CN117652999A - Endoscope head structure and production method thereof - Google Patents
Endoscope head structure and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117652999A CN117652999A CN202410055409.7A CN202410055409A CN117652999A CN 117652999 A CN117652999 A CN 117652999A CN 202410055409 A CN202410055409 A CN 202410055409A CN 117652999 A CN117652999 A CN 117652999A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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Abstract
The invention discloses an endoscope head structure and a production method thereof, wherein the endoscope head structure comprises the following components: an inner lens tube and an outer lens tube coaxially arranged; the endoscope tube is provided with a window sheet mounting seat by adopting laser welding, the contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat and the sapphire window sheet are respectively provided with a plating layer, and the sapphire window sheet is mounted on the window sheet mounting seat by brazing; a first wedge piece and a second wedge piece are symmetrically arranged between the inner lens tube and the outer lens tube, and the rest space at the light outlet between the inner lens tube and the outer lens tube is provided with optical fibers; the first wedge piece and the second wedge piece are used for controlling bending and guiding of the optical fiber, so that a light outlet of the optical fiber is perpendicular to a plane where the sapphire window piece is located. The endoscope head structure provided by the invention can meet the requirement of repeated high-temperature high-pressure steam sterilization, and solves the problems of poor consistency and uniformity of the light emitting direction of the optical fiber and the visual axis direction of the endoscope in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an endoscope head structure and a production method thereof.
Background
Minimally invasive surgery has become a development direction in the field of surgical medicine in the world today, and is widely used, but any minimally invasive surgery is performed without a rigid endoscope, including laparoscopes, intervertebral apertures, arthroscopes, cystoscopes, hysteroscopes, and the like. The rigid endoscope generally comprises a mechanical system, an optical imaging system, and a light guide illumination system; the mechanical system consists of a stainless steel outer tube, an endoscope body, an eyepiece, a light cone, an eyeshade and the like. The light guide illumination system is used for providing illumination or excitation light for the optical imaging system so that the optical imaging system can image tissues in a human body to observe focus or perform surgery, and mainly comprises an optical fiber. In general, the observation direction of the rigid endoscope forms an angle with the axis of the working portion, which is commonly referred to as the viewing angle, which is 0 °, 12 °, 25 °, 30 °, 70 °, etc., respectively.
The endoscope light guide illumination optical fiber is usually arranged in the endoscope body, the trend of the optical fiber is parallel and consistent with the direction of the main shaft of the endoscope body, but most products are in a non-zero viewing angle, the light emitting direction of the optical fiber of the endoscope is required to be changed by adopting a certain means, so that the light emitting direction of the optical fiber is consistent with the imaging viewing axis direction, meanwhile, the illumination uniformity is required to be ensured, the brightness of the edge of a visual field is reduced due to uneven illumination, and the central strong light reflection of the visual field is added, so that the tissue information of the edge of a cavity cannot be known or the brightness of the center of the visual field is saturated, and the central visual information is lost. The existing solution is to bend the optical fiber at the outlet by hand to change the illumination direction of the optical fiber and improve the uniformity, and the uncertainty is inevitably introduced by means of manual operation, so that the product consistency is poor, the yield is low, and part of the optical fiber can be broken.
Meanwhile, in order to avoid cross infection in the diagnosis and treatment process, the endoscope must be disinfected after use, and a wet heat sterilization method in the form of saturated steam under pressure is widely used at present. However, the head of the endoscope is generally a sapphire window sheet, the connection between the window sheet and stainless steel is usually adhesive, the performance of the adhesive is greatly reduced under high temperature and high humidity, the adhesive belongs to a high polymer, and water vapor molecules can permeate a glue polymer network structure under high temperature and high pressure to leak to a lens system, so that the optical performance is reduced, the repeated temperature change impact cannot be borne for many times in the glue bonding process, the service life of the endoscope is greatly shortened, and the equipment cost is increased.
