CN115173508A - Multistage battery power-off circuit and electronic control system - Google Patents
Multistage battery power-off circuit and electronic control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115173508A CN115173508A CN202210716405.XA CN202210716405A CN115173508A CN 115173508 A CN115173508 A CN 115173508A CN 202210716405 A CN202210716405 A CN 202210716405A CN 115173508 A CN115173508 A CN 115173508A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
- H02J7/007184—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage in response to battery voltage gradient
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage battery power-off circuit and an electric control system. The multi-stage battery power-off circuit comprises a voltage detection module, a first power-off module, a second power-off module and an MCU (microprogrammed control unit); the voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery; the MCU is connected with the battery through the first power-off module and the second power-off module and is used for controlling the discharge of the battery; the voltage detection module is used for controlling the first power-off module to be turned off when the battery voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold value and controlling the second power-off module to be turned off when the battery voltage is smaller than a second voltage threshold value; the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold; the first power-off module is used for recovering conduction when receiving a preset recovery signal. The power-off circuit can be recovered and shut down when the battery voltage is seriously undervoltage, so that the power consumption of the BMS and the BMS is reduced; when the problem of the battery pack is serious, the battery pack is turned off irrecoverably, so that the power consumption of the battery is strictly controlled, the safety is improved, the loss and the cost are reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery protection, in particular to a multi-stage battery power-off circuit and an electric control system.
Background
The existing battery power-off circuit is usually turned off after detecting that any battery of the battery pack is undervoltage, so that the connection relation between the battery pack and other electric equipment in an electric control system is disconnected, and the electric leakage from a discharge port is prevented. However, since a BMS (Battery Management System) product is closely related to a Battery pack, the existing Battery power-off circuit does not disconnect the Battery pack from the BMS, and the BMS is always in a power-consuming operation state; the design of the BMS for power consumption is highly required, and although the BMS has been designed to reduce power consumption as much as possible, it is not guaranteed that there is an abnormal increase in power consumption due to damage to components and the like.
Taking an electric bicycle as an example, possible causes of the increase of the BMS power consumption are:
1. component damage or lot variation causes an increase in BMS power consumption;
2. design negligence and test are not in place, adaptation of the whole electrical control aspects (motor, controller, BMS, meter, headlight and tail light) is not performed, the device is not completely turned off and leaks electricity or the power consumption is increased in a specific case.
Once leakage occurs, the BMS is in a high power consumption state for a long time, and the battery pack is excessively consumed and damaged after long-term use, namely, the battery pack is dead, and the battery pack must be replaced for use, so that public praise and after-sale of a company providing the battery are affected, and troubles and bad experiences are caused for terminal customers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that a BMS in the prior art is damaged due to continuous high power consumption, and provides a multi-stage battery power-off circuit and an electric control system.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a multistage battery power-off circuit, which comprises a voltage detection module, a first power-off module, a second power-off module and an MCU (micro controller Unit);
the voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery;
the MCU is connected with the battery through the first power-off module and the second power-off module and is used for controlling the discharge of the battery;
the voltage detection module is used for controlling the first power-off module to be switched off when the battery voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold value, and controlling the second power-off module to be switched off when the battery voltage is smaller than a second voltage threshold value; the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold;
the first power-off module is used for recovering conduction when a preset recovery signal is received.
Preferably, the voltage detection module includes a first voltage detection unit; the multi-stage battery power-off circuit also comprises a low-power-consumption voltage reduction module;
the power supply end of the first voltage detection unit is connected with the battery through the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module, the detection end of the first voltage detection unit is connected with the battery, and the output end of the first voltage detection unit is connected with the first power-off module and the MCU;
the first voltage detection unit is used for controlling the first power-off module to disconnect the MCU and the battery when the battery voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold value.
Preferably, the voltage detection module further comprises a second voltage detection unit;
the second voltage detection unit is used for controlling the second power-off module to disconnect the MCU and the battery when the battery voltage is smaller than the second voltage threshold.
