CN117620646A

CN117620646A - Diesel engine crankshaft press-fitting tool

Info

Publication number: CN117620646A
Application number: CN202410111119.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘耀伟; 余磊; 云应武
Original assignee: Jiangsu Lianxing Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Lianxing Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-01-26
Filing date: 2024-01-26
Publication date: 2024-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2044-01-26
Also published as: CN117620646B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crank press fitting, in particular to a diesel engine crank press fitting tool, which comprises a press head, wherein a main journal to be pressed down is arranged at the bottom end of the press head, a crank to be inserted is arranged at the bottom end of the main journal, a limiting platform for horizontal positioning is supported below the crank, and an auxiliary mechanism is fixed above the limiting platform.

Description

Diesel engine crankshaft press-fitting tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft press-fitting, in particular to a diesel engine crankshaft press-fitting tool.

Background

When the crank shaft of the diesel engine is produced and assembled, the procedure that the main journal is inserted into the circular groove of the crank is involved, the main journal is covered and pressed by a pressing mechanism controlled by a machine tool oil cylinder, the main journal descends and is rigidly inserted into the circular groove on the crank, but the crank is placed in a horizontal limiting mould on a platform, namely, the mould is adjusted and fixed on the platform in advance, the mould comprises a plurality of positioning units, the positioning units can be placed and fixed in advance according to the shape of the crank, after the positioning units are fixed, the crank is directly placed among the positioning units, after the crank is placed, the crank cannot move in the horizontal direction, then the bottom end of the main journal is aligned with the circular groove on the crank, then the main journal is pressed by the pressing mechanism, the main journal can descend and is inserted into the crank, the pressing tool can meet the assembly of the crank and the main journal with different shapes, however, the accuracy cannot be ensured because the position calibration in the whole process is manually operated, a worker puts down the main journal after aligning the bottom end of the main journal with the crank circular groove, and the situation that the bottom end of the main journal cylinder is not just right opposite to the crank circular groove possibly exists, if an auxiliary mechanism is arranged in the press mounting tool, specifically, a plurality of annular pushing units are used for centripetally gathering and pushing the main journal, so that the main journal moves to the upper part of the crank circular groove, the process replaces manual carefully placing of the main journal, the pushing units can be independently adjusted, each pushing unit can independently and automatically control the pushing distance when all the pushing units centripetally gathering and pushing the main journal, the aim is to enable the point position where the main journal is finally positioned to be just aligned with the circular groove on the crank, and how the function of the pushing units is realized based on the function research and development concept of the auxiliary pushing units, the invention provides a diesel engine crankshaft press-fitting tool.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a diesel engine crankshaft press-fitting tool for solving the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a diesel engine crank axle pressure equipment frock, includes the pressure head, the bottom of pressure head is provided with the main journal that waits to push down, and the bottom of main journal is provided with the crank by pegging graft, the crank below supports there is the spacing platform that is used for horizontal location, spacing platform top is fixed with assist mechanism, assist mechanism includes pushing unit, first outer ring gear, spacing ring plate and second outer ring gear, support fixed spacing ring plate through setting up the riser on the spacing platform, the main journal distributes at spacing ring plate middle part, and the top ring of spacing ring plate is equipped with first outer ring gear, and spacing ring plate outer ring is equipped with the second outer ring gear, and the spacing ring plate goes up the top of ring and is equipped with the spacing ring plate of a plurality of penetrations and pushes away the unit transmission and be connected, and first outer ring gear and second outer ring gear are all with pushing unit one end and main journal lateral wall contact for recording offset distance and self-adjusting length.

Preferably, the pushing unit comprises a main sliding column, an external moving component, an integrated piece, an auxiliary moving component and a head column, wherein the main sliding column slides through a square hole formed in a limiting ring plate, one end of the main sliding column is in transmission connection with the external moving component, a second external gear ring drives all the external moving components to synchronously drive, the other end of the main sliding column is connected with the integrated piece, one side of the integrated piece is in transmission connection with the auxiliary moving component, the first external gear ring drives all the auxiliary moving components to synchronously rotate, one end of the integrated piece, far away from the main sliding column, is connected with the head column, and the head column is in contact with a main shaft neck.

Preferably, the external moving assembly comprises a P-shaped plate, an external column gear and an external shaft, one end of the external column gear is in meshed transmission connection with a second external gear ring, one row of teeth arranged at the other end of the external column gear and the end part of a main sliding column are in meshed transmission connection, the external shaft is fixed at the end part of the external column gear, the P-shaped plate supports the external shaft, one end of the P-shaped plate is fixed on a limiting ring plate, the auxiliary moving assembly comprises a long shaft gear, a T block and a small vertical shaft, the T block is fixed on the limiting ring plate, the T block supports the long shaft gear, the small vertical shaft and the first external gear ring, one end of the small vertical shaft is in meshed connection with the first external gear ring through a fixed gear, and the other end of the small vertical shaft is in meshed connection with a bevel gear fixed at one end of the long shaft gear.

