CN117567187A - Microbial inoculum for accelerating degradation of biomass - Google Patents
Microbial inoculum for accelerating degradation of biomass Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 8
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, and discloses a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 12-19 parts of corn flour, 2-8 parts of calcium chloride, 21-36 parts of bran, 10-18 parts of calcium carbonate, 12-19 parts of compound surfactant, 6-10 parts of compound nutrient, 4-9 parts of inorganic salt culture medium, 22-40 parts of microbial catalytic degradation bacteria, 20-29 parts of probiotic bacteria, 20-60 parts of biomass charcoal, 4-9 parts of fermentation culture medium and 20-29 parts of chitosan solution, wherein the microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspension in parts by weight: 3 to 10 parts of Aspergillus niger and 2 to 6 parts of Proteus sp. By adding bacterial suspension in the preparation process of the microbial inoculum, the straw is quickly converted into the organic fertilizer under the action of the microbial inoculum, and the microbial inoculum can be used in composting and deep turning of the straw. Can accelerate the degradation of biomass, convert the biomass into beneficial substances after the degradation, and increase the carbon fixing capacity of soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation.
Background
Biomass mainly refers to lignocellulose (lignin for short) such as straws, trees and the like except grains and fruits in the agriculture and forestry production process, leftovers of the agricultural product processing industry, forestry waste, livestock manure, waste and the like in the animal husbandry production process, wherein crop straws are byproducts such as stems and leaves and the like produced by crops mainly including wheat, millet, corn and rice in the agriculture process, and the crop straws are abandoned resources in the agricultural production activity. The straws used for recycling, reducing and circulating in agricultural production only account for 30% of the yield, most of the straws are abandoned in the modes of burning, piling and the like, and the ecological environment problem is further caused while the resources are wasted. It is a biological resource mainly composed of cellulose and hemicellulose, and is attracting attention of many researchers. How to find a safe, low-energy-consumption and efficient straw treatment mode has important significance for recycling straw.
With the promotion of the development focus of physical and chemical degradation and microbial degradation, the crop straw recycling modes are various, and mainly comprise crop straw forage conversion, fertilizer conversion, raw material conversion and the like. Straw resources are fully utilized, so that the pollution of solid waste is gradually relieved while the economic benefit is improved. However, the problems of long decomposition period, poor effect quality and the like are easily caused in the straw resource utilization process in China, and the problems are solved by adding a bottleneck to the basic research of the efficient degradation of microorganisms, which results in low efficiency of the straw in the degradation process and influences the straw resource utilization, and based on the bottleneck, a microbial agent for accelerating the degradation of biomass is proposed by a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, and solves the problems of long decomposition period and poor effect quality caused by difficult straw degradation in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the microbial inoculum for accelerating the degradation of biomass comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 12-19 parts of corn flour, 2-8 parts of calcium chloride, 21-36 parts of bran, 10-18 parts of calcium carbonate, 12-19 parts of composite surfactant, 6-10 parts of composite nutrient, 4-9 parts of inorganic salt culture medium, 22-40 parts of microorganism catalytic degradation bacteria, 20-29 parts of probiotics, 20-60 parts of biomass charcoal, 4-9 parts of fermentation culture medium and 20-29 parts of chitosan solution.
Preferably, the microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 3 to 10 parts of Aspergillus niger, 2 to 6 parts of Proteus, 3 to 8 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 4 to 12 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 4 to 8 parts of saccharomycetes, wherein the bacterial suspension is obtained by respectively fermenting and culturing the strains.
Preferably, the inorganic salt culture medium consists of 0.1-0.15% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.12% of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.2% of calcium chloride and 99.0-99.7% of distilled water according to mass percentage, and the fermentation culture medium consists of 0.1-0.2% of nitro salt, 0.1-0.2% of vitamins and 99.0-99.7% of distilled water according to mass percentage.
Preferably, the probiotics are one or more of Paenibacillus polymyxa, trichoderma, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, potassium-dissolving bacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria, antibiotic producing bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria, and the total effective viable count of the probiotics is more than or equal to 900 hundred million/g.