Secondly, the sapphire window sheet material is alpha-Al 2 O 3 Belonging to atomic crystal, sapphire CTE5.8E-6, melting point 2050 ℃. Stainless steel is a metal, CTE17E-6, melting point 1400 ℃. Sapphire and stainless steel are a challenging process to weld because the two materials have very different physical and chemical properties. The sapphire and the stainless steel are not easy to weld, the core problems are interface combination and thermal stress, the problems of physical and chemical reaction and thermal expansion coefficient matching between the welding materials and the sapphire are solved, the sapphire has extremely high chemical stability, and the reaction, diffusion and interface combination between the sapphire and most of the welding materials are difficult.
Finally, the waterproof seal design of the endoscope is required to meet leakage rates less than 10 -5 Pa·m 3 /s, while the gas barrier design requires a leakage rate of less than 10 -9 Pa·m 3 The difficulty is far greater than that of a general waterproof sealing structure, laser welding and brazing are needed, the space of a hard lens part is small, hundreds of optical fibers with the diameters of 20-50 micrometers are needed to be installed according to a specific direction, and the installation process is precise, fine and complex.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an endoscope head structure and a production method thereof.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an endoscope head structure comprising: an inner lens tube and an outer lens tube coaxially arranged; the endoscope tube is provided with a window sheet mounting seat by adopting laser welding, the contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat and the sapphire window sheet are respectively provided with a plating layer, and the sapphire window sheet is mounted on the window sheet mounting seat by brazing; a first wedge piece and a second wedge piece are symmetrically arranged between the inner lens tube and the outer lens tube, and the rest space at the light outlet between the inner lens tube and the outer lens tube is provided with optical fibers; the first wedge piece and the second wedge piece are used for controlling bending and guiding of the optical fiber, so that a light outlet of the optical fiber is perpendicular to a plane where the sapphire window piece is located.
Further, the outer end surface of the sapphire window sheet needs to be lower than the outer end surface of the window sheet mounting seat.
Further, be equipped with the cladding material on the contact surface of window film mount pad and sapphire window film respectively and include:
the contact surfaces of the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat are respectively plated with gold and then tin;
wherein, gold plating on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet comprises: the side surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a side surface metal coating, and the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a gold ring, or the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a gold ring only;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet comprises the following steps: respectively plating titanium, platinum and gold, or chromium, nickel and gold, or titanium, nickel and gold, or chromium, platinum and gold by magnetron sputtering;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat comprises the following steps: and plating gold on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat in an electroplating mode.
Further, when the side surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a side surface metal plating layer and the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a gold ring, the gap between the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat is as small as 0.05mm;
when gold rings are plated only on the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet, the gap between the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat is minimum to 0mm.
Further, the brazing positions of the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat are separated from the laser welding positions of the window sheet mounting seat and the endoscope tube by more than 10 mm.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method of producing an endoscope head structure, the method comprising:
gold plating and then tin plating are carried out on the contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat and the sapphire window sheet, and the sapphire window sheet is brazed on the window sheet mounting seat;
symmetrically gluing and mounting a first wedge piece and a second wedge piece on the endoscope tube;
mounting the window sheet mounting seat on the endoscope tube by adopting laser welding;
the optical fiber is arranged in the rest space between the light outlet of the inner lens tube and the outer lens tube, namely between the first wedge piece and the second wedge piece; drip irrigation fiber glue at the light outlet of the optical fiber, and curing;
and polishing the end face of the optical fiber.
Further, be equipped with the cladding material on the contact surface of window film mount pad and sapphire window film respectively and include:
the contact surfaces of the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat are respectively plated with gold and then tin;
wherein, gold plating on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet comprises: the side surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a side surface metal coating, and the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a gold ring, or the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a gold ring only;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet comprises the following steps: respectively plating titanium, platinum and gold, or chromium, nickel and gold, or titanium, nickel and gold, or chromium, platinum and gold by magnetron sputtering;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat comprises the following steps: and plating gold on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat in an electroplating mode.
Further, when the side surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a side surface metal plating layer and the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet is plated with a gold ring, the gap between the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat is as small as 0.05mm;
when gold rings are plated only on the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet, the gap between the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat is minimum to 0mm.
