CN117595458B - Program-controlled power supply circuit with charging protection function - Google Patents
Program-controlled power supply circuit with charging protection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN117595458B CN117595458B CN202410045247.9A CN202410045247A CN117595458B CN 117595458 B CN117595458 B CN 117595458B CN 202410045247 A CN202410045247 A CN 202410045247A CN 117595458 B CN117595458 B CN 117595458B
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- resistor
- triode
- power supply
- circuit
- relay
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A programmable power supply circuit with a charging protection function belongs to the technical field of power supply circuits and aims to solve the problem that after a battery is fully charged by a programmable power supply, the battery keeps a charging state continuously and is easy to back-pressure the power supply to cause damage; the invention comprises MCU module, relay, voltage-stabilizing diode and triode, etc., through the intelligent control of MCU module, realize preventing reverse connection and preventing the backflow from protecting, raise the security of the charging process, the voltage-stabilizing diode is used for preventing the influence of overvoltage to the circuit, guarantee the normal operation of the circuit, the triode plays the role of switch and control current in the circuit, ground the emitter of the triode at the same time can raise the stability of the circuit effectively; the programmable power supply circuit with the charging protection function is suitable for various devices needing to charge batteries, has higher safety and reliability, and can prolong the service life of the batteries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply circuits, in particular to a program-controlled power supply circuit with a charging protection function.
Background
A power supply is a device that converts other forms of energy into electrical energy and provides the electrical energy to a circuit (electronic device). The power source is generated by the principle of 'magnetic electricity generation', and is generated by renewable energy sources such as hydraulic power, wind power, sea tide, dam water pressure difference, solar energy and the like, and coal burning, oil residue and the like. Common power supplies are dry cell (dc) and household 110V-220V ac power supplies.
The patent CN207542995U discloses a simple step-down type programmable power supply circuit, which comprises an operational amplifier, a PMOS tube, two resistors, a capacitor and a low-pass filter. Compared with other types of programmable power circuits, the circuit materials adopted by the application file are universal and easy to obtain, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, the control method is simple, the circuit has excellent performance, and the circuit is applied to circuits needing to output an adjustable power supply. However, when the existing programmable power supply charges the battery, people often forget the charging time of the battery due to the delay of things, so that the battery is continuously charged in a full-power state, and the battery is reversely back-pressed against the power supply, so that the power supply and the battery are easily damaged.
Therefore, a programmable power supply circuit with a charging protection function is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a programmable power supply circuit with a charging protection function, and aims to solve the problem that in the background art, after a battery is fully charged by a programmable power supply, the battery is kept in a charged state continuously, and the power supply is easy to be back-pressed to cause damage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a take programmable power supply circuit of protection function that charges, including the MCU module, MCU module connecting resistance R3's one end, resistance R3's the other end is connected with triode Q12's base, triode Q12's collecting electrode is connected relay No. 5 coil interface, relay No. 2 power output interface is connected with parallelly connected back resistance R20 and resistance R16, resistance R20's the other end is connected with resistance R21, triode Q15's base is connected to the resistance R21 other end, triode Q15's collecting electrode is connected with resistance R22, and connect the detection end of the battery of waiting to charge on triode Q15's the connected node, relay No. 2 power output interface's one end is connected with resistance R15 is kept away from to resistance R16, the resistance R15 other end is connected on triode Q15's projecting pole's connected node.
Further, the No.1 interface of the relay is connected with the power input end, a diode D4 is connected between the No. 4 coil interface and the No. 5 coil interface of the relay, and the maximum working voltage of the diode D4 is 12V.
Further, a zener diode ZD1 is connected to a line node between the resistor R20 and the resistor R21, the other end of the zener diode ZD1 is connected to a connection node of the emitter of the triode Q15, and the positive electrode of the zener diode ZD1 is arranged close to the emitter of the triode Q15.
Further, a positive end B+ of the battery is connected to a connecting node of the resistor R16, which is close to one end of a No. 2 power output interface of the relay, and meanwhile, the connecting node is also connected with an OUT+ output end.
Further, a resistor R17 is connected to a connection node of the resistor R16, which is close to one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to a battery voltage detection end SNE-Bv.
Further, a zener diode ZD2 is connected to a connection node at one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the zener diode ZD2 is connected to a zener diode ZD3, and the other end of the zener diode ZD3 is connected to a connection node at the other end of the resistor R15.
Further, after the zener diode ZD2 and the zener diode ZD3 are connected in series, the anodes of the two are respectively connected with the connection nodes at two ends of the resistor R15.
Further, the resistor R15 is far away from the negative end B-of the power supply on the connection node of one end of the resistor R16, and the connection node is also connected with the OUT-output end.
Further, the resistance value of the resistor R22 is 4.7K, and one end of the resistor R22 far away from the collector of the triode Q15 is connected to a 3.3V voltage circuit.
