CN117606326B - Threaded hole precision detection device and detection method - Google Patents

Threaded hole precision detection device and detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117606326B
CN117606326B CN202410087988.3A CN202410087988A CN117606326B CN 117606326 B CN117606326 B CN 117606326B CN 202410087988 A CN202410087988 A CN 202410087988A CN 117606326 B CN117606326 B CN 117606326B
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Prior art keywords
hole
driving
detection
detected
pin
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CN117606326A (en
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杨勇
康宏宇
邓力
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Wuxi Ntgage Instrument Technology Co ltd
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Wuxi Ntgage Instrument Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/22—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring depth
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
    • G01B5/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a threaded hole precision detection device and a detection method, wherein the device comprises the following steps: screw thread detection rule, expansion plate, rotation axis, rotary driving mechanism, linear driving mechanism, laser displacement sensor and industry camera, wherein, the connection rule body is connected with the fixed rule body through crashproof coupling mechanism, crashproof coupling mechanism can be when receiving the impact effort that exceeds the upper limit with fixed rule body automatic disconnection. The invention can realize automatic detection of the depth and the aperture of the threaded hole at the same time, has high detection efficiency and good precision, can better avoid the occurrence of the condition of missing detection, and has good market application prospect; the anti-collision connecting mechanism can be automatically separated from the fixed gauge body when the anti-collision connecting mechanism receives impact force exceeding the upper limit, so that when the screw detection head or the connecting gauge body collides with a workpiece to be detected accidentally, the related driving mechanism and equipment such as a robot above the fixed gauge body can be protected better, and the loss caused by accidental collision can be reduced effectively.

Description

Threaded hole precision detection device and detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a threaded hole precision detection device and a detection method.
Background
Screw holes exist on parts such as engine cylinder body cylinder cover, gearbox front and back box, clutch housing in a large number, and in the past generally can only manually detect its logical end and degree of depth, and inefficiency is consuming time and consumes effort, causes the mistake to leak hunting to examine easily, leads to the defective products to flow out. And when the screw thread gauge is actually used in a factory environment, if the screw thread gauge and a workpiece are easy to collide due to programming errors, careless operation or workpiece production defects, the main body part of the screw thread gauge is damaged slightly under the traditional condition, and the equipment such as a manipulator of a robot is damaged heavily, so that great loss is easy to cause. Patent CN105758349a discloses an automatic thread detection device which can perform automatic detection of a threaded hole, but lacks a mechanism for reducing loss in response to the above-mentioned collision.
The screw hole is because of reasons such as processing, appears the deviation of position degree easily (the actual axis of screw hole exists the displacement difference with designing the axis), can lead to the phenomenon emergence that the screw thread detects the head and can't get into the screw hole that awaits measuring smoothly like this. And many workpieces also need to detect the position degree of the threaded holes so as to ensure the processing quality of the workpieces. Patent CN102759312a discloses a screw hole detection device capable of improving detection efficiency by automated detection, which solves the problem of lack of a screw hole with deviation of position degree by providing a floating joint, but which cannot realize measurement of position degree.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for improvements that provide a more reliable solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a threaded hole precision detection device and a detection method aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a threaded hole precision detection device, comprising: the screw thread detection gauge comprises a fixed gauge body, a connecting gauge body and a screw thread detection head which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the telescopic plate is positioned above the thread detection gauge and can linearly move along the vertical direction; the rotating shaft can rotate in the vertical direction, passes through the expansion plate and is connected with the upper end of the fixed gauge body, and is used for driving the thread detection gauge to rotate; a rotation driving mechanism for driving the rotation shaft to perform a rotation motion; the linear driving mechanism drives the expansion plate to linearly move along the vertical direction so as to enable the thread detection gauge to linearly move downwards by pushing the upper end of the fixed gauge body through the expansion plate, and the thread detection head stretches into the threaded hole to be detected by matching with the rotation function provided by the rotating shaft; the laser displacement sensor is used for measuring the vertical linear displacement of the expansion plate so as to realize the detection of the depth of the threaded hole to be detected; the industrial camera is used for photographing a workpiece to be detected, which is required to be detected by the threaded hole, so as to perform error-proofing detection; the connecting gauge body is connected with the fixed gauge body through an anti-collision connecting mechanism, and the anti-collision connecting mechanism can be automatically disconnected with the fixed gauge body when receiving impact acting force exceeding an upper limit.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the fixed gauge body is provided with a first connecting hole, the anti-collision connecting mechanism comprises a connector connected with the upper end of the connecting gauge body, a second connecting hole formed in the middle of the connector, an expansion sleeve, a stepped lock pin hole, a locking pin, a locking spring, a conical lock cap and a locking screw, wherein the lower end of the expansion sleeve is used for being inserted into the second connecting hole in a matched mode, the stepped lock pin hole is formed in the middle of the expansion sleeve, the lower end of the locking pin is slidably inserted into the stepped lock pin hole, the upper end of the locking pin is slidably inserted into the first connecting hole, the locking spring is connected between the upper end of the locking pin and the upper inner wall of the first connecting hole, the conical lock cap is connected with the lower end of the locking pin, and the locking screw is used for connecting the conical lock cap to the locking pin; the expansion sleeve comprises an upper sleeve body part connected with the fixed gauge body, a lower sleeve part connected to the lower end of the upper sleeve body part and movably inserted into the second connecting hole, a plurality of steel ball holes formed in the lower sleeve part, and locking steel balls which are movably arranged in the steel ball holes and cannot be separated from the steel ball holes; the step lock pin hole comprises a first hole section formed in the upper sleeve body part and a second hole section formed in the lower sleeve part and having a diameter larger than that of the first hole section, the conical lock cap can be slidably arranged in the second hole section along the vertical direction, and the inner side of the locking steel ball can partially extend into the second hole section and be in contact with the outer wall of the conical surface of the conical lock cap; the inner wall of the middle part of the second connecting hole protrudes towards the center to form an arc-shaped protruding part which is annular as a whole, and the inner wall of the second connecting hole below the arc-shaped protruding part is recessed towards the periphery to form a steel ball clamping groove; after the lower sleeve part is matched and inserted into the second connecting hole, the outer wall of the conical surface of the conical lock cap outwards pushes against the inner side of the locking steel ball, so that the outer side part of the locking steel ball is matched and clamped into the steel ball clamping groove; when the impact force exceeding the upper limit is applied, the locking steel balls can be extruded by the arc-shaped protruding parts in the connector and then retract into the steel ball holes inwards, so that the connector can be separated from the expansion sleeve.
Preferably, the coupling gauge body comprises an upper connecting rod connected with the lower end of the connector, a lower connecting seat connected with the upper connecting rod, a lower mounting hole formed in the lower connecting seat, a plane floating mechanism arranged in the lower mounting hole, a floating connecting rod, the upper end of which is connected in the lower mounting hole through the plane floating mechanism, the lower end of which extends out of the lower mounting hole and is connected with the thread detection head, and a position detection mechanism arranged on the lower connecting seat, wherein the lower end of the floating connecting rod is connected with the thread detection head; the plane floating mechanism comprises an upper gasket, a first plane bearing, a second plane bearing, a driving disc, four driving through grooves, two first driving pins and two second driving pins, wherein the upper gasket is arranged in the lower mounting hole, the first plane bearing and the second plane bearing are arranged in the lower mounting hole, the driving disc is movably arranged in the middle of the upper gasket and the first plane bearing, the driving through grooves are arranged on the driving disc in a cross shape, the two first driving pins are respectively arranged in the two driving through grooves at opposite sides, and the two second driving pins are respectively arranged in the other two driving through grooves at opposite sides; the upper end of the first driving pin is connected with the upper connecting rod, the lower end of the first driving pin is matched with the upper connecting rod and inserted into the driving through groove at the corresponding position, the lower end of the second driving pin is connected with the floating connecting rod, the upper end of the second driving pin is matched with the upper end of the second driving pin and inserted into the driving through groove at the corresponding position, a gap is formed between the first driving pin and the corresponding driving through groove in a first direction in a plane, a gap is formed between the second driving pin and the corresponding driving through groove in a second direction in the plane, and the first direction and the second direction are mutually perpendicular, so that cross-shaped movement can be carried out between the first driving pin and the second driving pin relatively.
Preferably, a connecting disc is arranged at the upper end of the floating connecting rod, the peripheral part of the connecting disc is positioned between a first plane bearing and a second plane bearing, the lower end of the second driving pin is connected with the connecting disc, and the second plane bearing is contacted with the inner wall of the bottom in the lower mounting hole; the bottom of lower connecting seat has seted up the floating hole, the external diameter of floating connecting rod is less than the internal diameter of floating hole, the external diameter of last packing ring, first plane bearing, second plane bearing and connection disc is all less than the internal diameter of mounting hole down.
