CN117626111A - Non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN117626111A
CN117626111A CN202210977542.9A CN202210977542A CN117626111A CN 117626111 A CN117626111 A CN 117626111A CN 202210977542 A CN202210977542 A CN 202210977542A CN 117626111 A CN117626111 A CN 117626111A
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electric vehicle
oriented electrical
electrical steel
driving motor
steel
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房现石
张峰
王波
郝允卫
周琳
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210977542.9A priority Critical patent/CN117626111A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/112938 priority patent/WO2024037504A1/en
Publication of CN117626111A publication Critical patent/CN117626111A/en
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    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
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Abstract

The invention discloses non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor, which contains Fe and unavoidable impurities and also contains the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.003%, si:3.0-4.5%, al:0.15-2.5%, mn:0.15-2.5%; magnetic induction intensity B of non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor 50M 1.60T or more, wherein B 50M ＝(B 50L +B 50C +2B 50X ) 4, wherein B 50L The magnetic induction intensity of the rolling direction when magnetized under a magnetic field of 5000A/m; b (B) 50C Is the magnetic induction intensity perpendicular to the rolling direction when magnetized under a magnetic field of 5000A/m; b (B) 50X The magnetic induction intensity is the minimum value when magnetizing under the magnetic field of 5000A/m and at different angles with the rolling direction. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the non-oriented electrical steel.

Description

Non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the same.
Background
In recent years, with increasing attention of worldwide countries on carbon emission reduction, environmental protection and energy conservation, traditional fuel automobiles are gradually replaced by electric automobiles, market and user demands on the electric automobiles become larger and larger, and more automobile enterprises start to put into production and research and development of the electric automobiles.
Currently, in order to obtain more competitive electric vehicles, the requirements of various vehicle manufacturers on driving motors of the electric vehicles are continuously improved, and the driving motors are required to be miniaturized, high in power density, high in rotating speed and the like, and meanwhile, the working frequency range reaches 400Hz to several kilohertz.
In order to meet the requirements of a driving motor, the non-oriented silicon steel serving as a motor iron core material needs to have the characteristics of high frequency and low iron loss so as to meet the high-efficiency conversion of energy sources; in addition, the non-oriented silicon steel used as the motor iron core material needs to have high enough strength to ensure that the motor rotor is not deformed and not broken in the high-speed rotation process; in addition, the non-oriented silicon steel needs to have excellent magnetic induction so as to meet the high torque requirement when the motor is started or accelerated, and besides the excellent magnetic induction in the longitudinal direction (rolling direction) and the transverse direction (perpendicular to the rolling direction), the magnetism in other directions, particularly the magnetism in the direction of the magnetic minimum value has an important influence on the motor performance, namely the magnetic induction in the direction of the magnetic minimum value is expected to be excellent.
Aiming at the requirement, a great deal of researches are carried out by some researchers at present, and a certain research result is achieved, but the practical application effect is not ideal:
for example: the Chinese patent literature with publication number of CN106435358A and publication date of 2017, 2 months and 22 days, named as a manufacturing method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for a new energy automobile driving motor, discloses high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for a new energy automobile driving motor, which adopts a thin strip continuous casting process and a low-temperature annealing process, and can obtain the non-oriented silicon steel with yield strength of 600-780MPa through NbC precipitation and fine grain structure strengthening. However, the high-frequency iron loss in the non-oriented silicon steel sheet obtained in the technical proposal is higher, P at 400Hz 10/400 It has reached 28.0-38.2W/kg, and the iron loss is further increased at 600Hz, and no control of magnetic anisotropy has been reported.
For another example: the Chinese patent literature with the publication number of CN111471941A and the publication date of 2020, 7 months and 31 days is entitled "high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for a driving motor rotor of a new energy automobile with the yield strength of 600MPa and a manufacturing method thereof", discloses high-strength non-oriented silicon steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: si:2.8% -3.5%, mn:0.35% -0.65%, als:0.50% -0.80%, and solid solution strengthening is carried out by adding any two elements of Cr, nb, ti, ni and V, wherein the content range is 0.05% -0.55%. According to the technical scheme, the {111} plane texture is enhanced, so that a product with yield strength exceeding 600MPa is obtained, but the iron loss P10/400 is as high as 22.6-30.4W/kg, and if the frequency is 600Hz higher, the loss is higher.