Preferably, the second voltage detecting unit includes a first zener diode, a second zener diode, a first divider resistor, a second divider resistor, and a first triode; the second power-off module comprises a first MOS tube;
the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected with a battery, and the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is respectively connected with the base of the first triode and the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode through a first divider resistor;
the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the anode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode;
the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected in parallel with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode;
the collector of the first triode is connected with the grid of the first MOS tube;
the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the battery, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the MCU.
Preferably, the first power down module includes a first LDO (Low Dropout Regulator) voltage conversion chip;
the input end of the first LDO voltage conversion chip is connected with a battery, the output end of the first LDO voltage conversion chip is connected with the power end of the MCU, and an enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first voltage detection unit, a second voltage signal output by the first LDO voltage conversion chip, the recovery signal and a control signal output by the MCU;
the first LDO voltage conversion chip is used for being switched on and reducing the voltage of a battery when receiving any one of the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal or the recovery signal, and is switched off when receiving the control signal.
Preferably, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit further comprises an enable circuit;
the output end of the MCU is connected with the enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip through the enabling circuit;
the enabling circuit is used for adjusting the voltage of an enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip according to the control signal output by the MCU so as to enable the first LDO voltage conversion chip to be turned off.
Preferably, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit further comprises a charge detection module; the charging detection module is electrically connected with the battery through the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module;
the charging detection module is used for generating a recovery signal when the connection between the battery and the charger is detected.
Preferably, the charge detection module includes a second triode and a third triode;
an emitting electrode of the second triode is connected with a negative electrode of the charger, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with a base electrode of the third triode, and the base electrode of the second triode is grounded;
and an emitting electrode of the third triode is connected with an output end of the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module, and a collector electrode of the third triode is connected with an enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip.
Preferably, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit further comprises a voltage-reducing module;
the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module and the first power-off module are connected with the battery through the voltage reduction module.
Preferably, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit further comprises a third power-off module;
the voltage detection module further comprises a third voltage detection unit;
the third voltage detection unit is used for controlling the third power-off module to disconnect the battery and the load equipment when the battery voltage is smaller than a third voltage threshold; the third voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold.
The invention also provides an electric control system, which is characterized by comprising a battery, a BMS and the multi-stage battery power-off circuit;
the BMS is connected to the battery through the multi-stage battery power-off circuit.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the multi-stage battery power-off circuit provided by the invention, the MCU is connected with the battery through the first power-off module and the second power-off module, so that the discharging of the battery is controlled in a master mode, when the voltage detection module detects that the voltage of the battery is smaller than the first voltage threshold value, the first power-off module is controlled to be turned off to enable the MCU to be powered off temporarily, so that the MCU can be turned off in a restorable mode when the voltage of the battery is seriously undervoltage, and the power consumption of the BMS and the multi-stage battery power-off circuit is reduced; and when the battery voltage is smaller than the second voltage threshold, the second power-off module is controlled to be switched off so as to completely power off the MCU, so that when the battery pack has a great problem, the battery pack is switched off irrecoverably, the power consumption of the battery is strictly controlled, the battery pack is ensured not to be dead, the safety of the battery in the using process is improved, the loss and the cost are reduced, and the use experience of a user is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage battery power-off circuit in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a multi-stage battery power-off circuit in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first voltage detection unit in embodiment 2 of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the voltage step-down module, the low power consumption voltage step-down module, and the first power-off module in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a charge detection module in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a second voltage detection unit and a second power-down module in embodiment 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Example 1
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage battery power-off circuit in the present embodiment. Specifically, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit comprises a voltage detection module 3, a first power-off module 1, a second power-off module 2 and an MCU4.