Preferably, the bottom of the upper connecting rod is uniformly provided with a plurality of locking spring holes at intervals, a first pre-tightening spring is arranged in each locking spring hole, the bottom of each first pre-tightening spring is connected with a pre-tightening steel ball, and the pre-tightening steel balls are propped against the surface of the upper gasket; a lower conical groove is formed in the middle of the connecting disc, and a movable reset steel ball is arranged on the lower conical groove in a matched mode; the middle part of going up the connecting rod has seted up the second spring hole, be provided with reset spring in the second spring hole, reset spring's lower extreme is connected with the reset pin, the middle part of drive disc has been seted up and has been supplied the disc through-hole that the reset pin passed, the bottom of reset pin have with the upper surface cooperation contact of reset steel ball goes up the taper groove.
Preferably, the position degree detection mechanism comprises four measuring holes which are formed in the side part of the lower connecting seat and are communicated with the lower mounting holes, four position degree measuring pins which are respectively arranged in the four measuring holes, a second pre-tightening spring sleeved on the position degree measuring pins, a reading measuring rod which is connected to the outer end of the position degree measuring pin and is positioned outside the lower connecting seat, and a measuring ruler which is arranged on the outer wall of the lower connecting seat and is positioned above or below the reading measuring rod; the four measuring holes are arranged at the same horizontal position and are arranged at the periphery of the connecting disc in a cross shape in the horizontal plane; the measuring hole is a stepped hole and comprises a large hole section positioned at the inner side and a small hole section positioned at the outer side, the position measuring pin comprises a thick pin part which can be arranged in the large hole section in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction and a thin pin part which is connected with the thick pin part and can be arranged in the small hole section in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction, the outer end of the thin pin part extends out of the small hole section and is connected with the reading measuring rod, the second pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the thin pin part and is positioned between the thick pin part and the outer side inner wall of the large hole section, and the inner end of the thick pin part is contacted with the outer wall of the connecting disc through a ball head part; the small hole section is a square hole, the cross section of the thin pin part is square matched with the small hole section, and the reading measuring rod is a rectangular rod; the reading measuring rod is provided with a reading vertical line, and the horizontal position offset and the offset direction of the floating connecting rod are obtained by reading the scale value of the reading vertical line on the measuring ruler.
Preferably, the screw hole precision detection device further comprises a control and data processing host and a mounting plate positioned above the telescopic plate, the industrial camera is arranged on the side part of the mounting plate, the laser displacement sensor is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate, the telescopic plate is provided with a sensor baffle plate which is positioned under the laser displacement sensor in a matched manner, and the control and data processing host is in communication connection with the rotary driving mechanism, the linear driving mechanism, the laser displacement sensor and the industrial camera; the rotary driving mechanism comprises a servo motor arranged on the mounting plate, a driving belt pulley in driving connection with an output shaft of the servo motor, a driven belt pulley rotatably arranged on the mounting plate and a driving belt in driving connection with the driving belt pulley and the driven belt pulley, a belt pulley hole is formed in the middle of the driven belt pulley, and a belt pulley gear ring is fixedly arranged in the belt pulley hole; the rotary shaft comprises a rotary shaft body and a thin shaft part which is positioned at the tail end of the rotary shaft body and has a diameter smaller than that of the rotary shaft body, and a shaft shoulder is formed between the rotary shaft body and the thin shaft part; the mounting plate is provided with a first rotating shaft hole, a first rotating bearing is arranged in the first rotating shaft hole, the rotating shaft body can rotate to penetrate through the first rotating bearing, the outer ring of the first rotating bearing is connected with the inner wall of the rotating shaft hole, the upper end of the inner ring of the first rotating bearing is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve seat, the sliding sleeve seat is provided with a guide sliding hole, the rotating shaft body is fixedly sleeved with a gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve comprises a gear sleeve part which is matched and inserted in the pulley gear ring and meshed with the pulley gear ring and a guide disc part which is connected with the lower end of the gear sleeve part and can be slidably inserted in the guide sliding hole; the telescopic plate is provided with a second rotating shaft hole, a second rotating bearing is arranged in the second rotating shaft hole, the thin shaft part can rotate to penetrate through the second rotating bearing, the shaft shoulder is propped against the inner ring of the second rotating bearing, and the diameter of the second rotating shaft hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the fixed gauge body, so that the telescopic plate moves downwards to exert a downward propping action on the upper end of the fixed gauge body; an auxiliary spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft body and is limited between the mounting plate and the expansion plate; the linear driving mechanism is a cylinder driving mechanism or an electric push rod driving mechanism, the linear driving mechanism comprises two groups which are symmetrically arranged and are arranged on the mounting plate through brackets, and an output rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the telescopic plate below through a driving spring; at least three guide shafts are arranged on the expansion plate at intervals, and a guide sliding sleeve for the guide shafts to pass through in a matched mode is arranged on the mounting plate.
The invention also provides a detection method of the threaded hole precision detection device, which comprises the following steps: s1, the screw hole precision detection device is connected to a manipulator of a robot for implementing screw hole detection through the mounting plate, firstly, a workpiece to be detected, which is required to be subjected to screw hole detection, is photographed through the industrial camera, and is compared with a standard workpiece image acquired in advance, so that error prevention detection is performed, and when the error prevention detection is passed, the screw hole detection is performed according to the following steps; s2, checking the position degree detection mechanism in advance, and ensuring that the reading vertical line on each reading measuring rod is aligned with the zero scale value on the corresponding measuring scale, so that the floating connecting rod is reset; then, driving the threaded hole precision detection device to move through a manipulator according to a path planned in advance according to the design position of the threaded hole to be detected, so that the threaded detection head reaches a measurement initial position above the threaded hole to be detected, at the moment, the central axis of the threaded detection head coincides with the design central axis of the threaded hole to be detected, a gap is reserved between the threaded detection head and the threaded hole to be detected in the vertical direction, and a gap is reserved between the telescopic plate and the upper end of the fixed gauge body; s3, the linear driving mechanism works, the telescopic plate is driven to move downwards through the driving spring, the linear driving mechanism stops until the driving force output by the linear driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit, the fact that the thread detection head is in contact with the upper port of the threaded hole to be detected at the moment is indicated, and the vertical distance between the laser displacement sensor and the sensor baffle on the telescopic plate is detected through the laser displacement sensor and is recorded as H 0; s4, the linear driving mechanism keeps working, and the rotary driving mechanism starts to work to drive the thread detection head to rotate, so that the thread detection head moves downwards while rotating; when the torque output by the rotary driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit and the thread detection head still cannot enter the threaded hole to be detected, the defect that the aperture of the threaded hole to be detected is unqualified is indicated, the detection of the current threaded hole is stopped, and the step S6 is entered.
When the thread detection head can smoothly enter the threaded hole to be detected before the torque output by the rotary driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit, the aperture of the threaded hole to be detected is qualified; at this time, the rotation driving mechanism continues to work until the torque output by the rotation driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit, which indicates that the screw thread detection head is already propped against the bottom of the screw hole to be detected, and the vertical distance between the current laser displacement sensor and the sensor baffle plate on the expansion plate is detected by the laser displacement sensor and is recorded as H 1; and the control and data processing host acquires the detection result of the laser displacement sensor, and calculates to obtain a measured value delta H=H 1-H0 of the depth of the threaded hole to be detected.
S5, when the thread detection head is propped against the bottom of the threaded hole to be detected, acquiring a position degree parameter phi of the threaded hole to be detected through the position degree detection mechanism, and finishing the detection of the current threaded hole to be detected; s6, enabling the threaded detection head to reversely rotate, enabling the threaded detection head to simultaneously move upwards through the linear driving mechanism until the threaded detection head is reset to the initial measurement position, and then detecting a threaded hole of the next threaded hole to be detected according to the method of the steps S2-S5.
Preferably, the specific method for performing error-proofing detection in step S1 is as follows: 1-1, after the industrial camera photographs a workpiece to be tested, which is required to be tested by a threaded hole, the control and data processing host acquires an image of the workpiece to be tested, and the image is recorded as P 0; 1-2, carrying out gray processing on the image P 0 by the control and data processing host to obtain a gray image P 1, and extracting to obtain an image P 2 containing the outer contour of the workpiece to be detected and all the contours of the threaded holes to be detected; 1-3, comparing the image P 2 with a standard image P b which is obtained in advance and contains the external contour of the standard workpiece and all the contours of the threaded holes to be detected on the standard workpiece, judging that the current workpiece to be detected is qualified in error-proof detection when the coincidence degree of the image P 2 and the standard image P b is larger than a set threshold epsilon p, otherwise judging that the current workpiece to be detected is unqualified in error-proof detection.
