CN117617028A

CN117617028A - Culture medium filling method of seedling raising tray

Info

Publication number: CN117617028A
Application number: CN202210976262.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-08-15
Filing date: 2022-08-15
Publication date: 2024-03-01

Abstract

The method for filling the culture medium of the seedling raising tray is very suitable for automatically taking seedlings of the soil-cultivated vegetables, and comprises the following steps: putting a proper amount of clay mud blocks into each seedling cavity cylinder of the seedling tray without the bottom plate (or the seedling tray with the detachable bottom plate), extruding the clay mud blocks in the seedling cavity cylinders into mud cups with dome conical barrel-shaped inner cavities and water permeable holes on the bottom walls by using dome conical rods with top openings, and filling loose culture matrixes into the inner cavities of the mud cups to be sown with seeds; the seedling transplanting machine has the advantages that the culture medium and the seedling root system can still be kept wrapped and stuck together after being pushed away from the seedling hole drum, meanwhile, the mud cup is used as a grabbing part for picking the seedlings, so that the mechanical claws can be favorably and firmly grabbed, and the success rate and the efficiency of automatic seedling picking and transplanting and the survival rate of the seedlings are greatly improved.

Description

Culture medium filling method of seedling raising tray

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a culture medium filling method of a seedling raising tray, which is suitable for automatically taking seedlings of soil-cultivated vegetables.

Background

At present, automatic seedling taking cannot be implemented on soil-cultured vegetable seedlings, even the latest vegetable seedling transplanting machine still depends on manpower to take out seedlings from a seedling raising tray and put the seedlings into a seedling throwing pipe, the machine can further implant the seedlings into soil, so automatic seedling taking cannot be implemented, and mainly the following technical problems are not well solved:

the stalks and root systems of the seedlings of vegetables (especially leafy vegetables) are very fragile and tender, so the stalks cannot be used as the grasping parts of the mechanical claws, the mechanical claws can only dig into the culture matrixes in the seedling hole barrels of the seedling raising tray firstly, then dig out the culture matrixes together with the seedlings, and after the seedlings leave the seedling hole barrels, more culture matrixes are continuously wrapped and stuck around the root systems of the seedlings as much as possible, so that the seedlings can be thrown into soil holes in a correct posture with the root downwards in the next transplanting step; if the culture medium wrapped by the root system of the seedling is too little, the seedling becomes heavy and light and cannot be thrown into the soil pit in the downward root posture, so that the situation that a large number of seedlings are thrown into the pit in the upward root posture even in the seven-vertical posture occurs, if the seedlings are not implanted after being righted manually, a large number of seedlings are inevitably dead due to improper implantation positions.

The current seedling raising trays for soil-cultivated vegetable seedling raising are all provided with a fixed bottom plate, the filled seedling raising trays can only be culture matrixes with good air permeability, the mechanical claws need to implement seedling taking on the seedling raising trays, the seedling raising trays means that the seedling raising trays can only be realized by digging the culture matrixes in seedling taking hole barrels from top to bottom, and the result is that: firstly, stems and leaves of seedlings are extremely easy to be injured; secondly, the excavated culture medium is not complete enough and is almost completely scattered after being separated from the seedling hole drum, only a seedling with the culture medium hardly wrapped around the root system is left in the mechanical claw, and the taking out of the seedling with the light weight is failed, because the seedling is not suitable for the next transplanting at all.

The inventor invents the seedling tray of the detachable bottom plate, and the seedling hole barrel of this seedling tray is straight barrel form, and its seedling mode of getting is: the bottom plate is detached firstly, then a cylindrical pushing rod is inserted into the bottom end of the seedling hole barrel and pushes upwards, so that the culture medium can be pushed out together with seedlings relatively completely, however, in order to ensure that the planted seeds have higher germination rate, the seedling raising tray must also use the culture medium with good air permeability for raising seedlings, the better the air permeability of the culture medium is, the worse the adhesiveness of the culture medium means that the culture medium is in a loose state after the culture medium is separated from the seedling hole barrel, the culture medium is not adhered with the root system continuously, therefore, although the change caused by using the seedling raising tray to cultivate vegetable seedlings can better solve the problem of pushing out the culture medium relatively completely, the conventional culture medium filling method is still adopted, and the technical problem of how to keep the culture medium adhered with the root system continuously after the culture medium is separated from the seedling hole barrel is still not solved; of course, if the culture medium is to have a high adhesiveness to facilitate the better adhesion of the root system of the seedling, a large amount of clay is incorporated into the culture medium, and as a result, the air permeability of the culture medium becomes poor and the germination rate of the planted seeds becomes low, which is not preferable.