The MCU4 is connected with the battery through the first power-off module 1 and the second power-off module 2 and is used for controlling the discharge of the battery; specifically, the conventional battery protection circuit utilizes a protection chip to store various battery protection logics, and in this embodiment, the MCU is used as a control center for switching on and off the battery circuit, and when the MCU is turned off due to a power failure, the protection chip is also in a deep-down state due to no MCU control, so that the battery cannot be charged and discharged, and the BMS is also disconnected from the battery, thereby preventing the BMS from being in a high-power consumption state for a long time.
The voltage detection module 3 is used for detecting the battery voltage; the voltage detection module 3 is used for controlling the first power-off module 1 to be turned off when the battery voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold value, and controlling the second power-off module 2 to be turned off when the battery voltage is smaller than a second voltage threshold value; the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold; the first power-off module 1 is configured to resume conducting when receiving a resume signal.
Specifically, the MCU4 is connected to the battery through the first power-off module 1 and the second power-off module 2, and when the battery voltage is within the normal operating range, both the first power-off module 1 and the second power-off module 2 are kept on; the first power-off module 1 performs first-level power-off protection on the battery, when the voltage of the battery is smaller than a first voltage threshold, the first power-off module 1 performs restorable turn-off, for example, the voltage of the battery is smaller than 2.5V (volt), at the moment, the voltage of the battery is seriously undervoltage due to too low battery capacity and is not suitable for continuously supplying power to the MCU, the protection chip and the BMS, when the first power-off module 1 receives a recovery signal, the first power-off module can be restored to be on, for example, the recovery signal can be a charging signal, and when the battery is charged, the power supply to the MCU, the protection chip and the BMS is restored; the second power-off module 2 performs second-level power-off protection on the battery, and when the battery voltage is smaller than the second voltage threshold, the second power-off module 2 is turned off, for example, the battery voltage is smaller than 2.0V, and at this time, the battery pack has a great problem and must be returned to the factory for maintenance to solve the problem, and the turning-off of the second power-off module 2 is unrecoverable.
In the multi-stage battery power-off circuit provided by the embodiment, the MCU is connected with the battery through the first power-off module and the second power-off module, so that the discharging of the battery is controlled in a master mode, when the voltage detection module detects that the voltage of the battery is smaller than a first voltage threshold value, the first power-off module is controlled to be turned off to enable the MCU to be powered off temporarily, so that the MCU can be turned off in a restorable mode when the voltage of the battery is seriously undervoltage, and the power consumption of the BMS and the multi-stage battery power-off circuit is reduced; and when the battery voltage is smaller than the second voltage threshold, the second power-off module is controlled to be switched off so as to completely power off the MCU, so that when the battery pack has a great problem, the battery pack is switched off irrecoverably, the power consumption of the battery is strictly controlled, the battery pack is ensured not to be dead, the safety of the battery in the using process is improved, the loss and the cost are reduced, and the use experience of a user is greatly improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit of the present embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, specifically:
in an alternative embodiment, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit further includes a voltage-reducing module 6; the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module 5 and the first power-off module 1 are connected with the battery through the voltage reduction module 6. The voltage reduction module 6 comprises a triode Q1, a triode Q4, a load resistor R10, a load resistor R19, a zener diode ZD2 and a zener diode ZD3, the voltage reduction module 6 performs voltage reduction processing on the battery voltage, for example, the battery pack voltage composed of 13 batteries is about 40V, and the voltage reduction module 6 outputs a voltage of about 12V. Specifically, an emitting electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with a base electrode of the triode Q1, a collecting electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with the battery pack through a load resistor R10, and a base electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with the battery pack through a load resistor R19 and is grounded through a voltage stabilizing diode ZD 3; the emitting electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module 5 and the first power-off module 1 and is grounded through a voltage stabilizing diode ZD2, and the collecting electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the battery pack.