Preferably, step S5 specifically includes: s5-1, taking the connecting line of two reading measuring rods L X1、LX2 positioned on the opposite side as the X direction, and taking the connecting line of the other two reading measuring rods L Y1、LY2 as the Y direction; s5-2, reading scale values of reading plumb lines of L X1、LX2 on corresponding measuring scales, respectively marked as x 1、x2, reading scale values of reading plumb lines of L Y1、LY2 on corresponding measuring scales, respectively marked as y 1、y2, and calculating position offset coordinates (delta x, delta y) of the threaded holes to be measured, wherein delta x= (x 1+x2)/2,Δy=(y1+y2)/2; the signs of Deltax and Deltay represent the offset direction and the numerical value represents the offset; s5-3, calculating the position degree parameter phi of the threaded hole to be measured,。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides a threaded hole precision detection device and a detection method, which can simultaneously realize automatic detection of the depth and the aperture of a threaded hole, have high detection efficiency and good precision, can better avoid the occurrence of the condition of missing detection, and have good market application prospect; according to the invention, by arranging the plane floating mechanism, the thread detection head can smoothly enter the threaded hole to be detected when a certain position deviation exists in the threaded hole to be detected, so that the detection of the inner diameter and depth of the threaded hole is realized; furthermore, the invention can also realize the detection of the position degree of the threaded hole to be detected through the cooperation of the simple position degree measuring mechanism and the plane floating mechanism, and the position degree measuring mechanism can also assist the plane position reset of the thread detection head after the detection is completed; according to the invention, the connection between the connecting gauge body and the fixed gauge body is realized through the anti-collision connecting mechanism, and the anti-collision connecting mechanism can be automatically disconnected from the fixed gauge body when the anti-collision connecting mechanism receives impact acting force exceeding the upper limit, so that when a screw detection head or the connecting gauge body and a workpiece to be detected are subjected to accidental impact, related driving mechanisms, robots and other devices above the fixed gauge body can be well protected, and the loss caused by the accidental impact can be effectively reduced; according to the invention, the industrial camera is used for photographing and is matched with a simple graphic processing method, so that the error-proofing detection of the workpiece to be detected can be realized efficiently; according to the invention, the overdrive spring transmits the output force of the linear driving mechanism to the expansion plate, and further provides the downward pressing acting force of the screw thread detection head entering the screw hole to be detected, so that on one hand, the expansion plate is enabled to be relatively uniform in stress and more convenient to control during movement, and on the other hand, the rigid acting force of the cylinder driving mechanism can be converted into the flexible acting force applied through the driving spring, so that damage to workpieces such as the screw thread detection head and the like due to rigid contact can be better avoided.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the technical means of the present invention, and is to be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, as follows, in accordance with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, as hereinafter described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a screw hole precision detection device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the screw hole precision detecting device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention after the screw gauge is removed.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary drive mechanism and the linear drive mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the cooperation of the rotary shaft and the related components in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing an exploded structure of the rotary shaft in embodiment 1 of the present invention in cooperation with the related components.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a screw hole precision detection device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another view of the screw hole precision detecting device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a screw gauge according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw gauge according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing an exploded structure of the bump-proof connection mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention mated with the fixed gauge body and the coupling gauge body.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the bump-proof connection mechanism and fixed gauge and coupling gauge of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the bump protection attachment mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the bump protection attachment mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention after the locking steel balls are removed.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the joint in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic exploded view of the coupling gauge body of embodiment 1 of the present invention with the upper connecting rod omitted.
Fig. 16 is a top view of the coupling gauge body of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the cross-sectional position A-A of FIG. 16.
Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the section B-B of fig. 16.
Fig. 19 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the first driving pin and the second driving pin engaged with the driving disc in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a position degree detection mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a position measuring pin in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of a position detecting mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the position degree detection in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-fixing the gauge body; 10-a first connection hole; 2-an anti-collision connecting mechanism; 20-a connector; 21-a second connection hole; 22-expanding sleeve; 23-step lock pin holes; 24-locking pin; 25-locking springs; 26-a conical locking cap; 27-locking screws; 210-an arcuate bulge; 211-steel ball clamping groove; 220-upper sleeve body; 221-a lower sleeve portion; 222-steel ball hole; 223-locking steel balls; 230-a first bore section; 231-a second bore section; 260-conical surface outer wall; 3-connecting the gauge body; 30-upper connecting rod; 31-a lower connecting seat; 32-a lower mounting hole; 33-a planar float mechanism; 34—a floating link; 35-a position degree detection mechanism; 300-locking spring hole; 301-a first pretension spring; 302, pre-tightening a steel ball; 303-a second spring hole; 304-a return spring; 305-reset pin; 306-an upper conical groove; 310-floating hole; 330-upper gasket; 331-a first planar bearing; 332-a second planar bearing; 333—a drive disk; 334-drive through slot; 335-a first drive pin; 336-a second drive pin; 340-connecting the discs; 341-a lower tapered slot; 342-reset steel ball; 350-measuring holes; 351—position measurement pin; 352-a second pretension spring; 353-reading lever; 354-measuring ruler; 355-protective cover; 356-reading the vertical line; 357—a displacement sensor; 3330—a disc through hole; 3500-macropore section; 3501—a small pore section; 3510—thick pin portion; 3511—a thin pin portion; 3512—a bulb portion; 4-a thread detection head; 5-a telescopic plate; 50-a sensor flap; 51-a guide shaft; 52-a second spindle bore; 53-a second swivel bearing; 6-a rotary driving mechanism; 60-rotating shaft; 61-a servo motor; 62—a driving pulley; 63—a driven pulley; 64-a drive belt; 65-an auxiliary spring; 600-a rotating shaft body; 601-a shaft shoulder; 602—a thin shaft portion; 630-pulley hole; 631—a pulley ring gear; 7-a linear driving mechanism; 70-an output rod; 71-a drive spring; 8-mounting plate; 80-a laser displacement sensor; 81-industrial camera; 82-guiding sliding sleeve; 83-a first pivot hole; 84—a first swivel bearing; 85-sliding sleeve seat; 86-guiding slide hole; 87-gear sleeve; 870-gear sleeve portion; 871-guiding disc portion.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1: a threaded hole precision detection device, comprising: the screw thread detection gauge comprises a fixed gauge body 1, a connecting gauge body 3 and a screw thread detection head 4 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a telescopic plate 5 which is positioned above the screw gauge and is capable of linear movement in the vertical direction; a rotation shaft 60 which is rotatably passed through the expansion plate 5 in a vertical direction and is connected to the upper end of the fixed gauge body 1 to drive the screw gauge to rotate; a rotation driving mechanism 6 for driving the rotation shaft 60 to perform a rotation motion; the linear driving mechanism 7 drives the expansion plate 5 to linearly move along the vertical direction so as to enable the screw thread detection gauge to linearly move downwards by pressing the upper end of the fixed gauge body 1 through the expansion plate 5, thereby enabling the screw thread detection head 4 to extend into the screw hole to be detected in cooperation with the rotation function provided by the rotating shaft 60; the laser displacement sensor 80 is used for measuring the vertical linear displacement of the expansion plate 5 so as to realize the detection of the depth of the threaded hole to be detected; an industrial camera 81 for photographing a workpiece to be measured for which screw hole detection is required, so as to perform error-proofing detection; a control and data processing host; and a mounting plate 8 located above the expansion plate 5.
The industrial camera 81 is arranged at the side part of the mounting plate 8, the laser displacement sensor 80 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate 8, the telescopic plate 5 is provided with a sensor baffle 50 which is positioned under the laser displacement sensor 80 in a matched mode, and the control and data processing host is in communication connection with the rotary driving mechanism 6, the linear driving mechanism 7, the laser displacement sensor 80 and the industrial camera 81; the control and data processing host is used for controlling each component and carrying out relevant calculation processing on the detection result; the control and data processing host can adopt a computer with corresponding functions.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in the present embodiment, the rotary driving mechanism 6 includes a servomotor 61 provided on a mounting plate 8, a driving pulley 62 drivingly connected to an output shaft of the servomotor 61, a driven pulley 63 rotatably provided on the mounting plate 8, and a transmission belt 64 drivingly connecting the driving pulley 62 and the driven pulley 63, a pulley hole 630 is provided in a middle portion of the driven pulley 63, and a pulley ring gear 631 is fixedly provided in the pulley hole 630; the rotary shaft 60 includes a rotary shaft body 600, a thin shaft portion 602 positioned at the end of the rotary shaft body 600 and having a smaller diameter than the rotary shaft body 600, and a shoulder 601 formed between the rotary shaft body 600 and the thin shaft portion 602; the mounting plate 8 is provided with a first rotating shaft hole 83, a first rotating bearing 84 is arranged in the first rotating shaft hole 83, the rotating shaft body 600 can rotate to pass through the first rotating bearing 84, the outer ring of the first rotating bearing 84 is connected with the inner wall of the rotating shaft hole, the upper end of the inner ring of the first rotating bearing 84 is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve seat 85, the sliding sleeve seat 85 is provided with a guide sliding hole 86, the rotating shaft body 600 is fixedly sleeved with a gear sleeve 87, the gear sleeve 87 comprises a gear sleeve part 870 which is matched and inserted in the pulley gear ring 631 and meshed with the pulley gear ring 631, and a guide disc part 871 which is connected with the lower end of the gear sleeve part 870 and can be slidably inserted in the guide sliding hole 86; the telescopic plate 5 is provided with a second rotating shaft hole 52, a second rotating bearing 53 is arranged in the second rotating shaft hole 52, the thin shaft part 602 can rotate to penetrate through the second rotating bearing 53, a shaft shoulder 601 is propped against the inner ring of the second rotating bearing 53, the diameter of the second rotating shaft hole 52 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the fixed gauge body 1, and the telescopic plate 5 moves downwards to enable the upper end of the fixed gauge body 1 to be propped against downwards.
