0A CN202211389650A CN116037601B CN 116037601 B CN116037601 B CN 116037601B CN 202211389650 A CN202211389650 A CN 202211389650A CN 116037601 B CN116037601 B CN 116037601B
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- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- waste incineration
- ash
- incineration fly
- aluminum
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 9
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DRHYDSJKKDNMCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S-][S-].[Ca+2] Chemical compound [S-][S-].[Ca+2] DRHYDSJKKDNMCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000000185 dioxinlike effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 5
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 4
- WHZWVUKPJBNTAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OOP(O)O WHZWVUKPJBNTAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium aluminosilicate Chemical class [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003321 atomic absorption spectrophotometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004896 high resolution mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a synergistic treatment method of waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash, which is simple in preparation process, and the detoxication steam-cured brick is prepared by efficiently and cooperatively treating the waste incineration fly ash and the aluminum ash, and no waste salt is generated in the preparation process. The detoxified steam-cured brick prepared by the method has chlorine content lower than 1%, heavy metal leaching concentration and dioxin content both meet the pollution control requirement of technical Specification for pollution control of fly ash of household garbage incineration (HJ 1134-2020), and the highest uniaxial compressive strength can reach 23.5MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooperative treatment method of waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash, belonging to the field of harmless disposal and resource utilization of dangerous wastes.
Background
The waste incineration fly ash is dust recovered from a flue gas purification system in the process of incineration disposal of household waste. The fly ash from incineration of refuse is listed in the hazardous waste list (2021), has toxic and harmful substances, including heavy metals and dioxins. Meanwhile, the waste incineration fly ash contains a large amount of chloride salt, which severely limits the effective recycling utilization of the waste incineration fly ash. Aluminum ash is waste generated in the processes of aluminum smelting, electrolysis and processing, and is also listed in the hazardous waste directory (2021) because of reactivity and toxicity.
At present, the wet treatment of the waste incineration fly ash and the aluminum ash not only can generate a large amount of waste salt containing impurities and needs further advanced treatment, but also has toxicity to the washed fly ash and aluminum ash and still needs further harmless and recycling treatment. The existing disposal method of the waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash has the problems of overlong technical route, complex disposal method and secondary pollutant or salt generation. If the physical and chemical characteristics of the waste incineration fly ash and the aluminum ash can be fully utilized, the material complementation is realized, the waste incineration fly ash and the aluminum ash are cooperatively treated, the waste salt is avoided, the process is simplified, and the method is particularly critical to solving the problems existing in the disposal process of the waste incineration fly ash and the aluminum ash.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a cooperative treatment method of waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a cooperative treatment method of waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and grinding ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash to obtain a grinding mixture;
(2) Calcining the ground mixture, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a calcined mixture;
(3) Mixing phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and the calcined mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain a gypsum sulfur doped calcined material;
(4) Mixing water and gypsum sulfur doped calcined material, and stirring uniformly to obtain detoxified slurry;
(5) Injecting the detoxication slurry into a mold, curing at room temperature, demolding, cutting and steam curing to obtain the detoxication steamed brick.
Further, the mass ratio of the ore slag, the aluminum ash and the waste incineration fly ash in the step (1) is 15-45:15-60:100.
Further, the ore slag in the step (1) is any one or more of blast furnace slag, steel slag and garbage incineration slag.
Further, the grinding time in the step (1) is 0.5 to 7.5 hours.
Further, the calcination temperature in the step (2) is 1000-1200 ℃ and the calcination time is 15-45 minutes.
Further, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture in the step (3) is 5-25:5-25:100.
Further, the liquid-solid ratio of the water to the gypsum sulfur doped calcined material in the step (4) is 0.5-1.5:1 mL/g.
Further, in the stirring process in the step (4), the temperature of the slurry is controlled to be 75-125 ℃.
Further, the room temperature curing time in the step (5) is 2 to 6 hours.
Further, the steam curing time in the step (5) is 2-6 hours, and the steam curing temperature is 150-250 ℃.
