CN117588493B - Radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic suspension motor for air compressor - Google Patents
Radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic suspension motor for air compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117588493B CN117588493B CN202410079359.6A CN202410079359A CN117588493B CN 117588493 B CN117588493 B CN 117588493B CN 202410079359 A CN202410079359 A CN 202410079359A CN 117588493 B CN117588493 B CN 117588493B
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 35
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0444—Details of devices to control the actuation of the electromagnets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0468—Details of the magnetic circuit of moving parts of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0489—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of five degrees of freedom, e.g. two radial magnetic bearings combined with an axial bearing
- F16C32/0491—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of five degrees of freedom, e.g. two radial magnetic bearings combined with an axial bearing with electromagnets acting in axial and radial direction, e.g. with conical magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and a magnetic suspension motor for an air compressor, which relate to the technical field of multi-stage air compression, wherein the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing comprises a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the first fixing part is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of a rotor of a permanent magnet motor and is positioned on the first side of a rotor thrust disc, and a first axial magnetic pole and a first radial magnetic pole are arranged on the first fixing part; the second fixed part is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor and is positioned on the second side of the rotor thrust disk, the second axial magnetic pole is arranged on the second fixed part, the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are used for respectively providing axial acting force in opposite directions for the rotor thrust disk, the first radial magnetic pole is used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor, the axial extension length of the permanent magnet motor rotor used for being matched with the magnetic bearing can be correspondingly shortened through the integrated structural design of the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole, and then the first-order critical rotating speed of the permanent magnet motor rotor can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multistage air compression, in particular to a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and a magnetic suspension motor for an air compressor.
Background
Compared with the traditional low-speed motor, the high-speed motor has the advantages of high rotating speed, high power density and the like, can be directly connected with a high-speed load, saves the traditional mechanical gear speed increasing device, has obvious energy-saving effect, can be widely applied to high-speed occasions such as a blower, a compressor, a machine tool main shaft and the like, and has wide market prospect. The mechanical bearings, oil film bearings, air bearings and magnetic suspension bearings are commonly used for supporting the high-speed motor, wherein the mechanical bearings are limited by contact friction and abrasion and cannot work for a long time; the oil film bearing needs a special oil circulation system, has a complex structure, and often has faults such as oil leakage and the like, so that the normal operation of equipment is influenced; compared with the two, the air bearing can realize the non-contact suspension support of the rotor, has low air viscosity, does not need additional air supply equipment, and is more suitable for supporting a high-speed motor, but has higher environmental requirements and lower bearing rigidity, and cannot bear a large-inertia rotor. Compared with the former three bearings, the magnetic bearing eliminates friction and abrasion, does not need lubrication, can realize on-line active control of rotor vibration, improves the running stability of a system, and is an ideal supporting component for the development of high-speed rotating power machinery in the future.
The magnetic suspension air compressor adopts a double-impeller coaxial integrated direct connection structure, can compress air step by step, converts electric energy into pneumatic energy, can save energy by 30%, can be widely applied to various fields of building materials, chemical industry, food, medicine, textile, paper making and the like, and is one of ideal air compression modes in the future. However, at present, the magnetic suspension air compressor is limited by factors such as the structure and the materials of a rotor, and the first-order critical rotation speed is low, so that the design pressure of the magnetic suspension air compressor is low, and the magnetic suspension air compressor can only meet the application in some low-pressure fields. Meanwhile, as the rotor control system is more redundant and complex, when the rotating speed of the magnetic suspension air compressor is close to the first-order critical rotating speed area of the rotor, the stability and the reliability of the system are low, and the application of the magnetic suspension air compressor is limited.
Therefore, how to increase the first-order critical rotation speed of the rotor of the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing for improving the first-order critical rotation speed of a magnetic suspension motor rotor for an air compressor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor including the radial-axial integrated magnetic levitation bearing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing for supporting a permanent magnet motor rotor, one end of the permanent magnet motor rotor is provided with a rotor thrust disc, comprising:
the first fixing part is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor and positioned on the first side of the rotor thrust disc, and a first axial magnetic pole and a first radial magnetic pole are arranged on the first fixing part;
the second fixing part is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor and located on the second side of the rotor thrust disk, a second axial magnetic pole is arranged on the second fixing part, the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are used for providing axial acting force for the rotor thrust disk, and the first radial magnetic pole is used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor.
