CN117559026B - Battery material decomposition device and waste battery recycling system - Google Patents

Battery material decomposition device and waste battery recycling system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117559026B
CN117559026B CN202410040786.3A CN202410040786A CN117559026B CN 117559026 B CN117559026 B CN 117559026B CN 202410040786 A CN202410040786 A CN 202410040786A CN 117559026 B CN117559026 B CN 117559026B
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ultraviolet light
assembly
light source
ozone
decomposition
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CN117559026A (en
Inventor
丁柏栋
林晓杰
施荣锐
韦秀溪
陈发燕
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Guangdong Jiecheng New Energy Material Technology Co ltd
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Guangdong Jiecheng New Energy Material Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/50Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving radiation, e.g. electro-magnetic waves
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/52Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/15Electronic waste
    • B09B2101/16Batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a battery material decomposition device and waste battery recovery processing system, the battery material decomposition device is including decomposing body, material conveying component, ultraviolet light source subassembly, ozone generator and heating element. The material conveying assembly conveys broken battery materials along the conveying direction, the ultraviolet light source assembly is arranged in the decomposing cavity and is located above the material conveying assembly, the ozone generator can introduce ozone into the decomposing cavity, the heating assembly can heat the decomposing cavity, and the battery materials on the material conveying assembly are located in ozone, ultraviolet light irradiation and high-temperature environments. Ozone can rapidly oxidize the binder, ultraviolet light realizes photo-oxidation aging, the heating component generates heat to perform thermo-oxidation aging, the binder aging is accelerated, the electrode material is easier to peel from the current collector, and the energy consumption of the heating component can be reduced. And the crushing and screening of the battery materials can be realized in a short time, so that the energy consumption for crushing and screening the battery materials is reduced.

Description

Battery material decomposition device and waste battery recycling system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a battery material decomposing device and a waste battery recovery processing system.
Background
Waste batteries generally contain a large amount of metals, for example, lithium batteries contain a large amount of valuable metal components such as aluminum, copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and the like, and have extremely high resource utilization. If the organic components and heavy metal components in the waste batteries are not effectively recovered, the natural environment is damaged. Therefore, the recovery of the waste batteries is of great significance from the viewpoint of environmental protection and from the viewpoint of sustainable development.
Electrode material particles of positive and negative electrode plates of the battery are bonded on a current collector material through an organic binder, and the organic binder has excellent physical and chemical properties and can ensure that the electrode material particles cannot easily fall off from the current collector. It is difficult to thoroughly peel the electrode material particles from the current collector by a mechanical crushing method. Therefore, how to remove or weaken the adhesion between the electrode material and the current collector material is a precondition for improving the sufficient peeling of the electrode material.
The traditional mode is that the disassembled battery cell is placed in an ultralow temperature environment, the brittleness of the battery material is improved by utilizing the characteristics of the materials after embrittlement at low temperature, the battery material is easier to crush when mechanically crushed, the shedding efficiency of the electrode material is improved, and the separation efficiency is further improved. The other mode is pyrolysis, namely the electrode plate obtained by disassembly is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis furnace, volatile substances in the binder can be evaporated or volatilized in a high-temperature environment, so that the binder is invalid, the electrode active substances are easy to fall off, and the organic binder is conveniently removed to obtain the electrode active material and the current collector material.
However, the two methods generally require high power equipment and a large amount of energy to heat or cool, and the aging process of the adhesive is slow and the energy consumption is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a battery material decomposing device and a waste battery recycling system that improve the aging efficiency of the adhesive and reduce the energy consumption.
The battery material decomposing device comprises a decomposing body, a material conveying assembly, an ultraviolet light source assembly, an ozone generator and a heating assembly, wherein a decomposing cavity is formed in the decomposing body; the material conveying assembly is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is used for conveying battery materials along the conveying direction; the ultraviolet light source component is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is positioned above the material conveying component, and the ultraviolet light source component is used for emitting ultraviolet light to the material conveying component; the ozone generator is used for generating ozone, the decomposing body is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are both communicated with the decomposing cavity, and the air outlet end of the ozone generator is connected with the air inlet of the decomposing body; the heating component is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is used for heating the decomposition cavity.