Reaction mechanism: in the calcining process of the step (3), the dioxin in the waste incineration fly ash is mineralized and decomposed into water and carbon dioxide; aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the aluminum ash are oxidized to generate aluminum oxide, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and the unoxidized aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide are decomposed to promote the activation of ore slag and the solidification of heavy metals and the volatilization of chlorides in the waste incineration fly ash; and simultaneously, ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash fully react to generate calcium silicate salt, calcium aluminate salt and calcium aluminosilicate salt active materials. In the heating and stirring process of the step (4), phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and the calcined mixture are fully reacted to generate various substances such as dicalcium persulfate, calcium polysulfide, calcium disulfide, calcium sulfide, ettringite, hydroxyapatite, silicate hydration products, calcium aluminate cement products, geopolymer gelation and the like, and the substances are repeatedly mixed. Wherein, dicalcium persulfate, calcium polysulfide, calcium disulfide, calcium sulfide and hydroxyapatite can react with residual heavy metals of the calcined mixture to realize high-efficiency stabilization of the heavy metals; the ettringite, hydroxy phosphorite and calcium aluminate cement products can realize the efficient stabilization of chlorides in fly ash and aluminum ash through chemical adsorption; silicate hydration products, calcium aluminate cement products, and geopolymer gelation can also achieve effective curing of heavy metals and chlorides by physical encapsulation. And (3) finally, through two-stage curing in the step (5), calcium disulfide, calcium sulfide, ettringite, hydroxyapatite, silicate hydration products, calcium aluminate cement products and geopolymer gel mixture react with each other under the steam condition, and the detoxified steam-cured brick is finally obtained.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the preparation process is simple, and the detoxication steam-cured brick is prepared by efficiently and cooperatively treating the waste incineration fly ash and the aluminum ash, so that no waste salt is generated in the preparation process. The detoxified steam-cured brick prepared by the method has chlorine content lower than 1%, heavy metal leaching concentration and dioxin content both meet the pollution control requirement of technical Specification for pollution control of fly ash of household garbage incineration (HJ 1134-2020), and the highest uniaxial compressive strength can reach 23.5MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Blast furnace slag: mainly comprises 41.19 percent of CaO, 38.26 percent of SiO 2、8.94％Al2O3、5.06％MgO、3.21％TiO2、2.15％SO3 and other components.
Steel slag: mainly comprises 39.61％CaO、17.38％Fe2O3、14.05％SiO2、6.92％MgO、3.32％P2O5、3.16％MnO、1.89％Al2O3 and other components.
The refuse incinerator slag ：34.05％SiO2、28.17％CaO、10.66％Fe2O3、8.15％Al2O3、5.32％P2O5、2.31％SO3 and other components.
Aluminum ash: mainly comprises 65.87％Al2O3、8.34％Cl、6.74％Na2O、5.56％SiO2、3.72％MgO、2.46％CaO、2.24％S、1.86％TiO2 and other components.
Waste incineration fly ash: mainly comprises 36.2％CaO、23.9％Cl、11.0％SO3、11.6％Na2O、6.33％K2O、4.38％SiO2、1.40％Fe2O3、1.25％Al2O3 and other components.
Example 1 quality ratio of Ore slag, aluminum Ash, msw incineration fly ash to Density and Leaching toxicity Effect of the prepared detoxified steamed brick
And respectively weighing ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash according to a mass ratio 7.5:15:100、10:15:100、12.5:15:100、15:7.5:100、15:10:100、15:12.5:100、15:15:100、30:15:100、45:15:100、15:37.5:100、30:37.5:100、45:37.5:100、15:60:100、30:60:100、45:60:100、45:65:100、45:70:100、45:75:100、50:60:100、55:60:100、60:60:100, mixing, and grinding for 0.5 hour to obtain a grinding mixture, wherein the ore slag is blast furnace slag. The milled mixture was calcined for 15 minutes and cooled to room temperature to give a calcined mixture, wherein the calcination temperature was 1000 ℃. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture according to the mass ratio of 5:5:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gypsum sulfur doped calcined material. Mixing water and gypsum sulfur doped calcined material according to a liquid-solid ratio of 0.5:1mL, stirring for 0.5 h, and controlling the temperature of the slurry at 75 ℃ to obtain detoxified slurry. Injecting the detoxication slurry into a mold, curing for 2 hours at room temperature, demolding, cutting, and steam curing for 2 hours to obtain the detoxication steam cured brick, wherein the steam curing temperature is 150 ℃.
