CN117645436A - Impervious and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Impervious and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920002749 Bacterial cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589220 Acetobacter Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000032681 Gluconacetobacter Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0048—Fibrous materials
- C04B20/0068—Composite fibres, e.g. fibres with a core and sheath of different material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/16—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to an anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers and a preparation method thereof, and the anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 20-30 parts of mineral powder, 100-150 parts of fine stone, 5-20 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber, 2-5 parts of water reducer and 30-60 parts of water; the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is a composite fiber composed of elastic hydrogel fibers and bacterial cellulose. According to the invention, the elasticity of the elastic hydrogel fiber is utilized to improve the toughness and the crack resistance of the concrete, the water absorption expansion characteristic of the hydrogel is utilized to improve the impermeability of the concrete, and meanwhile, the in-situ growth crosslinking of the nanoscale bacterial cellulose in the porous structure can improve the fiber strength, so that the reinforcing effect on the concrete is improved, and the concrete with good impermeability and crack resistance and high strength is finally obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to an anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is one of the most important building engineering materials in life and production, and is usually prepared from cementing materials, granular aggregate, water and functional additives and admixtures added if necessary according to a certain proportion, and is obtained through uniform stirring, compact forming, curing and hardening. The formula has important influence on the performance, and can obtain concrete with different functions, such as anti-seepage and anti-cracking, reinforcing and toughening, heat insulation and sound insulation, and the like. The anti-seepage and anti-cracking agent aims at the problems that cement and admixture hydration in concrete generate and release a large amount of heat, after the cement and admixture hydration is basically completed, the concrete begins to cool and shrink, if the tensile stress generated by shrinkage is larger than the tensile strength of the concrete, temperature cracks are easy to generate, and the toughness of the concrete is improved and brittle fracture is prevented through component optimization.
Patent CN202311081209.0 discloses a preparation process of an organic fiber additive and application thereof in concrete, comprising a fiber component, a polymer gel component and a water-reducing component. The scheme makes up the defect of excessive pore structure of the ceramsite concrete, and in addition, the organic fiber additive is used as a secondary reinforcement material of the concrete, so that the crack resistance, the impermeability, the frost resistance, the ageing resistance, the workability and the water retention of the concrete can be improved, and the concrete has very unique effects in solving the early plastic cracking of the concrete and reducing the drying shrinkage deformation of the concrete. However, the concrete is modified by adopting ceramsite, so that the strength can be reduced, and the service life of the concrete is influenced.
Therefore, how to improve the anti-seepage and anti-cracking performance of concrete and ensure the compression resistance and the flexural strength of the concrete is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers and a preparation method thereof, wherein the elasticity of the elastic hydrogel fibers is utilized to improve the toughness and the anti-cracking performance of the concrete, the water absorption expansion characteristic of the hydrogel is utilized to improve the anti-seepage performance of the concrete, and meanwhile, the in-situ growth crosslinking of nanoscale bacterial cellulose in a porous structure can improve the fiber strength, so that the reinforcing effect on the concrete is improved, and the concrete with good anti-seepage and anti-cracking performance and high strength is finally obtained.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 20-30 parts of mineral powder, 100-150 parts of fine stone, 5-20 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber, 2-5 parts of water reducer and 30-60 parts of water; the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is a composite fiber composed of porous elastic hydrogel fibers and bacterial cellulose.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is obtained by in-situ growth crosslinking of the bacterial cellulose in the porous elastic hydrogel fiber.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for preparing the porous elastic hydrogel fiber comprises: and adding polyurethane and a hydrogel polymer into a mixed solvent consisting of dimethylformamide and water to obtain a hydrogel solution, spinning into a filiform fiber, and freeze-drying to obtain the porous elastic hydrogel fiber.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the content of the polyurethane in the hydrogel solution is 5 to 10wt% and the content of the hydrogel polymer is 1 to 6wt%.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the hydrogel polymer includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, sodium alginate and sodium polyacrylate; the filiform fibers are obtained by extrusion or drawing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the in-situ grown cross-links include:
weighing each component according to the composition of the fermentation medium, adding water to fix the volume, adjusting the pH to 6.0+/-0.5, and sterilizing the components together with the porous elastic hydrogel fiber to obtain a fermentation medium solution; inoculating with seed solution of Acetobacter gluconate with an inoculum size of 8-12%, dynamically culturing for 20-30 hr, and statically culturing for 20-30 hr;
the composition of the fermentation medium is as follows: 2.25+/-0.1 wt% of glucose, 2.75+/-0.1 wt% of sucrose, 0.1+/-0.01 wt% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5+/-0.1 wt% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.07+/-0.01 wt% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02+/-0.01 wt% of calcium lactate, 1.0+/-0.01 wt% of peptone, 0.75+/-0.01 wt% of yeast extract powder, 0.15+/-0.01 wt% of glacial acetic acid, 0.06+/-0.001 wt% of citric acid and 0.04+/-0.001 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the bacterial cellulose grows in an amount of 10-30% of the mass of the porous elastic hydrogel fiber.
