CN117578621A - Control method of grid-built inverter - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of inverter control, in particular to a grid-built inverter control method, which comprises the steps of obtaining a floating interval model and an exceeding model according to collected data, then carrying out change analysis on the floating interval model, obtaining the limit slope and the average slope of all the floating interval models according to slope change in the floating interval model, and then respectively determining a limit floating interval and an average floating interval according to the numerical distribution condition of the limit slope and the average slope; and then processing the standard exceeding model according to the same original model, determining a dangerous floating interval and a dangerous average interval, and finally determining the current value monitored in real time according to an analysis object, thereby determining the control mode adopted at present, being capable of flexibly making proper decisions according to different conditions and past data performances and being capable of more effectively carrying out flexible control of the grid-built inverter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inverter control, in particular to a grid-built inverter control method.
Background
The Grid-formed (GFM) control strategy is a control strategy capable of enabling a converter to support a power Grid under the condition of no synchronous generator, and is mainly used for simulating the power generation characteristics and frequency synchronization mechanism of the synchronous generator to realize a self-synchronization function and outputting a given voltage amplitude and phase. Unlike conventional on-grid inverters, which regulate active and reactive power injection by controlling active and reactive currents, the grid-type inverter controls injection power by regulating the amplitude and phase of the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) voltage. The response of the grid-connected inverter to the power grid fault is quite different from the response of the grid-connected inverter, the grid-connected inverter can respond to any power grid event quickly in time, and the current actual running condition of the grid-connected inverter needs to be detected in real time. Although this fast response is superior to the grid-connected inverter, and can maintain the grid-connected operation state when the power grid fails, in practical application, the current of the inverter increases rapidly due to the power grid failure, which causes an overcurrent problem, because the grid-connected control is represented by a voltage source characteristic. The conventional synchronous generator can support current which is 7 times as high as rated current, but the grid-structured inverter can only process 20% -50% of overcurrent, so that fault current limiting measures of the grid-structured inverter are needed to be considered.
The current limiting measures of the current grid-structured inverter generally adopt a control type switching mode, for example, when the current does not exceed an allowable value, grid-connected operation of grid-structured control is maintained, when a fault is detected, the current grid-structured inverter is switched to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation, the operation mode cannot better play the role of the grid-structured inverter, the power grid fault sometimes only has a temporary problem, the current is temporarily overflowed, the upper limit is not reached, but the corresponding control method makes strain, and therefore the actual use of the current grid-structured inverter is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling a grid-type inverter, which solves the problem that the conventional control type switching method cannot perform the function of the grid-type inverter better.
Based on the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling a grid-formed inverter, comprising the steps of:
s1, taking a grid-structured inverter as an analysis object, taking a circuit in which the grid-structured inverter is positioned as a target object, acquiring all fault conditions of the target object in a target period, and obtaining a fault current climbing model of each fault;
s2, screening from fault current climbing models according to the maximum current value which can be born by an analysis object, namely the bearing upper limit, marking the fault current climbing model with the current highest value not lower than a set quantization line and smaller than the bearing upper limit as a floating interval model, and marking the fault current climbing model with the current highest value not lower than the bearing upper limit as an exceeding standard model;
s3, analyzing the floating interval model to obtain the limit slope and average slope of all the floating interval models;
s4, determining a limit floating interval and a uniform floating interval respectively according to the numerical distribution conditions of the limit slope and the uniform slope of the floating interval model;
s5, analyzing the exceeding model to obtain limit slopes and average slopes of all the exceeding models, wherein the limit slopes of the exceeding model are the maximum slopes before the occurrence of the set upper limit current of the analysis object;
s6, respectively determining a dangerous floating interval and a dangerous average interval according to the numerical distribution conditions of the limit slope and the average slope of the exceeding model and in the same way in the step S4;
and S7, monitoring the real-time condition of the analysis object, obtaining the real-time current of the analysis object and the instantaneous growth speed of the current, and generating a switching signal when the real-time current of the analysis object reaches the preset maximum current corresponding to the interval according to the interval where the instantaneous growth speed is highest, so as to switch the analysis object to a power grid following mode or off-grid operation.
Preferably, the target period is a period from the current time to six months ago.
Preferably, in step S1, the obtaining manner of the fault current climbing model includes:
when the target object fails, the two preset unit time periods are pushed reversely, then the real-time current of the target object is obtained once every unit time period, and X is continuously obtained 1 Time period of X 1 Is a preset value;
drawing a graph of time and a real-time current value to obtain a corresponding target object fault current climbing model.
Preferably, the preset value X in step S1 1 The method meets the requirement of monitoring the target object until the real-time current reaches the highest value and returns to normal, or after the real-time current reaches the highest value, the current is reduced to the median stage of the normal current and the current corresponding to the highest value.