In one embodiment, the air inlet is arranged at a position close to the discharging end of the material conveying assembly, and the air outlet is arranged at a position close to the feeding end of the material conveying assembly, so that the flowing direction of the ozone in the decomposing cavity is opposite to the conveying direction.
In one embodiment, the ultraviolet light source assembly includes a first ultraviolet light source and at least two second ultraviolet light sources, the first ultraviolet light source is configured to emit ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 170nm-200nm, the second ultraviolet light source is configured to emit ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 250nm-400nm, all the second ultraviolet light sources are disposed at intervals along the conveying direction, and the first ultraviolet light source is disposed between two adjacent second ultraviolet light sources.
In one embodiment, the length of the second ultraviolet light source tends to increase along the conveying direction.
In one embodiment, the heating assembly includes a first heater and at least two second heaters, all the second heaters are disposed at intervals along the conveying direction of the material conveying assembly, the first heater is disposed between two adjacent second heaters, the position of the first heater corresponds to the position of the first ultraviolet light source, and the position of each second heater corresponds to the position of one second ultraviolet light source.
In one embodiment, the battery material decomposing device further comprises a decomposing controller and ozone concentration detectors, wherein the ozone concentration detectors are consistent with the first ultraviolet light sources in number, each ozone concentration detector is arranged on one side, close to the corresponding first ultraviolet light source, of the second ultraviolet light source along the flowing direction of ozone, and the ozone concentration detector is positioned between the material conveying assembly and the ultraviolet light source assembly; the ozone concentration detector and the first heater are electrically connected with the decomposition controller, and the decomposition controller is used for controlling the operation of the first heater according to the detection signal of the ozone concentration detector.
In one embodiment, the battery material decomposing device further comprises a heat pump assembly and a cooling assembly, the ozone generator is installed on the outer wall of one side of the decomposing body, on which the ultraviolet light source assembly is arranged, the cooling assembly is arranged on the side wall of the decomposing body and the ozone generator and is used for cooling the ultraviolet light source assembly and the ozone generator, and the heat pump assembly is connected with the cooling assembly and is used for refrigerating the cooling assembly.
In one embodiment, the cooling assembly comprises a cooling unit, a heat exchanger and a cooling driving pump, the cooling unit, the heat exchanger and the cooling driving pump are mutually connected to form a cooling medium circulation loop, the cooling unit is arranged on the side wall of the decomposition body and the ozone generator, the heat pump assembly is connected between the cooling unit and the heat exchanger, the flow direction of the cooling medium used for driving the cooling driving pump is the direction from the heat exchanger to the heat pump assembly, and the gas exhausted from the exhaust end of the ozone generator can enter the gas inlet of the decomposition body through the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the cooling unit comprises a first cooler and a second cooler, the first cooler and the second cooler are connected in parallel in a cooling medium circulation loop, the first cooler is arranged on the side wall of the decomposition body, which is provided with the ultraviolet light source component, the second cooler is arranged adjacent to the first cooler and is arranged on the ozone generator, the heat pump component comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator, the compressor, the condenser, the throttling element and the evaporator are sequentially connected to form a refrigerating medium circulation loop, and the evaporator is arranged between the heat exchanger and the cooling unit.
The waste battery recycling system comprises a crushing device, a battery material decomposing device and a screening device, wherein the crushing device is used for crushing waste batteries; the battery material decomposing device is arranged at the downstream of the crushing device, and the material feeding end of the material conveying assembly is in butt joint with the material discharging end of the crushing device; the screening device is arranged at the downstream of the battery material decomposing device, the discharging end of the battery material decomposing device is in butt joint with the feeding end of the screening device, and the screening device is used for screening battery materials.