In an optional embodiment, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit further includes a low-power step-down module 5; specifically, the low power consumption buck module 5 includes a second LDO voltage conversion chip 51, an input end VIN of the second LDO voltage conversion chip 51 is connected to the battery through the buck module 6, and an output end Vout outputs a voltage P _3V3 of 3.3V. The low power consumption voltage reduction module 5 supplies power to the first voltage detection unit 31 and the charging detection module, and the power consumption of the circuit is very low, about 20uA (microampere).
In the present embodiment, the voltage detection module 3 includes a first voltage detection unit 31; the power supply end of the first voltage detection unit 31 is connected with the battery through the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module 5, the detection end of the first voltage detection unit 31 is connected with the battery, and the output end of the first voltage detection unit 31 is connected with the first power-off module 1 and the MCU 4; the first voltage detection unit 31 is configured to control the first power-off module 1 to disconnect the MCU4 from the battery when the battery voltage is less than the first voltage threshold.
As shown in fig. 3, in an alternative embodiment, the first voltage detecting unit 31 includes a voltage comparing chip U17, a power supply terminal VCC of the voltage comparing chip U17 is connected to an output terminal of the low power consumption step-down module 5, a detecting terminal LBI of the voltage comparing chip U17 is connected to the battery through a zener diode ZD10 and a zener diode ZD11, an output terminal of the voltage comparing chip 311 is connected to the MCU4, and outputs a detecting signal UV _ Flag, for example, when the battery voltage is less than 2.5V, the voltage comparing chip U17 outputs a low-level detecting signal UV _ Flag, and when the battery voltage is greater than 2.5V, the voltage comparing chip U17 outputs a high-level detecting signal UV _ Flag.
As shown in fig. 4, in an alternative embodiment, the first power down module 1 includes a first LDO voltage converting chip U19; an input end VIN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is connected with a battery, an output end Vout of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is connected with a power end of the MCU4, and an enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is used to receive a first voltage signal output by the first voltage detection unit 31, a second voltage signal output by the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19, a recovery signal, and a control signal output by the MCU 4; the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is configured to turn on and step down the battery voltage when receiving any one of the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal, or the recovery signal, and further turn off when receiving the control signal. Specifically, the output terminal Vout of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 outputs 3.3V voltage to supply power to the MCU4, and the key of the low power consumption is to control the enabling of the enabling pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19: the detection signal UV _ Flag, the recovery signal and the second voltage signal (namely, 3.3V signal) output by the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 are separated by a diode and a resistor to form a 3-input OR circuit, as long as any one of the three signals outputs high level, the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 can be enabled to be opened, and the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is in a conducting state; however, since the second voltage signal of 3.3V is always powered after the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is enabled, after the voltage is lower than 2.5V, the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 must be forcibly turned off, and when the detection signal UV _ Flag outputs a low level, the Power _ EN pin of the MCU outputs a high level, and the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is forcibly powered off through the enable circuit 8, thereby realizing "Power-off suicide" of the MCU. It should be noted that the detection signal UV _ Flag, the recovery signal, and the control signal output by the Power _ EN pin of the MCU are instant signals for instantly changing the conduction state of the first LDO voltage converting chip U19, and the second voltage signal is a continuous high level signal after the first LDO voltage converting chip U19 is turned on, so as to ensure that the first LDO voltage converting chip U19 is always in the conduction state.
In an alternative embodiment, the multi-stage battery power down circuit further comprises an enable circuit 8; the output end of the MCU4 is connected with an enabling pin of a first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 through an enabling circuit 8; the enabling circuit 8 is configured to adjust a voltage of an enabling pin of the first LDO voltage converting chip U19 according to the control signal output by the MCU, so that the first LDO voltage converting chip U19 is turned off.
Specifically, the enabling circuit 8 includes a second MOS transistor Q38, the output terminal of the MCU4 is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor Q38, the source of the second MOS transistor Q382 is grounded, and the drain of the second MOS transistor Q38 is connected to the enabling pin of the first LDO voltage converting chip U19. The Power _ EN pin of the MCU outputs a high level, which causes the second MOS transistor Q38 of the enabling circuit 8 to be turned on, and forces the enabling pin EN of the first LDO voltage converting chip U19 to be grounded, which causes the enabling pin EN to be powered off, thereby realizing "Power-off suicide" of the MCU.