As a further improvement of the invention, the length of the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is 5-20mm, and the diameter is 100-1000 mu m.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the porous elastic hydrogel fiber has a porosity of 20-50% and a pore size of 5-20 μm.
An anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers as set forth in any one of the above, characterized by comprising the following steps:
100-120 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 20-30 parts of mineral powder, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 100-150 parts of fine stone and 5-20 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber are uniformly mixed, and then 2-5 parts of water reducer and 30-60 parts of water are added and uniformly stirred to obtain concrete slurry; pouring and curing the concrete slurry to obtain the impervious and anti-cracking concrete.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on the elastic hydrogel composite fiber, the elasticity of the elastic hydrogel fiber is utilized to improve the toughness and the anti-cracking performance of the concrete, the water absorption expansion characteristic of the hydrogel is utilized to improve the anti-seepage performance of the concrete, meanwhile, the in-situ growth crosslinking of the nanoscale bacterial cellulose in the porous structure can improve the fiber strength, the reinforcing effect on the concrete is further improved, and the concrete with good anti-seepage and anti-cracking performance and high strength is finally obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation flow of the anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on the elastic hydrogel composite fiber.
FIG. 2 is a bar graph of compressive and tensile strength for example 1 and ratios 1-4.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides an anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 20-30 parts of mineral powder, 100-150 parts of fine stone, 5-20 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber, 2-5 parts of water reducer and 30-60 parts of water; the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is a composite fiber composed of porous elastic hydrogel fibers and bacterial cellulose.
The elasticity of the elastic hydrogel fiber is utilized to improve the toughness and the crack resistance of the concrete, and the water absorption expansion characteristic of the hydrogel is utilized to improve the impermeability of the concrete; meanwhile, in-situ growth crosslinking of the nanoscale bacterial cellulose in the porous structure can improve the fiber strength, so that the reinforcing effect on concrete is improved, and finally the concrete with good anti-permeability and anti-cracking performance and high strength is obtained.
As shown in fig. 1, the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is obtained by in-situ growth and crosslinking of the bacterial cellulose in the porous elastic hydrogel fiber. The bacterial cellulose is a 40-60 nanometer thick fiber bundle formed by combining microfibers with the diameter of 3-4 nanometers, and interweaving the microfibers to form a developed hyperfine network structure; its modulus and tensile strength are high and water-holding capacity is high. The porous elastic hydrogel fiber grows in situ in the pore structure of the porous elastic hydrogel fiber, so that the fiber strength and water holding capacity can be improved, and the strength and the seepage resistance of concrete are further improved.
The preparation method of the porous elastic hydrogel fiber comprises the following steps: and adding polyurethane and a hydrogel polymer into a mixed solvent consisting of dimethylformamide and water to obtain a hydrogel solution, spinning into a filiform fiber, and freeze-drying to obtain the porous elastic hydrogel fiber. The volume ratio of the dimethylformamide to the water is (1-2): 1.