Further, the triode Q12 and the triode Q15 are NPN type triodes of C8050 model, and the emitter of the triode Q12 and the emitter of the triode Q15 are grounded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the program-controlled power supply circuit with the charging protection function, the MCU module is used for intelligently controlling the voltage-stabilizing diode, the triode, the resistor and the like, and the influence of overvoltage on the circuit can be effectively prevented by utilizing the action of the voltage-stabilizing diode, so that the normal operation of the circuit is ensured; in addition, through the cooperation of resistance and triode, can realize the effective control to the electric current, the electric current when guaranteeing the battery and charging is in the safe range, avoids causing the harm to the battery, realizes preventing reverse connection protection and preventing flowing backward the protection, improves the security of power and battery in the charging process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the overall working principle of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the problem that the battery is easy to be damaged due to back pressure of the battery when the battery is kept in a charged state after the programmable power supply is fully charged, referring to fig. 1, the following preferred technical scheme is provided:
The utility model provides a take programmable power supply circuit of protection function that charges, including MCU module, MCU module connecting resistance R3's one end, resistance R3's resistance is 10K, resistance R3's the other end is connected with triode Q12's base, relay No. 5 coil interface is connected to triode Q12's collecting electrode, the signal ground is carried out to triode Q12's projecting pole, relay No. 2 power output interface is connected with parallelly connected back resistance R20 and resistance R16, and resistance R20 and resistance R16's resistance are 100K and 10M respectively, resistance R20's the other end is connected with resistance R21, resistance R21's resistance is 1K, triode Q15's base is connected to the other end, triode Q15's collecting electrode is connected with resistance R22, and connect the battery that waits to charge on the junction node of triode Q15's the collecting electrode, resistance R16 keeps away from relay No. 2 power output interface's one end and is connected with resistance R15, resistance R15's resistance is 510K, the resistance R15 other end is connected on the junction node of triode Q15's projecting pole, signal ground carries out.
The No.1 interface of the relay is connected with a power input end, a diode D4 is connected between the No. 4 coil interface and the No. 5 coil interface of the relay, and the maximum working voltage of the diode D4 is 12V.
A voltage stabilizing diode ZD1 is connected to a line node between the resistor R20 and the resistor R21, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode ZD1 is connected to a connection node of the emitter of the triode Q15, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode ZD1 is close to the emitter of the triode Q15.
The connecting node of the resistor R16, which is close to one end of the power output interface of the relay No. 2, is connected with the positive end B+ of the battery, and meanwhile, the connecting node is also connected with the OUT+ output end.
The connecting node of the resistor R16, which is close to one end of the resistor R15, is connected with the resistor R17, the resistance value of the resistor R17 is 1K, the other end of the resistor R17 is connected with the battery voltage detection end SNE-Bv, the resistors R15 and R17 play roles in voltage division and current limiting in a circuit, and the current of the battery during charging is ensured to be in a safety range. Meanwhile, the connection node at one end of the resistor R15 is respectively connected to the negative end B-and the OUT-output end of the power supply, so that the automatic switching of the power supply during the battery charging can be realized.
The voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is connected to the connecting node at one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is connected with the voltage stabilizing diode ZD3, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is connected to the connecting node at the other end of the resistor R15, and after the voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 and the voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 are connected in series, the voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is used for preventing the influence of overvoltage on a circuit. When the voltage exceeds the rated value of the voltage stabilizing diode, the voltage stabilizing diode can be rapidly conducted to shunt the overvoltage, so that the normal operation of the circuit is ensured.
After the zener diode ZD2 and the zener diode ZD3 are connected in series, the anodes of the two are respectively connected with the connection nodes at two ends of the resistor R15.
The connecting node of one end of the resistor R15 far away from the resistor R16 is connected with the negative end B-of the power supply, and meanwhile, the connecting node is also connected with the OUT-output end; the resistance of the resistor R22 is 4.7K, and one end of the resistor R22 far away from the collector of the triode Q15 is connected with a 3.3V voltage circuit.
The triode Q12 and the triode Q15 are NPN type triodes of C8050, and the selection of the triode Q12 and the triode Q15 is based on the excellent switching performance and amplifying performance. They mainly act as switches and control currents in the circuit. Meanwhile, the stability of the circuit can be effectively improved by grounding the emitter of the triode.
Specifically, when the power is connected to the circuit, the MCU module detects the power input state through the resistor R3. If the power supply is correctly connected, the MCU module controls the triode Q12 to be conducted, so that the relay is started, an external power supply and an internal circuit are connected, and charging is started;
When the battery is charged, the MCU module monitors the charging state through the resistors R20 and R16 and a relay No. 2 power output interface; if an abnormality (such as overvoltage or overcurrent) is detected, the MCU module can control the relay to disconnect so as to cut off the power input and realize reverse connection prevention protection.