Optionally, in the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, the first fixing portion is of an annular structure, the first axial magnetic poles and the first radial magnetic poles are arranged on a plurality of inner rings of the first fixing portion at intervals, a first axial winding is arranged on the first axial magnetic poles, and a first radial winding is arranged on the first radial magnetic poles.
Optionally, in the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, the second fixing portion is of an annular structure, an annular groove is formed in one side, facing the first fixing portion, of the second fixing portion, a second axial winding is arranged in the annular groove, the annular groove and the second fixing portion are concentrically arranged, and two side walls of the annular groove are the second axial magnetic poles.
Optionally, in the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, a surface of the first axial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk is a first surface, a surface of the first radial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk is a second surface, and the first surface is closer to the rotor thrust disk than the second surface.
Optionally, in the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, a distance between the first surface and the second surface is 5mm±0.5mm.
Optionally, in the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, an area of a side surface of the first axial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk is a first area, an area of a side surface of the second axial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk is a second area, and a size of the second area is five times a size of the first area.
Optionally, in the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, the first radial magnetic pole is used for forming a first air gap with the circumferential outer wall of the permanent magnet motor rotor, and the size of the first air gap is 0.4mm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the first axial magnetic pole is used for forming a second air gap with the rotor thrust disk, the second axial magnetic pole is used for forming a third air gap with the rotor thrust disk, and the sizes of the second air gap and the third air gap are all 0.5mm.
A magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor, comprising:
the permanent magnet motor rotor is provided with a rotor thrust disc at a first end;
the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing is the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part are sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor and are respectively positioned on two sides of the rotor thrust disc;
the radial magnetic bearing is arranged at the second end of the permanent magnet motor rotor, and a second radial magnetic pole is arranged on the radial magnetic bearing and used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor.
Optionally, in the magnetic suspension motor for an air compressor, a heat dissipation hole is perforated on the permanent magnet motor rotor, and the heat dissipation hole is arranged along the extending direction of the permanent magnet motor rotor.
Optionally, in the magnetic suspension motor for an air compressor, a spiral groove is formed on an inner wall of the heat dissipation hole, and the spiral groove is arranged along an extending direction of the rotor of the permanent magnet motor.
The radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing is used for supporting a permanent magnet motor rotor, one end of the permanent magnet motor rotor is provided with a rotor thrust disc, the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing comprises a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the first fixing part is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor in a non-contact manner and is positioned on the first side of the rotor thrust disc, and a first axial magnetic pole and a first radial magnetic pole are arranged on the first fixing part; the second fixing part is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of the rotor of the permanent magnet motor in a non-contact mode and is positioned on the second side of the rotor thrust disk, a second axial magnetic pole is arranged on the second fixing part, the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are used for respectively providing axial acting force in opposite directions for the rotor thrust disk, and the first radial magnetic pole is used for providing radial acting force for the rotor of the permanent magnet motor.
The first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are respectively arranged at two sides of the rotor thrust disk, the axial position of the rotor thrust disk can be ensured to be stabilized between the first fixing part and the second fixing part by controlling the electromagnetic force of the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole, and then the stability of the axial position of the rotor of the permanent magnet motor is ensured, and the first radial magnetic pole is used for providing radial electromagnetic force for the rotor of the permanent magnet motor so as to ensure the stability of the radial position of the rotor of the permanent magnet motor.
Compared with the prior art, the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole of the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing are arranged on the first fixing part, namely the existing axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing are arranged into an integrated structure, so that the functional integrated design of the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing is realized, and compared with the supporting scheme of the axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing, the axial extension length of the permanent magnet motor rotor for being matched with the magnetic bearing is shortened correspondingly, the first-order critical rotation speed of the permanent magnet motor rotor is improved, the permanent magnet motor rotor can rotate in a higher working rotation speed interval, the design and production requirements of a magnetic suspension air compressor high-pressure ratio model are met, the number of the magnetic bearings is reduced, and the stability and the reliability of the magnetic suspension air compressor operation can be improved.
The invention provides a magnetic suspension motor for an air compressor, which comprises a permanent magnet motor rotor, the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and the radial magnetic bearing, wherein a rotor thrust disc is arranged at the first end of the permanent magnet motor rotor, the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing is arranged at the first end of the permanent magnet motor rotor, a first fixing part and a second fixing part are sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor and are respectively positioned at two sides of the rotor thrust disc, and the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are both used for providing electromagnetic force for the rotor thrust disc so as to ensure the stability of the axial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor in the rotating process. The radial magnetic bearing is arranged at the second end of the permanent magnet motor rotor, a second radial magnetic pole is arranged on the radial magnetic bearing and used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor, and the stability of the radial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor can be ensured through the cooperation of the first radial magnetic pole and the second radial magnetic pole which are positioned at the two ends of the permanent magnet motor rotor.