Based on this, unlike the above prior art, the inventors have devised and expected a new non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor and a method of manufacturing the same to meet the demands of markets and users.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor, which has the characteristics of high strength, high frequency, low iron loss, high magnetic induction and small magnetic anisotropy, and has good popularization prospect and application value. The non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor can be used for effectively preparing the driving motor of a new energy automobile and can effectively meet the requirements of the market on high rotating speed, miniaturization, high torque and the like of the electric vehicle driving motor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor, which contains Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further contains the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
C≤0.003％，Si：3.0-4.5％，Al：0.15-2.5％，Mn：0.15-2.5％；
magnetic induction intensity B of non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor 50M 1.60T or more, wherein B 50M ＝(B 50L +B 50C +2B 50X ) 4, wherein B 50L The magnetic induction intensity of the rolling direction when magnetized under a magnetic field of 5000A/m; b (B) 50C Is the magnetic induction intensity perpendicular to the rolling direction when magnetized under a magnetic field of 5000A/m; b (B) 50X For a magnetic field of 5000A/mIn the case of the rolling, the magnetic induction intensity is the minimum value at different angles from the rolling direction.
Further, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the mass percentage of each chemical element is as follows:
c is less than or equal to 0.003%, si:3.0-4.5%, al:0.15-2.5%, mn:0.15-2.5%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the design principle of each chemical element is as follows:
c: in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the element C is an impurity element which is harmful to the magnetism of the non-oriented silicon steel, so that the content of the element C is strictly controlled to be 0.003% or less, namely, the element C in the steel is controlled to meet the following conditions: c is less than or equal to 0.003 percent.
Of course, in some embodiments, in order to obtain a better implementation effect, the mass percentage of the element C may be further preferably controlled as follows: c is less than or equal to 0.002 percent.
Si: in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the proper amount of Si element is added into the steel, so that the resistivity of the non-oriented electrical steel plate can be increased, and the iron loss can be reduced; meanwhile, si is used as a solid solution strengthening element, so that the strength of the steel plate can be improved. Therefore, in order to exert the beneficial effect of Si element, the steel has the performances of high yield strength, high frequency and low iron loss, and the content of Si element in the steel is required to be more than 3.0%. However, it should be noted that the Si content in the steel is not too high, and when the Si content in the steel exceeds 4.5%, ordered phase Fe appears 3 Si or FeSi is rapidly deteriorated in room temperature plasticity, cannot be industrially produced by large-scale cold rolling, and also is deteriorated in magnetic induction. Based on the above, in the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Si element is controlled to be 3.0 to 4.5% in consideration of the influence of Si element content on the steel properties.
Al: in the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to the present invention, al is also an effective element for increasing resistivity and reducing core loss, and 0.15% or more of Al is required to be added to the steel in consideration of the effect of the element on improving core loss. However, the content of Al element in the steel is not too high, and the addition of excessive Al is unfavorable for the magnetic induction intensity of the steel, and causes difficulty in steel-making casting and deterioration of cold workability of the steel sheet, so that the addition amount of Al element in the steel is not more than 2.5%. Based on the above, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the mass percentage of the Al element is controlled to be between 0.15 and 2.5 percent.
Mn: in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, mn element can improve the resistivity of the steel, and meanwhile Mn element can react with S element to form MnS, so that the electromagnetic performance of the steel is improved, and more than 0.1% of Mn is necessary to exert the beneficial effect of Mn element. However, it should be noted that the Mn content in the steel is not too high, and when the Mn content in the steel exceeds 2.5%, the plasticity of the steel is lowered and cold rolling strip breakage is caused. Based on the above, in order to exert the beneficial effect of Mn element, in the non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor of the present invention, the mass percentage of Mn element is controlled between 0.15-2.5%.