Above-mentioned battery material decomposition device and junked battery recovery processing system, will throw to the material loading end of material conveying subassembly after the breakage through breaker, and then throw into the decomposition intracavity of decomposing the body, material conveying subassembly carries broken battery material along the direction of delivery. Because the ultraviolet light source component is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is positioned above the material conveying component, the ozone generator can introduce ozone into the decomposition cavity, and the heating component can heat the decomposition cavity, so that the battery material on the material conveying component is in ozone, ultraviolet irradiation and high-temperature environment. The electrode particles in the battery material are generally adhered to the current collector through the adhesive, so that the adhesive can be oxidized and disabled rapidly under the action of ozone on one hand, and on the other hand, the photo-oxidative aging of ultraviolet light irradiation and the thermal oxidative aging of heat generated by the heating component are utilized to effectively accelerate the aging of the adhesive, weaken the adhesive force of the adhesive and enable the electrode material to be peeled off from the current collector more easily. By adopting the method of accelerating the aging of the binder by ultraviolet irradiation under the ozone environment, the particles can be efficiently crushed, fall off and separated in a short time, so that the energy consumption of a heating assembly can be reduced, and the energy consumption of crushing and sieving the battery materials is reduced. Meanwhile, the battery material decomposition device does not need to use chemical solvents, and further does not involve pollution and damage to the environment caused by using harmful chemical solvents, so that the battery material decomposition device has better environmental protection compared with a plurality of traditional treatment methods.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Moreover, the figures are not drawn to a 1:1 scale, and the relative sizes of various elements are merely exemplary in the figures, and are not necessarily drawn to true scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of a battery material decomposing apparatus in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the battery material decomposition device shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the ozone generator, heat pump assembly and cooling assembly of fig. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
a battery material decomposition device 10; a decomposition body 100; a decomposition chamber 110; an air inlet 120; an exhaust port 130; a conveyor belt 210; a driving wheel 220; driven wheel 230; an ultraviolet light source assembly 300; a first ultraviolet light source 310; a second ultraviolet light source 320; an ozone generator 400; an exhaust end 410; a heating assembly 500; a first heater 510; a second heater 520; an ozone concentration detector 600; a heat pump assembly 700; a compressor 710; a condenser 720; a throttling element 730; an evaporator 740; a cooling assembly 800; a cooling unit 810; a first cooler 812; a second cooler 814; a heat exchanger 820; a cooling drive pump 830; a reservoir regulator 840.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is, however, susceptible of embodiment in many other forms than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and therefore the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the waste battery recycling system in an embodiment of the present application at least can improve the aging efficiency of the binder and reduce the energy consumption. Specifically, the waste battery recycling system comprises a crushing device, a battery material decomposing device 10 and a screening device, wherein the crushing device is used for crushing waste batteries; the battery material decomposing device 10 is arranged at the downstream of the crushing device, the feeding end of the battery material decomposing device 10 is abutted to the discharging end of the crushing device, the screening device is arranged at the downstream of the battery material decomposing device 10, the discharging end of the battery material decomposing device 10 is abutted to the feeding end of the screening device, and the screening device is used for screening battery materials.
The crushing device can crush the waste batteries, crushed battery materials are thrown to the feeding end of the battery material decomposing device 10 from the discharging end of the crushing device, the battery material decomposing device 10 is used for ageing a binder in the battery materials, the efficiency and the effect of separating electrode particles from a current collector are improved, and the screening device can effectively separate the electrode particles from the current collector.
In one embodiment, the battery material decomposing apparatus 10 includes a decomposing body 100, a material conveying assembly 200, an ultraviolet light source assembly 300, an ozone generator 400 and a heating assembly 500, wherein a decomposing cavity 110 is formed in the decomposing body 100; the material conveying assembly 200 is disposed in the decomposition chamber 110, and the material conveying assembly 200 is used for conveying battery materials along a conveying direction a; the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is disposed in the decomposition chamber 110 and above the material conveying assembly 200, and the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is configured to emit ultraviolet light to the material conveying assembly 200; the ozone generator 400 is used for generating ozone, the decomposing body 100 is also provided with an air inlet 120 and an air outlet 130, the air inlet 120 and the air outlet 130 are both communicated with the decomposing cavity 110, and an air outlet end 410 of the ozone generator 400 is connected to the air inlet 120 of the decomposing body 100; the heating assembly 500 is disposed in the decomposition chamber 110, and the heating assembly 500 is used for heating the decomposition chamber 110.
Specifically, the material feeding end of the material conveying assembly 200 is abutted against the material discharging end of the crushing device, and the material discharging end of the material conveying assembly 200 is abutted against the material feeding end of the screening device.