From the analysis, the conventional filling method of the current culture medium (only filling the loose culture medium with good air permeability) can not ensure that the culture medium can still keep wrapped and stuck together with the root system of the seedling after being pushed away from the seedling hole drum, but is in a loose state, so that the mechanical claw can not completely and stably grasp the seedling when taking the seedling, and the seedling taking failure is caused.

It is considered that the seedling taking and transplanting of the hydroponic vegetable seedlings are now highly automated, and the hydroponic vegetable seedlings can be completely transplanted into soil by using a hydroponic vegetable seedling transplanter; the automatic seedling taking and transplanting can be smoothly implemented for the water-cultured vegetable seedlings, because the water-cultured vegetable seedlings are cultivated by using plastic seedling cultivation cups which can be moved independently, the seedlings can be pulled away from the seedling cultivation tray together by the mechanical claws only by grabbing the seedling cultivation cups when taking the seedlings, the plastic seedling cultivation cups are not easy to deform, and the mechanical claws are very convenient to grasp, so that the seedling taking success rate almost reaches hundred percent, and the automatic seedling taking condition is provided; the seedling raising cup is recycled after the water planting vegetable seedlings are transplanted to the water planting bed until the seedlings are harvested, if the water planting vegetable seedlings are buried in soil together with the seedling raising cup, the seedling raising cup is excavated from the soil one by one after harvesting, the difficulty is high, and the labor cost is high; if the seedling cup is not recycled, the cost of the seedling consumable is increased, so that the assumption is difficult to implement.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical obstacle faced by implementing automatic seedling taking on soil-cultivated vegetable seedlings, the utility model provides a culture medium filling method of a seedling raising plate, which is suitable for implementation on a seedling raising plate without a bottom plate (the inventor filed the application on the same day) and a seedling raising plate with a detachable bottom plate (seedling hole barrels of the two seedling raising plates are all in a straight barrel shape), two filling materials of clay and loose culture medium with good air permeability are needed, and a dome conical rod with an open-pore tip at the top is used as an extrusion tool, and the method comprises the following steps:

1. pouring a little water on the fine clay, and stirring and kneading the fine clay into a dry and thick mud mass by a stirrer for standby.

2. Before the first filling operation, firstly placing a seedling raising tray (the seedling raising tray with a detachable bottom plate is temporarily not buckled with the bottom plate) on a filling table with the tray bottom downwards, locking the seedling raising tray by a locking device, and then carrying out a simulated filling test by using any seedling hole cylinder in the seedling raising tray to determine the volume of the mud blocks required by extruding a single mud cup (namely determining the volume standard of a proper amount of clay mud blocks).

3. Placing the trays of seedling raising trays (without bottom plate or seedling raising trays with detachable bottom plates, which are not fastened with bottom plates) to be filled on a filling table one by one downwards, locking the trays by using a locking device, and then putting a proper amount of clay mud blocks into each seedling hole barrel.

4. The dome cone-shaped rod with the open-pore tip at the top is inserted into the seedling hole barrel one by one to be extruded and rotated, clay mud blocks are extruded into mud cups with cone-shaped inner cavities with round bottoms, and the center of the bottoms of the mud cups is extruded by the open-pore tip to form a water permeable hole.

5. When clay mud blocks in all seedling hole cylinders are extruded into mud cups, the locking device is unlocked, and the seedling tray is taken out (if the seedling tray with the detachable bottom plate is taken out, the bottom plate is also required to be buckled).

6. Filling loose culture medium with good air permeability into the round-bottom cone-shaped inner cavity of each mud cup in the seedling raising tray for seed sowing.

When the seedling is taken, a cylindrical pushing rod is inserted into the bottom of the seedling hole barrel and then pushed upwards, so that the whole mud cup, the culture medium in the inner cavity of the mud cup and the seedlings are completely pushed away from the seedling hole barrel, and the mechanical claws can grasp the mud cup completely.

