CN117554763A - 10kV power cable multi-section laying breakdown cause judging and positioning method - Google Patents
10kV power cable multi-section laying breakdown cause judging and positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117554763A CN117554763A CN202311541746.9A CN202311541746A CN117554763A CN 117554763 A CN117554763 A CN 117554763A CN 202311541746 A CN202311541746 A CN 202311541746A CN 117554763 A CN117554763 A CN 117554763A
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging and positioning a breakdown cause of a 10kV power cable in multi-section laying, which belongs to the field of cable fault judgment and comprises the following steps: carrying out split-phase test on the test cable, carrying out withstand voltage test on the 10kV power cable of the test phase, and collecting test data and cable appearance of the broken down 10kV power cable; judging a breakdown cause based on the experimental data and the cable appearance; based on the breakdown cause, the breakdown position is determined by a two-head measurement method. The invention can accurately judge the cable breakdown cause and position the breakdown position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cable fault judgment, in particular to a method for judging and positioning a breakdown cause of a 10kV power cable in multi-section laying.
Background
The electric energy is one of the very important energy in the era, is the most important energy for future development, has higher and higher requirements on cables along with the improvement of living standard of people, and has important performance indexes such as flame retardance, fire resistance, environmental protection, safety, long service life and the like besides the structural performance and the electrifying performance of the cables. However, the cable is used as a blood vessel of national economy, and most importantly, the cable is used for ensuring the electric energy transmission. However, for a 10kV conventional power cable, the common laying environment is usually a cable pit, an underground penetrating pipe and an underground direct burial, and the passing environment is usually a hard object such as sand, soil, concrete and the like, so that the cable is often scratched, crushed and the like to influence the cable to fail; therefore, in order to ensure the normal operation of the cable, the installation and the construction standard is required to be followed during the installation and the laying, so that the cable is not damaged by machinery and the like. Meanwhile, when the cable encounters a fault, the fault point of the cable is required to be accurately positioned and removed in time, repair treatment is carried out, normal power supply of the cable is ensured, and the requirements of industrial electricity and domestic electricity of people are ensured.
However, a method for precisely positioning the fault point of the cable is still lacking at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a10 kV power cable multi-section laying breakdown cause judging and positioning method comprises the following steps:
carrying out split-phase test on the test cable, carrying out withstand voltage test on the 10kV power cable of the test phase, and collecting test data and cable appearance of the broken down 10kV power cable;
judging a breakdown cause based on the experimental data and the cable appearance;
based on the breakdown cause, the breakdown position is determined by a two-head measurement method.
Optionally, the withstand voltage experiment is carried out by adopting a high-voltage constant current source, the no-load voltage of the high-voltage constant current source is 15kV, and the short-circuit current is 30mA.
Optionally, the experimental data includes breakdown voltage, breakdown current, and direct current withstand voltage complete breakdown time.
Optionally, the breakdown causes include cable construction mechanical damage, cable intermediate joint breakdown, and cable itself insulation failure.
Optionally, the method for judging the damage of the cable construction machine comprises the following steps: when the voltage withstand test is carried out, the voltage is 0V, the current is more than 10mA, and the appearance is obviously scratched, so that the breakdown is judged to be caused by mechanical damage of cable construction.
Optionally, the method for judging breakdown of the cable intermediate connector includes: when the voltage withstand test is carried out, when the set voltage is 10kV, the cable voltage is between 7kV and 9kV, the insulation resistance is not reduced, the cable always has voltage when the voltage is boosted, the joint position has weak clear and crisp power supply sound, the joint surface has thermal sensation, and the breakdown cause is judged to be the breakdown of the middle joint of the cable.
Optionally, the method for judging the insulation fault of the cable comprises the following steps: when the voltage withstand test is carried out, when the set voltage is 10kV and the cable voltage is between 6kV and 8kV, the set voltage is increased to 15kV, and if the cable breaks down completely and has no abnormal appearance and a clear and crisp pulse signal, the breakdown is judged to be caused by the insulation fault of the cable.