Further, the process of installing the window sheet installation seat on the endoscope tube by adopting laser welding comprises the following steps:
the outer side of the tail end of the window sheet mounting seat and the inner side of the head of the endoscope tube are fixed by adopting adhesive, wherein the position close to the welding line is not coated with adhesive, and laser welding is carried out at the gap of the outer surface of the window sheet mounting seat and the assembly of the endoscope tube; the distance between the laser welding positions of the window sheet mounting seat and the endoscope tube and the brazing position of the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat is more than 10 mm.
Further, the process of polishing the end face of the optical fiber includes:
coating a hydrolyzable UV adhesive on the sapphire window sheet for protection, and then carrying out rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing on the end face of the optical fiber; and after polishing, heating and hydrolyzing to remove the hydrolyzable UV adhesive on the sapphire window sheet, and finally performing ultrasonic cleaning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The optical fiber bending device comprises an inner lens tube and an outer lens tube which are coaxially arranged, wherein a first wedge piece and a second wedge piece are symmetrically arranged between the inner lens tube and the outer lens tube, all optical fibers are limited through the guide surfaces of the first wedge piece and the second wedge piece, the bending guide of the optical fibers is controlled, each optical fiber can be bent to the same view angle, the outgoing ray direction of the optical fibers is consistent with the optical axis of the incident ray of the sapphire window sheet, and the light outlet of the optical fibers is perpendicular to the plane where the sapphire window sheet is positioned; the illumination center is consistent with the imaging visual field center, the edge brightness is consistent, the illumination uniformity and the imaging quality are improved, the uncertainty of manual bending is reduced, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the device is repeatable and good in stability.
(2) The laser welding is adopted between the endoscope tube and the window sheet mounting seat, and the brazing is adopted between the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat, so that compared with the gluing, the time life of high-temperature high-pressure sterilization at 134 ℃ is greatly prolonged, the airtight leakage rate of sealing is improved, and water vapor is prevented from entering the cavity during sterilization at high temperature.
(3) The requirements of cleaning and airtight testing after the welding of the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat 2 can be met by firstly carrying out brazing between the sapphire window sheet and the window sheet mounting seat and then carrying out laser welding between the endoscope tube and the window sheet mounting seat 2. And the laser welding position is separated from the brazing position by a certain distance, so that the influence of high temperature on the brazing reliability during laser welding is avoided, and the melting temperature of the welding flux is exceeded.
(4) The contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat and the sapphire window sheet are respectively sputtered with a plating layer, so that soldering flux can be omitted in the subsequent welding process, bubbles generated in the welding process by the soldering flux are reduced, the sealing effect is improved, and the requirement of biocompatibility is met. And the adhesive force of the solder is improved, the false soldering is reduced, and the soldering reliability is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an endoscope head structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an endoscope head structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the installation of upper and lower wedges in an endoscope head structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an up-down wedge in an endoscope head structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of sapphire metallization provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of producing an endoscope head structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a process for welding a sapphire window sheet and a window sheet mounting seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention for providing a laparoscope;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention showing the structure of an laparoscope;
fig. 10 is a graph of temperature and pressure at the time of sterilization for high temperature autoclave provided in the inventive example.
In the figure, 1, a sapphire window sheet; 101. the inner surface of the sapphire window sheet; 102. the outer surface of the sapphire window sheet; 103. side metal plating of the sapphire window sheet; 104. gold ring of sapphire window sheet; 2. a window sheet mounting seat; 3. a first wedge; 4. a second wedge; 5. an endoscope tube; 6. an outer lens tube; 7. an optical fiber; 8. a laser welding position; 9. and (5) a brazing position.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of the invention as detailed in the accompanying claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the invention. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "at … …" or "responsive to a determination", depending on the context.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features of the examples and embodiments described below may be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an endoscope head structure including: an inner tube 5 and an outer tube 6 coaxially arranged; the endoscope tube 5 is provided with a window sheet mounting seat 2 by adopting laser welding, plating layers are respectively sputtered on contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat 2 and the sapphire window sheet 1, and the sapphire window sheet 1 is mounted on the window sheet mounting seat 2 by brazing; a first wedge piece 3 and a second wedge piece 4 are symmetrically arranged between the inner lens tube 5 and the outer lens tube 6, and the rest space at the light outlet between the inner lens tube 5 and the outer lens tube 6 is provided with an optical fiber 7; the first wedge piece 3 and the second wedge piece 4 are used for controlling bending and guiding of the optical fiber 7, so that a light outlet of the optical fiber 7 is perpendicular to a plane where the sapphire window sheet 1 is located.
