CN117589664A - System and method for testing corrosion resistance of bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents

System and method for testing corrosion resistance of bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117589664A
CN117589664A CN202311566045.0A CN202311566045A CN117589664A CN 117589664 A CN117589664 A CN 117589664A CN 202311566045 A CN202311566045 A CN 202311566045A CN 117589664 A CN117589664 A CN 117589664A
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test
bipolar plate
solution
fuel cell
corrosion resistance
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史杰夫
赵叶龙
邢丹敏
孙昕
金太英
赵小平
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Sunrise Power Co Ltd
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Sunrise Power Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G01N17/02Electrochemical measuring systems for weathering, corrosion or corrosion-protection measurement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G01N17/006Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light of metals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention discloses a corrosion resistance testing system and method for a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The system comprises: a heating device; the test tank is provided with a hollow accommodating space for accommodating a test solution and a test sample, a reference electrode, a counter electrode, a temperature sensor and a condensing tube are fixedly penetrated at the top of the test tank, and the other end of the condensing tube is communicated with a gas collecting bottle; the test Chi Cebian opening is respectively connected with the liquid level pipe and the peristaltic pump, the other end of the liquid level pipe is communicated with the gas collecting bottle, and the other end of the peristaltic pump is communicated with the solution tank. The patent develops a testing system suitable for corrosion resistance evaluation of the bipolar plate of the high-temperature fuel cell, and solves the problems of inaccurate application of working potential of an electrochemical testing system at high temperature, easy volatilization of solution, concentration change of system solution, pollution to experimental environment and the like. Thereby realizing stable and long-time bipolar plate performance test at high temperature.

Description

System and method for testing corrosion resistance of bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, in particular to a corrosion resistance test of a bipolar plate. Specifically, a corrosion resistance testing system and method for a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a high-temperature environment are provided.
Background
Fuel cell bipolar plates are often required to have excellent corrosion resistance, however in high temperature fuel cell applications, the internal environmental conditions are more severe than low temperature fuel cells due to the elevated operating temperatures, which greatly increases the risk of electrochemical corrosion of the bipolar plates. In order to evaluate the corrosion resistance of bipolar plates, it is generally necessary to determine the corrosion morphology, corrosion potential, corrosion current and other parameters by an electrochemical three-electrode test system under the condition of simulating the working environment of the bipolar plates, and infer the applicability of the bipolar plates. However, for high temperature fuel cells, the temperature is usually higher than 100 ℃ during operation, which easily causes problems such as inaccurate applied test potential, volatilization of test solution system, and the like. For a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the efficiency can be effectively improved by improving the working temperature, but simultaneously, great tests are brought to the corrosion resistance of the bipolar plate, and the bipolar plate needs to be subjected to offline electrochemical corrosion test in a high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell environment. Because of the influence of high temperature, the test system has multiple instability, and accurate measurement is difficult to realize, so the development of the corrosion resistance test system capable of supporting a high temperature range is particularly important.
The Chinese patent application with publication number of CN113933366A discloses an electrochemical testing device of a bipolar plate of a fuel cell, which adopts a separation type electrolytic cell, and is connected with a reference electrode and a working electrode through a salt bridge liquid, so that the separate control of the temperature of the reference electrode and the temperature of the working electrode is realized, the required running temperature is convenient to maintain, the common calomel electrode or Ag|AgCl electrode is applied to the corrosion electrochemical test under the condition of medium and high temperature (100-200 ℃), and the long-time use of the device can be ensured to have stable performance; the circulating water cooling device is additionally arranged outside the salt bridge, so that the first electrolytic cell is kept at room temperature, the second electrolytic cell is ensured to run at high temperature through the cooperation of the thermocouple and the constant-temperature electric heating disc, and the stability of the testing environment is improved. The device is proposed to the above-mentioned patent, although can solve high temperature system bipolar plate test problem to a certain extent, still this patent has obvious not enough:
1. the difference between the reference electrode and the working electrode in the solution can cause the difference between the two electrode potentials, so that the test precision is uncontrollable.