Compared with the prior art, the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor provided by the invention adopts a non-contact suspension supporting technology, so that mechanical friction and abrasion are eliminated, the number of magnetic bearings is reduced, the axial extension length of the rotor of the permanent magnet motor is shorter, the first-order critical rotating speed is higher, the structure of the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor is more compact, and the operation reliability is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stationary part of a magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and a permanent magnet motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is a left auxiliary bearing mounting seat, 2 is a left displacement sensor assembly, 3 is a radial magnetic bearing assembly, 4 is a motor housing, 5 is a permanent magnet high-speed motor stator, 6 is a radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly, 7 is a right axial displacement sensor assembly, 8 is a right auxiliary bearing mounting seat, and 9 is a permanent magnet motor rotor;
601 is an axial stator core, 602 is a second axial winding, 603 is a radial-axial integrated stator core, 604A is a +x-axis first axial winding, 604B is a-x-axis first axial winding, 604C is a +y-axis first axial winding, 604D is a-y-axis first axial winding, 605A is a +x-axis first radial winding, 605B is a-x-axis first radial winding, 605C is a +y-axis first radial winding, and 605D is a-y-axis first radial winding;
901 is the motor rotor dabber, 902 is left displacement sensor left end cover, 903 is left displacement sensor silicon steel sheet, 904 is left displacement sensor right-hand member, 905 is left radial magnetic bearing left end cover, 906 is left radial magnetic bearing silicon steel sheet, 907 is left radial magnetic bearing right-hand member, 908 is the motor rotor sleeve, 909 is the motor rotor permanent magnet, 9010 is rotor thrust disk, 9011 is right displacement sensor silicon steel sheet, 9012 is right displacement sensor end cover.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a magnetic suspension motor for an air compressor, which is a radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing for improving the first-order critical rotation speed of a motor rotor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor including the radial-axial integrated magnetic levitation bearing.
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments shown below do not limit the summary of the invention described in the claims. The whole contents of the constitution shown in the following examples are not limited to the solution of the invention described in the claims. For convenience of description, only a portion related to the present invention is shown in the drawings. Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is used for supporting a permanent magnet motor rotor 9, one end of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is provided with a rotor thrust disk 9010, the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing comprises a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the first fixing part is used for being sleeved on an outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 in a non-contact manner and is positioned on a first side of the rotor thrust disk 9010, and a first axial magnetic pole and a first radial magnetic pole are arranged on the first fixing part; the second fixing portion is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 in a non-contact mode and is located on the second side of the rotor thrust disk 9010, a second axial magnetic pole is arranged on the second fixing portion, the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are used for providing axial acting force in opposite directions for the rotor thrust disk 9010 respectively, and the first radial magnetic pole is used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor 9.
The first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are respectively used as installation bases and are used for being arranged on a static portion of an air compressor motor, the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are respectively arranged on two sides of the rotor thrust disc 9010, the axial position of the rotor thrust disc 9010 can be ensured to be stabilized between the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion through controlling the electromagnetic force of the first axial magnetic pole and the electromagnetic force of the second axial magnetic pole, and then the stability of the axial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is ensured, and the first radial magnetic pole is used for providing radial electromagnetic force for the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 so as to ensure the stability of the radial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9. The radial-axial integrated magnetic shaft disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can realize the non-contact suspension support of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9.
Compared with the prior art, the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole of the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing disclosed by the embodiment of the invention are arranged on the first fixing part, namely the existing axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing are arranged into an integrated structure, so that the functional integrated design of the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing is realized, and compared with the supporting scheme of the axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing, the axial extension length of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 for being matched with the magnetic bearing is shortened correspondingly, the first-order critical rotation speed of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be improved, the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can rotate in a higher working rotation speed interval, the design production requirement of a magnetic suspension air compressor high-pressure ratio model is met, the number of the magnetic bearings is reduced, and the stability and the reliability of the magnetic suspension air compressor operation can be improved.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the first fixing portion is of an annular structure, the first axial magnetic poles and the first radial magnetic poles are arranged on a plurality of inner rings of the first fixing portion at intervals, first axial windings are arranged on the first axial magnetic poles, and first radial windings are arranged on the first radial magnetic poles.