Optionally, the process of determining the breakdown location by two-head measurement includes: positioning current and sensitivity of withstand voltage experimental equipment are selected according to breakdown reasons;
respectively connecting withstand voltage experimental equipment to two ends of a cable for measurement and calculation to obtain a breakdown position;
when measuring is carried out on one side of the cable, connecting the conductor of the wire core to be measured of the cable with the conductor of any one wire core of the other two wires, simultaneously connecting the copper shielding layer, and carrying out measurement calculation on the two connected wire cores to obtain a breakdown position.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a 10kV cable laying field cross-linking insulation breakdown fault analysis and positioning method, which can accurately judge the breakdown cause through the display and data analysis of equipment, and can make breakdown positioning selection through judgment even if the equipment cannot meet the field positioning after determining the breakdown cause. The cable construction fault is solved, and the cable construction fault is quickly repaired and smoothly electrified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of cable core connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for judging and positioning breakdown cause of multi-section laying of a 10kV power cable, and analyzing and judging breakdown cause data (see table 1):
TABLE 1
The specific judging and positioning method is as follows:
the cable breakdown judgment is caused by the fact that the cable installation construction is not standard:
in general, breakdown of cable crosslinked insulation due to external pressure is easy from a decision point of view. Generally, the breakdown phenomenon is obvious in cable fault points and has damage. When the pulse voltage test is performed, the voltage is almost 0V, and the current is more than 10 mA. The positioning is accurate, the positioning sensitivity can be maximized, and the fault point which is measured is well searched.
Determination of breakdown failure of cable intermediate cold shrink joint:
this determination is difficult, and it is common to the insulation defect of the cable itself. When the voltage withstand voltage detection is carried out by adopting a direct current power supply, if the voltage is set to be 10kV, the voltage is between 7kV and 9kV for a long time in the direct current voltage withstand process, meanwhile, the insulation resistance is hardly reduced by detecting through a 5000V cradle, the breakdown voltage is gradually reduced to between 5kV and 8kV along with the increase of the voltage withstand time, and the voltage of the cable always exists during the voltage boosting. In positioning, the positioning sensitivity is poor, and the calibration difficulty is increased. When we are performing the inter-junction positioning, we first decide through the contents of table 1, once it is determined that the inter-junction breaks down. The direct current for positioning the equipment can be increased, and the equipment can be opened to 20 mA-30 mA according to experience to perform positioning. When the positioning interval is larger, the position of the middle joint can be judged according to the construction drawing, and site confirmation is carried out. When the field personnel arrive at the appointed position of the breakdown middle joint, the joint can be heard through the pulse power supply, the joint has weak and crisp power supply sound, and the joint has a thermal sensation which is obviously different from other parts of the cable. This is what can be determined to be a splice breakdown.
Insulation defect fault determination of the cable:
in general, breakdown occurs in an insulation defect of a cable, that is, in a case where no factory test is found, a fault point initially has insulation performance. If this happens for a cable rated at 26/35kV, even the phenomenon of "high resistance breakdown" in our term will occur, i.e. the cable itself has broken down, but the insulation resistance is still in a good condition, due to the insulation still being of sufficient thickness and strength, and the voltage remains in a certain range. When the voltage rises again, the leakage current increases, creating a breakdown. If we see that the voltage is maintained between 6kV and 8kV, the direct current voltage is increased to 15kV, the cable is expected to break down completely after the cable is stabilized for a period of time, and the positioning is more accurate. However, when the field searching is carried out, the appearance is free from any abnormality, and the pulse power supply is needed to be used for complete positioning. The locating and searching after the cable insulation breakdown is obvious in sound of the breakdown pulse point, accurate in locating and easy to search.