The polyurethane and hydrogel polymer are dissolved in a mixed solvent composed of N, N-dimethylformamide and water to form a solution with spinnability, the solution is spun into filiform fibers, the filiform fibers are frozen at the temperature of minus 60 ℃ to minus 40 ℃, then vacuum drying is carried out, and the solvent is volatilized after being instantaneously frozen, thus constructing the porous structure. The fiber has the elasticity of polyurethane and the gel characteristic of hydrogel polymer, so that the toughness and strength of concrete can be improved, and the seepage-proofing performance can be improved.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the content of the polyurethane in the hydrogel solution is 5 to 10wt% and the content of the hydrogel polymer is 1 to 6wt%.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the hydrogel polymer includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, sodium alginate and sodium polyacrylate; the filiform fibers are obtained by extrusion or drawing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the in-situ grown cross-links include:
weighing each component according to the composition of the fermentation medium, adding water to fix the volume, adjusting the pH to 6.0+/-0.5, and sterilizing the components together with the porous elastic hydrogel fiber to obtain a fermentation medium solution; inoculating with seed solution of Acetobacter gluconate with an inoculum size of 8-12%, dynamically culturing for 20-30 hr, and statically culturing for 20-30 hr;
the composition of the fermentation medium is as follows: 2.25+/-0.1 wt% of glucose, 2.75+/-0.1 wt% of sucrose, 0.1+/-0.01 wt% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5+/-0.1 wt% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.07+/-0.01 wt% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02+/-0.01 wt% of calcium lactate, 1.0+/-0.01 wt% of peptone, 0.75+/-0.01 wt% of yeast extract powder, 0.15+/-0.01 wt% of glacial acetic acid, 0.06+/-0.001 wt% of citric acid and 0.04+/-0.001 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the bacterial cellulose grows in an amount of 10-30% of the mass of the porous elastic hydrogel fiber.
As a further improvement of the invention, the length of the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is 5-20mm, and the diameter is 100-1000 mu m.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the porous elastic hydrogel fiber has a porosity of 20-50% and a pore size of 5-20 μm.
An anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers as set forth in any one of the above, characterized by comprising the following steps:
100-120 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 20-30 parts of mineral powder, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 100-150 parts of fine stone and 5-20 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber are uniformly mixed, and then 2-5 parts of water reducer and 30-60 parts of water are added and uniformly stirred to obtain concrete slurry; pouring and curing the concrete slurry to obtain the impervious and anti-cracking concrete.
Example 1
An impervious and anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 38 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of silica fume, 22 parts of mineral powder, 110 parts of fine stone, 12 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber, 3 parts of water reducer and 48 parts of water. The elastic hydrogel composite fiber had a length of 15mm and a diameter of 650 μm.
The preparation method of the elastic hydrogel composite fiber comprises the following steps:
adding polyurethane and sodium polyacrylate into a mixed solvent composed of dimethylformamide and water (the volume ratio of the dimethylformamide to the water is 1.5:1) to obtain a hydrogel solution, spinning into filiform fibers, and freeze-drying to obtain the porous elastic hydrogel fibers. The content of polyurethane was 8wt% and the content of sodium polyacrylate was 3wt%.
Weighing each component according to the composition of the fermentation medium, adding water to fix the volume, adjusting the pH to 6.0, and sterilizing the components together with the porous elastic hydrogel fiber to obtain a fermentation medium solution; inoculating the seed solution of the gluconacetobacter with the inoculum size of 10 percent, dynamically culturing for 25 hours, and then statically culturing for 25 hours; obtaining the elastic hydrogel composite fiber.
Wherein, the composition of the fermentation medium is: 2.25+/-0.1 wt% of glucose, 2.75+/-0.1 wt% of sucrose, 0.1+/-0.01 wt% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5+/-0.1 wt% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.07+/-0.01 wt% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02+/-0.01 wt% of calcium lactate, 1.0+/-0.01 wt% of peptone, 0.75+/-0.01 wt% of yeast extract powder, 0.15+/-0.01 wt% of glacial acetic acid, 0.06+/-0.001 wt% of citric acid and 0.04+/-0.001 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
100 parts of cement, 40 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of silica fume, 25 parts of mineral powder, 120 parts of fine stone and 12 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber are uniformly mixed, and then 3 parts of water reducer and 48 parts of water are added and uniformly stirred to obtain concrete slurry; pouring and curing the concrete slurry to obtain the impervious and anti-cracking concrete.