The non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor has the characteristics of low magnetic anisotropy while having high strength, high frequency, low iron loss and high magnetic induction strength, and has the yield strength of more than or equal to 440MPa and the iron loss P 10/600 Less than or equal to 30W/kg and magnetic induction intensity B 50M ≥1.60T。
As for the iron loss, since the new energy electric car drive motor is being miniaturized and highly efficient, it is required that the high frequency iron loss of the non-oriented electrical steel is smaller and better. Thus, the invention has lower iron loss, and the iron loss P is under the conditions of the magnetic flux density of 1.0T and the frequency of 600Hz 10/600 ≤30W/kg。
Regarding the yield strength, the driving motor rotor for electric vehicles is required to have high reliability at high speed operation, particularly, the rotation speed exceeds 15000rpm, and the magnetic core material is required to have a sufficiently high strength to ensure that the material is not denatured and not broken. Therefore, the invention designs higher yield strength, and specifically controls the yield strength to be more than or equal to 440MPa.
Regarding the magnetic induction, the driving motor of the electric automobile is continuously changed in the exciting direction of the steel plate during the operation, and in the design of the motor, the non-oriented electrical steel adopted is required to have excellent magnetic induction in the longitudinal direction (rolling direction) and the transverse direction (perpendicular to the rolling direction), and the magnetic induction in other directions, particularly the magnetic induction in the direction of the magnetic minimum value has an important influence on the performance of the motor.
Therefore, in the present invention, when designing such non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor, the magnetic induction B of the steel material is specifically designed 50M 1.60T and defines the designed magnetic induction B 50M ＝(B 50L +B 50C +2B 50X )/4。
Further, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, C is less than or equal to 0.002%.
Further, in the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to the present invention, among the unavoidable impurities, P is not more than 0.03%, S is not more than 0.003%, N is not more than 0.005%, and O is not more than 0.0030%.
In the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the P element, the S element, the N element and the O element are all impurity elements in the non-oriented electrical steel plate, and the content of the impurity elements in the steel is reduced as far as possible in order to obtain the steel with better performance and better quality under the condition of technical conditions.
P: in the invention, P is a grain boundary segregation element, and if the content of the impurity element P in steel exceeds 0.03% for a component system with Si more than or equal to 3.0%, brittleness of the electrical steel sheet is increased and rolling is difficult. Therefore, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the mass percentage content of the P element is controlled as follows: p is less than or equal to 0.03 percent. Of course, in some preferred embodiments, it may be further controlled to: p is less than or equal to 0.02 percent.
S: in the present invention, S is a magnetic harmful element which is combined with Mn to generate fine MnS, thereby impeding grain growth at the time of finished product annealing and deteriorating magnetic properties of the steel sheet. Therefore, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the mass percentage content of the S element is controlled as follows: s is less than or equal to 0.003 percent.
N: in the invention, N is a magnetic harmful element, which can form fine nitrides with Al, ti, nb, V and other elements to prevent grains from growing. Therefore, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the mass percentage content of N element is controlled as follows: n is less than or equal to 0.005 percent. Of course, in some preferred embodiments, N.ltoreq.0.0035% may be further controlled.
O: in the invention, O is a harmful element, and for a component system with Si more than or equal to 3.0%, the cold processing performance of the material is very sensitive to the segregation of grain boundary oxygen, and meanwhile, the formed oxides such as silicon, aluminum, manganese and the like also can degrade the magnetism of the material. Therefore, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the mass percentage of the O element is controlled as follows: o is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent.
Further, in the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to the present invention, among unavoidable impurities, P is not more than 0.02% and N is not more than 0.0035%.
Further, in the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to the present invention, it further contains B:0.0005% -0.010%.
In the above technical scheme of the invention, in order to further optimize the performance of the designed non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, a proper amount of B element can be preferably added into the steel.
B: in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, B is a grain boundary strengthening element, and can strengthen the grain boundary binding capacity of a high-silicon component system, so that the cold rolling processability of the material is improved. However, it should be noted that an appropriate amount of B needs to be added to the steel, and when the B element is excessively added, it refines the grain structure and is unfavorable for the magnetic properties, so the content is not preferably more than 0.010%; when the B element content in the steel is less than 0.0005%, the grain boundary strengthening effect is not achieved. Therefore, in the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to the present invention, it is also preferable to control the addition of 0.0005% to 0.010% of B element.
