CN117570355A - Liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation - Google Patents
Liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117570355A CN117570355A CN202311604116.1A CN202311604116A CN117570355A CN 117570355 A CN117570355 A CN 117570355A CN 202311604116 A CN202311604116 A CN 202311604116A CN 117570355 A CN117570355 A CN 117570355A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- hydrogen storage
- shell
- transportation
- liquid
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Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/005—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for medium-size and small storage vessels not under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
- F17C2203/014—Suspension means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0629—Two walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0316—Water heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
- F17C2227/0353—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid using cryocooler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
- F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
- F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
- F17C2227/0383—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid hydrogen storage, in particular to a liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation. The system comprises: the inner container is used for containing liquid hydrogen, a first outlet is formed in the top of the inner container, and the first outlet is located above the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen; the shell is sleeved outside the inner container, and a second outlet is formed in the top of the shell; the solid hydrogen storage component is arranged outside the shell and communicated with the first outlet through a hydrogen absorption pipeline, the hydrogen absorption pipeline penetrates through the second outlet, and the solid hydrogen storage component is used for storing hydrogen generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the transportation process of the liquid hydrogen storage system. The scheme of the invention can prolong the nondestructive storage time of the liquid hydrogen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid hydrogen storage, in particular to a liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation.
Background
In the transportation link of liquid hydrogen, the maintenance time is prolonged, and zero loss of hydrogen is significant for long-distance transportation of the liquid hydrogen on a road.
In the related art, a high vacuum manner is generally used to store liquid hydrogen. However, in this passive hydrogen storage manner, under a huge temperature difference between the liquid hydrogen (typically about minus 253 ℃) and the external environment (typically about 20 ℃), a part of heat still enters the liquid hydrogen through the supporting structure inside the hydrogen storage tank, so that the liquid hydrogen evaporates, and when the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage tank reaches the relief pressure of the safety valve, the hydrogen is released, resulting in hydrogen loss.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide a liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
One or more embodiments of the present invention describe a liquid hydrogen storage system and method for transportation that can extend the non-destructive storage time of liquid hydrogen.
In a first aspect, one embodiment of the present description provides a liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation, comprising:
the inner container is used for containing liquid hydrogen, a first outlet is formed in the top of the inner container, and the first outlet is located above the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen;
the shell is sleeved outside the inner container, and a second outlet is formed in the top of the shell;
the solid hydrogen storage component is arranged outside the shell and communicated with the first outlet through a hydrogen absorption pipeline, the hydrogen absorption pipeline penetrates through the second outlet, and the solid hydrogen storage component is used for storing hydrogen generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the transportation process of the liquid hydrogen storage system.
According to the above embodiment, further comprising:
and the support structure is connected between the inner container and the outer shell, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline is wound on the outer surface of the support structure.
According to the above embodiment, further comprising:
the middle shell is sleeved between the inner container and the outer shell, the middle shell is made of a metal material with a heat conductivity coefficient exceeding a first preset value, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline is wound on the surface of the middle shell.
According to the above embodiment, further comprising:
the middle shell is sleeved between the inner container and the outer shell, the middle shell is made of a metal material with a heat conduction coefficient exceeding a first preset value, a cavity is formed in the middle shell, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline is communicated with the cavity.
According to the embodiment, the middle shell is sleeved between the inner container and the outer shell, and is made of a metal material with a heat conduction coefficient exceeding a first preset value;
the support structure is connected between the inner container and the outer shell, the support structure penetrates through the middle shell, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline is wound on the outer surface of the support structure and the surface of the middle shell.
According to the above embodiment, further comprising:
the middle shell is sleeved between the inner container and the outer shell, and is made of a metal material with a heat conduction coefficient exceeding a first preset value, and a cavity is formed in the middle shell;
the support structure is connected between the inner container and the outer shell, the support structure penetrates through the middle shell, the hydrogen absorption pipeline is wound on the outer surface of the support structure, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline is communicated with the cavity.
According to the above embodiment, the intermediate housing and the liner and the intermediate housing and the outer shell are both in a vacuum state; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the surface of the middle shell is provided with a heat insulating layer, and the heat insulating layer is made of a heat insulating material with the heat conductivity coefficient not exceeding a second preset value.