As shown in fig. 3, the second fixing portion is also in an annular structure, an annular groove is formed in one side of the second fixing portion facing the first fixing portion, a second axial winding 602 is arranged in the annular groove, the annular groove and the second fixing portion are concentrically arranged, and the two side walls of the annular groove form the second axial magnetic pole. The electromagnetic force of each magnetic pole can be controlled by adjusting the number of turns of the first axial winding, the first radial winding and the second axial winding and the current.
The first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole can both generate attractive force for attracting the rotor thrust disk 9010, so that the stability of the axial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be ensured, and when the axial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is deviated, the axial acting force on the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the current in the first axial winding and the second axial winding, so that the stability of the axial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is ensured. Meanwhile, the stability of radial stress of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be maintained through the first radial magnetic pole.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole are all a plurality of inner rings arranged at intervals on the first fixing portion, and the first axial magnetic pole, the first radial magnetic pole and the first fixing portion form a radial-axial integrated stator core 603 of the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, so that the sharing of the axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing to the stator core is realized, and the integrated design of the axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing structure is realized. The radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be kept uniform in air gap by utilizing the forward/reverse superposition of the bias magnetic field generated by the bias current and the control magnetic field generated by the control current, so that the non-contact suspension support of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is realized.
Referring to fig. 3, the second axial magnetic pole and the second fixing portion constitute an axial stator core 601.
The radial-axial integrated stator core 603 and the axial stator core 601 may be made of the same material, and the first radial winding may be cured to the first radial magnetic pole by epoxy resin glue, the first axial winding may be fixed to the first axial magnetic pole by epoxy resin glue, and the second axial winding may be fixed to the second axial magnetic pole by epoxy resin glue.
The surface of the first axial magnetic pole facing the side of rotor thrust disk 9010 is defined as a first surface, and the surface of the first radial magnetic pole facing the side of rotor thrust disk 9010 is defined as a second surface, such that the first surface is closer to rotor thrust disk 9010 than the second surface to prevent radial magnetic flux from forming a closed loop through rotor thrust disk 9010. With reference to fig. 4, by means of the discrete differential design of the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole, the magnetic force of the first axial magnetic pole and the magnetic force of the first radial magnetic pole can be decoupled, and the control of the axial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be realized by using common mode current.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the first surface and the second surface may be spaced apart by a distance of (5±0.5) mm, i.e., the first axial magnetic pole is closer to the rotor thrust disk 9010 than the first radial magnetic pole, and the distance difference is (5±0.5) mm. According to the magnetic path reluctance minimum principle, when the first radial magnetic pole is far from the rotor thrust disk 9010, the reluctance is too large, an axial magnetic flux is not formed, only a radial magnetic flux can be formed, and a radial acting force is generated, while the magnetic pole surface of the first axial magnetic pole (the surface of the first axial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk 9010, that is, the first surface) is small from the rotor thrust disk 9010, the reluctance is small, an axial magnetic flux can be formed, and an axial acting force is generated.
The surfaces of the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole facing away from the side of rotor thrust disk 9010 may be coplanar.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, a first air gap is formed between a surface of the first radial magnetic pole facing the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 (i.e., a surface facing away from the first fixing portion) and a circumferential outer wall of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, and the first air gap is 0.4mm, a second air gap is formed between the first axial magnetic pole and the rotor thrust disk 9010, and the second air gap is 0.5mm.
The magnetic pole area of the magnetic pole, the number of turns of the winding and the current in the winding can cause different electromagnetic forces, and the electromagnetic forces of the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic bearing can be of the same magnitude by reasonably designing the magnetic pole areas of the first axial winding and the second axial winding and designing the first axial winding and the second axial winding.
In an embodiment, the area of the surface of the first axial magnetic pole facing the side of the rotor thrust disk 9010 (the area of the first surface) is defined as a first area, the area of the surface of the second axial magnetic pole facing the side of the rotor thrust disk 9010 (the surfaces of the two side walls of the annular groove facing the rotor thrust disk 9010) is defined as a second area, and the second area is five times the size of the first area. The first axial winding is an enameled wire with the wire diameter of 0.95mm, and the number of turns is 250-300 turns; the second axial winding is an enameled wire with the wire diameter of 0.95mm, and the number of turns is 112-134. The first radial winding is an enameled wire with the wire diameter of 0.2mm, and is wound in double strands, and the number of turns is 150-200.