The preparation method of the microbial inoculum for accelerating the degradation of biomass comprises the following steps:
step one, taking crop straws, washing the crop straws with water for 5 to 8 times to remove surface adhesion substances, then air-drying the crop straws for 4 to 5 hours, drying the crop straws in an oven, crushing the crop straws, sieving the crop straws with a sieve of 150 to 250 meshes, placing the crushed crop straws in a crucible, covering the crucible with a cover, and carbonizing the crucible in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 350 to 750 ℃ for 5 to 6 hours; cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain the required biomass charcoal;
placing the biomass charcoal prepared in the first step, calcium chloride, bran and calcium carbonate in a sealing tank, fully mixing materials in the sealing tank, and keeping the temperature in the sealing tank at 40-70 ℃ all the time for 5-6 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, inoculating probiotic bacteria and microorganism catalytic degradation bacteria into an inorganic salt culture medium, and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ for 12 hours at 120r/min to obtain a culture solution for standby;
transferring the culture solution prepared in the step III into a fermentation medium, and performing shake culture at 30deg.C and 120r/min to obtain viable count of not less than 1×10 8 Obtaining fermentation liquor per ml for standby;
adding the compound nutrients into the fermentation liquor, continuously stirring by using a stirring rod, adding chitosan solution in the stirring process, placing the mixture into an aging drum, and standing and aging overnight at room temperature to obtain a mixture II for later use;
and step six, uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, mixing and stirring for 10-40 min, and filtering to remove impurities in the mixture III, thereby obtaining the microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the drying temperature of the oven in the first step is 120-240 ℃ and the drying time is 5-8 h.
Preferably, the stirring speed in the mixing tank II is 40-60 r/min, and the humidity is adjusted to 15-45%.
Preferably, in the third step, the stirring speed in the sealed tank is 80-160 r/min, and the humidity is adjusted to 30-45%.
Preferably, the culture time of the fourth step is 24-48 hours.
Preferably, the concentration of the chitosan solution in the fifth step is 100mg/L.
The invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation. The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the bacterial suspension is additionally arranged in the preparation process of the microbial inoculum, so that the microbial inoculum can be used for pyrolyzing and converting biomass of main crop straws in China, and the straws can be quickly converted into organic fertilizer under the action of the microbial inoculum, and can be used in composting or deep turning of the straws. Can accelerate the degradation of biomass, convert the biomass into beneficial substances after the degradation, increase the carbon fixation capacity of soil, improve the water storage capacity of soil, be favorable for absorbing moisture and nutrient by plant root systems, improve the physicochemical properties of cultivated lands, promote the soil fertility and improve the soil structure.
2. According to the invention, the microbial catalytic degradation bacteria are additionally arranged in the preparation process of the microbial agent, so that plant wastes can be converted into organic fertilizer or soil conditioner, and the environmental problems caused by straw burning or landfill can be reduced by utilizing the bacteria to degrade the straw, so that the negative influence on the environment is reduced, and the effective utilization of resources is promoted.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
the embodiment of the invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 12 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of calcium chloride, 21 parts of bran, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 12 parts of a compound surfactant, 6 parts of a compound nutrient, 4 parts of an inorganic salt culture medium, 22 parts of microorganism catalytic degradation bacteria, 20 parts of a probiotic bacteria agent, 20 parts of biomass charcoal, 4 parts of a fermentation culture medium and 20 parts of a chitosan solution.
The microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 3 parts of aspergillus niger, 2 parts of veillonella, 3 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 4 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 4 parts of saccharomycetes, and the bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the above strains respectively.
The inorganic salt culture medium of (2) consists of 0.15% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.12% of magnesium sulfate, 0.2% of calcium chloride and 99.7% of distilled water according to mass percentage, and the fermentation culture medium consists of 0.2% of nitro salt, 0.2% of vitamin and 99.7% of distilled water according to mass percentage.
The probiotics are the combination of Paenibacillus polymyxa, trichoderma, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, and the total effective viable count of the probiotics is more than or equal to 900 hundred million/g.