Preferably, in step S2, the quantization line is set to 0.8 times the bearing upper limit.
Preferably, in step S3, the method for obtaining the limiting slope and the average slope of all the floating interval models includes:
s31, selecting a floating interval model, obtaining the maximum value of the current, and marking the maximum value as an upper limit value;
s32, obtaining a point where the maximum slope in the floating interval model is located, and marking the point as a limit slope;
s33, acquiring the slope when the current value changes from the initial current value to the upper limit current value in the floating interval model, and marking the slope as average slope;
processing the rest floating interval models in steps S31-S33 to obtain the limit slope and average slope of all the floating interval models, which are G respectively i ，i=1、...、n，P i ，i=1、...、n，G i And P i N is expressed as there being n limit slopes and average slopes in a one-to-one correspondence.
Preferably, the method for determining the limit floating interval and the uniform floating interval in the step S4 is as follows:
s41, acquisition of G i Is marked as the mean value of (2)P, calculating the offset value W of Gi using the following formula:
；
s42, if W is smaller than X 2 When G is to i If not, executing step S43;
s43 according to |G i -P| from big to small, selecting |G i -G corresponding to the maximum P% i Delete the G i The value and recalculate the remaining G in step S41 i W value of (c);
s44, judging whether W is smaller than X 2 If not, repeating step S43 until W is less than X 2 Obtain the deleted G i The number of values is divided by n to obtain a deletion duty ratio, if the deletion duty ratio is lower than X 3 Will remain G i The range from the minimum value to the maximum value in the values is marked as a limit floating interval, otherwise the value is according to the original G i The minimum value and the maximum value of the (b) are used for determining a limit floating interval;
the same distance pair P as in steps S41-S44 i Processing is performed, and the obtained result is marked as a uniform floating zone.
Preferably, step S7 specifically includes:
when the instantaneous growth speed of the real-time current only reaches the uniform floating interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 95 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous increasing speed of the real-time current reaches the limit floating interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 90 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous increasing speed of the real-time current reaches the dangerous average interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 85 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous growth speed of the real-time current reaches the dangerous floating interval at the highest, a switching signal is generated when the current value reaches 80 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and the analysis object is switched to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation.
Preferably, in step S6, the instantaneous growth rate is at most specifically the maximum value of the instantaneous growth rate before the current rises to 80% of the maximum current that can be tolerated by the analysis object.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can divide the limit floating interval, the uniform floating interval, the dangerous floating interval and the dangerous uniform interval, thereby determining the control mode adopted at present according to the current value monitored by the analysis object in real time, making proper decision according to different conditions and past data expression, and more effectively carrying out flexible control of the grid-built inverter.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only of the invention and that other drawings can be obtained from them without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of a grid-tied inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be taken in a general sense as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also be changed when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for controlling a grid-tied inverter, including the steps of:
s1, taking a grid-structured inverter as an analysis object, taking a circuit in which the grid-structured inverter is positioned as a target object, acquiring all fault conditions of the target object in a target period, and obtaining a fault current climbing model of each fault, wherein in the embodiment, the target period is set to be a period from the current time to the current time by six months, namely, a period from six months to the current time, and other times can be adopted, specifically, the current time can be set by an administrator, when the target object is faulty, the current is firstly pushed forward for two unit periods, then the current is acquired once in every unit period, and then the current of the target object is acquired once every unit period, so that X is continuously acquired 1 Time period of X 1 At a preset value X 1 The method comprises the steps of monitoring a target object until the real-time current reaches the highest value, and recovering the real-time current to be normal, or after the real-time current reaches the highest value, reducing the real-time current to a median stage of the normal current and the current corresponding to the highest value; the specific duration of a time period is set by an administrator, then a graph between a time point and a real-time current value is drawn, a fault current climbing model corresponding to a target object is obtained, and then the fault current climbing model of each time in the target period is obtained.
S2, screening from fault current climbing models according to the maximum current value which can be born by an analysis object, namely the bearing upper limit, marking the fault current climbing model with the current highest value not lower than a set quantization line and smaller than the bearing upper limit as a floating interval model, marking the fault current climbing model with the current highest value not lower than the bearing upper limit as an out-of-standard model, wherein the specific screening method is as follows:
firstly, obtaining the highest current value which can be born by a corresponding analysis object, marking the highest current value as a bearing upper limit, marking a numerical value obtained after the bearing upper limit is multiplied by 0.8 as a quantization line, and removing all the highest current values lower than the quantization line in a fault current climbing model;
marking the highest current value in the fault current climbing model as a floating interval model, wherein the highest current value is not lower than a quantization line and is smaller than a bearing upper limit;
the remaining fault current ramp model is marked as an out-of-standard model.