The larger the wire diameter of the winding is, the smaller the resistance is, and the resistance of the winding can be reduced by adopting a double-strand parallel winding mode.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment, the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole are equally spaced from each other on the inner ring of the first fixing portion, and the number of the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole is four.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the number of the first radial magnetic poles may be four or a multiple of four, so as to implement translational control and deflection control of two radial degrees of freedom of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, and the setting position of the first axial magnetic pole may avoid the setting position of the first radial magnetic pole, which may not be four or a multiple of four.
The magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor disclosed by the embodiment of the invention comprises a permanent magnet motor rotor 9, the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and the radial magnetic bearing, wherein a rotor thrust disc 9010 is arranged at the first end of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing is arranged at the first end of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, the first fixing part and the second fixing part are sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 and are respectively positioned at two sides of the rotor thrust disc 9010, and the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are both used for providing electromagnetic force for the rotor thrust disc 9010 so as to ensure the stability of the axial position in the rotation process of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9. The radial magnetic bearing is arranged at the second end of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, and a second radial magnetic pole is arranged on the radial magnetic bearing and used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, and the stability of the radial position of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be ensured through the cooperation of the first radial magnetic pole and the second radial magnetic pole which are positioned at the two ends of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9.
With reference to fig. 3 and fig. 6, the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can decouple the magnetic force of the first axial magnetic pole from the magnetic force of the first radial magnetic pole through the discrete differential design of the first axial magnetic pole and the first radial magnetic pole, and realizes the axial position control of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 by using common mode current. The translational control of the two radial degrees of freedom of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be realized by using common mode current of the first radial magnetic pole and the second radial magnetic pole, and meanwhile, the deflection control of the two radial degrees of freedom of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be realized by using differential mode current of the first radial magnetic pole and the second radial magnetic pole.
Compared with the prior art, the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor disclosed by the embodiment of the invention adopts a non-contact suspension supporting technology, so that mechanical friction and abrasion are eliminated, the number of magnetic bearings is reduced, the axial extension length of the rotor 9 of the permanent magnet motor is shorter, the first-order critical rotating speed is higher, the structure of the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor is more compact, and the operation reliability is higher.
Furthermore, the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor disclosed by the embodiment of the invention adopts a coaxial integrated direct connection structure, and the rotor 9 of the permanent magnet motor is directly connected with the impeller without using a multi-stage speed increasing device, so that the compactness of the structure is further improved, and the operation requirement of the air compressor for high speed and high power density can be met.
Referring to fig. 1, the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor comprises a static part and a rotating part, wherein a permanent magnet motor rotor 9 belongs to the rotating part, and the static part comprises a left auxiliary bearing mounting seat 1, a left displacement sensor assembly 2, a radial magnetic bearing assembly 3, a motor shell 4, a permanent magnet high-speed motor stator 5, a radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6, a right axial displacement sensor assembly 7 and a right auxiliary bearing mounting seat 8.
The radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 and the radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6 are respectively disposed at two ends of the motor housing 4, the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 includes the radial magnetic pole bearing, the radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6 includes the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing, the first axial magnetic pole, the first radial magnetic pole and the first fixing portion of the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing assembly 6 form a radial-axial integrated stator core 603, and the second axial magnetic pole and the second fixing portion form an axial stator core 601 of the radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6.
With reference to fig. 2, the left auxiliary bearing mount 1 is disposed on one side of the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 away from the radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6 by a fastener such as a screw, and is embedded into an inner hole of the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3, the left displacement sensor assembly 2 is disposed between the left auxiliary bearing mount 1 and the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 and is fixed to the inner hole of the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 by the fastener such as the screw, and the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 is disposed in the inner hole of the first end of the motor housing 4 and is fixed to the motor housing 4 by the screw.