The preparation method of the microbial inoculum for accelerating the degradation of biomass comprises the following steps:
step one, taking crop straws, washing the crop straws with water for 5 times to remove surface adhesion substances, then air-drying the crop straws for 4 hours, drying the crop straws in an oven, crushing the crop straws, sieving the crop straws with a 150-mesh sieve, placing the crushed crop straws in a crucible, covering the crucible with a cover, and carbonizing the crucible in a muffle furnace at 350 ℃ for 5 hours; cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain the required biomass charcoal;
wherein the drying temperature of the oven in the first step is 120 ℃ and the drying time is 5 hours.
Placing the biomass charcoal prepared in the first step, calcium chloride, bran and calcium carbonate in a sealing tank, fully mixing materials in the sealing tank, and keeping the temperature in the sealing tank at 40 ℃ all the time for 5 hours to obtain a first mixture;
wherein the stirring speed in the mixing tank in the second step is 40r/min, and the humidity is adjusted to 15%.
Step three, inoculating probiotic bacteria and microorganism catalytic degradation bacteria into an inorganic salt culture medium, and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ for 12 hours at 120r/min to obtain a culture solution for standby;
wherein the stirring speed in the sealed tank in the third step is 80r/min, and the humidity is adjusted to be 30%.
Transferring the culture solution prepared in the step III into a fermentation medium, and performing shake culture at 30deg.C and 120r/min to obtain viable count of not less than 1×10 8 Obtaining fermentation liquor per ml for standby;
wherein the culture time of the fourth step is 24 hours.
Adding the compound nutrients into the fermentation liquor, continuously stirring by using a stirring rod, adding chitosan solution in the stirring process, placing the mixture into an aging drum, and standing and aging overnight at room temperature to obtain a mixture II for later use;
wherein the concentration of the chitosan solution in the fifth step is 100mg/L.
And step six, uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, mixing and stirring for 10min, and filtering to remove impurities in the mixture III, thus obtaining the microbial inoculum.
The degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after the solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw are shown in table one.
Wherein the decomposition rates of cellulose and hemicellulose are calculated according to the following formula: (control sample cellulose content X sample weight-residual cellulose content X residual weight)/(control sample cellulose content X sample weight). Times.100%.
Embodiment two:
the embodiment of the invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 13 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 22 parts of bran, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 13 parts of composite surfactant, 7 parts of composite nutrient, 5 parts of inorganic salt culture medium, 23 parts of microbial catalytic degradation bacteria, 21 parts of probiotics, 21 parts of biomass charcoal, 5 parts of fermentation culture medium and 21 parts of chitosan solution.
The microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 4 parts of aspergillus niger, 2 parts of veillonella, 3 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 4 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 4 parts of saccharomycetes, and the bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the above strains respectively. The remaining steps were consistent with the experimental steps and methods of example 1 and were characterized in the same manner, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw were as shown in table one.
Wherein the decomposition rates of cellulose and hemicellulose are calculated according to the following formula: (control sample cellulose content x sample weight-residual cellulose content x residual weight)/(control sample cellulose content x sample weight) ×100%, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw are shown in table one.
Embodiment III:
the embodiment of the invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 13 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of calcium chloride, 22 parts of bran, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 13 parts of composite surfactant, 7 parts of composite nutrient, 5 parts of inorganic salt culture medium, 23 parts of microbial catalytic degradation bacteria, 21 parts of probiotics, 21 parts of biomass charcoal, 5 parts of fermentation culture medium and 21 parts of chitosan solution.
The microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 4 parts of aspergillus niger, 2 parts of veillonella, 3 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 4 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 4 parts of saccharomycetes, and the bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the above strains respectively. The remaining steps were consistent with the experimental steps and methods of example 1 and were characterized in the same manner, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw were as shown in table one.
Wherein the decomposition rates of cellulose and hemicellulose are calculated according to the following formula: (control sample cellulose content x sample weight-residual cellulose content x residual weight)/(control sample cellulose content x sample weight) ×100%, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw are shown in table one.