According to the above embodiment, the solid hydrogen storage component comprises a rewarmer, a check valve and a solid hydrogen storage tank which are sequentially connected along the hydrogen flow direction, wherein the rewarmer is used for rewarming the hydrogen to normal temperature, and a solid hydrogen absorbent is arranged in the solid hydrogen storage tank.
According to the above embodiment, the solid hydrogen absorber includes at least one of: magnesium-based hydrogen-storage alloy, iron-based hydrogen-storage alloy, lanthanum-nickel-rare earth-based hydrogen-storage alloy, titanium-based hydrogen-storage alloy, and zirconium-based hydrogen-storage alloy; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the solid hydrogen storage tank is connected with a heating pipeline, and the heating pipeline is used for heating the solid hydrogen storage tank so as to realize analysis and recovery of hydrogen.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for operating a liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation, which is applied to the liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation described in the above embodiment, the method including:
and in the transportation process of the liquid hydrogen storage system, the solid hydrogen storage component is communicated with the first outlet through the hydrogen absorption pipeline so as to store hydrogen generated by the evaporation of the liquid hydrogen by utilizing the solid hydrogen storage component.
According to the liquid hydrogen storage system and the method for transportation, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the solid hydrogen storage component is additionally arranged outside the shell and is communicated with the first outlet through the hydrogen absorption pipeline, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline passes through the second outlet, so that the solid hydrogen storage component can be used for storing hydrogen generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the transportation process of the liquid hydrogen storage system, active refrigeration is not needed to recover the hydrogen in the mode, namely, a complex and high-energy-consumption refrigeration device is not needed, and the nondestructive storage time of the liquid hydrogen is prolonged only through a simple, reliable and low-energy-consumption solid hydrogen absorption scheme.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation according to the first embodiment;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation according to a third embodiment;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation according to a fourth embodiment;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of another liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation according to the fourth embodiment.
Reference numerals:
1-an inner container;
11-a first outlet;
2-a housing;
21-a second outlet;
3-a solid hydrogen storage component;
31-a re-warmer;
a 32-check valve;
33-a solid hydrogen storage tank;
34-heating the pipeline;
4-a hydrogen absorption pipeline;
41-a diverter valve;
5-a support structure;
6-an intermediate housing.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation, the system comprising a liner 1, a housing 2 and a solid hydrogen storage assembly 3, wherein:
the inner container 1 is used for containing liquid hydrogen, the top of the inner container 1 is provided with a first outlet 11, and the first outlet 11 is positioned above the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen;
the shell 2 is sleeved outside the liner 1, and a second outlet 21 is formed in the top of the shell 2;
the solid hydrogen storage component 3 is arranged outside the shell 2 and is communicated with the first outlet 11 through a hydrogen absorption pipeline 4, the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 passes through the second outlet 21, and the solid hydrogen storage component 3 is used for storing hydrogen generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the transportation process of the liquid hydrogen storage system.
In this embodiment, the solid hydrogen storage component 3 is additionally arranged outside the housing 2 (i.e. the solid hydrogen storage component 3 is additionally arranged on the basis of the original liquid hydrogen storage tank), and is communicated with the first outlet 11 through the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4, the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 passes through the second outlet 21, so that the solid hydrogen storage component 3 can be utilized to store the hydrogen generated by the evaporation of the liquid hydrogen in the transportation process of the liquid hydrogen storage system, active refrigeration is not needed in this way to recover the hydrogen, i.e. no complex and high-energy-consumption refrigeration equipment is needed, and the nondestructive storage time of the liquid hydrogen is prolonged only through a simple, reliable and low-energy-consumption solid hydrogen absorption scheme.