2. The salt bridge can not be used at high temperature, and the built-in sand core of the salt bridge can obviously aggravate the seepage rate at the temperature of more than 70 ℃ generally, so that the saturated solution in the salt bridge pollutes a test system.
3. In the patent, a spherical condensation pipe is added to prevent the concentration of the solution from changing due to volatilization of the solution at high temperature. However, the test system is not completely isolated from the external environment, and the problem of chronic volatilization of the solution still exists under the conditions of longer test time and higher test temperature, especially for the condition of smaller volume of the test device. The addition of a condenser tube alone is not sufficient to completely avoid the problems associated with evaporation of the solution.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a corrosion resistance testing system and method for a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The system isolates the test system from the water vapor of the experimental environment, is provided with the condensing device, the liquid level detection device and the automatic liquid supplementing function, and avoids the problems of pollution to the experimental environment, solution loss and the like caused by volatilization of high-temperature solution. The reversible hydrogen electrode is used as a reference electrode and is in the same solution system as the working electrode, so that the problems of test potential difference and the like caused by factors such as solution temperature difference and the like are avoided. The system can meet the long-period performance evaluation of the bipolar plate in the environment of the simulated high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
a proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate corrosion resistance testing system comprising:
the heating device is used for controlling the temperature of the test pool;
the test tank is provided with a hollow accommodating space for accommodating a test solution and a test sample, a reference electrode, a counter electrode, a temperature sensor and a condensing tube are fixedly penetrated at the top of the test tank, and the other end of the condensing tube is communicated with a gas collecting bottle;
the bottom of the test pool is provided with a sample table for fixing a metal bipolar plate sample;
the test Chi Cebian opening is respectively connected with the liquid level pipe and the peristaltic pump, the other end of the liquid level pipe is communicated with the gas collecting bottle, and the other end of the peristaltic pump is communicated with the solution tank.
Further, the reference electrode is a reversible hydrogen electrode.
Further, the counter electrode is a platinum electrode or a graphite electrode.
Further, a liquid level sensor is arranged at the upper part of the liquid level pipe and is used for monitoring the liquid level of the solution in the test tank in real time.
The invention also discloses a method for testing the corrosion resistance of the bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is realized based on the system and comprises the following steps:
the periodic test cycle is carried out by using voltage excitation under the condition of 90-200 ℃ so as to simulate the long-time service environment of the bipolar plate under different working conditions under the condition of high-temperature solution;
performing corrosion current density testing under standard potential at fixed intervals to detect bipolar plate performance changes;
and determining the cut-off test time of the bipolar plate by setting the corrosion current density value and the total ion precipitation concentration value under the performance ending standard potential.
Further, the voltage excitation includes: and applying a constant potential, a variable load potential or a voltage form of the constant potential, the variable load potential or the voltage form of the variable load potential and the voltage form of the constant potential, the variable load potential or the voltage form of the variable load potential in combination to simulate the idle speed working condition, the variable load working condition or the mixed working condition of the fuel cell during operation.
Further, the method further comprises:
and when the standard potential detection is carried out, a pH tester is used for carrying out pH value detection and recording, meanwhile, after each standard potential detection is finished, a test solution is collected, and the concentration of matrix ions precipitated by the bipolar plate is detected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the system inhibits the rapid volatilization of the solution at high temperature through the modes of water vapor isolation, external cooling and the like, and simultaneously avoids the problems of solution deficiency, concentration change, environmental pollution and the like caused by the volatilization of the test solution at high temperature through the functions of real-time detection of the solution liquid level, automatic fluid infusion and the like. The system control precision of the test process is improved, and unattended operation is realized.
2. The invention uses the reversible hydrogen electrode to replace the electrode filled with saturated solution such as silver chloride, saturated calomel and the like as the reference electrode, thereby avoiding the pollution and the influence of the leakage of the filled solution on a test system. And the reference electrode and the test sample are co-located in the same high-temperature solution environment, so that potential difference generated by temperature difference or solution concentration difference is avoided, and the control precision of the test potential is improved.