When the battery material crushing device is used, the crushed battery material is thrown to the feeding end of the material conveying assembly 200, and then is thrown into the decomposing cavity 110 of the decomposing body 100, and the material conveying assembly 200 conveys the crushed battery material along the conveying direction a. Because the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is disposed in the decomposition chamber 110 and above the material conveying assembly 200, the ozone generator 400 can supply ozone to the decomposition chamber 110, and the heating assembly 500 can heat the decomposition chamber 110, so that the battery material on the material conveying assembly 200 is in ozone, ultraviolet irradiation and high temperature environment. The electrode particles in the battery material are generally adhered to the current collector through the adhesive, so that the adhesive can be oxidized and disabled rapidly under the action of ozone on one hand, and on the other hand, the photo-oxidative aging by ultraviolet light irradiation and the thermal oxidative aging by heat generated by the heating component 500 are utilized to effectively accelerate the aging of the adhesive, weaken the adhesive force of the adhesive and enable the electrode material to be peeled off from the current collector more easily. By adopting the method of accelerating the aging of the adhesive by ultraviolet irradiation under the ozone environment, the particles can be efficiently crushed, separated and separated in a short time, so that the energy consumption of the heating assembly 500 can be reduced, and the energy consumption of crushing and sieving the battery materials is reduced. Meanwhile, the battery material decomposition device 10 does not need to use chemical solvents, and further does not involve environmental pollution and damage caused by using harmful chemical solvents, which is more environmentally friendly than many conventional treatment methods.
Ozone can be rapidly decomposed into oxygen and active oxygen, and active oxygen atoms have strong oxidation effect and can be combined with unsaturated bonds in the adhesive, so that the molecular chains of the adhesive are broken in the combining stage, and the ageing of the high-molecular adhesive is caused. The adhesive will change in two ways after being heated: one is physical change, the thermoplastic resin with a linear structure is expressed as rotation and melting, and the thermosetting resin is expressed as larger deformation under the action of external force; the other is chemical change, which is mainly represented by thermal decomposition, and oxygen is generated in the oxidation reaction process due to ozone, and the binder is promoted to be simultaneously subjected to oxidative cleavage in the thermal decomposition state. Under the condition of heating and oxygen-containing, the binder is easier to generate photochemical reaction under ultraviolet light, the ultraviolet light can trigger the binder to generate photochemical reaction so that molecular chains are decomposed and crosslinked irreversibly to generate chemical change, and if chain decomposition is dominant, the binder can be softened; if crosslinking predominates, the binder becomes brittle. Further, the battery material decomposing device 10 enhances each other by promoting each other among ozone, ultraviolet light and heat, so that the effect of using the three materials independently is achieved. In the embodiment, the method of accelerating the aging of the adhesive by ultraviolet irradiation in the ozone environment can improve the crushing and separation efficiency of the electrode material to more than 95%.
In one embodiment, the air inlet 120 is disposed near the discharging end of the material conveying assembly 200, and the air outlet 130 is disposed near the feeding end of the material conveying assembly 200, so that the flowing direction b of ozone in the decomposing cavity 110 is opposite to the conveying direction a. By reversing the flow direction b of ozone in the decomposition chamber 110 to the transport direction a of the battery material, the battery material having a higher temperature after heating can be reacted with ozone having a higher concentration. At higher temperature, ozone can be rapidly decomposed into oxygen and active oxygen, and active oxygen atoms have strong oxidation, so that more effective and strong oxidation reaction can be generated with the binder with higher temperature, and the aging speed of the binder is improved. At the loading end of the material conveying assembly 200, the temperature of the battery material is relatively low, so that the ozone concentration is increased, on the one hand, the ozone decomposition effect is poor, and on the other hand, the oxidation reaction effect of the battery material at a lower temperature is also poor.
In one embodiment, the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 includes a first ultraviolet light source 310 and at least two second ultraviolet light sources 320, wherein the first ultraviolet light source 310 is used for emitting ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 170nm-200nm, the second ultraviolet light source 320 is used for emitting ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 250nm-400nm, all the second ultraviolet light sources 320 are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction a, and the first ultraviolet light source 310 is arranged between two adjacent second ultraviolet light sources 320. Because the ozone generates oxygen and active oxygen atoms after decomposition, the concentration of the ozone tends to decrease along the flowing direction b of the ozone, and the concentration of the oxygen increases along with the reaction, so that the oxygen can be further converted into ozone under the ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 170nm-200nm emitted by the first ultraviolet light source 310, the ozone concentration is improved, and the ozone can be further decomposed to obtain oxygen and active oxygen atoms under the ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 250nm-400nm emitted by the second ultraviolet light source 320. With the progress of the oxidation reaction, the concentration of ozone and the effect of the oxidation reaction can be effectively improved by arranging the second ultraviolet light source 320, the first ultraviolet light source 310 and the second ultraviolet light source 320 to sequentially and alternately decompose and generate ozone.