It will be appreciated that the manner in which the solid hydrogen storage module 3 stores hydrogen gas generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen during transportation of the liquid hydrogen storage system may be physical adsorption (for example, adsorption using a solid hydrogen adsorbent hereinafter), or chemical reaction adsorption, and the specific storage manner is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, both the liner 1 and the outer shell 2 may take the form of a cold insulation of high vacuum + multi-layer insulation. The liquid hydrogen is loaded in the liner 1, and the outer surface of the liner 1 is coated with a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials so as to sufficiently reduce heat leakage caused by heat radiation. The shell 2 plays a supporting role on the liner 1, and the vacuum state is arranged between the shell 2 and the liner 1, so that the heat conduction and the heat convection of the gas between the liner 1 and the shell 2 are eliminated.
It will be appreciated that the exterior of the housing 2 is provided with a hydrogen gas discharge valve and a liquid hydrogen drain valve (neither shown) for the release of hydrogen gas and the filling and draining of liquid hydrogen. Since the liner 1 still inevitably has a small portion of heat leak, a part of liquid hydrogen is vaporized in the liner 1, thereby causing the gas pressure in the liner 1 to rise.
To avoid the bleeding of hydrogen gas caused when the pressure in the inner container 1 increases to the bleeding pressure over time, the inventors creatively found that: the vaporized hydrogen can be led out of the liner 1 to the solid hydrogen storage component 3 outside the shell 2, which greatly reduces the pressure increasing speed of the liner 1, thereby prolonging the nondestructive storage time of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (namely prolonging the time of transporting the liquid hydrogen storage tank by a freight vehicle and avoiding the loss of hydrogen in the transportation process). That is, the solid hydrogen storage component 3 is used as a part of the liquid hydrogen storage system, so that the liquid hydrogen in the liner 1 can be stored for a long time without damage, and the whole liquid hydrogen storage system can realize zero loss of hydrogen.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes:
the supporting structure 5 is connected between the liner 1 and the shell 2, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is wound on the outer surface of the supporting structure 5.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is wound around the outer surface of the support structure 5, so that the support structure 5 can be cooled, and heat leakage caused by heat conduction of the support structure 5 to the liner 1 is further reduced, so that the liquid hydrogen in the liner 1 can be further prolonged to be stored for a long time without damage, and zero loss of hydrogen can be realized.
In some embodiments, the support structure 5 may be radial support and/or axial support.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes:
the middle shell 6 is sleeved between the liner 1 and the shell 2, the middle shell 6 is made of a metal material with a heat conductivity coefficient exceeding a first preset value, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is wound on the surface of the middle shell 6.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is wound on the surface of the intermediate shell 6, so that the hydrogen absorption pipeline can exchange heat with the low-temperature vaporized hydrogen led out from the liner 1, the temperature of the intermediate shell 6 is reduced, and the heat radiation and heat leakage of the liner 1 are greatly reduced, so that the nondestructive storage time of liquid hydrogen in the liner 1 can be further prolonged, and zero loss of hydrogen is realized.
It will be appreciated that the hydrogen absorption line 4 may be provided around either the inner surface of the intermediate housing 6 or the outer surface of the intermediate housing 6.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes:
the middle shell 6 is sleeved between the liner 1 and the shell 2, the middle shell 6 is made of a metal material with a heat conductivity coefficient exceeding a first preset value, a cavity (not shown in the figure) is formed in the middle shell 6, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is communicated with the cavity.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is communicated with the cavity, so that the low-temperature vaporized hydrogen led out by the liner 1 can be subjected to heat exchange, the temperature of the middle shell 6 is reduced, and the heat radiation and leakage of the liner 1 are greatly reduced, so that the nondestructive storage time of liquid hydrogen in the liner 1 can be further prolonged, and the zero loss of hydrogen can be realized.
In some embodiments, intermediate housing 6 may be copper or an aluminum alloy.
Note that, the hydrogen absorption line 4 in fig. 2 is wound around the outer surface of the support structure 5 (the winding line is omitted in fig. 2), the hydrogen absorption line 4 in fig. 3 may be wound around the surface of the intermediate housing 6 (the winding line is omitted in fig. 3), and the hydrogen absorption line 4 in fig. 3 may also be in communication with the cavity of the intermediate housing 6 (the cavity is omitted in fig. 3).