Further, by coaxially arranging the inner tube 5 and the outer tube 6, it is possible to make the illumination center and the imaging center coincide.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the guiding surfaces of the first wedge plate 3 and the second wedge plate 4 are parallel to each other, and the rest space (i.e. the part between the first wedge plate 3 and the second wedge plate 4) at the light outlet between the inner lens tube 5 and the outer lens tube 6 is filled with the optical fibers 7, so that each optical fiber 7 can be bent to the same viewing angle, thereby meeting the standard requirement of making the illumination uniformity smaller than 25%, and improving the illumination uniformity. In this example, the distance between the first wedge piece 3 and the second wedge piece 4, the size, and the installation space of the optical fiber 7 are determined according to the lighttools simulation result condition and the actual installation test.
It should be noted that if the first wedge piece 3 and the second wedge piece 4 are not provided, the optical fiber 7 exits along the parallel direction of the mirror tube and is not perpendicular to the mirror surface of the sapphire window sheet 1; if manual bending is adopted, each optical fiber 7 cannot be bent at the same viewing angle, and the angle of the optical fiber 7 cannot be well controlled.
Further, the outer end face of the sapphire window sheet 1 needs to be lower than the outer end face of the window sheet mounting seat 2, so that abrasion to the sapphire window sheet 1 in the using process is reduced, and meanwhile the sapphire window sheet 1 is protected in the mounting process conveniently.
Further, the contact surface between the window sheet mounting seat 2 and the sapphire window sheet 1 is provided with a plating layer comprising: the contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat 2 and the sapphire window sheet 1 are plated with gold and tin respectively, the tin is melted by brazing and heating, and the sapphire window sheet 1 is mounted on the window sheet mounting seat 2. The brazing process can be completed by manual welding, or an ultrathin soldering tin ring is added between the sapphire window sheet 1 and the window sheet mounting seat 2 for reflow welding.
Wherein, gilding includes on sapphire window piece 1 and window piece mount pad 2's contact surface: a side metal plating layer 103 is plated on the side surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 and a gold ring 104 is plated on the outer surface 101 of the sapphire window sheet 1, or the gold ring 104 is plated on the outer surface 101 of the sapphire window sheet 1 only; the thickness of the gold layer is more than 1 micrometer.
When the side surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 is plated with a side surface metal plating layer 103 and the outer surface 101 of the sapphire window sheet 1 is plated with a gold ring 104, the gap between the sapphire window sheet 1 and the window sheet mounting seat 2 is minimum to 0.05mm;
when the gold ring 104 is plated on the outer surface 101 of the sapphire window sheet 1, the gap between the sapphire window sheet 1 and the window sheet mounting seat 2 is as small as 0mm, meanwhile, the problem of large difference of thermal expansion coefficients of sapphire and stainless steel can be solved, when the temperature changes, the sapphire window sheet can expand towards the direction of the outer surface 102 of the sapphire window sheet, the surface is contacted with the outside air, and the window sheet can not be extruded and stressed due to expansion.
The gold plating process on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 comprises the following steps: respectively plating titanium, platinum and gold, or chromium, nickel and gold, or titanium, nickel and gold, or chromium, platinum and gold by magnetron sputtering; sputtering is a method in which a metal target is placed in an inert gas plasma to deposit atoms or molecules thereof on a sapphire surface. Titanium and chromium priming, which is helpful for improving the adhesion of gold on the surface of sapphire; the nickel can prevent the mutual diffusion between gold and chromium, and improves the welding reliability. Platinum is a material with better chemical corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance and better relative biocompatibility, and has certain adhesiveness.
Wherein, the gold plating process on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat 2 comprises the following steps: plating gold on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat 2 in an electroplating mode.
Further, the gold plating on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 and the window sheet mounting seat 2 further comprises: when the inner surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 is plated with a gold ring, the gold ring is welded with the step of the window sheet mounting seat 2 on the basis of not influencing the light transmission diameter, so that the welding area is increased.