The rotary shaft body 600 is sleeved with an auxiliary spring 65, and the auxiliary spring 65 is limited between the mounting plate 8 and the expansion plate 5, so that a downward elastic force can be generated on the expansion plate 5.
The linear driving mechanism 7 is a cylinder driving mechanism or an electric push rod driving mechanism, in this embodiment, the cylinder driving mechanism is included in the linear driving mechanism 7, and the linear driving mechanism 7 includes two groups which are symmetrically arranged and are all arranged on the mounting plate 8 through the support, an output rod 70 of the linear driving mechanism 7 is connected with the telescopic plate 5 below through a driving spring 71, and the acting force of the output rod 70 is transmitted to the telescopic plate 5 through the driving spring 71 so as to drive the telescopic plate 5 to move up and down. Because the output force of the cylinder driving mechanism is influenced by factors such as air pressure and the like, on the other hand, the output force is a rigid force, and the screw hole to be detected or the screw thread detection head 4 is easy to damage when the output force is overlarge.
Three guide shafts 51 are arranged on the expansion plate 5 at intervals, a guide sliding sleeve 82 for the guide shafts 51 to pass through is arranged on the mounting plate 8, and the vertical linear motion of the expansion plate 5 can be guided through the cooperation of the guide shafts 51 and the guide sliding sleeve 82.
In the invention, the components of the rotary driving mechanism 6, the linear driving mechanism 7, the expansion plate 5 and the like are mutually matched to realize the simultaneous rotary motion and the up-down linear motion of the rotary shaft 60, so that the screw thread detection head 4 can rotate into a screw hole to be detected below and withdraw from the screw hole after the detection is completed, and the working principle of the screw thread detection head is explained below.
(1) In the process of downwards rotating into the threaded hole to be detected, the driving force of the rotary driving mechanism 6 enables the driven pulley 63 to rotate, and then the rotary shaft 60 is driven to rotate through the gear sleeve part 870 meshed with the driven pulley, in the process, the linear driving mechanism 7 synchronously works, the telescopic plate 5 is downwards pushed and pressed by the driving spring 71, the upper end of the fixed gauge body 1 is downwards pushed and pressed by the telescopic plate 5, and accordingly the rotary shaft 60 simultaneously moves downwards, at the moment, the guide disc downwards slides in the guide sliding hole 86 of the sliding sleeve seat 85, and because the guide disc can also rotate in the guide sliding hole 86, the sliding sleeve seat 85 can rotate relative to the mounting plate 8 through the first rotary bearing 84, and therefore the rotary shaft 60 can freely rotate relative to the mounting plate 8; it should be noted that, the gear sleeve portion 870 can slide up and down with respect to the pulley ring 631, and the lengths of both are set such that: the gear sleeve 870 is always engaged with the pulley ring 631 throughout the process of the threaded test head 4 entering and exiting the threaded bore to be tested.
(2) In the process of finishing detection to enable the thread detection head 4 to exit the threaded hole to be detected upwards, the servo motor 61 of the rotary driving mechanism 6 reversely rotates, meanwhile, the telescopic plate 5 is pulled upwards by the linear driving mechanism 7 through the driving spring 71, the telescopic plate 5 is contacted with the lower end face of the shaft shoulder 601 of the rotary shaft 60 through the inner ring of the second rotary bearing 53, so that an upward lifting acting force is generated on the rotary shaft 60, the rotary shaft 60 moves downwards while reversely rotating, and exits the threaded hole to be detected, and in the process, the guide disc slides upwards in the guide sliding hole 86 of the sliding sleeve seat 85.
Wherein the servo motor 61 can control the magnitude of the rotation torque through a torque mode and set an upper torque limit to prevent the workpiece from being twisted.
Referring to fig. 7 to 14, in this embodiment, the coupling gauge body 3 is connected to the fixed gauge body 1 through the anti-collision connection mechanism 2, and the anti-collision connection mechanism 2 can be automatically disconnected from the fixed gauge body 1 when an impact force exceeding an upper limit is applied. When the screw thread gauge is actually used in a factory environment, if the screw thread gauge and a workpiece are easy to collide due to programming errors, careless operation or workpiece production defects, the screw thread gauge main body part is damaged slightly under the traditional condition, and the mechanical arm and other parts of a robot are damaged seriously, so that great loss is caused. According to the invention, the anti-collision connecting mechanism 2 is arranged, so that the anti-collision connecting mechanism 2 and the fixed gauge body 1 can be automatically separated when a collision occurs, and the connecting gauge body 3 at the lower end of the anti-collision connecting mechanism 2 and the thread detection head 4 are separated from the fixed gauge body 1, so that the thread head and/or the connecting gauge body 3 can be damaged at most, the loss can be greatly reduced, and the spare thread head and/or the connecting gauge body 3 can be replaced, thereby being rapid and convenient. The specific structure and principle of the anti-collision mechanism 2 will be described in detail below.
The bottom surface of the fixed gauge body 1 is provided with a first connecting hole 10, the anti-collision connecting mechanism 2 comprises a connector 20 connected to the upper end of the connecting gauge body 3, a second connecting hole 21 formed in the middle of the connector 20, a tightening sleeve 22, a stepped locking pin hole 23, a locking pin 24, a locking spring 25, a conical locking cap 26 and a locking screw 27, wherein the upper end of the tightening sleeve 22 is connected with the fixed gauge body 1, the lower end of the tightening sleeve 22 is used for being inserted into the second connecting hole 21 in a matched mode, the lower end of the tightening sleeve is arranged in the stepped locking pin hole 23, the upper end of the locking pin 24 is slidably inserted into the first connecting hole 10, the locking spring 25 is connected between the upper end of the locking pin 24 and the upper inner wall of the first connecting hole 10, and the conical locking cap 26 is connected to the lower end of the locking pin 24.
The expansion sleeve 22 comprises an upper sleeve body 220 connected with the fixed gauge body 1, a lower sleeve part 221 connected with the lower end of the upper sleeve body 220 and movably inserted into the second connecting hole 21, a plurality of steel ball holes 222 formed on the lower sleeve part 221, and locking steel balls 223 movably arranged in the steel ball holes 222 and not capable of being separated from the steel ball holes 222; the stepped locking pin hole 23 comprises a first hole section 230 formed in the upper sleeve body 220 and a second hole section 231 formed in the lower sleeve part 221 and having a larger diameter than the first hole section 230, the conical locking cap 26 is slidably arranged in the second hole section 231 along the vertical direction, and the inner side of the locking steel ball 223 can partially extend into the second hole section 231 and be in contact with the conical surface outer wall 260 of the conical locking cap 26; the middle inner wall of the second connecting hole 21 protrudes towards the center to form an arc-shaped protruding part 210 which is in a ring shape as a whole, and the inner wall of the second connecting hole 21 below the arc-shaped protruding part 210 is recessed towards the periphery to form a steel ball clamping groove 211; after the lower sleeve part 221 is matched and inserted into the second connecting hole 21, the outer wall 260 of the conical surface of the conical lock cap 26 pushes the inner side of the locking steel ball 223 outwards, so that the outer side part of the locking steel ball 223 is matched and clamped into the steel ball clamping groove 211; when the impact force exceeding the upper limit is applied, the locking steel balls 223 can be extruded by the arc-shaped protruding parts 210 in the connector 20 and then retract into the steel ball holes 222 inwards, so that the connector 20 can be separated from the expansion sleeve 22.
The principle of the bump protection mechanism 2 will be described below.
When the connector 20 is not connected with the expansion sleeve 22, the lock pin 24 is pressed downwards against the conical lock cap 26 under the action of the locking spring 25, and the locking steel ball 223 is pressed against the conical surface outer wall 260 of the conical lock cap 26, so that a part of the outer end of the locking steel ball 223 can extend outwards out of the steel ball hole 222; when the connector 20 is connected with the expansion sleeve 22, the expansion sleeve 22 is inserted into the second connecting hole 21 of the connector 20, during the insertion process, the arc-shaped protruding part 210 inwards presses the outer end of the locking steel ball 223, so that the inner end part of the locking steel ball 223 stretches into the second hole section 231 and presses the conical locking cap 26, thereby the locking pin 24 moves upwards against the acting force of the locking spring 25 until the locking steel ball 223 passes downwards and then passes over the locking steel ball 223, the acting force born by the outer end of the locking steel ball 223 gradually disappears, and under the action of the locking spring 25, a part of the outer end of the locking steel ball 223 stretches out of the steel ball hole 222 again outwards and is matched and clamped into the steel ball clamping groove 211, so that fixed connection with certain strength between the connector 20 and the expansion sleeve 22 is realized; when the screw detection head 4 or the coupling gauge body 3 below collides and the collision effect exceeds the strength (namely the upper limit of the collision force) which can be born by the connection between the connector head 20 and the expansion sleeve 22, the collision force can cause the connector head 20 and the expansion sleeve 22 to generate a force which can promote the backward movement of the connector head 20 and the expansion sleeve 22, the connector head 20 has a downward movement trend relative to the expansion sleeve 22, under the severe collision force, the arc-shaped protruding part 210 downwards presses the locking steel balls 223, so that the locking steel balls 223 finally overcome the acting force of the locking springs 25 and retract into the steel ball holes 222, and finally, the arc-shaped protruding part 210 downwards passes through the locking steel balls 223, so that the connector head 20 is separated from the expansion sleeve 22 from the container, the coupling gauge body 3 is separated from the fixed gauge body 1, and related mechanisms above the fixed gauge body 1 can be protected.
