CN117561638A - 电池组的顶盖用钢板及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
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Abstract
本发明涉及包括金属涂覆钢板的电池组的顶盖，其中所述金属涂层基于铝，并且任选地包含硅和不可避免的杂质。
Description
本发明涉及汽车工业中电池的壳体元件。更具体地，其涉及具有良好的对火暴露的耐性的电动或混合动力车辆的电池组的顶盖。
电动车辆或混合动力车辆必须嵌入至少一个重且体积大的电池组。该电池组由复数个电池模块制成，各模块包括电池单元。无论在组装期间还是在车辆的进一步寿命期间，所述电池组都必须受到很好的保护，免受在事故、火灾或者任何暴露于高温的情况下可能出现的热负荷。
当前的趋势是具有越来越大的模块，并且甚至将所有的电池单元存储到电池组壳体中，同时将中间保护外壳留到模块中。电池组的内部构造可以由组合成模块的单体电池构成，或者由直接包括电池单元并且由盖子封闭的容器制成。无论电池组的内部构造如何，其顶面上都被上盖封闭。
如图1所描绘的，电池组从底部到顶部包括：
·防护元件1；
·包括电池单元和加强部件(任选地为电池模块2)的电池组的内部构造；
·上盖，也被称为顶盖3。
顶盖可以与电池组的其他部件粘合结合和/或用螺丝固定在一起。其也可以通过任何组装方法例如焊接连接至内部构造。
顶盖可以由铝板制成，例如由6000系列铝合金并且可以由特定的AL 6016合金制成。
与电池相关的火灾危险是与电动或混合动力车辆的安全相关的一个主要方面。尤其是热失控，一旦在一个电池单元中开始，则产生足以导致相邻的单体电池也进入热失控的热。由于各电池单元变热，破裂，可能爆炸并释放其内容物，这产生了反复骤燃的火。电池内部的化学物质变热，这导致任何封壳(无论是单体电池的、模块的还是整个电池组的封壳)进一步降解。易燃电解质在暴露于空气中的氧气时可能燃烧或者甚至爆炸。
电池组的顶盖是电池单元与乘客舱之间的第一隔离，其对于电池组的耐火性非常重要。顶盖即使在高温下也必须确保电池组与乘客舱之间的安全隔离。顶盖在经受高温时必须释放很少的气体或者不释放气体。尤其是当例如CO2或其他气态燃烧产物的气体在电池组内部释放并被火加热时，其可以极大地增加所述组内部的压力。这可能引发所述组的开口、穿过壳体的裂纹和爆炸。
专利申请US2019131602公开了具有顶盖的电池组用壳体。该盖板被配置为至少包括金属部分和塑料部分的夹层结构，并且其中金属部分由钢和铝中的至少一者制造。
本发明的目的是提供具有出色的对火暴露(包括爆炸风险)的耐性的顶盖。
该目的通过提供根据权利要求1所述的顶盖来实现。顶盖还可以包括根据权利要求2至4所述的任何特性或所有特性。本发明的另一个目的是包括根据本发明的顶盖的电池组。
本发明的其他特性和优点将根据本发明的以下详细描述而变得明显。
为了说明本发明，将特别地参照以下附图描述非限制性实例的多个实施方案和试验：
-图1示出了电动电池车辆中的电池组及其顶盖，
-图2示出了在1300℃的温度下火暴露130秒之后的根据本发明的顶盖，
-图3示出了在1000℃的温度下火暴露130秒之后的非根据本发明的顶盖。
本发明涉及电池组的顶盖，所述电池组的顶盖包括金属涂覆钢板，其中所述金属涂层基于铝，并且任选地包含硅和不可避免的杂质。
为此目的，在本发明的框架中可以使用任何钢。优选地，具有良好可成形性的钢非常适合。例如，顶盖可以由以下制成：深拉用低碳钢，例如具有以下重量组成的无间隙钢：C≤0.01％；Si≤0.3％；Mn≤1.0％；P≤0.1％；S≤0.025；Al≥0.01％；Ti≤0.12％；Nb≤0.08％；Cu≤0.2％。
例如，顶盖可以由具有以下重量组成的高强度低合金(High Strength LowAlloy，HSLA)钢制成：C≤0.1％；Si≤0.5％；Mn≤1.4％；P≤0.04％；S≤0.025％；Al≥0.01％；Ti≤0.15％；Nb≤0.09％；Cu≤0.2％。
钢板可以根据期望的厚度(其可以为例如0.6mm至1.0mm)通过对钢板坯进行热轧以及随后对所获得的钢卷材进行冷轧来获得。
然后通过任意涂覆工艺用金属涂层涂覆钢板。例如，在基于铝并且任选地包含硅和不可避免的杂质的熔浴中对钢板进行热浸涂。
然后可以将钢板切割成坯件。坯件可以通过冲压形成为顶盖的特定形状。该特定形状为设计相关的。顶盖为大的水平部件，其可能会受到振动。为了减少这些振动和随后的噪音，通常在冲压操作期间将加强筋冲压到顶盖中。最后，将顶盖通过任意可拆卸或不可拆卸的方式(例如通过用螺丝固定、焊接或胶合)附接至组。
本发明中使用的金属涂层基于铝，并且任选地包含硅和来自生产过程的不可避免的杂质。
这样的由金属组成的涂层是防火的，并且当经受火焰温度时不会释放任何气体。在火灾或高温的情况下，其不会增加电池组内部的压力。
在一个优选实施方案中，金属涂层包含8重量％至12重量％的硅，任选地最多4重量％的铁，余量为铝和不可避免的杂质。这样的涂层提供了良好的耐腐蚀性。
例如，涂层为具有以下重量组成的10％的硅、90％的铝。
在两侧上的涂层重量可以总共为50g/m2至200g/m2或更少。例如，电池组的内侧上的涂层厚度为10μm至40μm。
实施例
为了确定顶盖的耐火性，进行了几项测试。所有测试都借助同一台测试装置进行。
测试装置改装自标准ISO 2685:1998中描述的测试装置。进行以下两项改装：首先，通过10mm厚硅酸钙板将样品与测试装置的结构热隔离。其次，校准产生火焰的气体燃烧器，以在暴露于火焰的样品表面上实现目标温度。
对于所有测试，样品具有150×150mm2的相同尺寸。将各样品设置在气体燃烧器的前面以被火焰击中。样品与燃烧器之间的板具有尺寸为90×90mm2的开口区域。
测试了三种材料：
-材料1为0.7mm厚钢板。其涂覆有热浸涂层包含10重量％的硅，剩余部分为铝。涂层重量为150g/m2。
-材料2为6016系列的1.0mm厚铝板。
-材料3为涂覆有基于环氧的电涂层的0.8mm镀锌钢板。热浸涂层包含0.2重量的铝，剩余部分为锌。金属涂层重量为140g/m2。在磷化处理步骤后，将样品浸入电涂层浴中。被测试的电涂层为来自供应商PPG的6200HE。烘烤之后涂料在各表面上的干厚度为25μm。
在下文中，样品1由材料1制成，样品2由材料2制成，以及样品3由材料3制成。
测试了两种火暴露情况。在情况A中，火焰温度为1300℃，以及暴露时间为130秒。在严重程度较低的情况B中，火焰温度为1000℃，以及暴露时间为130秒。
对于测试分析考虑了几个标准。板的完整性，即火焰是否穿透了板，测试结束时未暴露于火焰的面(背面)的温度，以及测试之后涂层中气泡的存在。气泡的存在表明气体的释放。
表1-火焰暴露情况
| 情况 | 火焰暴露时间 | 火焰温度 |
| A | 130秒 | 1300℃ |
| B | 130秒 | 1000℃ |
表2-情况A：在1300℃下130秒
*根据本发明
在1300℃下暴露130秒之后，由钢制成的样品1的背面保持在低于700℃的温度下，并且没有示出任何熔融的迹象。相反，火焰穿透了由较厚的铝制成的材料2。
此外，如图2上可以看出，样品1没有示出任何气泡。其涂层不释放气体。
表3-情况B：在1000℃下130秒
在1000℃下暴露130秒之后，如图3上可以看出，样品3的背面清楚地示出气泡。这些开放的气泡释放了涂料的呈气体形式的燃烧产物。
Claims (5)
1.一种电池组的顶盖，包括经冲压的金属涂覆钢板，其中所述金属涂层基于铝，并且任选地包含硅和不可避免的杂质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组的顶盖，其中所述金属涂层包含按重量计8％至12％的硅，任选地最多4％的铁，余量为铝和不可避免的杂质。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池组的顶盖，在电池组的内侧上具有10μm至40μm的涂层厚度。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电池组的顶盖，在两侧上具有总共50g/m2至200g/m2的涂层重量。