Further, the laser welding position 8 and the soldering position 9 need to be separated by a large distance to prevent the solder from melting due to the excessively high temperature during laser welding, and the reliability is generally set to be more than 10 mm. Typically, the laser welding is performed at a temperature above 300 c, which allows the bulk of the solder to be remelted. Meanwhile, a mode of firstly laser welding and then brazing cannot be adopted, as the inner surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 needs to be cleaned after the sapphire window sheet 1 is brazed on the window sheet mounting seat 2, an air tightness test is carried out, and the window sheet mounting seat 2 is continuously mounted on the endoscope tube 5 through laser welding after the air tightness test is carried out; secondly, the tube is relatively long, which can cause interference if laser welded and then brazed.
As shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing an endoscope head structure, which specifically includes the following steps:
step S1, gold plating and tin plating are carried out on the contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat 2 and the sapphire window sheet 1, and the sapphire window sheet 1 is brazed on the window sheet mounting seat 2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the sputtering a plating layer on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat 2 and the sapphire window sheet 1 includes: the contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat 2 and the sapphire window sheet 1 are plated with gold and tin respectively, the tin is melted by brazing and heating, and the sapphire window sheet 1 is mounted on the window sheet mounting seat 2.
Wherein, the gold plating on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 comprises: the side surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 is plated with a side surface metal plating layer 103 and the outer surface 101 of the sapphire window sheet 1 is plated with a gold ring 104, or only the outer surface 101 of the sapphire window sheet 1 is plated with the gold ring 104.
When the side metal plating layer 103 is plated on the side of the sapphire window sheet 1 and the gold ring 104 is plated on the outer surface 101 of the sapphire window sheet 1, the gap between the sapphire window sheet 1 and the window sheet mount 2 is at least 0.05mm.
When gold ring 104 is plated only on outer surface 101 of sapphire window sheet 1, the gap between sapphire window sheet 1 and window sheet mount 2 is at a minimum of 0mm.
Wherein, gilding includes on sapphire window piece 1 and window piece mount pad 2's contact surface: magnetron sputtering is used to plate titanium, platinum, gold, or chromium, nickel, gold, or titanium, nickel, gold, or chromium, platinum, gold, etc. respectively. Further, the inner surface of the sapphire window sheet 1 is plated with a gold ring.
The gold plating process on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat 2 includes: plating gold on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat 2 in an electroplating mode.
Step S2, the first wedge piece 3 and the second wedge piece 4 are symmetrically and adhesively mounted on the endoscope tube 5.
Specifically, the first wedge piece 3 and the second wedge piece 4 are fixed on the endoscope tube 5 by adopting epoxy glue with biocompatibility, and are positioned by adopting a fixture, so that the initial curing strength is reached within 15min at 80 ℃ and is about 1-2 MPa, and the quick curing requirement of a production line factory is met. The epoxy glue also needs to meet the temperature change impact in 500 times of high-temperature sterilization, has a sterilization time of more than 45 minutes, keeps good adhesion at a high temperature of 134 ℃ without falling off, and can resist the thrust caused by 2 atmospheric pressure differences.
The contact surfaces of the first wedge piece 3, the second wedge piece 4 and the endoscope tube 5 are small, and glue with strong adhesion force is needed. If a UV adhesive is used for the rapid curing, the contact surface cannot be well cured by UV light and the curing is insufficient. And a typical UV glue cannot withstand repeated autoclaving.
And S3, mounting the window sheet mounting seat 2 on the endoscope tube 5 by adopting laser welding.
Specifically, firstly, the outer side of the tail end of the window sheet mounting seat 2 and the inner side of the head of the endoscope tube 5 are fixed by adopting adhesive, wherein the position close to the welding line is not coated with the adhesive, so as to prevent the laser welding
The effect is then exerted, and laser welding is performed at the gap of the outer surface of the window mounting 2 and the inner tube 5.
S4, installing an optical fiber 7 between the first wedge piece 3 and the second wedge piece 4 in the rest space between the light outlet of the inner lens tube 5 and the outer lens tube 6; and (3) drip-irrigation fiber glue is arranged at the light outlet of the optical fiber 7, and solidification is carried out.