The clay cup extruded by clay has certain tensile and compressive capacities, loose culture medium filled in the inner cavity of the clay cup is beneficial to germination of seeds and growth of seedling root systems, and the clay cup wall can hoop the loose culture medium, so that the culture medium can still keep a binding state with the seedling root systems after being pushed away from the seedling hole barrels along with the clay cup; the mud cup has good shape maintenance degree and is compact, and can be completely and stably gripped by the mechanical claw; the principle of how to prevent the mud cup from slipping downwards in the seedling hole barrel of the bottomless seedling tray is explained, because the bottom wall of the mud cup is just propped against the anti-slipping convex points of the circumferential array at the bottom end of the inner diameter surface of the seedling hole barrel, the anti-slipping convex points can clamp the mud cup to prevent the mud cup from slipping downwards.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the technical problem that the culture medium cannot be continuously wrapped and stuck together with the root system of the seedling after being separated from the seedling hole drum is thoroughly solved, a mud cup with good shape maintenance degree and compacter structure becomes the most reliable seedling taking and gripping part of the mechanical claw, and a feasible technical guarantee is provided for automatic seedling taking implemented for soil-cultivated vegetable seedlings, so that the success rate and efficiency of automatic seedling taking and the seedling transplanting survival rate are greatly improved, the used clay can be obtained locally, and the consumable cost of seedling raising is not increased; moreover, once the soil-cultivated vegetable seedlings can also be automatically picked, the labor cost is further greatly reduced, and the soil-cultivated vegetable seedling picking machine has more advantages in planting cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an axial view of the nesting effect of a dome cone-shaped rod with a perforated tip at the top and a cut-away seedling tray.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the seedling hole cylinder and the mud cup.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:

the utility model discloses a culture medium filling method of a seedling raising tray, which is suitable for being used on a seedling raising tray without a bottom plate and a seedling raising tray with a detachable bottom plate, wherein seedling hole barrels (3) of the two seedling raising trays are in a straight barrel shape, a plurality of anti-drop convex points (4) are arrayed on the circumference of the bottom end of the inner diameter surface of the seedling hole barrel (3) of the seedling raising tray without the bottom plate, the inner diameter surface of the seedling hole barrel of the seedling raising tray with the detachable bottom plate is free from any anti-drop convex point, two filling materials of clay and loose culture medium with good air permeability are needed, a dome conical rod (1) with an opening tip (2) at the top is used as an extrusion tool, and the steps of the filling method are basically the same on the two seedling raising trays, and the method is implemented as follows:

1. pouring a little water on the fine clay, and kneading into dry thick mud ball (which is suitable for grasping mud ball by hand and holding tightly without extruding mud from gap between fingers) by using a stirrer for standby.

2. Before the first filling operation, firstly placing a seedling raising tray (the seedling raising tray with a detachable bottom plate is also temporarily not buckled with the upper bottom plate) on a filling table downwards and locking the seedling raising tray by a locking device, and then carrying out a simulated filling test by any seedling hole barrel (3) in the seedling raising tray to determine the volume of clay mud blocks (namely, determine the volume standard of a proper amount of clay mud blocks) required by extruding a single mud cup (6), wherein the process is as follows:

1) Putting a small clay block into any seedling hole cylinder (3) of the seedling tray.

2) The dome cone-shaped rod (1) with the open hole tip (2) at the top is inserted into the seedling hole barrel (3) to be extruded downwards as much as possible and rotated, clay mud blocks are extruded into mud cups (6) with the cone-shaped barrel-shaped inner cavities (5) with round bottoms, the center of the bottoms of the mud cups (6) is extruded by the open hole tip (2) to form a water permeable hole (7), and the wall of the extruded mud cups (6) is full.

3) And withdrawing the dome conical rod (1) and loosening the locking device of the seedling tray, taking out the seedling tray, inserting a cylindrical pushing rod into the bottom end of the seedling hole barrel (3) and pushing upwards, and completely pushing the whole mud cup away from the seedling hole barrel (3).

4) Taking down the clay cup (6), kneading the clay cup (6) into a certain shape (such as a cylinder or a cube), wherein the volume of the clay cup is the reference standard of the volume of all clay blocks put in later, and the clay blocks with the same volume are a proper amount of clay blocks.

3. Placing the trays of seedling trays (seedling trays without bottom plates or seedling trays with detachable bottom plates, which are not fastened with bottom plates) to be filled on a filling table one by one, locking the trays with locking devices, and then putting a proper amount of clay mud blocks into each seedling cavity cylinder (3).

4. The dome cone-shaped rod (1) with the open-pore tip (2) at the top is inserted into the seedling hole barrel (3) one by one to be extruded and rotated, clay mud blocks are extruded into a mud cup (6) with a circular-bottom cone-shaped inner cavity (5), and the bottom center of the mud cup (6) is extruded by the open-pore tip (2) to form a water permeable hole (7).