Compressive strength test: the compressive strength test of the high-strength brick prepared by the invention is carried out according to the standard of concrete solid bricks (GB T21144).
Preparing leaching liquid: the leaching solution for preparing the high-strength brick is prepared according to the horizontal oscillation method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557).
And (3) measuring the concentration of heavy metal ions in the leaching solution: the concentrations of the lead and cadmium pollutants in the leaching solution are measured according to an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (HJ 776) for measuring 32 elements in water. The total chromium in the leaching solution is measured according to the method of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry for measuring chromium in water quality (HJ 757-2015).
Determination of dioxin-like substances: the dioxin-like substances were measured according to the method of high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HJ 77.3-2008) for measuring isotope dilution of solid wastes dioxin-like substances.
Determination of chlorine content: the chlorine content in the detoxified steam-cured brick is measured according to the construction sand (GB/T14684-2011). The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 toxicity effects of mineral slag, aluminum ash, waste incineration fly ash on the strength and Leaching toxicity of the prepared detoxified steamed bricks by mass ratio
As shown in Table 1, the content of dioxin in the detoxified steamed brick prepared under the conditions of the mass ratio of mineral separation stone slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash is lower than 20ng-TEQ/kg. when the mass ratio of mineral slag, aluminum ash, waste incineration fly ash is less than 15:15:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of mineral slag, aluminum ash, waste incineration fly ash=15:12.5:100, 15:10:100, 15:7.5:100, 12.5:15:100, 10:15:100, 7.5:15:100, and lower ratios not listed in table 1), the mineral slag and aluminum ash are added less, resulting in a significantly increased heavy metal leaching concentration and chlorine content as the mass ratio of mineral slag, aluminum ash, waste incineration fly ash is reduced, while the uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is increased as the mineral slag, aluminum ash, waste incineration fly ash is reduced The reduction of the mass ratio of the aluminum ash to the waste incineration fly ash is obviously reduced. When the mass ratio of the ore slag, the aluminum ash and the waste incineration fly ash is equal to 15-45:15-60:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the ore slag, the aluminum ash and the waste incineration fly ash=15:15:100, 30:15:100, 45:15:100, 15:37.5:100, 30:37.5:100, 45:37.5:100, 15:60:100, 30:60:100 and 45:60:100), aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the aluminum ash are oxidized in the calcining process to generate aluminum oxide, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. And dioxin in the waste incineration fly ash is mineralized and decomposed into water and carbon dioxide. meanwhile, under the high-temperature calcination environment, ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash fully react to generate calcium silicate salt, calcium aluminate salt and calcium aluminosilicate salt active materials. The decomposition of aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the aluminum ash can also promote the activation of ore slag and the solidification of heavy metals and the volatilization of chlorides in the waste incineration fly ash. Finally, the heavy metal leaching concentration of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is lower than the maximum allowable emission concentration limit value specified in GB 8978. The prepared detoxified steamed bricks have the soluble chlorine content lower than the highest allowable content specified in HJ 1134. The uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is more than 16MPa. when the mass ratio of the mineral slag, the aluminum ash, and the waste incineration fly ash is greater than 45:60:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the mineral slag, the aluminum ash, and the waste incineration fly ash=45:65:100, 45:70:100, 45:75:100, 50:60:100, 55:60:100, 60:60:100, and higher ratios not listed in table 1), the mineral slag and the aluminum ash are excessively added, the material matching is unbalanced, resulting in that the heavy metal leaching concentration and the chlorine content of the prepared detoxification steam-cured brick are significantly increased as the mass ratio of the mineral slag, the aluminum ash, and the waste incineration fly ash is further increased, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxification steam-cured brick is significantly increased as the mineral slag, the 60:100, and the non-enumerated ratio in table 1 The mass ratio of the aluminum ash and the garbage incineration fly ash is further increased but obviously reduced. Thus, in general, when the mass ratio of the ore slag, the aluminum ash and the waste incineration fly ash is equal to 15-45:15-60:100, the preparation of the detoxified steam-cured brick is most facilitated.