Example 2
An impervious and anti-cracking concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of cement, 45 parts of fly ash, 18 parts of silica fume, 25 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of fine stone, 18 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber, 3 parts of water reducer and 50 parts of water. The elastic hydrogel composite fiber had a length of 15mm and a diameter of 450. Mu.m.
The preparation method of the elastic hydrogel composite fiber comprises the following steps:
adding polyurethane and sodium polyacrylate into a mixed solvent composed of dimethylformamide and water (the volume ratio of the dimethylformamide to the water is 1:1) to obtain a hydrogel solution, spinning into filiform fibers, and freeze-drying to obtain the porous elastic hydrogel fibers. The content of polyurethane was 10wt% and the content of sodium polyacrylate was 5wt%.
Weighing each component according to the composition of the fermentation medium, adding water to fix the volume, adjusting the pH to 6.0, and sterilizing the components together with the porous elastic hydrogel fiber to obtain a fermentation medium solution; inoculating the seed solution of the gluconacetobacter with the inoculum size of 10 percent, dynamically culturing for 25 hours, and then statically culturing for 25 hours; obtaining the elastic hydrogel composite fiber.
Wherein, the composition of the fermentation medium is: 2.25+/-0.1 wt% of glucose, 2.75+/-0.1 wt% of sucrose, 0.1+/-0.01 wt% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5+/-0.1 wt% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.07+/-0.01 wt% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02+/-0.01 wt% of calcium lactate, 1.0+/-0.01 wt% of peptone, 0.75+/-0.01 wt% of yeast extract powder, 0.15+/-0.01 wt% of glacial acetic acid, 0.06+/-0.001 wt% of citric acid and 0.04+/-0.001 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Uniformly mixing 110 parts of cement, 45 parts of fly ash, 18 parts of silica fume, 25 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of fine stone and 18 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber, and then adding 3 parts of water reducer and 50 parts of water to uniformly stir to obtain concrete slurry; the concrete slurry was poured and cured to obtain an anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete (curing conditions were the same as in example 1).
Example 3
The concrete is different from example 1 in that the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is added in an amount of 5 parts. The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Example 4
The concrete is different from example 1 in that the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is added in an amount of 20 parts. The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Example 5
An impermeable and anti-cracking concrete is different from example 1 in that sodium polyacrylate is replaced with polyvinyl alcohol. The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Comparative example 1
An impermeable and crack-resistant concrete was different from example 1 in that the elastic hydrogel composite fiber was replaced with a polyurethane fiber in equal amounts. The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Comparative example 2
An impermeable and anti-cracking concrete was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the elastic hydrogel composite fiber was replaced with a porous elastic hydrogel fiber in the same amount as in example 1. The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Comparative example 3
An impermeable and crack-resistant concrete was different from example 1 in that the elastic hydrogel composite fiber was replaced with an equal amount of elastic composite fiber. The preparation method of the elastic composite fiber comprises the following steps: adding polyurethane into a mixed solvent composed of dimethylformamide and water (the volume ratio of the dimethylformamide to the water is 1.5:1), spinning into filiform fibers, and freeze-drying to obtain the porous elastic fibers. The polyurethane content was 8% by weight. Bacterial cellulose was then grown in situ as in example 1.
The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Comparative example 4
An impermeable and anti-cracking concrete is different from example 1 in that no elastic hydrogel composite fiber is added. The other components are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
The compressive strength, bending strength and splitting tensile strength of each sample cured 28d were measured according to GB/T50081-2002 Standard of test method for mechanical Properties of general concrete. The water penetration depth was tested according to GB/T50082-2009 Standard for test method for Long-term Properties and durability of ordinary concrete, wherein the water penetration depth was tested by a progressive pressurizing method, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of Performance test of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-4
As can be seen from table 1 and fig. 2, the invention significantly improves the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of concrete and measures the high level of impermeability by adding the elastic hydrogel composite fiber. When bacterial cellulose is not grown in situ, the compressive strength and the cleavage tensile strength are significantly reduced, and the impervious grade is also reduced by 2 grades. It is explained that the cross-linking of bacterial cellulose helps to increase the strength of the concrete. When the fiber does not contain the hydrogel polymer, the permeation resistance level is reduced by 3 levels, which indicates that the hydrogel polymer swells and gels in the fiber by absorbing water, improving the permeation resistance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An impervious and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 20-30 parts of mineral powder, 100-150 parts of fine stone, 5-20 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber, 2-5 parts of water reducer and 30-60 parts of water; the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is a composite fiber composed of porous elastic hydrogel fibers and bacterial cellulose.