The right axial displacement sensor assembly 7 is arranged on one side of the radial-axial integrated three-freedom-degree magnetic bearing assembly 6, far away from the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3, through fasteners such as screws, and is embedded into an inner hole of the radial-axial integrated three-freedom-degree magnetic bearing assembly 6, the radial-axial integrated three-freedom-degree magnetic bearing assembly 6 is arranged in an inner hole of the second end of the motor shell 4 and is fixed with the motor shell 4 through the screws, the right auxiliary bearing mounting seat 8 is arranged on the end face of the radial-axial integrated three-freedom-degree magnetic bearing assembly 6, far away from the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3, through fasteners such as screws, and is embedded into the inner hole of the radial-axial integrated three-freedom-degree magnetic bearing assembly 6, and the right axial displacement sensor assembly 7 is positioned between the radial-axial integrated three-freedom-degree magnetic bearing assembly 6 and the right auxiliary bearing mounting seat 8. The left and right axial displacement sensor assemblies 2, 7 include position sensors for detecting a positional displacement of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 and/or speed sensors for detecting a movement speed of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9.
The permanent magnet high-speed motor stator 5 is arranged in the middle position inside the motor shell 4, is fixed on the motor shell 4 through hot-set interference fit, and does not interfere with the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 and the radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6.
Referring to fig. 1, the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 sequentially passes through the middle positions of the inner holes of the left auxiliary bearing mounting seat 1, the left displacement sensor assembly 2, the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3, the permanent magnet high-speed motor stator 5, the radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6, the right axial displacement sensor assembly 7 and the right auxiliary bearing mounting seat 8 in the axial direction, and an approximately cylindrical air gap is formed between the left auxiliary bearing mounting seat 1, the left displacement sensor assembly 2, the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3, the permanent magnet high-speed motor stator 5, the radial-axial integrated three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing assembly 6, the right axial displacement sensor assembly 7 and the right auxiliary bearing mounting seat 8 and the circumferential outer wall surface of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9.
In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 5, a rectangular coordinate system is established by using the axial direction of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 as the z axis, four first radial magnetic poles are respectively disposed at positions of the first fixing portion where the x axis and the y axis are deflected clockwise by 22.5 ° in the positive and negative directions, and four first axial magnetic poles are respectively disposed at positions of the first fixing portion where the x axis and the y axis are deflected anticlockwise by 22.5 ° in the positive and negative directions.
Correspondingly, with reference to fig. 3 and 4, the four first axial magnetic poles are wound with +x-axis first axial windings 604A, -x-axis first axial windings 604B, +y-axis first axial windings 604C and-y-axis first axial windings 604D, respectively; the four first radial magnetic poles are wound with +x-axis first radial winding 605A, -x-axis first radial winding 605B, +y-axis first radial winding 605C, and-y-axis first radial winding 605D, respectively.
In an embodiment, eight second radial magnetic poles are arranged at equal intervals on the inner ring of the radial magnetic bearing, the arrangement positions of the second radial magnetic poles are in one-to-one correspondence with the arrangement positions of the four first radial magnetic poles and the four first axial magnetic poles, and the second radial windings on the second radial magnetic poles are also in one-to-one correspondence with the first axial windings and the first radial windings, so that the positions of the magnetic poles are guaranteed to be corresponding and the coordinates are unified, and meanwhile, the impeller is arranged at one end, close to the radial magnetic bearing, of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, compared with the first radial magnetic poles, more second radial magnetic poles can better maintain the stability of the radial positions of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, and the influence of impeller bias on the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is reduced.
Specifically, when the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic pole faces (the surfaces facing the rotor thrust disk 9010) of the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are equal to the air gap of the rotor thrust disk 9010, the electromagnetic attraction force at each magnetic pole face is equal, and the axial electromagnetic resultant force applied to the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is zero; the magnetic pole faces (the surfaces facing the circumferential outer wall of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9) of the first radial magnetic pole and the second radial magnetic pole are equal to the size of the air gap of the circumferential outer wall of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9, and the resultant radial force born by the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is zero.
Taking translational control in the z-axis direction as an example, with reference to fig. 3, when the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 deviates from the equilibrium position in the positive z-axis direction, the air gap between the magnetic pole face of the first axial magnetic pole and the rotor thrust disk 9010 becomes large, the air gap between the magnetic pole face of the second axial magnetic pole and the rotor thrust disk 9010 becomes small, and by increasing the current of the first axial winding and decreasing the current of the second axial winding, electromagnetic resultant force in the negative z-axis direction can be generated to adjust the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 to return to the equilibrium position; when the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 deviates from the equilibrium position in the negative z-axis direction, the air gap between the magnetic pole face of the first axial magnetic pole and the rotor thrust disk 9010 becomes smaller, and the air gap between the magnetic pole face of the second axial magnetic pole and the rotor thrust disk 9010 becomes larger, and by reducing the current of the first axial winding and increasing the current of the second axial winding, electromagnetic resultant force in the positive z-axis direction can be generated to adjust the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 to return to the equilibrium position.