Example 2 influence of calcination temperature of mineral slag, aluminum ash, waste incineration fly ash on strength and Leaching toxicity of the produced detoxified steamed brick
Respectively weighing ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:60:100, mixing, and grinding for 4 hours to obtain a grinding mixture, wherein the ore slag is blast furnace slag. Calcining the ground mixture for 30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a calcined mixture, wherein the calcining temperature is 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1250 ℃, 1300 ℃ and 1350 ℃. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture according to the mass ratio of 15:15:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gypsum sulfur doped calcined material. Mixing water and gypsum sulfur doped calcined material according to a liquid-solid ratio of 1:1mL, stirring for 1.5 hours, and controlling the temperature of the slurry at 100 ℃ to obtain detoxified slurry. Injecting the detoxication slurry into a mold, curing for 4 hours at room temperature, demolding, cutting, and steam curing for 4 hours to obtain the detoxication steam cured brick, wherein the steam curing temperature is 200 ℃.
The compressive strength test, the preparation of the leaching solution, the determination of the concentration of heavy metal ions in the leaching solution, the determination of dioxin-like substances and the determination of chlorine content are all the same as in example 1. The test results of this example are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of mixture calcination temperature on the strength and Leaching toxicity of the prepared detoxified steamed bricks
As can be seen from Table 2, the dioxin substances in the detoxified steamed bricks prepared under the condition of the calcination temperature of the selected mixture are obviously reduced along with the increase of the temperature, and the content of the dioxin substances is lower than 25ng-TEQ/kg. When the mix calcination temperature is less than 1000 ℃ (as in table 2, mix calcination temperature=950 ℃, 900 ℃, 850 ℃ and lower values not listed in table 2), the calcination temperature is lower, the mix activation is insufficient, the chloride volatilization amount is reduced, resulting in that the heavy metal leaching concentration and the chlorine content of the prepared detoxified steamed brick are both significantly increased with the decrease of the mix calcination temperature, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is significantly decreased with the decrease of the mix calcination temperature. When the mixture calcination temperature is equal to 1000-1200 ℃ (as in table 2, the mixture calcination temperature=1000 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1200 ℃), aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the aluminum ash are oxidized during the calcination process, and aluminum oxide, nitrogen and carbon dioxide are generated. And dioxin in the waste incineration fly ash is mineralized and decomposed into water and carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, under the high-temperature calcination environment, ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash fully react to generate calcium silicate salt, calcium aluminate salt and calcium aluminosilicate salt active materials. The decomposition of aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the aluminum ash can also promote the activation of ore slag and the solidification of heavy metals and the volatilization of chlorides in the waste incineration fly ash. Finally, the heavy metal leaching concentration of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is lower than the maximum allowable emission concentration limit value specified in GB 8978. The prepared detoxified steamed bricks have the soluble chlorine content lower than the highest allowable content specified in HJ 1134. The uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is more than 19MPa. When the calcination temperature of the mixture is higher than 1200 ℃ (as in table 2, the calcination temperature of the mixture=1250 ℃, 1300 ℃, 1350 ℃ and higher values not listed in table 2), the calcination temperature is too high, the mixture is subjected to overburning, the hexavalent chromium leaching concentration of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is obviously increased along with the increase of the calcination temperature of the mixture, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is obviously reduced along with the further increase of the calcination temperature of the mixture. Thus, in general, the preparation of the detoxified steamed bricks is most favored when the calcination temperature of the mixture is equal to 1000-1200 ℃.