5.一种电池组，包括根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的顶盖。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/IB2021/057036 WO2023012499A1 (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Steel sheet for top cover of battery pack and its manufacturing method |
| IBPCT/IB2021/057036 | 2021-08-02 | ||
| PCT/IB2022/055870 WO2023012539A1 (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2022-06-24 | Steel sheet for top cover of battery pack and its manufacturing method |
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| CN117561638A true CN117561638A (zh) | 2024-02-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280045515.6A Pending CN117561638A (zh) | 2021-08-02 | 2022-06-24 | 电池组的顶盖用钢板及其制造方法 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4388613A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2024536677A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20240025661A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN117561638A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR112024002030A2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA3225443A1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2024001487A (zh) |
| WO (2) | WO2023012499A1 (zh) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004114052A (ja) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | 高温プレス成形方法 |
| JP2004130352A (ja) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-04-30 | Jfe Steel Kk | 星目を発生しにくいプレス加工用薄板鋼板 |
| DE102016110330A1 (de) | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Gehäuse für eine Fahrzeugbatterie sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Gehäuses |
| WO2019077395A1 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | Arcelormittal | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PRE-COATED STEEL SHEET AND ASSOCIATED SHEET |
| DE102018132171A1 (de) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Batteriegehäuse und Verwendung |
| EP3671890B1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-10-28 | Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | Battery pack for a vehicle |
| DE102020101039A1 (de) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Gehäusedeckel für ein Batteriegehäuse mit Partikelschutz und Hitzeschutz, Batteriegehäuse, Traktionsbatterie sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
-
2021
- 2021-08-02 WO PCT/IB2021/057036 patent/WO2023012499A1/en active Application Filing
-
2022
- 2022-06-24 CA CA3225443A patent/CA3225443A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-24 CN CN202280045515.6A patent/CN117561638A/zh active Pending
- 2022-06-24 BR BR112024002030A patent/BR112024002030A2/pt unknown
- 2022-06-24 EP EP22735618.5A patent/EP4388613A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-24 MX MX2024001487A patent/MX2024001487A/es unknown
- 2022-06-24 WO PCT/IB2022/055870 patent/WO2023012539A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-06-24 JP JP2024506486A patent/JP2024536677A/ja active Pending
- 2022-06-24 KR KR1020247002898A patent/KR20240025661A/ko unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2024536677A (ja) | 2024-10-08 |
| BR112024002030A2 (pt) | 2024-04-30 |
| CA3225443A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
| KR20240025661A (ko) | 2024-02-27 |
| MX2024001487A (es) | 2024-02-13 |
| WO2023012499A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
| WO2023012539A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
| EP4388613A1 (en) | 2024-06-26 |
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