Referring to fig. 15 to 19, in the present embodiment, the coupling gauge body 3 includes an upper connection rod 30 connected to the lower end of the connection head 20, a lower connection seat 31 connected to the upper connection rod 30, a lower mounting hole 32 opened in the lower connection seat 31, a planar floating mechanism 33 provided in the lower mounting hole 32, a floating link 34 whose upper end is connected to the lower mounting hole 32 through the planar floating mechanism 33 and whose lower end extends out of the lower mounting hole 32 and is connected to the screw detection head 4, and a position detection mechanism 35 provided on the lower connection seat 31, the lower end of the floating link 34 being connected to the screw detection head 4; the plane floating mechanism 33 comprises an upper washer 330, a first plane bearing 331, a second plane bearing 332, a driving disc 333 movably arranged in the middle of the upper washer 330 and the first plane bearing 331, four driving through grooves 334 arranged in a cross shape and arranged on the driving disc 333, two first driving pins 335 respectively arranged in the two driving through grooves 334 at opposite sides, and two second driving pins 336 respectively arranged in the other two driving through grooves 334 at opposite sides; the upper gasket 330, the first planar bearing 331 and the second planar bearing 332 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the upper end of the first driving pin 335 is connected with the upper connecting rod 30, the lower end of the first driving pin 336 is matched and inserted into the driving through groove 334 at the corresponding position, the lower end of the second driving pin 336 is connected with the floating connecting rod 34, the upper end of the second driving pin 336 is matched and inserted into the driving through groove 334 at the corresponding position, a gap is formed between the first driving pin 335 and the corresponding driving through groove 334 in a first direction in a plane, a gap is formed between the second driving pin 336 and the corresponding driving through groove 334 in a second direction in the plane, and the first direction and the second direction are mutually perpendicular, so that cross-shaped movement can be relatively carried out between the first driving pin 335 and the second driving pin 336.
Wherein, the upper end of the floating connecting rod 34 is provided with a connecting disc 340, the peripheral part of the connecting disc 340 is positioned between the first plane bearing 331 and the second plane bearing 332, the lower end of the second driving pin 336 is connected with the connecting disc 340, and the second plane bearing 332 is contacted with the bottom inner wall in the lower mounting hole 32; the bottom of the lower connecting seat 31 is provided with a floating hole 310, the outer diameter of the floating connecting rod 34 is smaller than the inner diameter of the floating hole 310, and the outer diameters of the upper gasket 330, the first planar bearing 331, the second planar bearing 332 and the connecting disc 340 are smaller than the inner diameter of the lower mounting hole 32.
The bottom of the upper connecting rod 30 is uniformly provided with a plurality of locking spring holes 300 at intervals, a first pre-tightening spring 301 is arranged in each locking spring hole 300, the bottom of each first pre-tightening spring 301 is connected with a pre-tightening steel ball 302, and the pre-tightening steel balls 302 are propped against the surface of the upper gasket 330; a lower conical groove 341 is formed in the middle of the connecting disc 340, and a movable reset steel ball 342 is cooperatively arranged on the lower conical groove 341; the middle part of the upper connecting rod 30 is provided with a second spring hole 303, a reset spring 304 is arranged in the second spring hole 303, the lower end of the reset spring 304 is connected with a reset pin 305, the middle part of the driving disc 333 is provided with a disc through hole 3330 for the reset pin 305 to pass through, and the bottom of the reset pin 305 is provided with an upper conical groove 306 which is in matched contact with the upper surface of the reset steel ball 342.
In the present invention, the planar floating mechanism 33 can transmit the torque of the coupling gauge body 3 to the floating connecting rod 34 to drive the floating connecting rod 34 to rotate, and can allow the floating connecting rod 34 to float in a small range in the lower connecting seat 31, so that when the threaded hole to be measured cannot be coaxial with the floating connecting rod 34 due to the position deviation, the threaded detection head 4 at the lower end of the floating connecting rod 34 can smoothly enter the threaded hole to be measured through the self-adaptive floating of the floating connecting rod 34, and the principles of the planar floating mechanism 33 and related matching components are described below.
Referring to fig. 17 and 19, the driving through groove 334 is a rectangular groove, and the portions of the first driving pin 335 and the second driving pin 336 inserted into the driving through groove 334 are rectangular, which are engaged with each other, so that the first driving pin 335 and the second driving pin 336 cannot rotate relative to the driving through groove 334 and can only linearly slide in one direction. When the upper connecting rod 30 rotates, the driving disc 333 is driven to rotate by the two first driving pins 335, and the driving disc 333 drives the connecting disc 340 to rotate by the two second driving pins 336, so that the torque of the upper connecting rod 30 is transmitted to the floating connecting rod 34.
The lower end of the second driving pin 336 is fixedly connected with the connecting disc 340, the upper end is matched and arranged in the driving through groove 334 in the front-back direction, and gaps exist in the front-back direction (namely the second direction), so that the second driving pin 336 can slide back and forth relative to the driving through groove 334; referring to fig. 18 and 19, the upper end of the first driving pin 335 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting rod 30, the lower end is disposed in the driving through groove 334 in the left-right direction in a matching manner, and a gap exists in the left-right direction (i.e., the first direction), so that the first driving pin 335 can slide left and right with respect to the driving through groove 334; when the floating link 34 floats in a plane, the connecting disc 340 moves back and forth, so that the second driving pin 336 slides back and forth relative to the driving disc 333, and the connecting disc 340 moves left and right, so that the driving disc 333 moves left and right together relative to the first driving pin 335, so that the first driving pin 335 and the second driving pin 336 can float in a cross-shaped manner relative to each other, i.e. the floating link 34 can float in a cross-shaped manner relative to the upper link 30.
Referring to fig. 17 and 18, the upper washer 330, the first planar bearing 331, and the second planar bearing 332 are sequentially disposed in the lower mounting hole 32 from top to bottom, the connection disc 340 of the floating link 34 is disposed between the first planar bearing 331 and the second planar bearing 332, and the elastic force of the first pre-tightening spring 301 pushes the pre-tightening steel ball 302 downward against the upper washer 330, so that the upper washer 330, the first planar bearing 331, the connection disc 340, and the second planar bearing 332 are in tight contact to maintain a pre-tightening state, and the connection disc 340 can rotate between the first planar bearing 331 and the second planar bearing 332 and float in a small plane.
The reset spring 304 generates downward pressure action on the reset pin 305, the lower end of the reset pin 305 passes through the driving disc 333 and contacts with the reset steel ball 342 through the upper conical groove 306, the lower part of the reset steel ball 342 is arranged on the lower conical groove 341 of the connecting disc 340, and the reset steel ball 342 can rotate freely, so that downward force can be continuously applied to the connecting disc 340 through the reset steel ball 342 without affecting the rotation of the connecting disc 340, and when the thread detection head 4 exits the threaded hole to be detected but the floating connecting rod 34 generates horizontal floating (the central axis of the floating connecting rod 34 and the central axis of the reset pin 305 are slightly offset), the floating connecting rod 34 is promoted to reset automatically (the central axis of the floating connecting rod 34 coincides with the central axis of the reset pin 305).
Referring to fig. 17, 20 and 21, in the present embodiment, the position detecting mechanism 35 includes four measuring holes 350 opened at the side of the lower connecting seat 31 and communicating with the lower mounting holes 32, four position measuring pins 351 respectively provided in the four measuring holes 350, a second pre-tightening spring 352 sleeved on the position measuring pins 351, a reading measuring rod 353 connected to the outer end of the position measuring pins 351 and located outside the lower connecting seat 31, and a measuring ruler 354 provided on the outer wall of the lower connecting seat 31 and located above or below the reading measuring rod 353; four measuring holes 350 are provided at the same horizontal position and are arranged at the outer circumference of the connecting disc 340 in a cross shape in the horizontal plane; the measuring hole 350 is a stepped hole and comprises a large hole section 3500 positioned at the inner side and a small hole section 3501 positioned at the outer side, the position measuring pin 351 comprises a thick pin portion 3510 which can be arranged in the large hole section 3500 in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction and a thin pin portion 3511 which is connected with the thick pin portion 3510 and can be arranged in the small hole section 3501 in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction, the outer end of the thin pin portion 3511 extends out of the small hole section 3501 and is connected with the reading measuring rod 353, the second pre-tightening spring 352 is sleeved on the thin pin portion 3511 and is positioned between the thick pin portion 3510 and the outer side inner wall of the large hole section 3500, and the inner end of the thick pin portion 3510 is contacted with the outer wall of the connecting disc 340 through a ball head portion 3512; the small hole section 3501 is a square hole, and the cross section of the thin pin portion 3511 is square matched with the small hole section 3501, so that the thin pin portion 3511 can be prevented from rotating, and the reading measuring rod 353 is a rectangular rod and can be used for conveniently reading.