Preferably, the integrated piece includes worm, afterbody direction post, integrated part, anchor body, waist post, spring portion and gas utensil, the one end side sliding contact of waist post has the head post, and the opposite side of waist post distributes there is the gas utensil, and gas utensil screens head post, and the other end of waist post is fixed with afterbody direction post, and afterbody direction post slides and passes the lug through-hole fixed on the main slide post, and waist post supports integrated part and anchor body, and head post one end is connected with spring portion, and the transmission is connected with the anchor body between spring portion and the integrated part, and integrated part one end is connected with the worm, and the fixed row of tooth meshing on worm and the main slide post is connected.

Preferably, the gas utensil includes trachea, air column, pressure folded plate, fixture block and pressure shell fragment, the square hole of seting up on the fixture block slip through the waist post, fixture block one end is V type pointed end, and the V type pointed end of fixture block inserts in the V groove of seting up on the head post, the inclined plane groove is seted up to the fixture block other end, pressure folded plate one end inserts in the inclined plane groove of fixture block, the pressure folded plate other end is fixed with the air column, air column one end inserts in the trachea, the trachea is fixed in one side of waist post, pressure shell fragment one end is fixed on the waist post, the elastic support fixture block of pressure shell fragment other end.

Preferably, the spring portion includes pressure spring, head direction post and reciprocal piece, in the lug through-hole that sets up on the head direction post was passed in the slip of head direction post, head direction post one end was fixed with reciprocal piece, and head direction post other end is fixed on the head post, and the cover has the pressure spring on the head direction post, and the pressure spring supports between head post and waist post, the anchor body includes straight board, the fixed arc rack of straight board one end and the fixed gear of straight board other end, and the gear of anchor body is articulated with the V type flange that is fixed on the waist post, and the gear on the anchor body is connected with the fixed short tooth meshing transmission on the reciprocal piece.

Preferably, the integrated part comprises a short support shaft, a pressure frame body, a memory device, an L-shaped position plate, a long support shaft and a clamp, wherein one end of the L-shaped position plate is fixed on a waist column, the L-shaped position plate supports the long support shaft and the short support shaft, one end of the short support shaft is in meshed connection with a bevel gear fixed at one end of the long support shaft through a fixed bevel gear, the other end of the short support shaft is in transmission connection with the memory device through a fixed gear, the other end of the long support shaft is in fixed connection with a worm, the clamp is used for clamping the long support shaft, one end of the pressure frame body is in meshed transmission connection with an arc-shaped rack fixed on a straight rack and an anchor body, and the other end of the pressure frame body is in transmission connection with the memory device.

Preferably, the fixture includes card gear, shell fragment, cardboard and the location piece that resets, major axis gear and card gear meshing are connected, support card gear through fixed concave folding rod on the location piece, and location piece one end is fixed on the waist post, and the square hole of seting up of the cardboard slip through the location piece other end, cardboard one end insert in the plate hole of seting up on the long support axle, the cardboard other end sets up a row of tooth, and card gear and cardboard meshing transmission are connected, and shell fragment one end that resets is fixed on the cardboard, and the other end is fixed on the location piece.

Preferably, the memory device includes one-way subassembly, half pole, concave long board, second spring, first stock, concave roof, Z shaped board and L type external connection board of folding, the both ends of concave roof all are fixed with L type external connection board, the one end of L type external connection board is fixed on the waist post, one side sliding contact of concave roof has concave long board of folding, and be fixed with two symmetrical distribution's half poles in the concave roof of folding, half pole slip passes in the lug through-hole that sets up on the concave long board of folding, the pressure support body is through fixed square tube slip cover on concave roof of folding, set up a row of tooth on the concave long board lateral wall of folding, and the fixed gear of short fulcrum tip and concave long board meshing transmission are connected, concave long inboard is fixed with first stock, the cover has two second springs on the first stock, be provided with two symmetrical distribution's Z shaped boards between two second springs, first stock slip passes the through-hole of seting up on the Z shaped board, Z one row of unidirectional tooth is set up to one-way subassembly one-way card position, two Z shaped boards of one-way support is folded to the second spring support between two Z shaped boards and two waist support body, two waist support body ends are separated.

Preferably, the one-way subassembly includes tip shell fragment, one-way cardboard and diaphragm, the both ends of diaphragm all are fixed with one-way cardboard, and one-way cardboard one end sets up one row of one-way tooth, and every one-way cardboard corresponds one Z template of one-way screens, and one-way cardboard slides the plate hole of seting up on passing L type external connection board, and tip shell fragment one end is fixed on L type external connection board, and the other end is fixed on one-way cardboard.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. when the main journal and the crank are assembled for the first time, if the main journal is inserted into the crank for the first time, the main journal translates in a short distance, then the translation is memorized by the pushing unit, after the main journal and the crank are assembled, the pushing unit is reset away from the main journal, the mechanical memory is released before the reset of the pushing unit is finished, namely, the transmission control is completed in the pushing unit, the whole length of the pushing unit is changed, so that the main journal and the crank are assembled, the main journal is assembled and pushed by the adjusted pushing unit, and the main journal is accurately pushed to the position above the pushing unit, so that the problem of main journal deflection can not occur.

2. According to the invention, the distance and the reverse direction of the deflection of the main journal are memorized through the design of the pushing unit, the internal force is accumulated in the pushing unit, and when the pushing unit is reset, the internal pressure is released before the reset is finished, so that the whole length of the pushing unit is automatically changed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the auxiliary mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of crank position.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the pushing unit.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the external moving assembly.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an integrated component structure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the spring portion structure.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an integrated part structure.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure at B in fig. 4.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a memory device.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the card position.