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes:
the middle shell 6 is sleeved between the liner 1 and the shell 2, and the middle shell 6 is made of a metal material with a heat conductivity coefficient exceeding a first preset value;
the supporting structure 5 is connected between the liner 1 and the shell 2, the supporting structure 5 penetrates through the middle shell 6, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is wound on the outer surface of the supporting structure 5 and the surface of the middle shell 6.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is wound around the outer surface of the supporting structure 5 and the surface of the middle shell 6, so that the supporting structure 5 and the middle shell 6 can be cooled at the same time, and heat leakage caused by heat conduction of the supporting structure 5 to the liner 1 and heat radiation heat leakage caused by heat exchange with the low-temperature vaporized hydrogen gas led out from the liner 1 are further reduced, so that the liquid hydrogen in the liner 1 can be further prolonged for lossless storage time and zero loss of hydrogen gas can be realized.
It will be appreciated that the hydrogen absorption line 4 may be provided around either the inner surface of the intermediate housing 6 or the outer surface of the intermediate housing 6.
The liquid hydrogen storage system shown in fig. 4 is that the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is wound on the surface of the middle shell 6, then the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 led out from the middle shell 6 is wound on the outer surfaces of the supporting structures 5 on two sides, and finally the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 is converged to the solid hydrogen storage component 3; the liquid hydrogen storage system shown in fig. 5 is divided into two paths for the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4, the first path is wound on the surface of the middle shell 6 and flows to the solid hydrogen storage component 3, the second path is wound on the outer surfaces of the two support structures 5 and flows to the solid hydrogen storage component 3, and a flow dividing valve 41 can be arranged on the pipeline of the second path to adjust the hydrogen flow of the two paths. It should be noted that the first pipeline does not wind around the outer surfaces of the support structures 5 on both sides.
For the liquid hydrogen storage system shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the former can be understood as that the hydrogen absorption pipelines 4 are connected in series, the latter can be understood as that the hydrogen absorption pipelines 4 are connected in parallel, the structure of the former is simpler, the application of the latter is richer, for example, the support structure 5 or the middle shell 6 can be adaptively selected to be cooled preferentially according to actual needs, so as to reduce heat conduction heat leakage or heat radiation heat leakage.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum state is provided between the intermediate housing 6 and the liner 1 and between the intermediate housing 6 and the outer shell 2. By this arrangement, the heat radiation leakage of the liner 1 can be further reduced.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surface of the intermediate housing 6 is provided with a thermal insulation layer made of a thermal insulation material having a thermal conductivity not exceeding a second preset value. By this arrangement, the heat radiation leakage of the liner 1 can be further reduced.
The heat insulating layer may be provided on the inner surface of the intermediate case 6 or may be provided on the outer surface of the intermediate case 6.
In some embodiments, the thermal insulation material may be a foam material or a fibrous material.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the solid hydrogen storage assembly 3 includes a re-heater 31, a non-return valve 32 and a solid hydrogen storage tank 33, which are sequentially connected in the flow direction of hydrogen, the re-heater 31 being used to re-heat hydrogen to normal temperature, and the solid hydrogen storage tank 33 being provided with a solid hydrogen absorbent therein.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the hydrogen gas after heat exchange with the intermediate case 6 is raised, and after the housing 2 is drawn out, the temperature is returned to normal temperature by the temperature return device 31, and the temperature return device 31 may use an air bath or other heating means to supply heat. The vaporized hydrogen gas after returning to normal temperature enters the solid hydrogen storage tank 33 through a check valve 32, and hydrogen is stored by the solid hydrogen absorbent in the solid hydrogen storage tank 33.
In one embodiment of the invention, the solid hydrogen getter comprises at least one of the following: magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy, iron-based hydrogen storage alloy, lanthanum-nickel-rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloy, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy, and zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloy.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the solid hydrogen storage tank 33 is connected to a heating pipe 34, and the heating pipe 34 is used for heating the solid hydrogen storage tank 33 to achieve the analysis and recovery of hydrogen.
In some embodiments, the heating line 34 may heat the solid hydrogen tank 33 by a heating medium (e.g., may be water), where the heating line 34 is a waterway; the heating line 34 may heat the solid hydrogen tank 33 by an electric heater, and the heating line 34 is a line.