After receiving the recovery signal, for example, the battery is connected to the charger to generate the recovery signal, the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is enabled instantaneously, the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is turned on instantaneously, the MCU starts to operate, and the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 outputs 3.3V voltage to enable the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19. When the detection signal UV _ Flag is still low due to just charging and the recovery signal is still low due to the charger being removed or the MOS being turned on, the normal power supply of the MCU4 can still be maintained. It should be noted that, at this time, the battery voltage is less than the first voltage threshold but greater than the second voltage threshold, otherwise, the second stage of power-off protection is triggered. In an optional implementation manner, in the normal use process, an abnormal operation that the charger is pulled out only after the battery is connected to the charger and the battery power is still low for a short time is generally avoided, so that the MCU4 may be set to be turned on and then a control signal is not generated within a preset time to force the power-off of the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19, so that the detection signal UV _ Flag is still low due to the battery just being charged, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit does not trigger the first-stage power-off protection, and the normal power supply of the MCU4 is still maintained.
In this embodiment, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit further includes a charge detection module 7; the charging detection module 7 is electrically connected with the battery through the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module 5; the charge detection module 7 is configured to generate a recovery signal when it is detected that the battery is connected to the charger.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the charge detection module 7 includes a second transistor Q58 and a third transistor Q45; an emitter of the second triode Q58 is connected with the negative electrode of the charger, a collector of the second triode Q58 is connected with a base of the third triode Q45, and a base of the second triode Q58 is grounded; an emitting electrode of the third triode Q45 is connected with the output end of the low-power step-down module 5, and a collecting electrode of the third triode Q45 is connected with an enabling pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19. Specifically, the voltage of the charger is higher than that of the battery, the positive electrode of the battery is connected with the positive electrode of the charger, the negative electrode of the battery is grounded, the negative electrode potential of the charger is lower than the grounded potential, at this time, the second triode Q58 controls the third triode Q45 to be conducted, and the collector of the third triode Q45 sends a high-level signal CHG _ WakeUp to the enable pin EN of the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19, so that the first LDO voltage conversion chip U19 is recovered to be conducted.
In this embodiment, the voltage detection module 3 further includes a second voltage detection unit 32; the second voltage detection unit 32 is configured to control the second power-off module 2 to disconnect the MCU4 from the battery when the battery voltage is less than a second voltage threshold. The second level of power down protection is implemented by the second voltage detection unit 32 and the second power down module 2. In an alternative mode, when the battery voltage is lower than 2.0V, and the total voltage of the battery pack consisting of 13 batteries is lower than 26V, the MCU4 is completely powered off, and the protection chip is also in a deep-down state because of the absence of the control of the MCU, so that the batteries cannot be charged or discharged. At this point, the battery must be returned to the factory or charged to a higher voltage level to restore service.
As shown in fig. 6, in an alternative embodiment, the second voltage detecting unit 32 includes a first zener diode ZD8, a second zener diode ZD13, a first voltage dividing resistor R132, a second voltage dividing resistor R155, and a first transistor Q55; the second power-off module 2 comprises a first MOS transistor Q52; the cathode of the first zener diode ZD8 is connected to the battery, and the anode of the first zener diode ZD8 is connected to the base of the first triode Q55 and the cathode of the second zener diode ZD13 through a first voltage dividing resistor R132, respectively; an emitting electrode of the first triode Q55 is connected with the anode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode ZD 13; the second voltage-dividing resistor R155 is connected in parallel with the positive pole and the negative pole of the second voltage-stabilizing diode ZD 13; the collector of the first triode Q55 is connected with the gate of the first MOS transistor Q52; the source electrode of the first MOS transistor Q52 is connected with the battery, and the drain electrode of the first MOS transistor Q52 is connected with the MCU4. Specifically, the value of the first zener diode ZD8 may be used to adjust different voltage points as needed, for example, when the second voltage threshold is 2.0V, and the total voltage of the battery pack composed of 13 batteries is lower than 26V, the first zener diode ZD8 selects 24V, and the first voltage dividing resistor R132 and the second voltage dividing resistor R155 may divide the voltage by 2V, so that the first transistor Q55 controls the first MOS transistor Q52 to disconnect the battery from the MCU after the total voltage of the battery pack composed of 13 batteries is lower than 26V.