In the figure: the device comprises a pressing head 1, a main journal 2, a crank 3, a limiting platform 4, an auxiliary mechanism 5, a pushing unit 6, a first outer gear ring 7, a limiting ring plate 8, a second outer gear ring 9, a main sliding column 10, an outer moving assembly 11, an integrated piece 12, an auxiliary moving assembly 13, a head column 14, a P-shaped plate 15, an outer column gear 16, an outer shaft 17, a long shaft gear 18, a T-shaped block 19, a small vertical shaft 20, a worm 21, a tail direction column 22, an integrated part 23, an anchor body 24, a waist column 25, a spring part 26, an air tool 27, an air pipe 28, an air column 29, a pressure folded plate 30, a clamping block 31, a pressure shrapnel 32, a pressure spring 33, a head direction column 34, a reciprocating block 35, a short supporting shaft 36, a pressure frame 37, a memory device 38, an L-shaped position plate 39, a long supporting shaft 40, a clamping device 41, a clamping gear 42, a reset 43, a clamping plate 44, a fixed position block 45, a unidirectional assembly 46, a half rod 47, a concave folded long plate 48, a second spring 49, a first long rod 50, a concave top plate 51, a Z-shaped plate 52, an L-shaped external plate 53, an end folded plate 54, a unidirectional shrapnel 55 and a lateral shrapnel 56.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a diesel engine crank axle pressure equipment frock, including pressure head 1, the bottom of pressure head 1 is provided with the main journal 2 that waits to push down, the bottom of main journal 2 is provided with the crank 3 by pegging graft, the spacing platform 4 that is used for horizontal location is supported to the crank 3 below, spacing platform 4 top is fixed with assist mechanism 5, assist mechanism 5 includes pushing element 6, first outer ring gear 7, spacing ring plate 8 and second outer ring gear 9, support fixed spacing ring plate 8 through setting up the riser on spacing platform 4, main journal 2 distributes at spacing ring plate 8 middle part, the top ring of spacing ring plate 8 is equipped with first outer ring gear 7, spacing ring plate 8 outer ring is equipped with second outer ring gear 9, the spacing ring plate 8 is gone up to encircle and is equipped with the pushing element 6 of a plurality of spacing self-regulating boards 8 that run through, and first outer ring gear 7 and second outer ring gear 9 all are connected with pushing element 6 transmission, be used for recording offset distance and the contact of the pushing element 6 one end and the main journal 2 lateral wall.

The pushing unit 6 comprises a main sliding column 10, an outer moving component 11, an integrated piece 12, an auxiliary moving component 13 and a head column 14, wherein the main sliding column 10 slides through a square hole formed in a limiting ring plate 8, one end of the main sliding column 10 is in transmission connection with the outer moving component 11, a second outer gear ring 9 drives all the outer moving components 11 to synchronously transmit, the other end of the main sliding column 10 is connected with the integrated piece 12, one side of the integrated piece 12 is in transmission connection with the auxiliary moving component 13, a first outer gear ring 7 drives all the auxiliary moving components 13 to synchronously rotate, one end of the integrated piece 12, far away from the main sliding column 10, is connected with the head column 14, and the head column 14 is in contact with a main shaft neck 2.

The outer moving assembly 11 comprises a P-shaped plate 15, an outer column gear 16 and an outer shaft 17, one end of the outer column gear 16 is in meshed transmission connection with the second outer gear ring 9, the other end of the outer column gear 16 is in meshed transmission connection with a row of teeth arranged at the end part of the main sliding column 10, the outer shaft 17 is fixed at the end part of the outer column gear 16, the P-shaped plate 15 supports the outer shaft 17, one end of the P-shaped plate 15 is fixed on the limiting ring plate 8, the auxiliary moving assembly 13 comprises a long shaft gear 18, a T block 19 and a small vertical shaft 20, the T block 19 is fixed on the limiting ring plate 8, the T block 19 supports the long shaft gear 18, the small vertical shaft 20 and the first outer gear ring 7, one end of the small vertical shaft 20 is in meshed transmission connection with the first outer gear ring 7 through a fixed bevel gear, the long shaft gear 18 is in meshed transmission connection with an integrated piece 12 through a fixed bevel gear, the long shaft gear 18 can support the limiting ring gear 9 through a prior art means, a plurality of uniformly annularly arranged T blocks 19 support the first outer gear ring 7, the first outer gear ring gear 7 can rotate in place, the second outer ring gear 9 and the second outer ring gear 7 and the second outer ring gear 9 rotate synchronously and the second outer ring gear 7 rotate synchronously and drive all the outer gear ring gear assembly 10 to rotate synchronously.