2. The elastic hydrogel composite fiber-based impervious and crack-resistant concrete of claim 1, wherein the elastic hydrogel composite fiber is derived from in situ growing cross-links of the bacterial cellulose in the porous elastic hydrogel fiber.
3. The elastic hydrogel composite fiber-based anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the porous elastic hydrogel fiber comprises the following steps: and adding polyurethane and a hydrogel polymer into a mixed solvent consisting of dimethylformamide and water to obtain a hydrogel solution, spinning into a filiform fiber, and freeze-drying to obtain the porous elastic hydrogel fiber.
4. The anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fiber according to claim 3, wherein the content of polyurethane in the hydrogel solution is 5-10wt% and the content of hydrogel polymer is 1-6wt%.
5. The elastic hydrogel composite fiber-based anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete of claim 3, wherein the hydrogel polymer comprises one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, sodium alginate and sodium polyacrylate; the filiform fibers are obtained by extrusion or drawing.
6. The elastic hydrogel composite fiber-based anti-penetration and anti-cracking concrete of claim 2, wherein the in-situ growth crosslinking comprises:
weighing each component according to the composition of the fermentation medium, adding water to fix the volume, adjusting the pH to 6.0+/-0.5, and sterilizing the components together with the porous elastic hydrogel fiber to obtain a fermentation medium solution; inoculating with seed solution of Acetobacter gluconate with an inoculum size of 8-12%, dynamically culturing for 20-30 hr, and static culturing for 20-30 hr to obtain elastic hydrogel composite fiber;
the composition of the fermentation medium is as follows: 2.25+/-0.1 wt% of glucose, 2.75+/-0.1 wt% of sucrose, 0.1+/-0.01 wt% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5+/-0.1 wt% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.07+/-0.01 wt% of magnesium sulfate, 0.02+/-0.01 wt% of calcium lactate, 1.0+/-0.01 wt% of peptone, 0.75+/-0.01 wt% of yeast extract powder, 0.15+/-0.01 wt% of glacial acetic acid, 0.06+/-0.001 wt% of citric acid and 0.04+/-0.001 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
7. The elastic hydrogel composite fiber-based anti-seepage and anti-cracking concrete of claim 6, wherein the bacterial cellulose grows in an amount of 10-30% of the mass of the porous elastic hydrogel fiber.
8. The impermeable and crack-resistant concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elastic hydrogel composite fibers have a length of 5-20mm and a diameter of 100-1000 μm.
9. The impermeable and crack-resistant concrete based on elastic hydrogel composite fibers according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the porous elastic hydrogel fibers have a porosity of 20-50% and a pore size of 5-20 μm.
10. An elastomeric hydrogel composite fiber-based impervious crack-resistant concrete as in any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
100-120 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 20-30 parts of mineral powder, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 100-150 parts of fine stone and 5-20 parts of elastic hydrogel composite fiber are uniformly mixed, and then 2-5 parts of water reducer and 30-60 parts of water are added and uniformly stirred to obtain concrete slurry; pouring and curing the concrete slurry to obtain the impervious and anti-cracking concrete.
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| CN118459181A (en) * | 2024-07-12 | 2024-08-09 | 济南大学 | Porous ecological concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN118459181B (en) * | 2024-07-12 | 2024-09-24 | 济南大学 | Porous ecological concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN118459181A (en) * | 2024-07-12 | 2024-08-09 | 济南大学 | Porous ecological concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN118459181B (en) * | 2024-07-12 | 2024-09-24 | 济南大学 | Porous ecological concrete and preparation method thereof |
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