S3, analyzing the floating interval model to obtain the limit slope and the average slope of all the floating interval models, wherein the specific analysis modes are as follows:
s31, selecting a floating interval model, obtaining the maximum value of the current, and marking the maximum value as an upper limit value;
s32, obtaining a point where the maximum slope in the floating interval model is located, and marking the point as a limit slope;
s33, acquiring the slope when the current value changes from the initial current value to the upper limit current value in the floating interval model, and marking the slope as average slope;
s34, processing the rest all floating interval models in the steps S31-S33 to obtain the limit slope and average slope of all floating interval models, wherein the limit slope and average slope are G respectively i ，i=1、...、n，P i ，i=1、...、n，G i And P i N is expressed as there being n limit slopes and average slopes in a one-to-one correspondence.
S4, respectively determining a limit floating interval and a uniform floating interval according to the numerical distribution conditions of the limit slope and the uniform slope of the floating interval model, wherein the step of determining the limit floating interval and the uniform floating interval specifically comprises the following steps:
s41: the mean value of Gi is obtained, and is marked as P, and then the offset value W of Gi is calculated by using the formula:
；
s42: when W is less than or equal to X2, the interval from the minimum value to the maximum value of Gi is automatically marked as a limit floating interval;
otherwise, the corresponding Gi values are selected in sequence automatically according to the mode of |Gi-P| from large to small, each selected Gi value is deleted, the rest Gi W value is automatically calculated, if the W value is larger than X2, the next Gi value is selected in sequence, the W value is recalculated after deletion until the W value is smaller than or equal to X2, the number of the deleted Gi values is obtained, the deleted Gi values are divided by n to obtain a deletion duty ratio, if the deletion duty ratio is lower than X3, the range from the minimum value to the maximum value in the rest Gi values is marked as a limit floating interval, otherwise, the limit floating interval is determined according to the minimum value and the maximum value in the original Gi;
where X2 and X3 are both preset values;
s43: obtaining a limit floating interval;
s44: pi is processed according to the same principle as in steps S41-S43, and the final result is marked as a uniform floating zone.
S5, analyzing the exceeding model to obtain limit slopes and average slopes of all the exceeding models, wherein the limit slopes of the exceeding model are the maximum slopes before the occurrence of the set upper limit current of the analysis object, and the specific analysis mode comprises the following steps:
s51, selecting an exceeding model, obtaining the maximum value of the current, and marking the maximum value as an upper limit current value;
s52, obtaining a point where the maximum slope in the standard exceeding model is located, and marking the point as a limit slope;
s53, acquiring the slope of the superscalar model when the current value changes from the initial current value to the upper limit current value, and marking the slope as average slope;
s54, processing the rest of the standard exceeding models in steps S51-S53 to obtain the limit slope and average slope of all the standard exceeding models, which are G respectively i ’，i=1、...、n’，P i ’，i=1、...、n’，G i ' and P i ' is a one-to-one correspondence and n ' is expressed as the existence of n ' limit slopes and average slopes.
For example, the upper limit current of the analysis object set as described above is 95% of the maximum current that the analysis object can withstand.
S6, respectively determining a dangerous floating interval and a dangerous average interval according to the numerical distribution conditions of the limit slope and the average slope of the exceeding model and in the same way in the step S4;
s7, monitoring the real-time condition of the analysis object, obtaining the real-time current of the analysis object and the instantaneous growth speed of the current, generating a switching signal when the real-time current of the analysis object reaches the preset maximum current corresponding to the interval according to the interval with the highest instantaneous growth speed, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or off-grid operation, wherein the specific analysis process is as an implementation mode:
when the instantaneous growth speed of the real-time current only reaches the uniform floating interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 95 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous increasing speed of the real-time current reaches the limit floating interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 90 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous increasing speed of the real-time current reaches the dangerous average interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 85 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous growth speed of the real-time current reaches the dangerous floating interval at the highest, a switching signal is generated when the current value reaches 80 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and the analysis object is switched to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation.