The method for positioning the breakdown of the 10kV power cable in the multi-section laying way comprises the following steps:
in summary, after determining the cause of the cable breakdown, the breakdown positioning is performed, the cable with multiple sections of connections has a large cable length, and the middle joint can affect the resistance of the cable, thereby affecting the positioning accuracy. Generally, it is difficult to make a large length of cable accurate (reference to a large length of cable refers to a cable of 1500m to 2000m after installation is complete), the requirements on equipment, power requirements, and experience of the tester are important when making measurements, and most measuring positioners are controlled to be even within 1000m, as opposed to 500m in the face of finished cable laying on site. The following explains how to use a limited positioning device to meet the breakdown positioning of a cable with a large length, i am the earliest two-head measurement method.
The device positioning principle is as follows:
the equipment adopts a switching power supply to form a high-voltage constant current source, the no-load voltage is 15kV, the short-circuit current is 30mA, the volume is small, and the weight is light. A balance bridge is formed by a high-sensitivity amplifier and a galvanometer for indicating balance and a proportional potentiometer, and the balance bridge is integrally placed at high potential. The cable is reliably grounded through the braided shielding layer, an operating button on the panel is at the ground potential, and the bridge is operated through the insulating rod. The operating buttons on the panel are at ground potential and the bridge is operated by the insulating rod. The specially designed double-core high-voltage rubber measuring cable has the advantages that the copper mesh braided shielding layer is reliably grounded, and the use is safe. The four-terminal resistance measurement method avoids errors introduced by lead resistances. The high-voltage constant current source and the bridge are integrated in a portable aluminum alloy box. High voltage, light weight and convenient operation. Compared with the wave reflection method, the bridge balancing method has no blind area, is particularly suitable for judging short cables, breakdown points close to the ends, fault points with poor wave characteristics and the like, and is easy to operate.
The device is provided with a red clip end and a black clip end, and each end is provided with two clips with a size; the large clip is used for the wire core and the small clip is used for shielding and grounding. By the bridge principle, a red clip end is taken as a calculation direction, and when the red clip and the black clip are exchanged, a test data is generated;
application example, in which a 2500m finished cable is laid on site, the red core breaks down, and is divided into 5 sections (500+500+500+500+500), 4 cold shrink joints are arranged in the middle, and measurement is carried out at one end of the cable:
the red wire core and the yellow wire core conductors at the other end of the cable are tightly bound together, cannot be connected by small copper wires, and are connected by two-phase conductors and conductors, and copper shields are connected.
A. The highest sensitivity of the equipment;
the data of the red clip red wire core are: 522.
The data of the black clip yellow wire core are: 478 with a third gear;
calculation of the breakdown point: from the red clip at 522/1000×2500×2=2610 meters, from the black clip at 478/1000×2500×2=2390 meters; from this, it can be seen that the breakdown point is 2390 meters from the measurement position, and from the position of 110 meters from the other end, there is no intermediate joint, for example, the breakdown current is stable, and it can be determined that the cable should be an external damage or an insulation defect itself;
B. the sensitivity of the equipment is high, and the voltage is 1kV;
the data of the red clip red wire core are: 101;
the data of the black clip yellow wire core are: 898;
calculation of the breakdown point: from the red clip, 101++1000×2500×2=505 meters, from the black clip, 898++1000×2500×2=4490 meters; 4490+505=4995 meters is less than 5000, but from the sensitivity and incomplete breakdown, it is not precisely located, but the cause of breakdown can be analyzed as middle joint breakdown. It can be seen that the breakdown point is approximately at the first intermediate joint location (500 meters in finished product).
C. For a positioning bridge with length requirements, (assuming that the maximum allowed positioning cable length is 1000 meters)
For the positioning bridge with the limitation of the positioning length, the maximum positioning cable length of 1000 meters is allowed to be insufficient to meet the positioning of 2500 meter finished products (total 5000 meter cores), the calculated proportion of the breakdown point can be calculated through experience, and the position of the breakdown point can be obtained through conversion of the actual cable length.