In an alternative embodiment, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit may further include a third power-off module; the voltage detection module 3 further comprises a third voltage detection unit; the third voltage detection unit is used for controlling the third power-off module to disconnect the battery and the load equipment when the battery voltage is smaller than a third voltage threshold value; the third voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold. Specifically, the third voltage detection unit and the third power down module perform regular power down protection, for example, when the battery voltage is less than 2.8V, the third voltage detection unit controls the third power down module to disconnect the battery and the load device, and the third power down module does not disconnect the BMS, the MCU, and the protection chip from the battery. This constitutes a three-stage protection of the battery.
In the multi-stage battery power-off circuit provided by the embodiment, the MCU is connected with the battery through the first power-off module and the second power-off module, the discharging of the battery is subjected to general control, when the first voltage detection unit detects that the battery voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold value, the first power-off module is controlled to be turned off so as to temporarily power off the MCU, so that the MCU can be turned off in a restorable manner when the battery voltage is seriously undervoltage, only the low-power voltage reduction module is reserved for supplying power to the charging detection module and the first voltage detection unit, the power consumption of the BMS and the multi-stage battery power-off circuit is reduced, and after the charging detection module detects that the battery is charged, the first power-off module is controlled to resume the power supply to the MCU; and when the second voltage detection unit detects that the battery voltage is smaller than the second voltage threshold value, the second power-off module is controlled to be turned off so as to enable the MCU to be powered off thoroughly, so that when the battery pack has a great problem, the battery pack is turned off irrecoverably, the power consumption of the battery is strictly controlled, the battery pack is prevented from being dead, the safety of the battery in the using process is improved, the loss and the cost are reduced, and the use experience of a user is greatly improved.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides an electric control system including a battery, a BMS, and the multi-stage battery power-off circuit of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2; the BMS is connected with the battery through the multi-stage battery power-off circuit.
According to the electric control system provided by the embodiment, the multi-stage battery power-off circuit is utilized, so that the battery can be recovered when the battery voltage is seriously undervoltage, and the power consumption of the BMS and the multi-stage battery power-off circuit is reduced; when the battery pack has a great problem, the battery pack is turned off irrecoverably, so that the power consumption of the battery is strictly controlled, the battery pack is prevented from being exhausted, the safety of the battery in the using process is improved, the loss and the cost are reduced, and the use experience of a user is greatly improved.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The multistage battery power-off circuit is characterized by comprising a voltage detection module, a first power-off module, a second power-off module and an MCU (microprogrammed control unit);
the voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery;
the MCU is connected with the battery through the first power-off module and the second power-off module and is used for controlling the discharge of the battery;
the voltage detection module is used for controlling the first power-off module to be turned off when the battery voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold value, and controlling the second power-off module to be turned off when the battery voltage is smaller than a second voltage threshold value; the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold;
the first power-off module is used for recovering conduction when a preset recovery signal is received.
2. The multi-stage battery power-off circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage detection module comprises a first voltage detection unit; the multistage battery power-off circuit also comprises a low-power consumption voltage reduction module;
the power supply end of the first voltage detection unit is connected with the battery through the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module, the detection end of the first voltage detection unit is connected with the battery, and the output end of the first voltage detection unit is connected with the first power-off module and the MCU;
the first voltage detection unit is used for controlling the first power-off module to disconnect the MCU and the battery when the battery voltage is smaller than a first voltage threshold value.