Further, in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, at least one of Co, ni, sn, sb, cu, cr is also contained, and the total mass percentage of the elements is controlled to be 0.020-4.0%.
In the above technical scheme of the present invention, the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor may be further preferably added with Co, ni, sn, sb, cu, cr element.
Sn and Sb are grain boundary segregation elements, so that on one hand, trace oxygen in the normalizing annealing process of the hot rolled plate can be prevented from diffusing along the grain boundary, oxidation and plastic degradation in the steel plate are prevented, and on the other hand, the magnetic favorable textures such as {100} plane texture, goss texture and the like in the annealing process of the finished plate can be improved. And Co, ni, cu, cr and other elements can play a solid solution strengthening role, and meanwhile, the resistivity of the material can be increased, and the iron loss performance of the steel can be improved.
For this reason, in order to exert the above-described advantageous effects, in the present invention, it is preferable to control at least one of the additions Co, ni, sn, sb, cu, cr and to control the total mass percentage of these elements to be 0.020% or more. On the other hand, when the total mass percentage of these elements exceeds 4%, the improvement effect they exert tends to be saturated, and the manufacturing cost increases, so that the upper limit of the total mass percentage of these elements is not preferably more than 4%.
Further, in the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to the present invention, the thickness is 0.1 to 0.3mm.
In the above technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel for the driving motor of the finished electric vehicle can be preferably controlled to be between 0.10 and 0.30mm, because: the eddy current loss in high-frequency iron loss can be effectively reduced through thickness reduction, so that the thickness of a steel plate finished product is preferably below 0.30 mm; in addition, in view of manufacturing efficiency of the driving motor, when the steel plate is too thin, the manufacturing efficiency is lowered, and thus, the thickness of the steel plate finished product is controlled to be 0.10mm or more.
Further, in the present inventionIn the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the yield strength is more than or equal to 440MPa, and the iron loss P is equal to or greater than 440MPa 10/600 ≤30W/kg。
Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method for manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor, which is simple and feasible, by which a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent mechanical properties, electromagnetic properties can be obtained.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing a casting blank;
(2) And (3) hot rolling: controlling the thickness of the hot rolled plate to be 1.5-2.2 mm;
(3) And (3) normalizing annealing: the normalizing annealing temperature is controlled to be 820-950 ℃;
(4) Cold rolling;
(5) Continuous annealing is carried out in a continuous annealing furnace;
(6) An insulating coating.
In the invention, the inventor optimizes the chemical composition design of steel, and defines a reasonable manufacturing process, and after the continuous casting blank is manufactured according to the designed chemical composition, the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor with excellent comprehensive performance, which is designed by the invention, can be effectively manufactured by sequentially carrying out the process steps of hot rolling, normalizing annealing, cold rolling (for example, primary cold rolling or secondary cold rolling containing intermediate annealing), final continuous annealing and insulating coating, and has the characteristics of high strength, high frequency, low iron loss, high magnetic induction and small magnetic anisotropy.
In the hot rolling process of the above step (2) of the present invention, it is necessary to control the thickness of the hot rolled steel coil to be 1.5mm to 2.2mm to obtain a thin gauge hot rolled sheet. This is because: by reducing the thickness of the hot rolled sheet, the cold rolling reduction is reduced, the texture component of the cold rolled sheet can be improved, and the texture strength of the gamma fiber with unfavorable textures is reduced. However, it should be noted that the hot rolled plate cannot be too thin, otherwise, the difficulty of production is increased, the plate shape is poor, and the same plate difference is not easy to control, so that the thickness of the hot rolled steel coil is required to be controlled to be more than 1.5 mm.