The deflection control of the two radial degrees of freedom of the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 can be realized by utilizing the differential mode current of the diagonal poles of the first radial magnetic pole and the second radial magnetic pole, and the control mode is similar to the translational control in the z-axis direction, and is not repeated here.
With reference to fig. 3, the positions of the first and second fixed portions relative to the rotor thrust disk 9010 may be interchanged.
In one embodiment, the size of the air gap formed between rotor thrust disk 9010 and the first and second axial magnetic poles is 0.5mm; the size of the air gap between the first and second radial poles and the circumferential outer wall of the motor rotor mandrel 901 is 0.4mm.
The radial-axial integrated stator core 603, the axial stator core 601 and the rotor thrust disk 9010 are all made of 1J22 bar materials or electrical pure iron DT4C materials with high saturation magnetic density, and the magnetic conduction effect is better.
Referring to fig. 6, an outer ring of a middle position of a motor rotor mandrel 901 is sleeved with a motor rotor permanent magnet 909, the motor rotor permanent magnet 909 corresponds to a position of a permanent magnet high-speed motor stator 5, an outer ring of the motor rotor permanent magnet 909 is sleeved with a motor rotor sleeve 908, so that the motor rotor permanent magnet 909 and the motor rotor mandrel 901 are fixed in position, and a rotor thrust disc 9010 is arranged at one end of the motor rotor sleeve 908.
In one embodiment, the left displacement sensor assembly 2 comprises an inductive displacement sensor, and a left displacement sensor silicon steel sheet 903 is arranged at one end of the motor rotor mandrel 901 far away from the rotor thrust disk 9010, and in combination with fig. 1 and 6, when the motor rotor mandrel 901 is in the balance position, the left displacement sensor silicon steel sheet 903 is in a position corresponding to the inductive displacement sensor, so that the displacement change of the motor rotor permanent magnet 909 can be guided to the inductive displacement sensor.
As shown in fig. 6, the left-shift sensor silicon steel sheet 903 is pressed and fixed on the motor rotor mandrel 901 through the left-shift sensor left end cover 902 and the left-shift sensor right end cover 904 provided on both sides of the left-shift sensor silicon steel sheet 903, and the left-shift sensor silicon steel sheet 903, the left-shift sensor left end cover 902 and the left-shift sensor right end cover 904 are all provided on the outer ring of the motor rotor mandrel 901.
The left radial magnetic bearing silicon steel sheet 906 is arranged at one end of the motor rotor mandrel 901 far away from the rotor thrust disk 9010, and the left radial magnetic bearing silicon steel sheet 906 is pressed and fixed between the left radial magnetic bearing left end cover 905 and the left radial magnetic bearing right end cover 907 and corresponds to the position of the radial magnetic bearing assembly 3 and is used for guaranteeing the supporting effect on the motor rotor mandrel 901, and the left radial magnetic bearing silicon steel sheet 906, the left radial magnetic bearing left end cover 905 and the left radial magnetic bearing right end cover 907 are all arranged on the outer ring of the motor rotor mandrel 901.
The right displacement sensor silicon steel sheet 9011 corresponds to the position of the right axial displacement sensor assembly 7, is pressed on one side of the rotor thrust disk 9010 far away from the left radial magnetic bearing silicon steel sheet 906 by the right displacement sensor end cover 9012, the right displacement sensor silicon steel sheet 9011 and the right displacement sensor end cover 9012 are both arranged on the outer ring of the motor rotor mandrel 901, and the right displacement sensor silicon steel sheet 9011 is used for guiding displacement changes of the motor rotor permanent magnet 909 to the right axial displacement sensor assembly 7.
The left displacement sensor silicon steel sheet 903, the left radial magnetic bearing silicon steel sheet 906 and the right displacement sensor silicon steel sheet 9011 are all made of high-saturation magnetic density 1J22 sheet or silicon steel sheet, and the motor rotor permanent magnet 909 is made of neodymium-iron-boron alloy or cobalt-shirt alloy hard magnetic material and is magnetized in a radial parallel mode.
Referring to fig. 6, a heat dissipation hole is formed in the motor rotor core shaft 901 in a penetrating manner, and the heat dissipation hole is formed along the extending direction of the motor rotor core shaft 901, that is, the motor rotor core shaft 901 is of a hollow rotor structure, so that ventilation and heat dissipation are achieved, and the reliability and stability of the operation of the magnetic levitation high-speed motor are improved.