For example:
the data of the red clip red wire core are: 201;
the data of the black clip yellow wire core are: 799;
the maximum input length of the equipment is 1000 meters;
the length calculated by the device is: a position of 202/1000× (1000×2) =404 meters from the red clip, a position of 799/1000× (1000×2) =1598 meters from the black clip, corresponding to 598 meters from the end of the finished cable black clip; (first, the breakdown ratio of the rated section length is calculated)
The conversion is as follows: clip in from red D 1
404/1000＝D 1 2500, wherein D 1 ＝1010
Go into D from black clip 2
598/1000＝D 2 2500, wherein D 2 ＝1495
1010+1495=2505 is greater than 2500, but from the sensitivity and not complete breakdown, it is not precisely located, but the cause of breakdown can be analyzed as middle joint breakdown. It can be seen that the breakdown point is approximately at the second intermediate joint location (1000 meters in finished product, i.e. at the second intermediate joint).
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The method for judging and positioning the breakdown cause of the multi-section laying of the 10kV power cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
carrying out split-phase test on the test cable, carrying out withstand voltage test on the 10kV power cable of the test phase, and collecting test data and cable appearance of the broken down 10kV power cable;
judging a breakdown cause based on the experimental data and the cable appearance;
based on the breakdown cause, the breakdown position is determined by a two-head measurement method.
2. The method for judging and locating the cause of the multi-segment laying breakdown of the 10kV power cable according to claim 1, wherein,
the withstand voltage experiment is carried out by adopting a high-voltage constant current source, the no-load voltage of the high-voltage constant current source is 15kV, and the short-circuit current is 30mA.
3. The method for judging and locating the cause of the multi-segment laying breakdown of the 10kV power cable according to claim 1, wherein,
the experimental data include breakdown voltage, breakdown current, and direct current withstand voltage complete breakdown time.
4. The method for judging and locating the cause of the multi-segment laying breakdown of the 10kV power cable according to claim 1, wherein,
the breakdown causes include cable construction mechanical damage, cable intermediate joint breakdown, and cable itself insulation failure.
5. The method for determining and locating the cause of breakdown in multi-segment laying of 10kV power cables according to claim 4, wherein,
the judging method for the mechanical damage of the cable construction comprises the following steps: when the voltage withstand test is carried out, the voltage is 0V, the current is more than 10mA, and the appearance is obviously scratched, so that the breakdown is judged to be caused by mechanical damage of cable construction.
6. The method for determining and locating the cause of breakdown in multi-segment laying of 10kV power cables according to claim 4, wherein,
the method for judging breakdown of the cable intermediate connector comprises the following steps: when the voltage withstand test is carried out, when the set voltage is 10kV, the cable voltage is between 7kV and 9kV, the insulation resistance is not reduced, the cable always has voltage when the voltage is boosted, the joint position has weak clear and crisp power supply sound, the joint surface has thermal sensation, and the breakdown cause is judged to be the breakdown of the middle joint of the cable.
7. The method for determining and locating the cause of breakdown in multi-segment laying of 10kV power cables according to claim 4, wherein,
the judging method of the insulation fault of the cable comprises the following steps: when the voltage withstand test is carried out, when the set voltage is 10kV and the cable voltage is between 6kV and 8kV, the set voltage is increased to 15kV, and if the cable breaks down completely and has no abnormal appearance and a clear and crisp pulse signal, the breakdown is judged to be caused by the insulation fault of the cable.
8. The method for judging and locating the cause of the multi-segment laying breakdown of the 10kV power cable according to claim 1, wherein,
the process of determining the breakdown location by two-head measurement includes: positioning current and sensitivity of withstand voltage experimental equipment are selected according to breakdown reasons;
respectively connecting withstand voltage experimental equipment to two ends of a cable for measurement and calculation to obtain a breakdown position;
when measuring is carried out on one side of the cable, connecting the conductor of the wire core to be measured of the cable with the conductor of any one wire core of the other two wires, simultaneously connecting the copper shielding layer, and carrying out measurement calculation on the two connected wire cores to obtain a breakdown position.
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