Accordingly, in the normalizing annealing process of the above step (3) of the present invention, the hot rolled steel coil may be transferred to a horizontal continuous annealing furnace for normalizing annealing treatment, and the normalizing annealing temperature may be strictly controlled to be between 820 ℃ and 950 ℃. The magnetic induction intensity of the finished product can be improved through normalizing treatment, but the temperature cannot be too low, otherwise, the magnetic induction intensity cannot achieve the improvement effect, so that the normalizing annealing temperature is controlled to be above 820 ℃; in addition, from the viewpoint of workability, for a high silicon component system, particularly for a normalized sheet having Si+Al content exceeding 4.5%, the grain size of the steel sheet is excessively large, the strip is easily broken at the time of cold rolling, and it is difficult to produce, so that the normalizing annealing temperature is specifically controlled to not exceed 950 ℃ and the holding time can be preferably controlled to not exceed 3min in the present invention.
Further, in the manufacturing method according to the present invention, in the step (3), the strip steel unit tension F in the annealing furnace is controlled to satisfy the relation: f is more than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to (3.8+0.3d)/([ Si)] 2 X T), wherein d is the thickness of the hot rolled sheet, the unit parameter thereof is mm, T is the normalizing annealing temperature, and the unit parameter thereof is [ Si ]]The unit parameter of the silicon element in the hot rolled coil is N/mm 2 。
In the technical scheme of the invention, by controlling small tension in the annealing furnace, each oriented grain of the strip steel in the annealing process can be promoted to be uniformly recrystallized, nucleated and grown so as to improve the magnetic performance in other directions and reduce the magnetic anisotropy, thereby obtaining high magnetic induction intensity B 50M 。
In the present invention, the set range of the unit tension F value of the strip steel in the annealing furnace is related to the silicon content [ Si ] of the steel material, the normalizing annealing temperature T and the thickness d of the hot rolled plate. Wherein, the higher the Si element content [ Si ] in the steel, the higher the normalizing annealing temperature T and the thinner the thickness d of the hot rolled plate, the lower the upper limit value of the unit tension F value of the strip steel in the annealing furnace is, because: the higher the Si element content [ Si ] in the steel, especially when the Si element content exceeds 3.5%, the brittle fracture risk of the strip steel is obviously increased; on the other hand, the higher the normalizing temperature T, the thinner the hot rolled sheet thickness d, and the higher Wen Duanyi the steel is deformed.
However, it should be noted that in the technical scheme designed by the invention, the unit tension F value of the strip steel in the annealing furnace cannot be too low, otherwise, the strip steel can be deviated and scratched, so that in the invention, the unit tension F value of the strip steel in the annealing furnace is specifically controlled to be 1.5N/mm 2 The above.
Compared with the prior art, the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor and the manufacturing method thereof have the following advantages and beneficial effects:
in the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor, the inventor optimally designs the chemical element component proportion and the related manufacturing process, and the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor produced by adopting the manufacturing method has the characteristics of high strength, high frequency, low iron loss, high magnetic induction strength and small magnetic anisotropy.
In the invention, the yield strength of the designed non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor is more than or equal to 440MPa, and the iron loss P is equal to or greater than 10/600 Less than or equal to 30W/kg and magnetic induction intensity B 50M 1.60T or more. The non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor can be used for effectively preparing the driving motor of a new energy vehicle, can effectively meet the requirements of the market on high rotating speed, miniaturization, high torque and the like of the electric vehicle driving motor, and has good popularization prospect and application value.
Detailed Description
The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to specific examples, but the explanation and illustration do not unduly limit the technical scheme of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 6
Table 1 shows the mass percentages of the chemical elements of the non-oriented electrical steels for electric vehicle drive motors of examples 1 to 10 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 6.
Table 1 (wt.%), the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities other than P, S, O, N
The non-oriented electrical steels for electric vehicle drive motors of examples 1 to 10 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 6 were prepared by the following steps:
(1) Casting billets were prepared according to the chemical composition ratios shown in table 1.
(2) And (3) hot rolling: and hot rolling the obtained casting blank, and obtaining a hot rolled plate coil with the thickness of 1.5-2.2 mm after hot rolling.