Embodiment four:
the embodiment of the invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 14 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of calcium chloride, 23 parts of bran, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 14 parts of a compound surfactant, 8 parts of a compound nutrient, 6 parts of an inorganic salt culture medium, 24 parts of microbial catalytic degradation bacteria, 26 parts of a probiotic agent, 21 parts of biomass charcoal, 5 parts of a fermentation culture medium and 25 parts of a chitosan solution.
The microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 5 parts of aspergillus niger, 2 parts of bacteria of the vein, 3 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 5 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 5 parts of saccharomycetes, and the bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the strains respectively. The remaining steps were consistent with the experimental steps and methods of example 1 and were characterized in the same manner, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw were as shown in table one.
Wherein the decomposition rates of cellulose and hemicellulose are calculated according to the following formula: (control sample cellulose content x sample weight-residual cellulose content x residual weight)/(control sample cellulose content x sample weight) ×100%, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw are shown in table one.
Fifth embodiment:
the embodiment of the invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15 parts of corn flour, 5 parts of calcium chloride, 24 parts of bran, 16 parts of calcium carbonate, 15 parts of a composite surfactant, 9 parts of a composite nutrient, 7 parts of an inorganic salt culture medium, 25 parts of microbial catalytic degradation bacteria, 27 parts of a probiotic bacteria agent, 22 parts of biomass charcoal, 6 parts of a fermentation culture medium and 26 parts of a chitosan solution.
The microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 6 parts of aspergillus niger, 3 parts of veillonella, 4 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 6 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 6 parts of saccharomycetes, and the bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the above strains respectively. The remaining steps were consistent with the experimental steps and methods of example 1 and were characterized in the same manner, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw were as shown in table one.
Wherein the decomposition rates of cellulose and hemicellulose are calculated according to the following formula: (control sample cellulose content x sample weight-residual cellulose content x residual weight)/(control sample cellulose content x sample weight) ×100%, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw are shown in table one.
Example six:
the embodiment of the invention provides a microbial inoculum for accelerating biomass degradation, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 19 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of calcium chloride, 36 parts of bran, 18 parts of calcium carbonate, 19 parts of a composite surfactant, 9 parts of a composite nutrient, 7 parts of an inorganic salt culture medium, 25 parts of microorganism catalytic degradation bacteria, 27 parts of a probiotic bacteria agent, 22 parts of biomass charcoal, 9 parts of a fermentation culture medium and 29 parts of a chitosan solution.
The microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 10 parts of aspergillus niger, 6 parts of veillonella, 8 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 6 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 12 parts of saccharomycetes, and the bacterial suspension is obtained by fermenting and culturing the above strains respectively. The remaining steps were consistent with the experimental steps and methods of example 1 and were characterized in the same manner, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw were as shown in table one.
Wherein the decomposition rates of cellulose and hemicellulose are calculated according to the following formula: (control sample cellulose content x sample weight-residual cellulose content x residual weight)/(control sample cellulose content x sample weight) ×100%, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose after solid fermentation of the finally obtained straw are shown in table one.
Comparative example one:
the difference from example one is only that the microbial inoculum of comparative example one contains no complex nutrients in the raw materials for its preparation.
Comparative example two:
the only difference from example one is that the microbial inoculum of comparative example one was prepared without a bacterial suspension in the starting material.
Comparative example three:
the difference from example one is that the microbial catalytic degradation bacteria are not contained in the preparation raw material of the microbial agent in comparative example one.
List one
Conclusion: as can be seen from the table one, the bacterial suspension is additionally arranged in the preparation process of the microbial inoculum, so that the microbial inoculum can pyrolyze and convert biomass of main crop straws in China, and the straws can be quickly converted into organic fertilizer under the action of the microbial inoculum, and can be used in composting or deep turning of the straws. The biomass degradation can be accelerated, the biomass is converted into beneficial substances after being degraded, the carbon fixation capacity of soil is increased, the water storage capacity of the soil is improved, the plant root system is facilitated to absorb moisture and nutrients, the physicochemical property of cultivated land is improved, the soil fertility is improved, and the soil structure is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The microbial inoculum for accelerating the degradation of biomass is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 12-19 parts of corn flour, 2-8 parts of calcium chloride, 21-36 parts of bran, 10-18 parts of calcium carbonate, 12-19 parts of composite surfactant, 6-10 parts of composite nutrient, 4-9 parts of inorganic salt culture medium, 22-40 parts of microorganism catalytic degradation bacteria, 20-29 parts of probiotics, 20-60 parts of biomass charcoal, 4-9 parts of fermentation culture medium and 20-29 parts of chitosan solution.