Further, the step S4 further includes: and (3) drip-irrigation fiber glue is arranged at the light outlet of the optical fiber 7, the fiber glue is permeated into the interior by about 4-5 cm through the optical fiber 7, then the fiber glue is heated under an infrared lamp for preliminary curing, and after the preliminary curing is finished, the fiber glue is transferred into an oven for complete curing.
And S5, grinding the end face of the polishing fiber 7.
Specifically, before polishing the end face of the optical fiber 7, it is necessary to apply a hydrolyzable UV glue on the sapphire window sheet 1 for protection, and then perform rough polishing, finish polishing, and polishing on the end face of the optical fiber 7. And after polishing, heating and hydrolyzing to remove the hydrolyzable UV adhesive on the sapphire window sheet 1, and finally performing ultrasonic cleaning.
The endoscope head structure provided by the invention adopts brazing and laser welding sealing, can prevent water and gas, and meets the requirements of steam sterilization at the high temperature of 134 ℃ for 500 times. In the endoscope head structure provided by this example, the sealing structure formed by the sapphire window sheet 1 and the endoscope tube 5 is not glued, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, and the optical lenses are all arranged in the endoscope tube. Through actual measurement, no water vapor enters the cavity during high-temperature high-pressure sterilization. Through test, the airtight leakage rate of tin soldering and laser welding can reach 10 -9 Pa·m 3 /s。
The glue belongs to a polymer, and water molecules can enter the lens tube through a network structure of the polymer at the high temperature of 134 ℃ and the pressure of 2 atmospheres, and influence the optical system. The sealing structure formed by the sapphire window sheet 1 and the endoscope tube 5 is bonded by adopting various glues, and water vapor can enter the cavity after multiple times of sterilization, and in some cases, although the water vapor can be pumped out by negative pressure before sterilization (the temperature and the pressure in the sterilization process change as shown in the 5 th stage of fig. 10), the optical system is greatly damaged, the service life of the product is influenced, the repeatable sterilization times are reduced, and the water vapor entering the system can also generate water stain residues on the lens.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. The specification and examples are to be regarded in an illustrative manner only. For example, the endoscope provided by the drawing of the present invention is a hard tube abdominal cavity endoscope, and if applied to an intervertebral aperture, an arthroscope, a cystoscope, a hysteroscope, etc., the endoscope is also within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof.
Claims (10)
1. An endoscope head structure comprising: an inner lens tube (5) and an outer lens tube (6) which are coaxially arranged; a window sheet mounting seat (2) is arranged on the endoscope tube (5) by adopting laser welding, plating layers are respectively arranged on contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat (2) and the sapphire window sheet (1), and the sapphire window sheet (1) is mounted on the window sheet mounting seat (2) through brazing; a first wedge piece (3) and a second wedge piece (4) are symmetrically arranged between the inner lens tube (5) and the outer lens tube (6), and the rest space at the light outlet between the inner lens tube (5) and the outer lens tube (6) is provided with an optical fiber (7); the first wedge piece (3) and the second wedge piece (4) are used for controlling bending and guiding of the optical fiber (7) so that a light outlet of the optical fiber (7) is perpendicular to a plane where the sapphire window piece (1) is located.
2. An endoscope head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer end surface of the sapphire window plate (1) is lower than the outer end surface of the window plate mounting seat (2).
3. An endoscope head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surfaces of the window sheet mounting seat (2) and the sapphire window sheet (1) are respectively provided with plating layers comprising:
the contact surfaces of the sapphire window sheet (1) and the window sheet mounting seat (2) are respectively plated with gold and then tin;
wherein, gold plating on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet (1) comprises: a side metal plating layer (103) is plated on the side surface of the sapphire window sheet (1) and a gold ring (104) is plated on the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1), or the gold ring (104) is plated on the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1) only;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet (1) comprises the following steps: respectively plating titanium, platinum and gold, or chromium, nickel and gold, or titanium, nickel and gold, or chromium, platinum and gold by magnetron sputtering;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat (2) comprises the following steps: plating gold on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat (2) in an electroplating mode.