5. When clay mud blocks in all seedling hole cylinders (3) are extruded into mud cups (6), the dome conical rods (1) are pulled out, the locking device is loosened, and the seedling tray is taken out (if the seedling tray with the detachable bottom plate is taken out, the bottom plate is also required to be buckled).

6. Filling loose culture medium with good air permeability into the round-bottom cone-shaped inner cavity (5) of each mud cup (6) in the seedling raising tray for seed sowing.

In order to improve the extrusion efficiency of the mud cup (6), a plurality of dome conical rods (1) can be designed into an array structural device and can be synchronously linked, so that a plurality of mud cups can be extruded simultaneously.

When the seedlings are taken, a plurality of cylindrical pushing rods of the array can be inserted into the bottom of the seedling hole barrel (3) at the same time and then pushed upwards according to the needs, and a plurality of mud cups (6) in the seedling tray, together with the culture medium and the seedlings, are completely pushed away from the seedling hole barrel (3), so that a plurality of mechanical claws can simultaneously grasp the mud cups together with the seedlings.

The clay cup (6) extruded by clay has certain tensile and compressive capacities, loose culture matrixes filled in the round bottom cone-shaped inner cavity (5) of the clay cup are beneficial to germination of seeds and growth of seedling root systems, the cup wall can be hooped to wrap the loose culture matrixes, and when seedlings are taken out, the culture matrixes can still keep a binding state with the seedling root systems after being pushed out of the seedling hole barrels (3) along with the clay cup; the mud cup (6) has good shape maintenance degree and is compact, and can be firmly gripped by the mechanical claw; in the straight barrel-shaped seedling hole barrel (3) of the bottomless seedling tray, the bottom wall of the mud cup (6) is just propped against the anti-drop convex points (4) of the circumferential array at the bottom end of the inner diameter surface of the seedling hole barrel (3), and the anti-drop convex points (4) can clamp the mud cup (6) to prevent the mud cup from falling down in a sliding manner.

The technical essence of the utility model is that the culture medium and the root system of the seedling are always kept in a wrapped and stuck state by the aid of the hooping of the mud cup with good tensile capacity, and meanwhile, the mud cup is used as a grabbing part by utilizing the characteristic of good shape maintenance, so that the grabbing and the firm grabbing of the mechanical claws are facilitated, and the success rate and the efficiency of automatically taking seedlings of the soil-cultivated vegetable seedlings and the survival rate of transplanting the seedlings are greatly improved; other skilled artisans may make changes or modifications to the described technology content to other equivalent embodiments, the nature of which also makes use of the technical spirit of the present utility model, and which still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A culture medium filling method of a seedling raising tray is characterized in that: the method is suitable for implementation on seedling trays without a bottom plate and seedling trays with a detachable bottom plate, two filling materials of clay and loose culture medium with good air permeability are needed, and a dome conical rod (1) with an open-pore tip (2) at the top is used as an extrusion tool.

2. The method for filling a culture medium into a seedling tray according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: placing the tray bottom of a seedling tray (a seedling tray without a bottom plate or a seedling tray with a detachable bottom plate, which is not fastened with the bottom plate) to be filled on a filling table downwards and locking the tray by a locking device, and then putting a proper amount of clay mud blocks into each seedling cavity cylinder (3) (the viscosity of the mud blocks is required to be that the mud blocks are grasped by hands and are tightly held by force without extruding thick mud from gaps among fingers).

3. The method for filling a culture medium of a seedling raising tray according to claim 2, further comprising the steps of: the dome cone-shaped rod (1) with the open-pore tip (2) at the top is inserted into the seedling hole barrel (3) one by one to be extruded and rotated, clay mud blocks are extruded into a mud cup (6) with a circular-bottom cone-shaped inner cavity (5), and the bottom center of the mud cup (6) is extruded by the open-pore tip (2) to form a water permeable hole (7).

4. A method of filling a seedling tray with a culture medium according to claim 3, further comprising the steps of: when clay mud blocks in all seedling hole cylinders (3) are extruded into mud cups (6), the locking device is unlocked, and the seedling tray is taken out (if the seedling tray with the detachable bottom plate is taken out, the bottom plate is also required to be buckled).

5. The method for filling a culture medium into a seedling tray according to claim 4, wherein the subsequent step is characterized by: filling loose culture medium with good air permeability into the round-bottom cone-shaped inner cavity (5) of each mud cup (6) in the seedling raising tray for seed sowing.