Example 3 effects of phosphogypsum, elemental Sulfur, calcined mixture on the Strength and Leaching toxicity of the prepared detoxified steamed brick
Respectively weighing ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:60:100, mixing, and grinding for 7.5 hours to obtain a grinding mixture, wherein the ore slag is blast furnace slag. The milled mixture was calcined for 45 minutes and cooled to room temperature to give a calcined mixture, wherein the calcination temperature was 1200 ℃. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture according to the mass ratio 2.5:5:100、3:5:100、4:5:100、5:2.5:100、5:3:100、5:4:100、5:5:100、5:15:100、5:25:100、15:5:100、15:15:100、15:25:100、25:5:100、25:15:100、25:25:100、25:27:100、25:29:100、25:30:100、27:25:100、29:25:100、30:25:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gypsum sulfur doped calcined material. Mixing water and gypsum sulfur doped calcined material according to a liquid-solid ratio of 1.5:1mL, stirring for 2.5 hours, and controlling the temperature of the slurry at 125 ℃ to obtain detoxified slurry. Injecting the detoxication slurry into a mold, curing for 6 hours at room temperature, demolding, cutting, and steam curing for 6 hours to obtain the detoxication steam cured brick, wherein the steam curing temperature is 250 ℃.
The compressive strength test, the preparation of the leaching solution, the determination of the concentration of heavy metal ions in the leaching solution, the determination of dioxin-like substances and the determination of chlorine content are all the same as in example 1. The test results of this example are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 effects of phosphogypsum, elemental Sulfur, calcined mixture on the Strength and Leaching toxicity of the prepared detoxified steamed brick
As can be seen from Table 3, the content of dioxin substances in the prepared detoxified steam-cured brick is lower than 5ng-TEQ/kg under the condition of the mass ratio of the selected phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture. When the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture is less than 5:5:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture=5:4:100, 5:3:100, 5:2.5:100, 4:5:100, 3:5:100, 2.5:5:100 and lower ratio not listed in table 3), the addition amount of phosphogypsum and elemental sulfur is less, resulting in that the heavy metal leaching concentration and chlorine content of the prepared detoxification steam curing brick are both obviously increased along with the reduction of the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxification steam curing brick is obviously increased along with the reduction of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur The mass ratio reduction of the calcined mixture is significantly reduced. When the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture is equal to 5-25:5-25:100 (as in table 3, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture=5:5:100, 5:15:100, 5:25:100, 15:5:100, 15:15:100, 15:25:100, 25:5:100, 25:15:100 and 25:25:100), mixing water and the gypsum sulfur to calcine the mixture, and fully reacting phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture in the heating and stirring process to generate dicalcium persulfate, calcium polysulfide, calcium disulfide, calcium sulfide, Ettringite, hydroxyapatite, silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate cement products, geopolymer gelling, and the like. dicalcium persulfate, calcium polysulfide, calcium disulfide, calcium sulfide, ettringite, hydroxy phosphorite, silicate hydration products, calcium aluminate cement products and geopolymer gelation are fully mixed, and the dicalcium persulfate, calcium polysulfide, calcium disulfide, calcium sulfide and hydroxy phosphorite can react with residual heavy metals of the calcined mixture to realize high-efficiency stabilization of the heavy metals. And the ettringite, hydroxy phosphorite and calcium aluminate cement products can realize the efficient stabilization of chlorides in fly ash and aluminum ash through chemical adsorption. Silicate hydration products, calcium aluminate cement products, and geopolymer gelation can also achieve effective curing of heavy metals and chlorides by physical encapsulation. injecting detoxication slurry into a mould, demoulding and cutting, and then, carrying out mutual reaction on calcium disulfide, calcium sulfide, ettringite, hydroxyapatite, silicate hydration products, calcium aluminate cement products and geopolymer gel mixture under steam condition, and rapidly hardening to finally obtain the detoxication steam-cured brick. Finally, the heavy metal leaching concentration of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is lower than the maximum allowable emission concentration limit value specified in GB 8978. The prepared detoxified steamed bricks have the soluble chlorine content lower than the highest allowable content specified in HJ 1134. The uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxified steamed brick is more than 20MPa. When the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture is greater than 25:25:100 (as in table 3, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture=25:27:100, 25:29:100, 25:30:100, 27:25:100, 29:25:100, 30:25:100 and higher ratio not listed in table 3), the phosphogypsum and elemental sulfur are excessively added, the material matching is unbalanced, so that the heavy metal leaching concentration and chlorine content of the prepared detoxification steam curing brick are obviously increased along with the further increase of the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture, and the uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxification steam curing brick is obviously increased along with the increase of the phosphogypsum, the uniaxial compressive strength of the prepared detoxification steam curing brick along with the increase of phosphogypsum, The mass ratio of the elemental sulfur to the calcined mixture is further increased and is obviously reduced. Thus, in general, when the mass ratio of phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture is equal to 5-25:5-25:100, the preparation of the detoxified steam-cured brick is most facilitated.