The integrated part 12 comprises a worm 21, a tail direction column 22, an integrated part 23, an anchor body 24, a waist column 25, a spring part 26 and an air tool 27, wherein one end side surface of the waist column 25 is in sliding contact with a head column 14, the other side of the waist column 25 is provided with the air tool 27, the air tool 27 is used for clamping the head column 14, the other end of the waist column 25 is fixedly provided with the tail direction column 22, the tail direction column 22 slides through a bump through hole fixed on the main sliding column 10, the waist column 25 supports the integrated part 23 and the anchor body 24, one end of the head column 14 is connected with the spring part 26, the anchor body 24 is in transmission connection between the spring part 26 and the integrated part 23, one end of the integrated part 23 is connected with the worm 21, the worm 21 and a row of teeth fixed on the main sliding column 10 are in meshing connection, synchronous movement is realized between the main sliding column 10 and the waist column 25 through the worm 21, the worm 21 can cause the waist column 25 and the main sliding column 10 to approach or separate from each other, the overall length of the main slide column 10, the waist column 25 and the head column 14 is changed, the rotation number of the worm 21 is determined according to the displacement of the head column 14, namely, after a plurality of annular pushing units 6 prop up the main journal 2, the main journal 2 is pushed down by the pressure head 1, the main journal 2 is normally inserted into a hole on the crank 3, if the main journal 2 and the hole on the crank 3 are not aligned, the main journal 2 is slightly translated during the inserting process, the bottom edge of the main journal 2 and the hole edge on the crank 3 are chamfer or round angles, the head column 14 is reversely propped up during the small-distance translation of the main journal 2, the moving direction of the head column 14 is the reason for leading to the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the worm 21, but the movement of the head column 14 and the rotation of the worm 21 are not completed simultaneously, but are sequentially carried out, the power collection and transfer release are completed through the integration part 23, and the power collection and the transfer release are separately controlled, and when the main journal 2 and the crank 3 are assembled, power is collected, and when the pushing unit 6 is reset quickly, the pressure is released.

The air tool 27 comprises an air pipe 28, an air column 29, a pressure folded plate 30, a clamping block 31 and a pressure elastic sheet 32, wherein the clamping block 31 slides through a square hole formed in the waist column 25, one end of the clamping block 31 is a V-shaped tip, the V-shaped tip of the clamping block 31 is inserted into a V-shaped groove formed in the head column 14, the other end of the clamping block 31 is provided with an inclined groove, one end of the pressure folded plate 30 is inserted into the inclined groove of the clamping block 31, the other end of the pressure folded plate 30 is fixedly provided with the air column 29, one end of the air column 29 is inserted into the air pipe 28, the air pipe 28 is fixedly arranged on one side of the waist column 25, one end of the pressure elastic sheet 32 is fixedly arranged on the waist column 25, the other end of the pressure elastic sheet 32 elastically supports the clamping block 31, and with reference to fig. 7, so that the clamping block 31 is elastically inserted into the head column 14 without the action of external force, and thus the head column 14 and the waist column 25 can move synchronously, and one end of the air pipe 28 is externally connected with an air supply mechanism in the prior art through a hose, if air is injected into the air pipe 28, the air column 29 moves to drive the pressure folded plate 30, and the pressure folded plate 30 is propped against the clamping block 31, so that the tip of the clamping block 31 is pulled out of the head column 14, and can move relatively to the waist column 25.

The spring part 26 comprises a pressure spring 33, a head direction column 34 and a reciprocating block 35, the head direction column 34 slides through a bump through hole formed in the waist column 25, the reciprocating block 35 is fixed at one end of the head direction column 34, the other end of the head direction column 34 is fixed on the head column 14, the pressure spring 33 is sleeved on the head direction column 34, the pressure spring 33 is supported between the head column 14 and the waist column 25, the anchor body 24 comprises a straight plate, an arc-shaped rack fixed at one end of the straight plate and a gear fixed at the other end of the straight plate, the gear of the anchor body 24 is hinged with a V-shaped convex plate fixed on the waist column 25, and the gear on the anchor body 24 is meshed with a short tooth fixed on the reciprocating block 35 for transmission.

The integrated part 23 comprises a short support shaft 36, a pressure frame body 37, a memory device 38, an L-shaped position plate 39, a long support shaft 40 and a clamp 41, wherein one end of the L-shaped position plate 39 is fixed on the waist column 25, the L-shaped position plate 39 supports the long support shaft 40 and the short support shaft 36, one end of the short support shaft 36 is meshed and connected with a bevel gear fixed at one end of the long support shaft 40 through a fixed bevel gear, the other end of the short support shaft 36 is in transmission connection with the memory device 38 through a fixed gear, the other end of the long support shaft 40 is fixedly connected with the worm 21, the clamp 41 clamps the long support shaft 40, one end of the pressure frame body 37 is meshed and connected with an arc-shaped rack of the anchor body 24 through a fixed straight rack, and the other end of the pressure frame body 37 is in transmission connection with the memory device 38.

The fixture 41 comprises a clamping gear 42, a reset spring piece 43, a clamping plate 44 and a retaining block 45, wherein the long shaft gear 18 is in meshed connection with the clamping gear 42, the retaining block 45 is used for supporting the clamping gear 42 through a fixed concave folding rod, one end of the retaining block 45 is fixed on the waist column 25, the clamping plate 44 slides through a square hole formed in the other end of the retaining block 45, one end of the clamping plate 44 is inserted into a plate hole formed in the long support shaft 40, a row of teeth are arranged at the other end of the clamping plate 44, the clamping gear 42 is in meshed transmission connection with the clamping plate 44, one end of the reset spring piece 43 is fixed on the clamping plate 44, the other end of the clamping plate is fixed on the retaining block 45, the long shaft gear 18 is parallel to the clamping gear 42, the main slide column 10 drives the waist column 25 to synchronously move through the worm 21, the clamping gear 42 is driven by the retaining block 45, but the meshed connection state of the long shaft gear 18 and the clamping gear 42 is not affected, when the long shaft gear 18 rotates, the clamping plate 44 is driven to move out of the long support shaft 40, and the long support shaft 40 can rotate after the clamping plate 44 is driven to be pulled out.