2. The microbial agent for accelerating the degradation of biomass according to claim 1, wherein the microbial catalytic degradation bacteria comprise the following bacterial suspensions in parts by weight: 3 to 10 parts of Aspergillus niger, 2 to 6 parts of Proteus, 3 to 8 parts of sulfureted bacteria, 4 to 12 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 4 to 8 parts of saccharomycetes, wherein the bacterial suspension is obtained by respectively fermenting and culturing the strains.
3. The microbial agent for accelerating degradation of biomass according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt culture medium consists of 0.1-0.15% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.12% of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.2% of calcium chloride and 99.0-99.7% of distilled water by mass percent, and the fermentation culture medium consists of 0.1-0.2% of nitro salt, 0.1-0.2% of vitamins and 99.0-99.7% of distilled water by mass percent.
4. The microbial agent for accelerating the degradation of biomass according to claim 1, wherein the probiotic is one or more of paenibacillus polymyxa, trichoderma, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, antibiotic-producing bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria, and the total effective viable count of the probiotic is more than or equal to 900 hundred million/g.
5. A method for preparing a biomass degradation accelerating microbial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step one, taking crop straws, washing the crop straws with water for 5 to 8 times to remove surface adhesion substances, then air-drying the crop straws for 4 to 5 hours, drying the crop straws in an oven, crushing the crop straws, sieving the crop straws with a sieve of 150 to 250 meshes, placing the crushed crop straws in a crucible, covering the crucible with a cover, and carbonizing the crucible in a muffle furnace with the temperature of 350 to 750 ℃ for 5 to 6 hours; cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain the required biomass charcoal;
placing the biomass charcoal prepared in the first step, calcium chloride, bran and calcium carbonate in a sealing tank, fully mixing materials in the sealing tank, and keeping the temperature in the sealing tank at 40-70 ℃ all the time for 5-6 hours to obtain a first mixture;
step three, inoculating probiotic bacteria and microorganism catalytic degradation bacteria into an inorganic salt culture medium, and performing shake culture at 30 ℃ for 12 hours at 120r/min to obtain a culture solution for standby;
transferring the culture solution prepared in the step III into a fermentation medium, and performing shake culture at 30deg.C and 120r/min to obtain viable count of not less than 1×10 8 Obtaining fermentation liquor per ml for standby;
adding the compound nutrients into the fermentation liquor, continuously stirring by using a stirring rod, adding chitosan solution in the stirring process, placing the mixture into an aging drum, and standing and aging overnight at room temperature to obtain a mixture II for later use;
and step six, uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, mixing and stirring for 10-40 min, and filtering to remove impurities in the mixture III, thereby obtaining the microbial inoculum.
6. The method for preparing a microbial inoculum for accelerating degradation of biomass as claimed in claim 5, wherein the drying temperature of the oven in the first step is 120-240 ℃ and the drying time is 5-8 h.
7. The method for preparing a microbial inoculum for accelerating degradation of biomass as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stirring speed in the mixing tank in the second step is 40-60 r/min, and the humidity is adjusted to 15-45%.
8. The method for preparing a microbial inoculum for accelerating degradation of biomass as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stirring speed in the sealing tank in the third step is 80-160 r/min, and the humidity is adjusted to 30-45%.
9. The method for preparing a microbial inoculum for accelerating degradation of biomass as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cultivation time in the fourth step is 24-48 h.
10. The method for preparing a microbial agent for accelerating degradation of biomass according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the chitosan solution in the fifth step is 100mg/L.
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