Specifically, the first ultraviolet light source 310 is configured to emit ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 185 nm. Or the first ultraviolet light source 310 may emit ultraviolet light at other wavelengths effective to promote ozone generation.
Specifically, the second ultraviolet light source 320 is configured to emit ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 300nm to 400nm, and at this wavelength, the second ultraviolet light source 320 can effectively promote photooxidation reaction of the adhesive, and at the same time has an effect of decomposing ozone. Alternatively, the second ultraviolet light source 320 is configured to emit ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 250nm to 300nm, at which the second ultraviolet light source 320 is capable of effectively promoting decomposition of ozone while simultaneously achieving photooxidation of the adhesive. In this embodiment, the binder is PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and the second ultraviolet light source 320 is configured to emit ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 370 nm. In other embodiments, the wavelength emitted by the second ultraviolet light source 320 may also be selected based on the band of ultraviolet light to which the adhesive is susceptible to aging.
In the present embodiment, the length of the second ultraviolet light source 320 tends to increase along the conveying direction a. Since the concentration of ozone tends to increase along the conveying direction a, the length of the second uv light source 320 is increased at the position of the material conveying assembly 200 at or near the discharging end, which can increase the distance of the reaction of ozone decomposition oxidation and increase the effect of the second uv light source 320 on the photo-oxidation reaction of the binder. As the concentration of ozone decreases, the length of the second uv light source 320 needs to be decreased, increasing the number or length of the first uv light sources 310, and thus increasing the generation of ozone.
In this embodiment, the length of the second ultraviolet light source 320 is longer than that of the first ultraviolet light source 310, so as to ensure the photooxidation effect and the ozonolysis oxidation effect.
In an embodiment, if the second uv light source 320 is a strip lamp, the length of the second uv light source 320 is the length of the strip lamp, and if the second uv light source 320 is composed of a plurality of lamp beads, the length of the second uv light source 320 is the arrangement length of the plurality of lamp beads.
In an embodiment, the heating assembly 500 includes a first heater 510 and at least two second heaters 520, all the second heaters 520 are disposed at intervals along the conveying direction a of the material conveying assembly 200, the first heater 510 is disposed between two adjacent second heaters 520, the position of the first heater 510 corresponds to the position of the first uv light source 310, and the position of each second heater 520 corresponds to the position of a second uv light source 320. Under the heating condition, the decomposition of ozone can be promoted, so that the effect of promoting the oxidative aging of the adhesive can be ensured by keeping the second heater 520 on at the position corresponding to the second ultraviolet light source 320, and the ozone can be generated by promoting the oxygen on the position corresponding to the first ultraviolet light source 310, so that the first heater 510 can be selected to be turned off, so that the temperature of the position corresponding to the first ultraviolet light source 310 can be properly reduced, and the generation of ozone can be promoted.
In this embodiment, the material conveying assembly 200 includes a conveying belt 210, a driving wheel 220 and a driven wheel 230, the conveying belt 210 is wound around the driving wheel 220 and the driven wheel 230, the heating assembly 500 is disposed between the driving wheel 220 and the driven wheel 230 and between the upper conveying belt 210 and the lower conveying belt 210, and the first heater 510 and the second heater 520 are arranged along the length direction of the conveying belt 210. Since the battery material is placed on the upper conveyor belt 210, the distance between the first heater 510 and the second heater 520 and the battery material can be shortened by providing the first heater 510 and the second heater 520 between the upper conveyor belt 210 and the lower conveyor belt 210, and the heating effect on the battery material can be improved.
In other embodiments, the material conveying assembly 200 may be of other types of structures, such as roller conveying structures, so long as the conveyance of the battery material is enabled.