Further, a spiral groove is formed in the inner wall of the heat dissipation hole, the spiral groove is arranged along the extending direction of the heat dissipation hole, in the running process of the motor rotor mandrel 901, cooling air can move along the motor rotor mandrel 901 under the action of the spiral groove, and the running temperature of the magnetic suspension motor for the air compressor is reduced. And compared with the through holes, the spiral grooves can enable the gas to generate spiral lifting force along the spiral line direction, so that the gas flow is quickened, and the cooling effect on the permanent magnet motor rotor 9 is better.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. Radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing for supporting permanent magnet motor rotor (9), one end of permanent magnet motor rotor (9) is provided with rotor thrust disk (9010), its characterized in that includes:
the first fixing part is used for being sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9) and positioned on the first side of the rotor thrust disc (9010), and a first axial magnetic pole and a first radial magnetic pole are arranged on the first fixing part;
the second fixing part is sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9) and is positioned at the second side of the rotor thrust disc (9010), a second axial magnetic pole is arranged on the second fixing part, the first axial magnetic pole and the second axial magnetic pole are used for providing axial acting force for the rotor thrust disc (9010), and the first radial magnetic pole is used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor (9);
the first fixing part is of an annular structure, the first axial magnetic poles and the first radial magnetic poles are circumferentially spaced and alternately arranged on a plurality of inner rings of the first fixing part, first axial windings are arranged on the first axial magnetic poles, and first radial windings are arranged on the first radial magnetic poles;
the surface of the first axial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk (9010) side is a first surface, the surface of the first radial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk (9010) side is a second surface, and the first surface is closer to the rotor thrust disk (9010) than the second surface, so that the first radial magnetic pole is prevented from forming axial magnetic flux.
2. The radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second fixing portion has a ring-shaped structure, an annular groove is formed in a side of the second fixing portion facing the first fixing portion, a second axial winding (602) is disposed in the annular groove, the annular groove and the second fixing portion are concentrically arranged, and two side walls of the annular groove are the second axial magnetic poles.
3. A radial and axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first surface and said second surface are spaced apart by a distance of 5mm ± 0.5mm.
4. The radial and axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of the side surface of the first axial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk (9010) is a first area, the area of the side surface of the second axial magnetic pole facing the rotor thrust disk (9010) is a second area, and the size of the second area is five times the size of the first area.
5. Radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the first radial magnetic pole is used for forming a first air gap with the circumferential outer wall of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9), and the size of the first air gap is 0.4mm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the first axial magnetic pole is used for forming a second air gap with the rotor thrust disk (9010), the second axial magnetic pole is used for forming a third air gap with the rotor thrust disk (9010), and the sizes of the second air gap and the third air gap are both 0.5mm.
6. A magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor, comprising:
a permanent magnet motor rotor (9), a first end of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9) being provided with a rotor thrust disc (9010);
the radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing is as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first fixing part and the second fixing part are sleeved on the outer ring of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9) and are respectively positioned on two sides of the rotor thrust disc (9010);
the radial magnetic bearing is arranged at the second end of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9), and a second radial magnetic pole is arranged on the radial magnetic bearing and is used for providing radial acting force for the permanent magnet motor rotor (9).
7. A magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that the permanent magnet motor rotor (9) is perforated with heat dissipation holes, which are provided along the extension direction of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9).
8. A magnetic levitation motor for an air compressor according to claim 7, wherein a spiral groove is formed on the inner wall of the heat dissipation hole, and the spiral groove is disposed along the extending direction of the permanent magnet motor rotor (9).
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| CN202410079359.6A CN117588493B (en) | 2024-01-19 | 2024-01-19 | Radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic suspension motor for air compressor |
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| CN202410079359.6A CN117588493B (en) | 2024-01-19 | 2024-01-19 | Radial-axial integrated magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic suspension motor for air compressor |
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Inventor after: Li Yongsheng Inventor after: Shao Zefeng Inventor after: Xie Yuju Inventor after: Li Zhiyu Inventor after: Zhang Haigang Inventor after: He Xiaohong Inventor before: Li Yongsheng Inventor before: Shao Zefeng Inventor before: Xie Yuju Inventor before: Li Zhiyu Inventor before: Zhang Haigang Inventor before: He Xiaohong |