3. The system can realize the bipolar plate performance and long-time durability test of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell environment under the simulated high temperature (90-200 ℃). And (3) performing long-time periodic test circulation by using voltage excitation, and simulating long-time service environments of the bipolar plate under different working conditions under the condition of high-temperature solution. Corrosion current density testing at standard potential was performed at regular intervals to detect performance changes. By setting the corrosion current density value and the ion concentration value precipitated at the performance ending standard potential, the stable corrosion resistance time of the bipolar plate can be determined.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar plate corrosion resistance test system for a PEM fuel cell according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the results of measuring the corrosion current at the standard potential every 50 hours in the examples.
In the figure: 1. heating device 2, test cell, 3, reference electrode, 4, counter electrode, 5, temperature sensor, 6, condenser pipe, 7, liquid level pipe, 8, liquid level sensor, 9, gas collection bottle, 10, test sample, 11, working electrode pole, 12, peristaltic pump, 13, solution case.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a test system for corrosion resistance evaluation of a bipolar plate of a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising: heating device 1, test cell 2, reference electrode 3, counter electrode 4, temperature sensor 5, condenser tube 6, liquid level tube 7, liquid level sensor 8, gas collection bottle 9, test sample 10, working electrode rod 11, peristaltic pump 12 and solution tank 13.
The heating device 1 refers to a device capable of continuously controlling the temperature change of a test system, in particular to a circulating water bath, an oil bath, a heating belt, a heating sheet and the like. The invention preferably adopts a heating belt device, and can realize the temperature change interval of 30-200 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the test cell 2 is made of a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, and internally holds a test solution and a test sample. The top is provided with a threaded hole and an O-shaped ring, and the device such as a reference electrode 3, a counter electrode 4, a temperature sensor 5, a condenser tube 6 and the like can be fixed by matching with a pagoda joint, so that the water vapor isolation with the external environment is realized. The side opening of the test pool 2 is connected with a liquid level pipe 7 and a peristaltic pump 12. The bottom is provided with a sample stage for holding a metal bipolar plate sample 10 and is connected to an electrochemical workstation by means of a working electrode rod 11.
As the preferred embodiment of the invention, the reference electrode 3 is a reversible hydrogen electrode, so that the phenomena of solution precipitation, potential drift and the like of other reference electrodes filled with saturated solution at high temperature can be avoided, and the phenomena of pollution of a test system and inaccurate control of the test potential are avoided.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the counter electrode 4 includes a stable electrode material usable for long-time testing, such as a platinum electrode, a graphite electrode, and the like.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the temperature sensor 5 is used for monitoring the temperature of the solution in the test tank 2 in real time, is connected with the heating device 1 in a line way and controls the heating power, so as to ensure that the system temperature reaches the test requirement and is kept constant.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, circulating cooling water is introduced into the condensation pipe 6 for condensing the test solution evaporated by the high temperature of the system, the condensed solution can flow back into the test tank 2 or flow into the gas collecting bottle 9 through the connecting pipeline, and the waste gas in the gas collecting bottle 9 is introduced outdoors through the exhaust pipeline.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a liquid level pipe 7 is connected to the test cell 2, and the internal solution is communicated. The upper part is fixed with a liquid level sensor 8, and the top end is connected with a gas collecting bottle 9 through a pipeline. The liquid level sensor 8 is used for monitoring the liquid level of the solution in the test tank 2 in real time and is connected with the peristaltic pump 12 in a line way. The peristaltic pump 12 is connected with the solution tank 13 and is used for slowly conveying the standby test solution contained in the solution tank 13, and the flow rate of the solution is controllable. When a long-time high-temperature test is performed, more condensed solution flows into the gas collection bottle 9, and a significant liquid level drop phenomenon is reflected on the liquid level pipe 7. When the liquid level drops below the liquid level sensor 8, the sensor sends instructions to the peristaltic pump to slowly replenish the standby test solution in the solution tank into the test tank.