In this embodiment, the battery material decomposing apparatus 10 further includes a decomposing controller and ozone concentration detectors 600, the ozone concentration detectors 600 are consistent with the first uv light sources 310 in number, each ozone concentration detector 600 is disposed on one side of the second uv light source 320 near the corresponding first uv light source 310 along the flowing direction b of ozone, and the ozone concentration detector 600 is located between the material conveying assembly 200 and the uv light source assembly 300. The ozone concentration detector 600 and the first heater 510 are electrically connected to a decomposition controller, and the decomposition controller is used for controlling the operation of the first heater 510 according to the detection signal of the ozone concentration detector 600. Since the heating promotes the decomposition of ozone and reduces the ozone generating effect, the on and off of the first heater 510 can be controlled by detecting the ozone concentration of the side of the second ultraviolet light source 320 near the first ultraviolet light source 310. If the concentration is high, the first heater 510 can be kept on, and if the concentration is low, the first heater 510 can be controlled to be turned off, so that the ozone generating effect is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in an embodiment, the battery material decomposition device 10 further includes a heat pump assembly 700 and a cooling assembly 800, the cooling assembly 800 is disposed on a side wall of the decomposition body 100 where the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is disposed, and is used for cooling the ultraviolet light source assembly 300, and the heat pump assembly 700 is connected to the cooling assembly 800 and is used for cooling the cooling assembly 800. Because the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is disposed in the decomposition chamber 110, and the heating assembly 500 is used for heating the decomposition chamber 110, the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is affected by heat of the ultraviolet light source assembly 300, and is affected by heat generated by the heating assembly 500, so that the temperature of the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is high, and the use stability is affected. By providing the cooling assembly 800 to cool the uv light source assembly 300, the reliability of the use of the uv light source assembly 300 can be improved.
Specifically, the ozone generator 400 is installed on the outer wall of the decomposition body 100 on the side where the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is provided, and the cooling assembly 800 is provided on the side wall of the decomposition body 100 and on the ozone generator 400 and serves to cool down the ozone generator 400. The ozone generator 400 also needs to be cooled when in use, so that the ozone generator 400 is installed on the outer wall of the side of the decomposition body 100 provided with the ultraviolet light source assembly 300, the installation space of the cooling assembly 800 can be saved, and the ozone generator 400 is cooled while the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is cooled.
Further, the cooling assembly 800 includes a cooling unit 810, a heat exchanger 820 and a cooling driving pump 830, the cooling unit 810, the heat exchanger 820 and the cooling driving pump 830 are connected to form a cooling medium circulation loop, the cooling unit 810 is disposed on the sidewall of the decomposition body 100 and the ozone generator 400, the heat pump assembly 700 is connected between the cooling unit 810 and the heat exchanger 820, the flow direction of the cooling medium by the cooling driving pump 830 is the direction from the heat exchanger 820 to the heat pump assembly 700, and the gas exhausted from the exhaust end 410 of the ozone generator 400 can enter the gas inlet 120 of the decomposition body 100 through the heat exchanger 820. When the cooling device is used, the relatively hot cooling medium subjected to heat exchange by the cooling unit 810 enters the heat exchanger 820, and part of heat of the cooling medium can be absorbed by ozone discharged from the heat exchanger 820 and enters the decomposition cavity 110, so that heat recovery after heat exchange of the cooling medium is realized. The cooling medium passing through the heat exchanger 820 is cooled by the heat pump assembly 700 and then enters the cooling unit 810 again to cool the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 and the ozone generator 400. By providing the heat exchanger 820, heat recovery is effectively achieved, energy consumption in the decomposition chamber 110 is reduced, and energy consumption of the heat pump assembly 700 is reduced.
In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 820 is disposed near the air inlet 120 of the decomposition body 100. Because ozone is easily decomposed after being heated, so that the heated ozone can enter the decomposition cavity 110 at a short distance, in order to ensure the oxidation effect of the active oxygen decomposed by ozone.