3. The multi-stage battery power down circuit of claim 2, wherein the voltage detection module further comprises a second voltage detection unit;
the second voltage detection unit is used for controlling the second power-off module to disconnect the MCU and the battery when the battery voltage is smaller than the second voltage threshold.
4. The multi-stage battery power-off circuit of claim 3, wherein the second voltage detection unit comprises a first zener diode, a second zener diode, a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor, and a first transistor; the second power-off module comprises a first MOS tube;
the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected with a battery, and the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is respectively connected with the base of the first triode and the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode through a first divider resistor;
the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the anode of the second voltage stabilizing diode;
the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected in parallel with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode;
the collector of the first triode is connected with the grid of the first MOS tube;
the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the battery, and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the MCU.
5. The multi-stage battery power down circuit of claim 3, wherein the first power down module comprises a first LDO voltage conversion chip;
the input end of the first LDO voltage conversion chip is connected with a battery, the output end of the first LDO voltage conversion chip is connected with the power end of the MCU, and an enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first voltage detection unit, a second voltage signal output by the first LDO voltage conversion chip, the recovery signal and a control signal output by the MCU;
the first LDO voltage conversion chip is used for being switched on and reducing the voltage of a battery when receiving any one of the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal or the recovery signal, and is switched off when receiving the control signal.
6. The multi-stage battery power down circuit of claim 5, further comprising an enable circuit;
the output end of the MCU is connected with the enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip through the enabling circuit;
the enabling circuit is used for adjusting the voltage of an enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip according to the control signal output by the MCU so as to enable the first LDO voltage conversion chip to be turned off.
7. The multi-stage battery power down circuit of claim 5, further comprising a charge detection module; the charging detection module is electrically connected with the battery through the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module;
the charging detection module is used for generating a recovery signal when detecting that the battery is connected with the charger.
8. The multi-stage battery power down circuit of claim 7, wherein the charge detection module comprises a second transistor and a third transistor;
an emitting electrode of the second triode is connected with a negative electrode of the charger, a collector electrode of the second triode is connected with a base electrode of the third triode, and the base electrode of the second triode is grounded;
and an emitting electrode of the third triode is connected with an output end of the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module, and a collector electrode of the third triode is connected with an enabling pin of the first LDO voltage conversion chip.
9. The multi-stage battery power down circuit of claim 2, further comprising a voltage reduction module;
the low-power-consumption voltage reduction module and the first power-off module are connected with the battery through the voltage reduction module.
10. The multi-stage battery power down circuit of claim 3, further comprising a third power down module;
the voltage detection module further comprises a third voltage detection unit;
the third voltage detection unit is used for controlling the third power-off module to disconnect the battery and the load equipment when the battery voltage is smaller than a third voltage threshold; the third voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold.
11. An electronic control system comprising a battery, a BMS, and the multi-stage battery power-off circuit of any of claims 1-9;
the BMS is connected to the battery through the multi-stage battery power-off circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210716405.XA CN115173508A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Multistage battery power-off circuit and electronic control system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210716405.XA CN115173508A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Multistage battery power-off circuit and electronic control system |
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| CN115173508A true CN115173508A (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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| CN202210716405.XA Withdrawn CN115173508A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Multistage battery power-off circuit and electronic control system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117595458A (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-02-23 | 深圳市博瑞通信技术有限公司 | Program-controlled power supply circuit with charging protection function |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 201414 Building 9, No. 3492 Guangming Qianqian Road, Qingcun Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai Applicant after: Shanghai Paizhi Energy Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201414 Building 9, No. 3492 Guangming Qianqian Road, Qingcun Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai Applicant before: Shanghai paizhi Energy Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20221011 |