CN1175954C - 燃气轮机带冠叶片冠部阻尼面激光敷层工艺方法 - Google Patents
燃气轮机带冠叶片冠部阻尼面激光敷层工艺方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本工艺过程属于一种金属表面激光修复方法,具体方法为根据叶片形状采用相应的胎具,然后在胎具上施放粉末,可采用任一种施放方法,要求专用的合金粉末,再采用激光束往返辐照和振动扫描辐照,前后根据不同温度作前后热处理。优点:工艺方法简单,实验操作容易,不需什么特殊设备,已在三种新型发动机叶片上应用,强度好,耐磨性好,耐磨蚀,大大延长了发动机寿命,且成本低,具有很大的经济效益。
Description
本发明属于一种金属面表激光修复方法。
目前,燃气轮机广泛应用于航空飞机和地面发电等装置上,高速旋转带冠叶片,通过冠之间的相互抵紧来防止叶身摆动所引起叶榫头与伸根段大的弯曲应力,但由于在高温燃气和大的离心力作用下,导致叶冠之间的接触面即阻尼面产生腐蚀和微振磨损,使起始紧密配合装配的叶片发生松动以致摆动,严重使叶根断裂发生事故,给人身安全及维修带来很大的损失。
为解决以上技术难题,本发明的目的提供一种燃气轮机带冠叶片冠部阻尼面激光敷层工艺方法,可以用来对叶片冠部阻尼面进行硬面敷层强化处理,亦可对服役后磨损减少尺寸的叶片阻尼面进行几何尺寸恢复的修复,以达到经久耐用的目的。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:燃气轮机涡轮叶片的叶冠几何结构多种多样,有平行冠、锯齿状冠、带封严篦齿状冠,阻尼面的长短宽窄和倾角等相互不同,本发明的特征在于可对任何形状的叶片,敷层高度可达2mm,硬度HRC38~60;敷层与基材均匀的冶金结合,敷层的生长几何与阻尼面随形状并可控制,敷层材料可为Co基耐磨蚀合金和Ni基合金;亦可以Co基或Ni基的陶瓷颗粒或纤维增强的复合材料,以及稀土改性的Co基与Ni基高混合金材料;叶片的材料可以是含(Al+Ti)>7%的Ni基超合金,实现无裂纹敷层,叶片基材在激光敷层过程中受热体很小,过滤层仅为数微米,敷层的成份稀释度≤5%,激光敷层加工生产率可达200支叶片/天,产品合格率为100%,无废品,其工艺方法为:
1.根据叶片冠部阻尼面结构几何形状,采用相应的套模胎具,由套模胎具构成静态粉末和保护叶片;套模胎具的材料为Cu、Co合金、石墨、陶瓷等难熔材料并采用水冷却;同时在静态粉末床上加有稀土改性自熔性合金粉末和耐热的不与合金粉末反应的胎具,以及光解正焦辐照与胎具控制性冷却等来实现较小的辐照功率密度,获取较高的敷层和敷层的光向生长以及基材最小的热作用;
2.粉末放置方式:胶粘结法,撒粉法,坯块预置法,自动喂送粉末法,喂丝法;
3.合金粉末种类:稀土或稀土氧化物改性或陶瓷颗粒/陶瓷纤维增强的Co基或Ni基自熔与非自熔合金粉末;
4.激光照射:0.5~5KW CO2激光,20~50J固体脉冲与连续激光,扫描速度2.5~8mm/s光束往返辐照和振动扫描辐照;
5.前后热处理:前处理0~500℃,后处理500~900℃。
本发明的优点:工艺方法简单,实验操作容易,不需什么特殊设备,已在三种新型发动机叶片上应用,强度好,耐磨性好,耐磨蚀,大大延长了发动机寿命,且成本低,具有很大的经济效益。
本发明之实施例:应用航空发动机上低压涡轮二级叶片上,叶片为锯齿冠,采用钇改性Co基自熔合金粉末,铜质套模胎具,500~800W激光束辐照,100~350℃预热和700℃以后退火,粉末坯块预置,2~5mm/s扫描速度,氩气保护,获得厚0.5~1.0mm均匀敷层与基材冶金结合,无裂纹,无孔隙,无夹杂,基材热作用区为3μm,敷层硬度HRC 48~50,经过此方法修复的叶片,通过评审上天飞行,50小时飞行试验检测,激光敷层修复后的叶片的耐磨性较等离子喷涂涂层强化的新叶片提高了1.5~2.0倍,激光修复显著地提高了飞机发动机的寿命与安全可靠性。
Claims (1)
1、一种燃气轮机带冠叶片冠部阻尼面激光敷层工艺方法,其特征是工艺方法为:
(1)预热;
将叶片和粉末预热,预热温度为100~350℃;
(2)根据叶冠阻尼面结构几何形状,采用相应的套模胎具,套模胎具的材料为Cu、Co合金、石墨、陶瓷难熔材料,采用水冷却;
(3)预置粉末;
在套模胎具中预置粉末,由套模胎具及添加在其中的粉末构成静态粉末床,所述粉末采用稀土或稀土氧化物改性的、或者为陶瓷颗粒或陶瓷纤维增强的Co基或Ni基自熔与非自熔粉末,粉末预置方式为胶粘结法、撒粉法、坯块预置法、自动喂送粉末法、喂丝法;
(4)激光辐照;
采用500~800W的CO2激光,20~50J固体脉冲或连续激光,扫描速度2~5mm/s,光束往返辐照或振动扫描辐照;
(5)采用700℃退火。
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CNB00110392XA CN1175954C (zh) | 2000-05-10 | 2000-05-10 | 燃气轮机带冠叶片冠部阻尼面激光敷层工艺方法 |
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US20040086635A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-06 | Grossklaus Warren Davis | Method of repairing a stationary shroud of a gas turbine engine using laser cladding |
CN100340370C (zh) * | 2005-01-06 | 2007-10-03 | 贵州大学 | 发动机叶片铸造缺陷激光修复用合金粉末和制法及应用 |
DE102009016260A1 (de) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-07 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren beim Schweißen und Bauteil |
CN102922139A (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 上海彩石激光科技有限公司 | 净形修复系统 |
CN105479007B (zh) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-05-10 | 沈阳金研激光再制造技术开发有限公司 | 一种铸造Ti3Al系合金盘件缺陷激光焊补修复方法 |
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