Example 4 influence of ore slag type on the strength and Leaching toxicity of the produced detoxified steamed bricks
Respectively weighing ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:60:100, mixing, and grinding for 7.5 hours to obtain a grinding mixture, wherein the ore slag is one of blast furnace slag, steel slag and waste incineration slag. The milled mixture was calcined for 45 minutes and cooled to room temperature to give a calcined mixture, wherein the calcination temperature was 1200 ℃. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and calcined mixture according to the mass ratio of 25:25:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gypsum sulfur doped calcined material. Mixing water and gypsum sulfur doped calcined material according to a liquid-solid ratio of 1.5:1mL, stirring for 2.5 hours, and controlling the temperature of the slurry at 125 ℃ to obtain detoxified slurry. Injecting the detoxication slurry into a mold, curing for 6 hours at room temperature, demolding, cutting, and steam curing for 6 hours to obtain the detoxication steam cured brick, wherein the steam curing temperature is 250 ℃.
The compressive strength test, the preparation of the leaching solution, the determination of the concentration of heavy metal ions in the leaching solution, the determination of dioxin-like substances and the determination of chlorine content are all the same as in example 1. The test results of this example are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of ore slag type on strength and Leaching toxicity of the prepared detoxified steamed bricks
As can be seen from Table 4, when the ore slag is any one of blast furnace slag, steel slag and garbage incinerator slag, the strength and leaching toxicity of the prepared detoxified steamed brick are relatively similar.
Claims (6)
1. The cooperative treatment method of the waste incineration fly ash and the aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Mixing and grinding ore slag, aluminum ash and waste incineration fly ash to obtain a grinding mixture;
The mass ratio of the ore slag to the aluminum ash to the waste incineration fly ash is 15-45:15-60:100;
the ore slag is any one or more of blast furnace slag, steel slag and garbage incineration slag;
(2) Calcining the ground mixture, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a calcined mixture;
the calcination temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the calcination time is 15-45 minutes;
(3) Mixing phosphogypsum, elemental sulfur and a calcined mixture, and heating and stirring uniformly to obtain a gypsum sulfur doped calcined material;
the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to elemental sulfur to the calcined mixture is 5-25:5-25:100;
(4) Mixing water and gypsum sulfur doped calcined material, and stirring uniformly to obtain detoxified slurry;
(5) Injecting the detoxication slurry into a mold, curing at room temperature, demolding, cutting and steam curing to obtain the detoxication steamed brick.
2. The method for the synergistic treatment of waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the grinding time in the step (1) is 0.5-7.5 hours.
3. The method for the synergistic treatment of waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of water to gypsum sulfur doped calcined material in the step (4) is 0.5-1.5:1 mL/g.
4. The method for the synergistic treatment of fly ash and aluminum ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is 75-125 ℃ in the stirring process in the step (4).
5. The method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the room temperature curing time in the step (5) is 2-6 hours.
6. The method for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the steam curing time in the step (5) is 2-6 hours, and the steam curing temperature is 150-250 ℃.
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