The reading measuring rod 353 is provided with a reading vertical line 356, and the horizontal position offset and the offset direction of the floating connecting rod 34 are obtained by reading the scale value of the reading vertical line 356 on the measuring scale 354.
Referring to fig. 20, a leftward pressing force is generated on the thick pin portion 3510 by the second pre-tightening spring 352, so that the ball portion 3512 is always in contact with the connecting disc 340, when the cross-shaped floating of the connecting disc 340 occurs, a floating displacement can be transmitted to the ball portion 3512, a corresponding displacement of the reading vertical line 356 on the reading measuring rod 353 occurs, and the displacement can be obtained by the measuring ruler 354. When the coupling disk 340 floats toward the ball portion 3512 of the position measuring pin 351, the reading lever 353 moves outward, and the reading lever 353 of the position measuring pin 351 located at the opposite side thereof moves inward by a certain distance under the elastic force of the second pre-tension spring 352.
The two vertical displacement in the cross floating of the connecting disc 340 can be obtained by two vertical position measuring pins 351, and the average value obtained by averaging the two displacement values can reflect the position offset, so that the average value can be used as the measurement result of the position.
The second pre-tightening spring 352 makes the four ball heads 3512 generate continuous pre-tightening force to the connecting disc 340 in front-back and left-right directions, and can also provide auxiliary effect for automatic resetting of the horizontal position of the floating connecting rod 34.
In order to prevent dust from entering the inside through the measuring hole 350, in this embodiment, a transparent protective cover 355 is disposed outside the measuring hole 350, and the reading rod 353 and the measuring ruler 354 are both disposed inside the protective cover.
Referring to fig. 22, in an alternative embodiment, the reading lever 353 is replaced with a conventional rebound type contact displacement sensor 357 in contact with the thin pin portion 3511, the floating displacement of the connecting disc 340 is transmitted to the displacement sensor 357 through the position measuring pin 351, and the measurement result is directly obtained through the displacement sensor 357 without manual reading, which is more convenient and can better secure the measurement result, but increases the cost, so that the selection is made as appropriate. When the position degree measurement is performed, before the screw thread detection head 4 enters the threaded hole to be measured, the screw thread detection head 4 needs to be checked to ensure that the floating connecting rod 34 is reset, each displacement sensor 357 is in a zero position, and after the screw thread detection head 4 enters the threaded hole to be measured, the position degree measurement result of the threaded hole to be measured can be obtained through the measurement value of the displacement sensor 357.
Example 2: the detection method of the screw hole precision detection device of the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps: s1, the screw hole precision detection device is connected to a manipulator of a robot for implementing screw hole detection through a mounting plate 8, firstly, a workpiece to be detected, which is required to be subjected to screw hole detection, is photographed through an industrial camera 81, and is compared with a standard workpiece image acquired in advance so as to perform error-proofing detection, and when the error-proofing detection is passed, the screw hole detection is performed according to the following steps; the specific method for error-proofing detection comprises the following steps: 1-1, after the industrial camera 81 photographs a workpiece to be tested, which is required to be tested by a threaded hole, a control and data processing host obtains an image of the workpiece to be tested, and the image is recorded as P 0; 1-2, carrying out gray processing on the image P 0 by a control and data processing host to obtain a gray image P 1, and extracting to obtain an image P 2 containing the outer contour of the workpiece to be detected and all the contours of the threaded holes to be detected; 1-3, comparing the image P 2 with a standard image P b which is obtained in advance and contains the external contour of the standard workpiece and all the contours of the threaded holes to be detected on the standard workpiece, when the coincidence ratio of the image P 2 and the standard image P b is larger than a set threshold epsilon p, the similarity between the workpiece to be detected and the standard workpiece is high, the workpiece products with the same model can be determined, the current workpiece to be detected is judged to be qualified in error-proof detection, and otherwise, the current workpiece to be detected is judged to be unqualified in error-proof detection. Wherein, the threshold epsilon p can be 95% -99%, and can be specifically selected according to actual requirements. The external contour of the workpiece and the contour of the hole have obvious gray level difference with the main body of the workpiece, so the external contour of the workpiece and the contour of the hole, namely the image P 2, can be extracted by setting a gray level threshold value in the gray level image P 1; the coincidence ratio of the outer contour and the hole contour of the workpiece to be detected and the standard workpiece is compared, so that whether the workpiece to be detected and the standard workpiece are workpiece products with the same model can be judged, and when the coincidence ratio comparison is carried out, the coincidence ratio can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the pixels of the coincidence part of the outer contour and the hole contour to the total pixels.
S2, checking the position degree detection mechanism 35 in advance to ensure that the reading vertical line 356 on each reading measuring rod 353 is aligned with the zero scale value on the corresponding measuring ruler 354, so as to indicate that the floating connecting rod 34 is reset at the moment; then according to the route planned in advance according to the design position of the screw hole to be measured, drive the accurate detection device of screw hole through the manipulator and remove, make screw thread detection head 4 reach the measurement initial position of screw hole top to be measured, the axis of screw thread detection head 4 and the design axis coincidence of screw hole to be measured this moment, screw thread detection head 4 and screw hole to be measured have the clearance in the vertical direction, and also have the clearance between the upper end of expansion plate 5 and fixed gauge body 1.
S3, the linear driving mechanism 7 works, the telescopic plate 5 is driven to move downwards through the driving spring 71, and the linear driving mechanism stops until the driving force output by the linear driving mechanism 7 reaches the set upper limit, which indicates that the thread detection head 4 is in contact with the upper port of the threaded hole to be detected at the moment, and the vertical distance between the current laser displacement sensor 80 and the sensor baffle 50 on the telescopic plate 5 is detected through the laser displacement sensor 80 and is recorded as H 0; s4, the linear driving mechanism 7 keeps working, and the rotary driving mechanism 6 starts working to drive the thread detection head 4 to rotate, so that the thread detection head 4 moves downwards while rotating; when the torque output by the rotary driving mechanism 6 reaches the set upper limit and the screw thread detection head 4 still cannot enter the screw thread hole to be detected, the aperture of the screw thread hole to be detected is unqualified, the detection of the current screw thread hole is stopped, and the step S6 is entered; when the screw thread detection head 4 can smoothly enter the screw hole to be detected before the torque output by the rotary driving mechanism 6 reaches the set upper limit, the aperture of the screw hole to be detected is qualified; at this time, the rotation driving mechanism 6 continues to keep working until the torque output by the rotation driving mechanism 6 reaches the set upper limit, which indicates that the screw thread detection head 4 is already pressed to the bottom of the screw hole to be detected, and the vertical distance between the current laser displacement sensor 80 and the sensor baffle 50 on the expansion plate 5 is detected by the laser displacement sensor 80 and is marked as H 1; the control and data processing host acquires the detection result of the laser displacement sensor 80, and calculates to obtain a measured value delta H=H 1-H0 of the depth of the threaded hole to be detected.
S5, when the thread detection head 4 is propped against the bottom of the thread hole to be detected, acquiring a position degree parameter phi of the thread hole to be detected through a position degree detection mechanism 35, and finishing the detection of the current thread hole to be detected; s6, enabling the screw thread detection head 4 to reversely rotate, enabling the screw thread detection head 4 to simultaneously move upwards through the linear driving mechanism 7 until the screw thread detection head 4 is reset to the initial measurement position, and then detecting the screw thread hole of the next screw thread hole to be detected according to the method of the steps S2-S5 until detection of all the screw thread holes to be detected on the workpiece to be detected is completed.
The step S5 specifically includes: s5-1, taking the connecting line of the two reading measuring rods 353L X1、LX2 positioned at the opposite side as an X direction, and taking the connecting line of the other two reading measuring rods 353L Y1、LY2 as a Y direction; when the position of the threaded hole to be measured is coincident with the design position, the reading vertical lines 356 of the four reading measuring rods 353 are aligned with the zero scale on the corresponding measuring ruler; s5-2, reading scale values of the reading vertical line 356 of L X1、LX2 on the corresponding measuring scale 354, respectively, marking as x 1、x2, reading scale values of the reading vertical line 356 of L Y1、LY2 on the corresponding measuring scale 354, respectively marking as y 1、y2, and calculating position offset coordinates (delta x, delta y) of the threaded hole to be measured, wherein delta x= (x 1+x2)/2,Δy=(y1+y2)/2; the signs of Deltax and Deltay represent the offset direction and the numerical value represents the offset; s5-3, calculating the position degree parameter phi of the threaded hole to be measured,。
The measurement principle of the position measuring mechanism is described below with reference to fig. 23.