The invention also discloses a bipolar plate corrosion resistance testing method under the high temperature condition, which uses the high temperature testing system to carry out electrochemical corrosion testing on a bipolar plate sample, uses voltage excitation to carry out long-time periodic testing circulation under the high temperature (90-200 ℃) condition, and can simulate long-time different working condition service environments of the bipolar plate under the high temperature solution condition. Corrosion current density testing at standard potential was performed at regular intervals to detect performance changes. By setting the corrosion current density value and the ion concentration value of precipitation at the performance end standard potential, the cut-off test time of the bipolar plate can be determined.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, voltage excitation refers to the application of a constant potential, a variable load potential or a combination of the constant potential and the variable load potential to a bipolar plate sample in an electrochemical test method, so as to simulate the idle speed working condition, the variable load working condition or the mixed working condition of the fuel cell during operation.
In order to determine the change in the concentration of the internal solution during the long-term operation of the test system, a pH value is measured and recorded using a pH meter when the standard potential measurement is performed.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail by the embodiment in combination with a specific system:
a test system for corrosion resistance evaluation of a metal bipolar plate of a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising: heating device 1, test cell 2, reference electrode 3, counter electrode 4, temperature sensor 5, condenser tube 6, liquid level tube 7, liquid level sensor 8, gas collection bottle 9, test sample 10, working electrode rod 11, peristaltic pump 12 and solution tank 13.
The solution tank, the peristaltic pump and the test pool are connected through pipelines; and placing the metal bipolar plate sample at the bottom of the test cell and fixing the metal bipolar plate sample so that the working electrode rod is in close contact with the sample.
The reference electrode, the counter electrode and the temperature sensor are inserted into the test tank through the reserved hole of the top cover of the test tank and are matched with the O-shaped ring and the pagoda joint for sealing and fastening. The reference electrode and the counter electrode are respectively a reversible hydrogen electrode and a platinum electrode.
The heating device is wound and fixed on the periphery of the test pool and is connected with the temperature sensor through a line. The heating device is a silica gel heating belt, and can realize temperature control at 30-200 ℃.
The liquid level pipe is connected with the reserved fixed hole site of the test tank so as to be communicated with the solution in the test tank. The liquid level sensor is arranged at a certain position on the upper part of the liquid level pipe, so that the liquid level change condition inside the liquid level pipe can be monitored in real time, and the liquid level sensor is connected with the peristaltic pump through a line. The peristaltic pump was set to deliver a solution at a rate of 20mL/min.
The top of the test pool is connected with the condensing tube in a sealing way through a pagoda joint. The outlet of the condensing tube and the top end of the liquid level tube are connected with the gas collecting bottle through the same pipeline.
And pouring proper amounts of the used test solution into the test tank and the solution box respectively, observing the liquid level condition in the test tank from the liquid level pipe, enabling the solution in the liquid level pipe to exceed 1cm of the liquid level sensor, and screwing the upper cover of the test tank for sealing. The test solution used was a mixed solution of sulfuric acid with ph=3 and 0.1ppm hydrofluoric acid.
The heating belt and the temperature sensor switch are turned on to heat the solution, and the test temperature is set to be 130 ℃. The reversible hydrogen electrode, the platinum electrode, and the working electrode are connected in sequence to an electrochemical workstation. The electrochemical corrosion test is started for a long time when the solution temperature reaches a preset temperature. When the test time is longer, the solution in the test tank is obviously missing, the liquid level in the liquid level pipe is reduced to the bottom of the liquid level sensor, and the peristaltic pump starts to slowly supplement the standby test solution in the solution tank into the test tank.