4. An endoscope head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that when the side of the sapphire window sheet (1) is coated with a side metal coating (103) and the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1) is coated with a gold ring (104), the gap between the sapphire window sheet (1) and the window sheet mounting seat (2) is at a minimum of 0.05mm;
when gold rings (104) are plated only on the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1), the gap between the sapphire window sheet (1) and the window sheet mounting seat (2) is minimum to 0mm.
5. An endoscope head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the brazing position (9) of the sapphire window sheet (1) and the window sheet mounting seat (2) is more than 10mm away from the laser welding position (8) of the window sheet mounting seat (2) and the endoscope tube (5).
6. A method of producing an endoscope head structure, the method comprising:
gold plating and tin plating are carried out on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat (2) and the sapphire window sheet (1), and the sapphire window sheet (1) is brazed on the window sheet mounting seat (2);
the first wedge piece (3) and the second wedge piece (4) are symmetrically and adhesively arranged on the endoscope tube (5);
the window sheet mounting seat (2) is mounted on the endoscope tube (5) by adopting laser welding;
an optical fiber (7) is arranged in the rest space between the inner lens tube (5) and the outer lens tube (6) at the light outlet, namely between the first wedge piece (3) and the second wedge piece (4); drip irrigation fiber glue at the light outlet of the optical fiber (7), and curing;
and grinding the end face of the polishing fiber (7).
7. The method of producing an endoscope head structure according to claim 6, wherein plating gold and tin on the contact surface of the window sheet mount (2) and the sapphire window sheet (1) comprises:
wherein, gold plating on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet (1) comprises: a side metal plating layer (103) is plated on the side surface of the sapphire window sheet (1) and a gold ring (104) is plated on the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1), or the gold ring (104) is plated on the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1) only;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the sapphire window sheet (1) comprises the following steps: respectively plating titanium, platinum and gold, or chromium, nickel and gold, or titanium, nickel and gold, or chromium, platinum and gold by magnetron sputtering;
the gold plating process on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat (2) comprises the following steps: plating gold on the contact surface of the window sheet mounting seat (2) in an electroplating mode.
8. A method of producing an endoscope head structure according to claim 7, characterized in that when the side of the sapphire window sheet (1) is coated with a side metal coating (103) and the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1) is coated with a gold ring (104), the gap between the sapphire window sheet (1) and the window sheet mount (2) is at least 0.05mm;
when gold rings (104) are plated only on the outer surface (101) of the sapphire window sheet (1), the gap between the sapphire window sheet (1) and the window sheet mounting seat (2) is minimum to 0mm.
9. A method of producing an endoscope head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the process of mounting the window sheet mount (2) on the endoscope tube (5) by laser welding comprises:
the outer side of the tail end of the window sheet mounting seat (2) and the inner side of the head of the endoscope tube (5) are fixed by adopting gluing, wherein glue is not coated at the position close to the welding line, and laser welding is carried out at the gap of the outer surface of the window sheet mounting seat (2) and the outer surface of the endoscope tube (5) assembled; the distance between the laser welding position (8) of the window sheet mounting seat (2) and the endoscope tube (5) and the brazing position (9) of the sapphire window sheet (1) and the window sheet mounting seat (2) is more than 10 mm.
10. A method of producing an endoscope head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the process of polishing the end face of the optical fiber (7) comprises:
coating a hydrolyzable UV adhesive on the sapphire window sheet (1) for protection, and then carrying out rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing on the end face of the optical fiber (7); and after polishing, heating and hydrolyzing to remove the hydrolyzable UV adhesive on the sapphire window sheet (1), and finally performing ultrasonic cleaning.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410055409.7A CN117652999A (en) | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-15 | Endoscope head structure and production method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410055409.7A CN117652999A (en) | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-15 | Endoscope head structure and production method thereof |
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| CN117652999A true CN117652999A (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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| CN202410055409.7A Pending CN117652999A (en) | 2024-01-15 | 2024-01-15 | Endoscope head structure and production method thereof |
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- 2024-01-15 CN CN202410055409.7A patent/CN117652999A/en active Pending
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