The memory device 38 comprises a one-way component 46, a half rod 47, a concave folding long plate 48, a second spring 49, a first long rod 50, a concave folding top plate 51, a Z-shaped plate 52 and an L-shaped external plate 53, wherein the two ends of the concave folding top plate 51 are both fixedly provided with the L-shaped external plate 53, one end of the L-shaped external plate 53 is fixed on a waist post 25, one side of the concave folding top plate 51 is in sliding contact with the concave folding long plate 48, two symmetrically distributed half rods 47 are fixed in the concave folding top plate 51, the half rods 47 slide through bump through holes arranged on the concave folding long plate 48, the pressure frame 37 is sleeved on the concave folding top plate 51 through a fixed square cylinder, a row of teeth are arranged on the outer side wall of the concave folding long plate 48, a gear fixed at the end part of the short supporting shaft 36 is meshed with the concave folding long plate 48, the inner side of the concave folding long plate 48 is fixedly provided with the first long plate 50, the two second springs 49 are sleeved on the first long rod 50, two symmetrically distributed Z-shaped plates 52 are arranged between the two second springs 49, the first long rod 50 slide through the Z-shaped through holes 52, one-way teeth are arranged on one side of the Z-shaped plate 52, and the two one-way support components are separated by the two one-way support structures 46, and the two one-way support structures are arranged between the two one-way support structures are arranged on the Z-way structures 52, and the two one-way structures are separated by the two one-way structures.

The unidirectional assembly 46 comprises an end elastic sheet 54, a unidirectional clamping plate 55 and a transverse column 56, wherein the unidirectional clamping plate 55 is fixed at two ends of the transverse column 56, one end of the unidirectional clamping plate 55 is provided with a row of unidirectional teeth, each unidirectional clamping plate 55 corresponds to one Z-shaped plate 52 in a unidirectional clamping position, the unidirectional clamping plate 55 slides through a plate hole formed in the L-shaped outer connecting plate 53, one end of the end elastic sheet 54 is fixed on the L-shaped outer connecting plate 53, the other end of the end elastic sheet is fixed on the unidirectional clamping plate 55, referring to fig. 11, as the unidirectional clamping plate 55 is controlled by unidirectional clamping positions, for example, the pressure frame 37 moves rightwards relative to the concave folding top plate 51, the Z-shaped plate 52 on the right side is propped against the right side, the Z-shaped plate 52 on the left side is not moved, the second spring 49 on the right side is compressed, because the concave folding long plate 48 is controlled by the reaction of the end gear of the short support shaft 36, the short support shaft 36 is controlled by the long support shaft 40, the long support shaft 40 is clamped by the clamping plate 44, so the concave folding long plate 48 is static, but the compression amount of the two second springs 49 is different, the second springs 49 on the right side are compressed to be shorter, once the clamping plate 44 is not clamped with the long support shaft 40 any more, the concave folding long plate 48 can rapidly move rightward relative to the concave folding top plate 51, so the concave folding long plate 48 drives the short support shaft 36, and then drives the worm 21 through the long support shaft 40, the worm 21 rotates to drive the main slide column 10, the spatial position movement of the worm 21 is always synchronous with the lumbar column 25, and the rotation of the worm 21 causes the lumbar column 25 and the main slide column 10 to approach or separate from each other.

The invention aims to control the bottom end of a main journal 2 to be just aligned with a round groove on a crank 3, thus ensuring that the offset of the main journal 2 does not occur in the process of covering the main journal 2 by a pressure head 1, because the main journal 2 is rigidly inserted into the round groove of the crank 3, once the main journal 2 is not aligned, the offset can occur, the damage of a workpiece can be caused, the invention gathers and pushes the main journal 2 through a plurality of annular pushing units 6, when gathering and pushing is finished, the bottom end of the main journal 2 is positioned at the round groove opening on the crank 3, referring to fig. 2, all pushing units 6 are completely identical in shape, if the main journal 2 is just aligned with the round groove on the crank 3, the subsequent assembly work of all the main journal 2 and the crank 3 is identical with the assembly process of the first main journal 2 and the crank 3, and the auxiliary mechanism 5 is also initially fixedly connected when being integrally inserted on a limiting platform 4, the main journal 2 can be conveniently adjusted to have the relative small offset of the main journal 2, and the invention can not correct the main journal 2 when the main journal 2 is aligned with the round groove 3, and the main journal 2 can be adjusted to have relative small distance when the main journal 2 is in the main journal 3.