When the floating link 34 is horizontally crossed and floated, the displacement of the floating link 34 is decomposed into displacement in X, Y directions, and the two displacements can be transmitted to the position measuring pins 351 of the X axis and the Y axis and obtained by reading the scale of the reading measuring rod 353 on the measuring scale 354.
For example, when the floating link 34 reaches the measurement initial position (the axis of the screw detection head 4 coincides with the design axis of the screw hole to be measured), the projected position of the axis of the floating link 34 in the horizontal plane is Os, and the projected position of the actual central axis of the screw hole to be measured in the horizontal plane is O, O is at the upper right side of Os (with positional deviation), that is, the phase difference displacement in the X direction is Δx, and the phase difference displacement in the Y direction is Δy, when the screw detection head 4 is inserted into the screw hole to be measured downward, planar floating is generated by the floating mechanism, so that the Os point of the screw detection head 4 moves to the O point, the movement in the X direction can be obtained by reading the reading measuring bars 353 on the left and right sides, and the movement in the Y direction can be obtained by reading the reading bars 353 on the front and rear sides, so that the positional deviation of the floating link 34, that is the distance difference between the actual axis of the screw hole to be measured and the design axis, that is the positional deviation of the screw hole to be measured can be obtained.
In the invention, by arranging the plane floating mechanism 33, the thread detection head 4 can still smoothly enter the threaded hole to be detected when a certain position deviation exists in the threaded hole to be detected, so as to realize detection of the inner diameter and depth of the threaded hole; furthermore, in the invention, the detection of the position degree of the screw hole to be detected can be realized through the cooperation of the simple position degree measuring mechanism and the plane floating mechanism 33, and the position degree measuring mechanism can also assist the plane position of the screw detection head 4 to reset after the detection is completed.
It should be understood that in the present invention, the threaded holes to be detected are blind holes, and if depth detection is not required, the device of the present invention can also detect the threaded holes of the through holes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way; those skilled in the art can smoothly practice the invention as shown in the drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications, adaptations, and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings without departing from the scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.A threaded hole precision inspection device, comprising:
the screw thread detection gauge comprises a fixed gauge body, a connecting gauge body and a screw thread detection head which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the telescopic plate is positioned above the thread detection gauge and can linearly move along the vertical direction;
the rotating shaft can rotate in the vertical direction, passes through the expansion plate and is connected with the upper end of the fixed gauge body, and is used for driving the thread detection gauge to rotate;
A rotation driving mechanism for driving the rotation shaft to perform a rotation motion;
the linear driving mechanism drives the expansion plate to linearly move along the vertical direction so as to enable the thread detection gauge to linearly move downwards by pushing the upper end of the fixed gauge body through the expansion plate, and the thread detection head stretches into the threaded hole to be detected by matching with the rotation function provided by the rotating shaft;
The laser displacement sensor is used for measuring the vertical linear displacement of the expansion plate so as to realize the detection of the depth of the threaded hole to be detected;
the industrial camera is used for photographing a workpiece to be detected, which is required to be detected by the threaded hole, so as to perform error-proofing detection;
The connecting gauge body is connected with the fixed gauge body through an anti-collision connecting mechanism, and the anti-collision connecting mechanism can be automatically disconnected with the fixed gauge body when receiving impact acting force exceeding an upper limit;
The anti-collision connecting mechanism comprises a connector connected with the upper end of the connecting gauge body, a second connecting hole formed in the middle of the connector, a tightening sleeve, a stepped locking pin hole, a locking pin, a locking spring, a conical locking cap and a locking screw, wherein the upper end of the tightening sleeve is connected with the fixed gauge body, the lower end of the tightening sleeve is used for being inserted into the second connecting hole in a matched mode, the stepped locking pin hole is formed in the middle of the tightening sleeve, the lower end of the locking pin is slidably inserted into the stepped locking pin hole, the upper end of the locking pin is slidably inserted into the first connecting hole, the locking spring is connected between the upper end of the locking pin and the upper inner wall of the first connecting hole, the conical locking cap is connected with the lower end of the locking pin, and the locking screw is used for connecting the conical locking cap to the locking pin;
the expansion sleeve comprises an upper sleeve body part connected with the fixed gauge body, a lower sleeve part connected to the lower end of the upper sleeve body part and movably inserted into the second connecting hole, a plurality of steel ball holes formed in the lower sleeve part, and locking steel balls which are movably arranged in the steel ball holes and cannot be separated from the steel ball holes;
the step lock pin hole comprises a first hole section formed in the upper sleeve body part and a second hole section formed in the lower sleeve part and having a diameter larger than that of the first hole section, the conical lock cap can be slidably arranged in the second hole section along the vertical direction, and the inner side of the locking steel ball can partially extend into the second hole section and be in contact with the outer wall of the conical surface of the conical lock cap;
the inner wall of the middle part of the second connecting hole protrudes towards the center to form an arc-shaped protruding part which is annular as a whole, and the inner wall of the second connecting hole below the arc-shaped protruding part is recessed towards the periphery to form a steel ball clamping groove;
After the lower sleeve part is matched and inserted into the second connecting hole, the outer wall of the conical surface of the conical lock cap outwards pushes against the inner side of the locking steel ball, so that the outer side part of the locking steel ball is matched and clamped into the steel ball clamping groove; when the impact force exceeding the upper limit is applied, the locking steel balls can be extruded by the arc-shaped protruding parts in the connector and then retract into the steel ball holes inwards, so that the connector can be separated from the expansion sleeve;
The connecting gauge body comprises an upper connecting rod connected with the lower end of the connector, a lower connecting seat connected with the upper connecting rod, a lower mounting hole formed in the lower connecting seat, a plane floating mechanism arranged in the lower mounting hole, a floating connecting rod, the upper end of which is connected in the lower mounting hole through the plane floating mechanism, the lower end of which extends out of the lower mounting hole and is connected with the thread detection head, and a position detection mechanism arranged on the lower connecting seat, wherein the lower end of the floating connecting rod is connected with the thread detection head;
The plane floating mechanism comprises an upper gasket, a first plane bearing, a second plane bearing, a driving disc, four driving through grooves, two first driving pins and two second driving pins, wherein the upper gasket is arranged in the lower mounting hole, the first plane bearing and the second plane bearing are arranged in the lower mounting hole, the driving disc is movably arranged in the middle of the upper gasket and the first plane bearing, the driving through grooves are arranged on the driving disc in a cross shape, the two first driving pins are respectively arranged in the two driving through grooves at opposite sides, and the two second driving pins are respectively arranged in the other two driving through grooves at opposite sides;
The upper end of the first driving pin is connected with the upper connecting rod, the lower end of the first driving pin is matched with the upper connecting rod and inserted into the driving through groove at the corresponding position, the lower end of the second driving pin is connected with the floating connecting rod, the upper end of the second driving pin is matched with the upper end of the second driving pin and inserted into the driving through groove at the corresponding position, a gap is formed between the first driving pin and the corresponding driving through groove in a first direction in a plane, a gap is formed between the second driving pin and the corresponding driving through groove in a second direction in the plane, and the first direction and the second direction are mutually perpendicular, so that cross-shaped movement can be carried out between the first driving pin and the second driving pin relatively.
2. The screw hole precision detection device according to claim 1, wherein a connecting disc is provided at an upper end of the floating link, an outer peripheral portion of the connecting disc is located between a first planar bearing and a second planar bearing, a lower end of the second driving pin is connected to the connecting disc, and the second planar bearing is in contact with a bottom inner wall in the lower mounting hole;
the bottom of lower connecting seat has seted up the floating hole, the external diameter of floating connecting rod is less than the internal diameter of floating hole, the external diameter of last packing ring, first plane bearing, second plane bearing and connection disc is all less than the internal diameter of mounting hole down.
3. The precise detection device for the threaded holes according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of locking spring holes are uniformly formed in the bottom of the upper connecting rod at intervals, a first pre-tightening spring is arranged in each locking spring hole, a pre-tightening steel ball is connected to the bottom of each first pre-tightening spring, and the pre-tightening steel balls are propped against the surface of the upper gasket;
a lower conical groove is formed in the middle of the connecting disc, and a movable reset steel ball is arranged on the lower conical groove in a matched mode;
The middle part of going up the connecting rod has seted up the second spring hole, be provided with reset spring in the second spring hole, reset spring's lower extreme is connected with the reset pin, the middle part of drive disc has been seted up and has been supplied the disc through-hole that the reset pin passed, the bottom of reset pin have with the upper surface cooperation contact of reset steel ball goes up the taper groove.