The partial data in the formula are all obtained by removing dimension and taking the numerical value for calculation, and the formula is a formula closest to the real situation obtained by simulating a large amount of collected data through software; the preset parameters and the preset threshold in the formula are set according to actual conditions or are obtained through mass data simulation.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the invention, the steps may be implemented in any order and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling a grid-formed inverter, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, taking a grid-structured inverter as an analysis object, taking a circuit in which the grid-structured inverter is positioned as a target object, acquiring all fault conditions of the target object in a target period, and obtaining a fault current climbing model of each fault;
s2, screening from fault current climbing models according to the maximum current value which can be born by an analysis object, namely the bearing upper limit, marking the fault current climbing model with the current highest value not lower than a set quantization line and smaller than the bearing upper limit as a floating interval model, and marking the fault current climbing model with the current highest value not lower than the bearing upper limit as an exceeding standard model;
s3, analyzing the floating interval model to obtain the limit slope and average slope of all the floating interval models;
s4, determining a limit floating interval and a uniform floating interval respectively according to the numerical distribution conditions of the limit slope and the uniform slope of the floating interval model;
s5, analyzing the exceeding model to obtain limit slopes and average slopes of all the exceeding models, wherein the limit slopes of the exceeding model are the maximum slopes before the occurrence of the set upper limit current of the analysis object;
s6, respectively determining a dangerous floating interval and a dangerous average interval according to the numerical distribution conditions of the limit slope and the average slope of the exceeding model and in the same way in the step S4;
and S7, monitoring the real-time condition of the analysis object, obtaining the real-time current of the analysis object and the instantaneous growth speed of the current, and generating a switching signal when the real-time current of the analysis object reaches the preset maximum current corresponding to the interval according to the interval where the instantaneous growth speed is highest, so as to switch the analysis object to a power grid following mode or off-grid operation.
2. The mesh inverter control method according to claim 1, wherein the target period is a period from a current time to six months ago.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the method for obtaining the fault current ramp model includes:
when the target object fails, the two preset unit time periods are pushed reversely, then the real-time current of the target object is obtained once every unit time period, and X is continuously obtained 1 Time period of X 1 Is a preset value;
drawing a graph of time and a real-time current value to obtain a corresponding target object fault current climbing model.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the preset value X in step S1 1 The current monitoring method is characterized in that the current monitoring method comprises the following steps of monitoring a target object until the real-time current reaches the highest value until the normal state is recovered, or after the real-time current reaches the highest value, the current is reduced to the median stage of the current corresponding to the normal current and the highest value。
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the quantization line is set to 0.8 times the upper limit of the tolerance.
6. The method for controlling a grid-built inverter according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 of obtaining the limiting slope and the average slope of all the floating interval models comprises:
s31, selecting a floating interval model, obtaining the maximum value of the current, and marking the maximum value as an upper limit value;
s32, obtaining a point where the maximum slope in the floating interval model is located, and marking the point as a limit slope;
s33, acquiring the slope when the current value changes from the initial current value to the upper limit current value in the floating interval model, and marking the slope as average slope;
processing the rest floating interval models in steps S31-S33 to obtain the limit slope and average slope of all the floating interval models, which are G respectively i ，i=1、...、n，P i ，i=1、...、n，G i And P i N is expressed as there being n limit slopes and average slopes in a one-to-one correspondence.
7. The method of controlling a grid-type inverter according to claim 6, wherein the method of determining the limit floating zone and the average floating zone in step S4 is as follows:
s41, acquisition of G i Labeled P, and the offset value W of Gi is calculated using the following formula:
，
s42, if W is smaller than X 2 When G is to i If not, executing step S43;
s43 according to |G i -P| from big to small, selecting |G i -G corresponding to the maximum P% i Delete the G i The value and recalculate the remaining G in step S41 i W value of (c);
s44, judging whether W is smaller than X 2 If not, repeating step S43 until W is less than X 2 Obtain the deleted G i The number of values is divided by n to obtain a deletion duty ratio, if the deletion duty ratio is lower than X 3 Will remain G i The range from the minimum value to the maximum value in the values is marked as a limit floating interval, otherwise the value is according to the original G i The minimum value and the maximum value of the (b) are used for determining a limit floating interval;
the same distance pair P as in steps S41-S44 i Processing is performed, and the obtained result is marked as a uniform floating zone.
8. The method of controlling a grid-tied inverter according to claim 1, wherein step S7 specifically includes:
when the instantaneous growth speed of the real-time current only reaches the uniform floating interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 95 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous increasing speed of the real-time current reaches the limit floating interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 90 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous increasing speed of the real-time current reaches the dangerous average interval at the highest, generating a switching signal when the current value reaches 85 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and switching the analysis object to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation;
when the instantaneous growth speed of the real-time current reaches the dangerous floating interval at the highest, a switching signal is generated when the current value reaches 80 percent of the maximum current which can be born by the analysis object, and the analysis object is switched to a power grid following mode or direct off-grid operation.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the instantaneous increase rate is at most a maximum value of the instantaneous increase rate before the current rises to 80% of the maximum current that can be sustained by the analysis object.
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