The principle of the pushing unit 6 for position calibration is as follows: after the first main journal 2 is placed on the crank 3, all pushing units 6 gather to push the main journal 2, the main journal 2 translates to the upper part of the circular groove of the crank 3, if the main journal 2 is not completely aligned, when the pressing head 1 covers the main journal 2, the bottom end of the main journal 2 translates and then is inserted into the crank 3, the translation process of the main journal 2 is mechanically memorized by the pushing units 6, when all the pushing units 6 are separated, the first outer gear ring 7 is controlled to rotate so as to release the mechanical memory of the pushing units 6, the inside of the pushing units 6 is driven, the whole length of the pushing units 6 is changed, referring to fig. 2, if the main journal 2 translates rightwards during the first assembly and then is inserted into the crank 3, the pushing units 6 on the right side are shortened, the pushing units 6 on the right side are slightly shortened, the pushing units 6 on the left side are deformed and elongated, the upper left and lower left sides are slightly elongated, when the pushing units 6 after deformation are assembled again and are centripetally gathered, the final stationary point position of the new main journal 2 is just aligned with the round slot of the new crank 3, the problem of translation of the main journal 2 can not occur, the main journal 2 is inserted into the crank 3 in the process of inserting the main journal 2 into the crank 3, the main journal 2 is inserted into the crank 3 rightwards after being cheaply, the assembly is taken out after the assembly is completed, the new crank 3 is placed and fixed, the new main journal 2 is placed on the crank 3, all pushing units 6 are centripetally gathered through the rotation of the second outer gear ring 9, the length of the pushing units 6 is changed due to internal transmission, and when the main journal 2 moves to the upper part of the new crank 3, the pushing unit 6 on the right side supports the new main journal 2 for a short moving distance, and conversely, the pushing unit 6 on the left side supports the long distance, so that the problem that the main journal 2 translates rightwards when the main journal 2 is inserted into the crank 3 for the first time is solved, the new main journal 2 does not need to be inserted into the crank 3 after translating rightwards, because the final point position of the new main journal 2 which is gathered and pushed by the pushing unit 6 is rightwards compared with the static point of the main journal 2 for the first time, namely, the main journal 2 is just above a circular groove of the crank 3, and all the main journals 2 are accurately positioned in the future.

Further detailed analysis is carried out, after the pushing unit 6 pushes the first main journal 2, the first main journal 2 and the crank 3 are assembled, the pushing unit 6 can carry out an internal calibration adjustment, thereby ensuring that the pushing unit 6 can accurately push the new main journal 2 in place when the next pushing unit 6 pushes the main journal 2, the integral deformation of the pushing unit 6 can be understood according to the relative positions of the main slide column 10, the head column 14 and the waist column 25, when the main journal 2 and the crank 3 are assembled for the first time, the pushing unit 6 gathers and pushes the main journal 2, the relative positions of the main slide column 10, the head column 14 and the waist column 25 are unchanged, the main journal 2 is pushed to the upper part of the circular groove of the crank 3, the air supply mechanism works, then the head 1 covers the main journal 2, the air supply mechanism supplies air to the air pipe 28, the clamping block 31 is separated from the head column 14, thus the pressure spring 33 is elastically supported between the head column 14 and the waist column 25, the head column 14 elastically props the side wall of the main journal 2, then the main journal 2 is inserted into the crank 3, the main journal 2 is deviated, the head column 14 moves relative to the waist column 25 due to the always propped main journal 2, the moving direction and distance are memorized, if one side wall of the main journal 2 props the head column 14, the head column 14 moves close to the waist column 25, and the pushing unit 6 in the other side wall direction of the main journal 2 moves away from the head column 14, that is, the moving direction of the head column 14 is two, the moving direction and distance of the head column 14 are memorized, and the head column 14, the head direction column 34 and the reciprocating block 35 can synchronously move left and right in view of transmission, so that the anchor body 24 can swing left and right, and then the anchor body 24 swings in any direction with reference to fig. 11, all will drive the pressure frame 37 to translate in the same direction, the translation of the pressure frame 37 will push a Z-shaped plate 52, thus causing a second spring 49 to be compressed, the translation of the pressure frame 37 will finally cause the worm 21 to rotate, thus changing the distance between the main slide column 10 and the waist column 25, but the middle needs the clamping plate 44 to be drawn out from the long support shaft 40, so that the mechanical memory transmission can occur, and a control mechanism is supplemented, after the main journal 2 is inserted into the crank 3, the air supply mechanism stops injecting air to the air pipe 28, so that the clamping block 31 resets the V-shaped groove of the top support head column 14, once the pushing unit 6 is integrally reset, the head column 14 will be kept in the state shown in fig. 7 with the waist column 25 again, and the anchor body 24 will be reset to the upright state when seen in transmission, although the pressure frame 37 will also be completed with the subsequent memory mechanical transmission, and will not be transmitted.