In order to evaluate the corrosion stability of the bipolar plate sample in the long-time idling condition at 130 ℃, the voltage excitation mode is constant potential polarization, the potential value is set to be 0.85V, and the single test duration is 50h. In order to monitor the corrosion resistance change of the bipolar plate sample under the system, a standard potential polarization test is carried out for 5h every 50h, and the standard potential is 1V. The lifetime of the bipolar plate reaches the end when the current density exceeds 1 muA/cm 2 at standard potential or the total precipitation concentration of Fe element reaches 300 ppb. In order to judge the concentration change condition and ion precipitation condition of the internal solution of the test system when the test system runs for a long time, a pH tester is used for pH value detection record when standard potential detection is carried out, and an appropriate amount of solution is collected for element component and concentration detection.
The bipolar plates were tested for long periods using an analog fuel cell idle potential in an acidic solution at 130 c and pH 3 and the current densities tested at standard potential were recorded every 50h and the results are shown in fig. 2. It can be seen that the current density continues to rise and at 100h node the current density value exceeds the preset end-of-life node current, indicating that the stable corrosion resistance time of the bipolar plate sample under the above test conditions is 100h.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate corrosion resistance testing system, comprising:
a heating device (1) for controlling the temperature of the test cell;
the test tank (2) is provided with a hollow accommodating space for accommodating test solution and test samples, a reference electrode (3), a counter electrode (4), a temperature sensor (5) and a condenser tube (6) are fixedly penetrated at the top of the test tank (2), and the other end of the condenser tube (6) is communicated with a gas collecting bottle (9);
a sample table for fixing the metal bipolar plate sample (10) is arranged at the bottom of the test pool (2);
the test Chi Cebian opening is respectively connected with the liquid level pipe (7) and the peristaltic pump (12), the other end of the liquid level pipe (7) is communicated with the gas collection bottle (9), and the other end of the peristaltic pump (12) is communicated with the solution tank (13).
2. The bipolar plate corrosion resistance testing system for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the reference electrode (3) is a reversible hydrogen electrode.
3. A bipolar plate corrosion resistance testing system for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein said counter electrode (4) is a platinum electrode or a graphite electrode.
4. The corrosion resistance testing system of a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a liquid level sensor (8) is arranged at the upper part of the liquid level pipe (7), and the liquid level sensor (8) is used for monitoring the liquid level of a solution in the testing tank (2) in real time.
5. A method for testing corrosion resistance of a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, based on the system implementation of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
the periodic test cycle is carried out by using voltage excitation under the condition of 90-200 ℃ so as to simulate the long-time service environment of the bipolar plate under different working conditions under the condition of high-temperature solution;
performing corrosion current density testing under standard potential at fixed intervals to detect bipolar plate performance changes;
and determining the cut-off test time of the bipolar plate by setting the corrosion current density value and the total ion precipitation concentration value under the performance ending standard potential.
6. The method for testing the corrosion resistance of a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 5, wherein said voltage excitation comprises: and applying a constant potential, a variable load potential or a voltage form of the constant potential, the variable load potential or the voltage form of the variable load potential and the voltage form of the constant potential, the variable load potential or the voltage form of the variable load potential in combination to simulate the idle speed working condition, the variable load working condition or the mixed working condition of the fuel cell during operation.
7. The method for testing the corrosion resistance of a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell as recited in claim 5, further comprising:
and when the standard potential detection is carried out, a pH tester is used for carrying out pH value detection and recording, meanwhile, after each standard potential detection is finished, a test solution is collected, and the concentration of matrix ions precipitated by the bipolar plate is detected.
CN202311566045.0A 2023-11-22 2023-11-22 System and method for testing corrosion resistance of bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Pending CN117589664A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117607025A (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-02-27 未势能源科技有限公司 System and method for testing corrosion resistance of metal bipolar plate of fuel cell

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117607025A (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-02-27 未势能源科技有限公司 System and method for testing corrosion resistance of metal bipolar plate of fuel cell
CN117607025B (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-05-14 未势能源科技有限公司 System and method for testing corrosion resistance of metal bipolar plate of fuel cell

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