(3) And (3) normalizing annealing: inputting the obtained hot rolled coil into a horizontal continuous annealing furnace for normalizing annealing treatment, controlling the normalizing annealing temperature to be 820-950 ℃, controlling the normalizing annealing heat preservation time to be 90s, and controlling the unit tension F of strip steel in the annealing furnace to meet the relation: f is more than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to (3.8+0.3d)/([ Si)] 2 X T), wherein d is the thickness of the hot rolled coil, the unit parameter thereof is mm, T is the normalizing annealing temperature, and the unit parameter thereof is [ Si ]]The unit parameter of the silicon element in the hot rolled coil is N/mm 2 。
(4) Cold rolling: the thickness is rolled into the target thickness through primary cold rolling, or the thickness is rolled into the target thickness through primary cold rolling, intermediate annealing and secondary cold rolling.
(5) Continuous annealing is performed in a continuous annealing furnace.
(6) An insulating coating.
In the invention, the chemical components and the related technological parameters of the non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor in the embodiments 1 to 10 all meet the control requirements of the design specification of the invention; in comparative examples 1 to 6, the comparative steels of comparative examples 1 to 6 were also prepared by the above-mentioned process steps, but the chemical element components and/or the related process parameters thereof had parameters which did not meet the design of the present invention.
Table 2 shows specific process parameters and final finished product thicknesses of the non-oriented electrical steels for electric vehicle drive motors of examples 1 to 10 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 6 in the above manufacturing process flows.
Table 2.
The finally produced non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor of the final product examples 1 to 10 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 6 were sampled, respectively, and mechanical properties, magnetic induction and iron loss were tested for the steel sheet samples of examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 6 to measure the iron loss P 10/600 Magnetic induction intensity B 50M And yield strength, the test results obtained are listed in table 3 below.
The relevant performance test means are as follows:
tensile test: based on national standard GB/T228.1-2010 section 1 of tensile test of metallic Material: room temperature test method the mechanical properties of the steel sheets of each example and comparative example were examined to test the yield strengths of the steel sheets of each example and comparative example obtained.
Magnetic induction performance test: method for measuring magnetic performance of electrical steel sheet (strip) by using Epstein square ring based on national standard GB/T3655-2008, and magnetic induction performance test is carried out by adopting a square ring method to test and obtain magnetic induction intensity B of rolling direction of steel sheets of each example and comparative example when magnetized under magnetic field of 5000A/m 50L Magnetic induction B perpendicular to the rolling direction when magnetized at a magnetic field of 5000A/m 50C And a minimum value B of magnetic induction intensity at different angles from the rolling direction when magnetized in a magnetic field of 5000A/m 50X 。
Meanwhile, based on the obtained B 50L 、B 50C And B 50X From formula B 50M ＝(B 50L +B 50C +2B 50X ) 4, calculatingObtaining the magnetic induction B of the steel sheet samples of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-6 50M 。
Iron loss performance test: iron loss performance test was conducted by a square-turn method based on the standard GB/T10129-2019 method for measuring intermediate frequency magnetic properties of electrical steel strips (sheets), thereby measuring iron loss P of the steel sheet samples of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-6 at a magnetic flux density of 1.0T and a frequency of 600Hz 10/600 。
Table 3 shows the test results of the non-oriented electrical steels for electric vehicle drive motors of examples 1 to 10 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 6.
Table 3.
As can be seen from the above table 1, table 2 and table 3, in the present invention, the non-oriented electrical steels for electric vehicle driving motors of examples 1 to 4 were used in a one-pass cold rolling process, and the processes of controlling chemical composition, thickness of hot rolled plate, normalizing annealing temperature, and in-furnace tension were all within the design range of the present invention, and finally, the non-oriented silicon steels with low high frequency iron loss, excellent magnetic anisotropy, and high yield strength could be obtained.
The chemical composition design and process of the non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor of examples 5 to 10 also satisfy the requirements of the present invention, unlike examples 1 to 4, in examples 5 to 10, the properties of the final steel sheet can be further improved by further micro-alloying and secondary cold rolling processes.