In conclusion, based on the design of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the pressure rising speed in the liner 1 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank can be greatly reduced, and the nondestructive storage time of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is prolonged.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a liquid hydrogen storage method for transportation, which is based on the liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation in any one of the embodiments, and comprises the following steps:
during transportation of the liquid hydrogen storage system, the solid hydrogen storage component 3 is communicated with the first outlet 11 through the hydrogen absorption pipeline 4 so as to store hydrogen generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen by utilizing the solid hydrogen storage component 3.
It can be understood that the working method of the liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation provided by the foregoing embodiment are based on the same inventive concept, so that the two have the same beneficial effects, and the beneficial effects of the working method of the liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation are not described herein.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation, comprising:
the device comprises an inner container (1) for containing liquid hydrogen, wherein a first outlet (11) is formed in the top of the inner container (1), and the first outlet (11) is positioned above the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen;
the shell (2) is sleeved outside the liner (1), and a second outlet (21) is formed in the top of the shell (2);
the solid hydrogen storage component (3) is arranged outside the shell (2) and is communicated with the first outlet (11) through a hydrogen absorption pipeline (4), the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) passes through the second outlet (21), and the solid hydrogen storage component (3) is used for storing hydrogen generated by evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the transportation process of the liquid hydrogen storage system.
2. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the support structure (5) is connected between the liner (1) and the shell (2), and the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) is wound on the outer surface of the support structure (5).
3. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the middle shell (6) is sleeved between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2), the middle shell (6) is made of a metal material with a heat conduction coefficient exceeding a first preset value, and the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) is wound on the surface of the middle shell (6).
4. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the middle shell (6) is sleeved between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2), the middle shell (6) is made of a metal material with a heat conduction coefficient exceeding a first preset value, a cavity is formed in the middle shell (6), and the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) is communicated with the cavity.
5. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the middle shell (6) is sleeved between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2), and the middle shell (6) is made of a metal material with a heat conduction coefficient exceeding a first preset value;
the support structure (5) is connected between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2), the support structure (5) penetrates through the middle shell (6), and the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) is wound on the outer surface of the support structure (5) and the surface of the middle shell (6).
6. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the middle shell (6) is sleeved between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2), the middle shell (6) is made of a metal material with a heat conduction coefficient exceeding a first preset value, and a cavity is formed in the middle shell (6);
the support structure (5) is connected between the liner (1) and the shell (2), the support structure (5) penetrates through the middle shell (6), the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) is wound on the outer surface of the support structure (5), and the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) is communicated with the cavity.
7. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a vacuum state is provided between the intermediate housing (6) and the inner container (1) and between the intermediate housing (6) and the outer shell (2); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the surface of the middle shell (6) is provided with a heat insulating layer, and the heat insulating layer is made of a heat insulating material with the heat conductivity coefficient not exceeding a second preset value.
8. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the solid hydrogen storage assembly (3) comprises a re-heater (31), a non-return valve (32) and a solid hydrogen storage tank (33) connected in this order in the flow direction of hydrogen, the re-heater (31) being for re-heating hydrogen to normal temperature, and a solid hydrogen absorbent being provided in the solid hydrogen storage tank (33).
9. The liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation of claim 8 wherein said solid hydrogen sorbent comprises at least one of the following: magnesium-based hydrogen-storage alloy, iron-based hydrogen-storage alloy, lanthanum-nickel-rare earth-based hydrogen-storage alloy, titanium-based hydrogen-storage alloy, and zirconium-based hydrogen-storage alloy; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the solid hydrogen storage tank (33) is connected with a heating pipeline (34), and the heating pipeline (34) is used for heating the solid hydrogen storage tank (33) so as to realize analysis and recovery of hydrogen.
10. A liquid hydrogen storage method for transportation, characterized in that the method comprises, based on the liquid hydrogen storage system for transportation according to any one of claims 1-9:
during transportation of the liquid hydrogen storage system, the solid hydrogen storage component (3) is communicated with the first outlet (11) through the hydrogen absorption pipeline (4) so as to store hydrogen generated by evaporation of the liquid hydrogen by utilizing the solid hydrogen storage component (3).
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