The position relation among the main sliding column 10, the head column 14 and the waist column 25 is summarized and analyzed by combining the information, if the main journal 2 is translated when being inserted into the crank 3, the main journal 2 is translated and pressed to the head column 14, so that the head column 14 can be propped against the waist column 25, the relative position between the main sliding column 10 and the waist column 25 is unchanged, when the main journal 2 and the crank 3 are assembled, the pushing unit 6 is reset, the main sliding column 10 is reversely moved and reset, the main sliding column 10 drives the waist column 25, the waist column 25 drives the head column 14 to synchronously move, then the first external gear ring 7 rotates to enable the clamp 41 not to clamp the long support shaft 40 any more, the mechanical memory is released to drive, the distance between the main sliding column 10 and the waist column 25 is changed, the distance between the distance is the same as the distance that the head column 14 is translated and reversely jacked by the main journal 2, the whole length of the adjusted pushing units 6 is shortened, the shortened distance is the distance of slight translation when the main journal 2 is inserted into the circular groove of the crank 3, the number of pushing units 6 annularly arranged on the limiting ring plate 8 is even, each two pushing units are opposite, one pushing unit 6 is integrally shortened, the opposite pushing units 6 are integrally lengthened, so that in the process of inserting the main journal 2 into the crank 3, if the main journal 2 slightly translates and can be memorized by the pushing units 6, after the main journal 2 is memorized, the pushing units 6 release mechanical memory in a resetting stage, so that the whole length of the pushing units 6 is automatically adjusted and changed, and after the pushing units 6 are adjusted, when all pushing units 6 gather and clamp the new main journal 2 next time, the new main journal 2 is precisely pushed to the position right above the circular groove of the crank 3.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a diesel engine crank axle pressure equipment frock, includes pressure head (1), the bottom of pressure head (1) is provided with main journal (2) of waiting to push down, and the bottom of main journal (2) is provided with crank (3) by pegging graft, crank (3) below supports has spacing platform (4) that are used for horizontal location, its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a device for automatically adjusting the offset distance of a main shaft neck, including spacing platform (4), assist mechanism (5) is fixed with above spacing platform (4), assist mechanism (5) are including pushing away unit (6), first outer ring gear (7), spacing ring plate (8) and second outer ring gear (9), support fixed spacing ring plate (8) through setting up the riser on spacing platform (4), main shaft neck (2) distribute in spacing ring plate (8) middle part, the top ring of spacing ring plate (8) is equipped with first outer ring gear (7), spacing ring plate (8) outer ring is equipped with second outer ring gear (9), the last pushing away unit (6) that are equipped with a plurality of spacing ring plates (8) that run through of ring gear (8), and first outer ring gear (7) and second outer ring gear (9) all are connected with pushing away unit (6) transmission for the contact of pushing away unit (6) one end and main shaft neck (2) lateral wall of recording offset distance and length.

2. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fitting tool according to claim 1, wherein: the pushing unit (6) comprises a main sliding column (10), an outer sliding component (11), an integrated piece (12), an auxiliary sliding component (13) and a head column (14), wherein the main sliding column (10) slides through square holes formed in a limiting ring plate (8), one end of the main sliding column (10) is connected with the outer sliding component (11) in a transmission mode, a second outer gear ring (9) drives all the outer sliding components (11) to synchronously drive, the other end of the main sliding column (10) is connected with the integrated piece (12), one side of the integrated piece (12) is connected with the auxiliary sliding component (13) in a transmission mode, the first outer gear ring (7) drives all the auxiliary sliding components (13) to synchronously rotate, and one end of the integrated piece (12) away from the main sliding column (10) is connected with the head column (14) and the head column (14) is contacted with a main spindle neck (2).

3. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fitting tool according to claim 2, wherein: the external motion assembly (11) comprises a P-shaped plate (15), an external column gear (16) and an external shaft (17), one end of the external column gear (16) is connected with a second external gear ring (9) in a meshed transmission mode, the other end of the external column gear (16) is connected with one row of teeth arranged at the end of a main sliding column (10) in a meshed transmission mode, the external shaft (17) is fixed at the end of the external column gear (16), the P-shaped plate (15) supports the external shaft (17), one end of the P-shaped plate (15) is fixed on a limiting ring plate (8), the auxiliary motion assembly (13) comprises a long shaft gear (18), a T block (19) and a small vertical shaft (20), the T block (19) is fixed on the limiting ring plate (8), one end of the T block (19) supports the long shaft gear (18), the small vertical shaft (20) is connected with the first external gear ring (7) in a transmission mode, and the other end of the small vertical shaft (20) is connected with one end of the long shaft (12) in a meshed mode through a fixed bevel gear.

4. A diesel engine crankshaft press-fit tooling as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the utility model provides an integrated piece (12) include worm (21), afterbody steering column (22), integrated part (23), anchor body (24), waist post (25), spring portion (26) and gas utensil (27), the one end side sliding contact of waist post (25) has head post (14), the opposite side of waist post (25) distributes has gas utensil (27), gas utensil (27) screens head post (14), the other end of waist post (25) is fixed with afterbody steering column (22), afterbody steering column (22) slip passes the lug through-hole of fixing on main strut (10), waist post (25) support integrated part (23) and anchor body (24), head post (14) one end is connected with spring portion (26), and the transmission is connected with anchor body (24) between spring portion (26) and the integrated part (23), integrated part (23) one end is connected with worm (21), a row of tooth meshing connection of fixing on worm (21) and the main strut (10).

5. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fit tooling of claim 4, wherein: the utility model provides an air tool (27) includes trachea (28), air column (29), pressure folded plate (30), fixture block (31) and pressure shell fragment (32), square hole that sets up on fixture block (31) slip pass waist post (25), fixture block (31) one end is V type pointed end, and the V type pointed end of fixture block (31) inserts in the V groove of seting up on head post (14), the inclined plane groove is seted up to the fixture block (31) other end, in the inclined plane groove of fixture block (31) is inserted to pressure folded plate (30) one end, pressure folded plate (30) other end is fixed with air column (29), air column (29) one end inserts in trachea (28), one side at waist post (25) is fixed to trachea (28), pressure shell fragment (32) one end is fixed on waist post (25), pressure shell fragment (32) other end elastic support fixture block (31).

6. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fit tooling of claim 4, wherein: the spring part (26) comprises a pressure spring (33), a head direction column (34) and a reciprocating block (35), the head direction column (34) slides through a bump through hole formed in the waist column (25), one end of the head direction column (34) is fixedly provided with the reciprocating block (35), the other end of the head direction column (34) is fixedly arranged on the head column (14), the pressure spring (33) is sleeved on the head direction column (34), the pressure spring (33) is supported between the head column (14) and the waist column (25), the anchor body (24) comprises a straight plate, an arc-shaped rack with one end of the straight plate fixed and a gear with the other end fixed, the gear of the anchor body (24) is hinged with a V-shaped convex plate fixed on the waist column (25), and the gear on the anchor body (24) is in meshed transmission connection with a short rack fixed on the reciprocating block (35).

7. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fit tooling of claim 6, wherein: the integrated part (23) comprises a short support shaft (36), a pressure frame body (37), a memory device (38), an L-shaped position plate (39), a long support shaft (40) and a clamp (41), wherein one end of the L-shaped position plate (39) is fixed on a waist column (25), the L-shaped position plate (39) supports the long support shaft (40) and the short support shaft (36), one end of the short support shaft (36) is in meshed connection with one end of the long support shaft (40) through a fixed bevel gear, the other end of the short support shaft (36) is in transmission connection with the memory device (38) through a fixed gear, the other end of the long support shaft (40) is in fixed connection with a worm (21), the clamp (41) is clamped to control the long support shaft (40), one end of the pressure frame body (37) is in meshed transmission connection with an arc-shaped rack of the anchor body (24), and the other end of the pressure frame body (37) is in transmission connection with the memory device (38).

8. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fit tooling of claim 7, wherein: the fixture (41) comprises a clamping gear (42), a reset elastic piece (43), a clamping plate (44) and a fixing block (45), wherein the long shaft gear (18) is connected with the clamping gear (42) in a meshed mode, the clamping gear (42) is supported on the fixing block (45) through a fixed concave folding rod, one end of the fixing block (45) is fixed on a waist column (25), the clamping plate (44) slides through a square hole formed in the other end of the fixing block (45), one end of the clamping plate (44) is inserted into a plate hole formed in a long support shaft (40), a row of teeth are formed in the other end of the clamping plate (44), the clamping gear (42) is connected with the clamping plate (44) in a meshed transmission mode, one end of the reset elastic piece (43) is fixed on the clamping plate (44), and the other end of the clamping plate is fixed on the fixing block (45).

9. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fit tooling of claim 7, wherein: the memory device (38) comprises a one-way component (46), a half rod (47), a concave folding long plate (48), a second spring (49), a first long rod (50), a concave folding top plate (51), a Z-shaped plate (52) and an L-shaped external connecting plate (53), wherein the two ends of the concave folding top plate (51) are respectively fixed with the L-shaped external connecting plate (53), one end of the L-shaped external connecting plate (53) is fixed on a waist column (25), one side of the concave folding top plate (51) is in sliding contact with the concave folding long plate (48), two symmetrically distributed half rods (47) are fixed in the concave folding top plate (51), the half rods (47) slide through bump through holes arranged on the concave folding long plate (48), the pressure frame body (37) is sleeved on the concave folding top plate (51) in a sliding way through a fixed square tube, a row of teeth are arranged on the outer side wall of the concave folding long plate (48), a gear fixed at the end part of the short supporting shaft (36) is connected with the concave folding long plate (48) in a meshed transmission way, a first long rod (50) is fixed at the inner side of the concave folding long plate (48), two second springs (49) are sleeved on the first long rod (50), two symmetrically-distributed Z-shaped plates (52) are arranged between the two second springs (49), the first long rod (50) slides through holes formed in the Z-shaped plates (52), one side of each Z-shaped plate (52) is provided with a row of unidirectional teeth, the unidirectional assembly (46) is used for unidirectional clamping of the two Z-shaped plates (52), the second spring (49) is supported between the Z-shaped plates (52) and the end parts of the concave folding long plates (48), and the waist of the pressure frame body (37) is separated from the two Z-shaped plates (52) by fixing two folding column supports.

10. The diesel engine crankshaft press-fit tooling of claim 9, wherein: the unidirectional assembly (46) comprises an end elastic sheet (54), a unidirectional clamping plate (55) and a transverse column (56), wherein the unidirectional clamping plate (55) is fixed at two ends of the transverse column (56), one row of unidirectional teeth are arranged at one end of the unidirectional clamping plate (55), each unidirectional clamping plate (55) corresponds to one Z-shaped plate (52) of unidirectional clamping position, the unidirectional clamping plate (55) slides through a plate hole formed in the L-shaped external plate (53), one end of the end elastic sheet (54) is fixed on the L-shaped external plate (53), and the other end of the end elastic sheet is fixed on the unidirectional clamping plate (55).