In one embodiment, the cooling unit 810 includes a first cooler 812 and a second cooler 814, the first cooler 812 and the second cooler 814 are connected in parallel in the cooling medium circulation loop, wherein the first cooler 812 is disposed on a sidewall of the decomposition body 100 where the ultraviolet light source assembly 300 is disposed, and the second cooler 814 is disposed adjacent to the first cooler 812 and is mounted on the ozone generator 400. Specifically, the heat pump assembly 700 includes a compressor 710, a condenser 720, a throttling element 730, and an evaporator 740, wherein the compressor 710, the condenser 720, the throttling element 730, and the evaporator 740 are sequentially connected to form a refrigerant circulation loop, and the evaporator 740 is disposed between the heat exchanger 820 and the cooling unit 810. The first cooler 812 can cool the ultraviolet light source assembly 300, the second cooler 814 can cool the ozone generator 400, and the first cooler 812 and the second cooler 814 are arranged adjacently, so that the installation space can be reduced, and the compactness of the structure is facilitated.
In one embodiment, the cooling assembly 800 further includes a reservoir regulator 840, the reservoir regulator 840 being connected in series in the cooling medium circulation circuit, the reservoir regulator 840 being configured to regulate a pressure of the cooling medium in the cooling medium circulation circuit.
In an embodiment, the crushing device of the waste battery recycling system may include a disassembling crusher and a grinding crusher, wherein the disassembling crusher is used for disassembling an external metal shell of the discharged waste battery, then separating a positive plate and a negative plate of the battery, and shearing, extruding and tearing the positive plate and the negative plate respectively to crush an electric core of the battery into smaller battery fragments. The shredded battery fragments after the disassembly crusher are fed into the grind crusher for further crushing into smaller particles for subsequent efficient aging of the binder into the battery material decomposing device 10.
In one embodiment, an air flow crusher is further included between the battery material decomposing device 10 and the sieving device, and the air flow crusher is used for crushing and separating the aged battery material under high-speed air flow to obtain the mixed powder of the electrode metal particles and the electrode powder.
In one embodiment, the screening device further comprises a magnetic separator and a separator, wherein the materials crushed by the airflow of the airflow crusher are conveyed into the magnetic separator for magnetic separation, and the steel shell is separated. Then the metal particles and the polar powder are separated by the separator.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., these terms refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In this application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (9)

1. A battery material decomposition device, characterized in that the battery material decomposition device comprises:
the decomposition body is internally provided with a decomposition cavity;
the material conveying assembly is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is used for conveying battery materials along the conveying direction;
the ultraviolet light source assembly is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is positioned above the material conveying assembly, and the ultraviolet light source assembly is used for emitting ultraviolet light to the material conveying assembly; the ultraviolet light source assembly comprises a first ultraviolet light source and at least two second ultraviolet light sources, wherein the first ultraviolet light source is used for emitting ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 170nm-200nm, the second ultraviolet light source is used for emitting ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 300nm-400nm, all the second ultraviolet light sources are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction, and the first ultraviolet light source is arranged between two adjacent second ultraviolet light sources; along the conveying direction, the length of the second ultraviolet light source tends to increase;
the ozone generator is used for generating ozone, the decomposing body is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are both communicated with the decomposing cavity, the air inlet is formed at a position close to the discharging end of the material conveying assembly, the air outlet is formed at a position close to the feeding end of the material conveying assembly, and the air outlet end of the ozone generator is connected with the air inlet of the decomposing body so that the flowing direction of the ozone in the decomposing cavity is opposite to the conveying direction;
the heating component is arranged in the decomposition cavity and is used for heating the decomposition cavity; the heating assembly comprises a first heater and at least two second heaters, all the second heaters are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material conveying assembly, the first heaters are arranged between two adjacent second heaters, the positions of the first heaters correspond to the positions of the first ultraviolet light sources, and the positions of each second heater correspond to the positions of one second ultraviolet light source;
the ozone concentration detectors are consistent with the first ultraviolet light sources in number, each ozone concentration detector is arranged on one side, close to the corresponding first ultraviolet light source, of the second ultraviolet light source along the flowing direction of ozone, and the ozone concentration detector is positioned between the material conveying assembly and the ultraviolet light source assembly; the ozone concentration detector and the first heater are electrically connected with the decomposition controller, and the decomposition controller is used for controlling the operation of the first heater according to the detection signal of the ozone concentration detector.
2. The battery material decomposition apparatus of claim 1, wherein a length of said second ultraviolet light source is greater than a length of said first ultraviolet light source.