During charging, zener diode ZD1 acts to prevent reverse current from passing through the emitter of transistor Q15. When the backward current occurs, the zener diode ZD1 is rapidly conducted, and the backward current is introduced into the ground wire, so that damage to the circuit is avoided; after the voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 and the voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 are connected in series, the voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is used for preventing the influence of overvoltage on a circuit, and when the voltage exceeds the rated value of the voltage stabilizing diode, the voltage stabilizing diode can be rapidly conducted to shunt the overvoltage, so that the normal operation of the circuit is ensured.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a take programmable power supply circuit of protection function that charges, includes MCU module, its characterized in that: the MCU module is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q12, a collector electrode of the triode Q12 is connected with a coil interface No. 5 of the relay, a power output interface No. 2 of the relay is connected with a resistor R20 and a resistor R16 which are connected in parallel, the other end of the resistor R20 is connected with a resistor R21, the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q15, a collector electrode of the triode Q15 is connected with a resistor R22, a detection end of a battery to be charged is connected to a connection node of the collector electrode of the triode Q15, one end of the resistor R16, which is far away from the power output interface No. 2 of the relay, is connected with a resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to a connection node of an emitter electrode of the triode Q15;
the No. 1 interface of the relay is connected with a power input end, a diode D4 is connected between the No. 4 coil interface and the No. 5 coil interface of the relay, and the maximum working voltage of the diode D4 is 12V; a voltage stabilizing diode ZD1 is connected to a line node between the resistor R20 and the resistor R21, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode ZD1 is connected to a connecting node of an emitter of the triode Q15, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode ZD1 is close to the emitter of the triode Q15; the resistor R16 is connected with a battery positive terminal B+ on a connecting node close to one end of a power output interface of the relay No. 2, and meanwhile, the connecting node is also connected with an OUT+ output terminal; a resistor R17 is connected to a connecting node of the resistor R16, which is close to one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R17 is connected with a battery voltage detection end SNE-Bv;
The connecting node at one end of the resistor R15 is connected with a zener diode ZD2, the other end of the zener diode ZD2 is connected with a zener diode ZD3, and the other end of the zener diode ZD3 is connected with the connecting node at the other end of the resistor R15; after the zener diode ZD2 and the zener diode ZD3 are connected in series, the anodes of the two are respectively connected with the connecting nodes at two ends of the resistor R15; the connection node of one end of the resistor R15 far away from the resistor R16 is connected with the negative end B-of the battery, and meanwhile, the connection node is also connected with an OUT-output end; the resistance value of the resistor R22 is 4.7K, and one end of the resistor R22 far away from the collector electrode of the triode Q15 is connected with a 3.3V voltage circuit; the triode Q12 and the triode Q15 are NPN type triodes with the model of C8050, and the emitting electrode of the triode Q12 and the emitting electrode of the triode Q15 are grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410045247.9A CN117595458B (en) | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-12 | Program-controlled power supply circuit with charging protection function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410045247.9A CN117595458B (en) | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-12 | Program-controlled power supply circuit with charging protection function |
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| CN117595458A CN117595458A (en) | 2024-02-23 |
| CN117595458B true CN117595458B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202410045247.9A Active CN117595458B (en) | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-12 | Program-controlled power supply circuit with charging protection function |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN206323136U (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-07-11 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | The reverse battery protection circuit and charger of a kind of charger |
| CN107706995A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-16 | 中山市电赢科技有限公司 | A kind of charging device with battery reversal connection protection function |
| CN109167413A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-08 | 佛山职业技术学院 | A kind of anti-reverse and anti-back flow circuit of battery charging |
| CN210517839U (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-05-12 | 神驰机电股份有限公司 | Charging backflow prevention circuit |
| CN210577925U (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-05-19 | 大城绿川（深圳）科技有限公司 | Novel emergency guarantee system for lead-acid storage battery |
| CN115173508A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-11 | 上海派智能源有限公司 | Multistage battery power-off circuit and electronic control system |
| CN217824249U (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-11-15 | 南京芯圣电子科技有限公司 | MCU protection system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI755343B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-02-11 | 廣達電腦股份有限公司 | Smart battery device, and electronic device thereof |
-
2024
- 2024-01-12 CN CN202410045247.9A patent/CN117595458B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206323136U (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-07-11 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | The reverse battery protection circuit and charger of a kind of charger |
| CN107706995A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-16 | 中山市电赢科技有限公司 | A kind of charging device with battery reversal connection protection function |
| CN109167413A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-08 | 佛山职业技术学院 | A kind of anti-reverse and anti-back flow circuit of battery charging |
| CN210577925U (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-05-19 | 大城绿川（深圳）科技有限公司 | Novel emergency guarantee system for lead-acid storage battery |
| CN210517839U (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-05-12 | 神驰机电股份有限公司 | Charging backflow prevention circuit |
| CN217824249U (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-11-15 | 南京芯圣电子科技有限公司 | MCU protection system |
| CN115173508A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-11 | 上海派智能源有限公司 | Multistage battery power-off circuit and electronic control system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN117595458A (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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