4. The precise detection device for the threaded hole according to claim 3, wherein the position degree detection mechanism comprises four measuring holes which are formed in the side part of the lower connecting seat and are communicated with the lower mounting holes, four position degree measuring pins which are respectively arranged in the four measuring holes, a second pre-tightening spring sleeved on the position degree measuring pins, a reading measuring rod which is connected to the outer end of the position degree measuring pins and is positioned outside the lower connecting seat, and a measuring ruler which is arranged on the outer wall of the lower connecting seat and is positioned above or below the reading measuring rod;
The four measuring holes are arranged at the same horizontal position and are arranged at the periphery of the connecting disc in a cross shape in the horizontal plane;
The measuring hole is a stepped hole and comprises a large hole section positioned at the inner side and a small hole section positioned at the outer side, the position measuring pin comprises a thick pin part which can be arranged in the large hole section in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction and a thin pin part which is connected with the thick pin part and can be arranged in the small hole section in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction, the outer end of the thin pin part extends out of the small hole section and is connected with the reading measuring rod, the second pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the thin pin part and is positioned between the thick pin part and the outer side inner wall of the large hole section, and the inner end of the thick pin part is contacted with the outer wall of the connecting disc through a ball head part;
the small hole section is a square hole, the cross section of the thin pin part is square matched with the small hole section, and the reading measuring rod is a rectangular rod;
The reading measuring rod is provided with a reading vertical line, and the horizontal position offset and the offset direction of the floating connecting rod are obtained by reading the scale value of the reading vertical line on the measuring ruler.
5. The precise detection device for the threaded hole according to claim 4, further comprising a control and data processing host and a mounting plate positioned above the telescopic plate, wherein the industrial camera is arranged on the side part of the mounting plate, the laser displacement sensor is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate, the telescopic plate is provided with a sensor baffle which is positioned under the laser displacement sensor in a matched manner, and the control and data processing host is in communication connection with the rotary driving mechanism, the linear driving mechanism, the laser displacement sensor and the industrial camera;
The rotary driving mechanism comprises a servo motor arranged on the mounting plate, a driving belt pulley in driving connection with an output shaft of the servo motor, a driven belt pulley rotatably arranged on the mounting plate and a driving belt in driving connection with the driving belt pulley and the driven belt pulley, a belt pulley hole is formed in the middle of the driven belt pulley, and a belt pulley gear ring is fixedly arranged in the belt pulley hole;
The rotary shaft comprises a rotary shaft body and a thin shaft part which is positioned at the tail end of the rotary shaft body and has a diameter smaller than that of the rotary shaft body, and a shaft shoulder is formed between the rotary shaft body and the thin shaft part;
The mounting plate is provided with a first rotating shaft hole, a first rotating bearing is arranged in the first rotating shaft hole, the rotating shaft body can rotate to penetrate through the first rotating bearing, the outer ring of the first rotating bearing is connected with the inner wall of the rotating shaft hole, the upper end of the inner ring of the first rotating bearing is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve seat, the sliding sleeve seat is provided with a guide sliding hole, the rotating shaft body is fixedly sleeved with a gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve comprises a gear sleeve part which is matched and inserted in the pulley gear ring and meshed with the pulley gear ring and a guide disc part which is connected with the lower end of the gear sleeve part and can be slidably inserted in the guide sliding hole;
The telescopic plate is provided with a second rotating shaft hole, a second rotating bearing is arranged in the second rotating shaft hole, the thin shaft part can rotate to penetrate through the second rotating bearing, the shaft shoulder is propped against the inner ring of the second rotating bearing, and the diameter of the second rotating shaft hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the fixed gauge body, so that the telescopic plate moves downwards to exert a downward propping action on the upper end of the fixed gauge body;
An auxiliary spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft body and is limited between the mounting plate and the expansion plate;
the linear driving mechanism is a cylinder driving mechanism or an electric push rod driving mechanism, the linear driving mechanism comprises two groups which are symmetrically arranged and are arranged on the mounting plate through brackets, and an output rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the telescopic plate below through a driving spring;
At least three guide shafts are arranged on the expansion plate at intervals, and a guide sliding sleeve for the guide shafts to pass through in a matched mode is arranged on the mounting plate.
6. A method of detecting a screw hole precision detecting device according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
S1, the screw hole precision detection device is connected to a manipulator of a robot for implementing screw hole detection through the mounting plate, firstly, a workpiece to be detected, which is required to be subjected to screw hole detection, is photographed through the industrial camera, and is compared with a standard workpiece image acquired in advance, so that error prevention detection is performed, and when the error prevention detection is passed, the screw hole detection is performed according to the following steps;
S2, checking the position degree detection mechanism in advance, and ensuring that the reading vertical line on each reading measuring rod is aligned with the zero scale value on the corresponding measuring scale, so that the floating connecting rod is reset; then, driving the threaded hole precision detection device to move through a manipulator according to a path planned in advance according to the design position of the threaded hole to be detected, so that the threaded detection head reaches a measurement initial position above the threaded hole to be detected, at the moment, the central axis of the threaded detection head coincides with the design central axis of the threaded hole to be detected, a gap is reserved between the threaded detection head and the threaded hole to be detected in the vertical direction, and a gap is reserved between the telescopic plate and the upper end of the fixed gauge body;
S3, the linear driving mechanism works, the telescopic plate is driven to move downwards through the driving spring, the linear driving mechanism stops until the driving force output by the linear driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit, the fact that the thread detection head is in contact with the upper port of the threaded hole to be detected at the moment is indicated, and the vertical distance between the laser displacement sensor and the sensor baffle on the telescopic plate is detected through the laser displacement sensor and is recorded as H 0;
s4, the linear driving mechanism keeps working, and the rotary driving mechanism starts to work to drive the thread detection head to rotate, so that the thread detection head moves downwards while rotating;
When the torque output by the rotary driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit and the thread detection head still cannot enter the threaded hole to be detected, the aperture of the threaded hole to be detected is unqualified, the detection of the current threaded hole is stopped, and the step S6 is entered;
When the thread detection head can smoothly enter the threaded hole to be detected before the torque output by the rotary driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit, the aperture of the threaded hole to be detected is qualified; at this time, the rotation driving mechanism continues to work until the torque output by the rotation driving mechanism reaches the set upper limit, which indicates that the screw thread detection head is already propped against the bottom of the screw hole to be detected, and the vertical distance between the current laser displacement sensor and the sensor baffle plate on the expansion plate is detected by the laser displacement sensor and is recorded as H 1; the control and data processing host acquires the detection result of the laser displacement sensor, and calculates to obtain a measured value delta H=H 1-H0 of the depth of the threaded hole to be detected;
s5, when the thread detection head is propped against the bottom of the threaded hole to be detected, acquiring a position degree parameter phi of the threaded hole to be detected through the position degree detection mechanism, and finishing the detection of the current threaded hole to be detected;
S6, enabling the threaded detection head to reversely rotate, enabling the threaded detection head to simultaneously move upwards through the linear driving mechanism until the threaded detection head is reset to the initial measurement position, and then detecting a threaded hole of the next threaded hole to be detected according to the method of the steps S2-S5.
7. The method for detecting a precision threaded hole detection device according to claim 6, wherein the specific method for performing error-proofing detection in step S1 is as follows:
1-1, after the industrial camera photographs a workpiece to be tested, which is required to be tested by a threaded hole, the control and data processing host acquires an image of the workpiece to be tested, and the image is recorded as P 0;
1-2, carrying out gray processing on the image P 0 by the control and data processing host to obtain a gray image P 1, and extracting to obtain an image P 2 containing the outer contour of the workpiece to be detected and all the contours of the threaded holes to be detected;
1-3, comparing the image P 2 with a standard image P b which is obtained in advance and contains the external contour of the standard workpiece and all the contours of the threaded holes to be detected on the standard workpiece, judging that the current workpiece to be detected is qualified in error-proof detection when the coincidence degree of the image P 2 and the standard image P b is larger than a set threshold epsilon p, otherwise judging that the current workpiece to be detected is unqualified in error-proof detection.
8. The method for detecting a screw hole precision detecting device according to claim 7, wherein step S5 specifically comprises:
S5-1, taking the connecting line of two reading measuring rods L X1、LX2 positioned on the opposite side as the X direction, and taking the connecting line of the other two reading measuring rods L Y1、LY2 as the Y direction;
s5-2, reading scale values of reading plumb lines of L X1、LX2 on corresponding measuring scales, respectively marked as x 1、x2, reading scale values of reading plumb lines of L Y1、LY2 on corresponding measuring scales, respectively marked as y 1、y2, and calculating position offset coordinates (delta x, delta y) of the threaded holes to be measured, wherein delta x= (x 1+x2)/2,Δy=(y1+y2)/2; the signs of Deltax and Deltay represent the offset direction and the numerical value represents the offset;
S5-3, calculating the position degree parameter phi of the threaded hole to be measured, 。
CN202410087988.3A 2024-01-22 2024-01-22 Threaded hole precision detection device and detection method Active CN117606326B (en)

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