3. The battery material decomposing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material transporting assembly includes a transporting belt, a driving pulley and a driven pulley, the transporting belt is wound around the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the heating assembly is disposed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley and between the transporting belt above and the transporting belt below, and the first heater and the second heater are disposed in a line along a length direction of the transporting belt.
4. A battery material decomposing device as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a heat pump assembly and a cooling assembly, wherein said ozone generator is mounted on an outer wall of a side of said decomposing body on which said ultraviolet light source assembly is provided, said cooling assembly is provided on an outer wall of a side of said decomposing body and on said ozone generator and is configured to cool said ultraviolet light source assembly and said ozone generator, and said heat pump assembly is connected to said cooling assembly and is configured to cool said cooling assembly.
5. The battery material decomposing device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cooling assembly comprises a cooling unit, a heat exchanger and a cooling driving pump, the cooling unit, the heat exchanger and the cooling driving pump are connected with each other to form a cooling medium circulation loop, the cooling unit is arranged on an outer wall of one side of the decomposing body and the ozone generator, the heat pump assembly is connected between the cooling unit and the heat exchanger, and the cooling driving pump is used for driving the flow direction of the cooling medium to be the direction from the heat exchanger to the heat pump assembly, and the gas exhausted from the exhaust end of the ozone generator can enter the gas inlet of the decomposing body through the heat exchanger.
6. The battery material decomposition apparatus of claim 5, wherein said heat exchanger is disposed proximate to an air inlet of said decomposition body.
7. The battery material decomposition apparatus of claim 5, wherein said cooling unit comprises a first cooler and a second cooler, said first cooler and said second cooler being connected in parallel in a cooling medium circulation loop, wherein said first cooler is disposed on a side wall of said decomposition body where said ultraviolet light source assembly is disposed, said second cooler is disposed adjacent to said first cooler and is mounted on said ozone generator, said heat pump assembly comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element, and an evaporator, said compressor, said condenser, said throttling element, and said evaporator being connected in sequence to form a cooling medium circulation loop, said evaporator being disposed between said heat exchanger and said cooling unit.
8. The battery material decomposition apparatus of claim 6, wherein the cooling assembly further comprises a reservoir regulator connected in series in the cooling medium circulation circuit, the reservoir regulator for regulating a pressure of the cooling medium in the cooling medium circulation circuit.
9. The waste battery recycling system is characterized by comprising:
the crushing device is used for crushing the waste batteries;
the battery material decomposition device according to any one of claims 1-8, disposed downstream of the crushing device, the material delivery assembly having a loading end that interfaces with a discharge end of the crushing device; and
The screening device is arranged at the downstream of the battery material decomposing device, the discharging end of the battery material decomposing device is in butt joint with the feeding end of the screening device, and the screening device is used for screening battery materials.
CN202410040786.3A 2024-01-11 2024-01-11 Battery material decomposition device and waste battery recycling system Active CN117559026B (en)

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JPH08316185A (en) * 1995-05-15 1996-11-29 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd Ultraviolet treatment apparatus
CN1485287A (en) * 2002-09-28 2004-03-31 财团法人工业技术研究院 System and method for removing organic oxide from waste water
CN206163654U (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-10 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 Retrieve cathode material's device in follow waste battery pole piece
CN108114969A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-06-05 广州中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所分所 Power battery monomer harmless disassembly separation platform and method
KR102462313B1 (en) * 2022-07-12 2022-11-03 주식회사 이디엔지니어링 Li-ion battery recycling system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220271356A1 (en) * 2021-02-10 2022-08-25 Hulico LLC Electrochemically recycling a lithium-ion battery

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08316185A (en) * 1995-05-15 1996-11-29 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd Ultraviolet treatment apparatus
CN1485287A (en) * 2002-09-28 2004-03-31 财团法人工业技术研究院 System and method for removing organic oxide from waste water
CN206163654U (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-10 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 Retrieve cathode material's device in follow waste battery pole piece
CN108114969A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-06-05 广州中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所分所 Power battery monomer harmless disassembly separation platform and method
KR102462313B1 (en) * 2022-07-12 2022-11-03 주식회사 이디엔지니어링 Li-ion battery recycling system

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