As shown in Table 3, in the present invention, the yield strength of the non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor of examples 1 to 10 was 448 to 565MPa, and the magnetic induction strength B thereof 50M Between 1.632 and 1.662T, core loss P 10/600 The combination property of the steel plate is between 17.5W/kg and 28.5W/kg, which is obviously superior to that of the comparative steel plates of comparative examples 1-6. The comparative examples 1 to 6 did not satisfy the conditions defined in the present technical scheme, and therefore, the implementation effect was inferior to that of the present case.
Five comparative examples prepared according to the present invention can be further analyzed and described in conjunction with the data set forth in tables 1, 2 and 3 above.
In comparative examples 1-3, the chemical composition used in the steel, although within the designed range of the present invention, was either lower in the normalizing annealing temperature used during the production (comparative example 1), or higher in the furnace tension F (comparative examples 2 and 3), resulting in the final finished product magnetic induction B 50M Poor.
In comparative examples 4 to 6, however, the production process adopted satisfies the design requirements of the present invention, but the chemical composition of the steel has parameters which do not satisfy the design requirements of the present invention, and the low Si content or Al content in the steel results in a high-frequency iron loss of the finally produced steel sheet, and the yield strength is lower than 440MPa.
It should be noted that the prior art part in the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth in the present application, and all prior art that does not contradict the scheme of the present invention, including but not limited to the prior patent document, the prior publication, the prior disclosure, the use, etc., can be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the combination of the features described in the present application is not limited to the combination described in the claims or the combination described in the embodiments, and all the features described in the present application may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradiction occurs between them.
It should also be noted that the above-recited embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, and it is intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. The non-oriented electrical steel for the electric vehicle driving motor contains Fe and unavoidable impurities, and is characterized by also containing the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
C≤0.003％，Si：3.0-4.5％，Al：0.15-2.5％，Mn：0.15-2.5％；
magnetic induction intensity B of non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor 50M 1.60T or more, wherein B 50M ＝(B 50L +B 50C +2B 50X ) 4, wherein B 50L The magnetic induction intensity of the rolling direction when magnetized under a magnetic field of 5000A/m; b (B) 50C Is the magnetic induction intensity perpendicular to the rolling direction when magnetized under a magnetic field of 5000A/m; b (B) 50X The magnetic induction intensity is the minimum value when magnetizing under the magnetic field of 5000A/m and at different angles with the rolling direction.
2. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentages of the chemical elements are:
c is less than or equal to 0.003%, si:3.0-4.5%, al:0.15-2.5%, mn:0.15-2.5%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein C is 0.002% or less.
4. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein among the unavoidable impurities, P is 0.03% or less, S is 0.003% or less, N is 0.005% or less, and O is 0.0030% or less.
5. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to claim 4, wherein among unavoidable impurities, P is 0.02% or less and N is 0.0035% or less.
6. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising B:0.0005% -0.010%.
7. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle driving motor according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising at least one of Co, ni, sn, sb, cu, cr, and wherein the total mass percentage of these elements is controlled to be 0.020 to 4.0%.
8. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness thereof is 0.1 to 0.3mm.
9. The non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a yield strength of 440MPa or more and an iron loss P 10/600 ≤30W/kg。
10. A method of manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel for an electric vehicle drive motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing a casting blank;
(2) And (3) hot rolling: controlling the thickness of the hot rolled plate to be 1.5-2.2 mm;
(3) And (3) normalizing annealing: the normalizing annealing temperature is controlled to be 820-950 ℃;
(4) Cold rolling;
(5) Continuous annealing is carried out in a continuous annealing furnace;
(6) An insulating coating.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein in the step (3), the normalizing annealing is performed by using a horizontal continuous annealing furnace.
12. The method of manufacturing according to claim 10, wherein in the step (3), the unit tension F of the strip steel in the horizontal continuous annealing furnace is controlled to satisfy the relation: f is more than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to (3.8+0.3d)/([ Si)] 2 X T), wherein d is the thickness of the hot rolled sheet, the unit parameter thereof is mm, T is the normalizing annealing temperature, the unit parameter thereof is DEG C, and the unit parameter of F is N/mm 2 。
CN202210977542.9A 2022-08-15 2022-08-15 Non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN117626111A (en)

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