CN110412418B - Insulation tubular bus insulation diagnosis and positioning method based on grounding current measurement - Google Patents

Insulation tubular bus insulation diagnosis and positioning method based on grounding current measurement Download PDF

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CN110412418B
CN110412418B CN201910662147.XA CN201910662147A CN110412418B CN 110412418 B CN110412418 B CN 110412418B CN 201910662147 A CN201910662147 A CN 201910662147A CN 110412418 B CN110412418 B CN 110412418B
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grounding
current
section
insulation
voltage
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CN110412418A (en
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刘睿
朱思瑞
李文佩
阮羚
任想
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to US16/648,114 priority patent/US10948532B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/070476 priority patent/WO2021012639A1/en
Priority to EP20711768.0A priority patent/EP3798650B1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
    • G01R31/1245Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of line insulators or spacers, e.g. ceramic overhead line cap insulators; of insulators in HV bushings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
    • G01R27/2605Measuring capacitance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088Aspects of digital computing

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method for an insulation tubular bus based on grounding current measurement, which comprises the following steps: testing wiring and applying alternating voltage; measuring the current flowing through each grounding down lead and relevant test parameters; comparing the grounding current values of the insulating tubular buses of different grounding sections in unit length; comparing the grounding current of the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus with the calculated value of the capacitance current under the corresponding voltage and frequency of the grounding section; step five, diagnosing the insulation state and realizing defect positioning according to the numerical comparison result; and step six, finishing insulation diagnosis and defect positioning, and removing the wire. According to the structural characteristics of multi-section connection and sectional grounding of the insulated tubular bus, the invention provides the insulated diagnosis and defect positioning method which needs less equipment, is simple to implement, has strong pertinence to common defects and hidden dangers of the equipment and is convenient to execute on an overhaul site in order to solve the problems of quick diagnosis and defect positioning of the insulated state of the equipment.

Description

Insulation tubular bus insulation diagnosis and positioning method based on grounding current measurement
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission and distribution, in particular to a multi-section grounding insulation tubular bus insulation diagnosis and positioning method based on grounding current measurement.
Background
The insulated tubular bus is a current-carrying device which takes a copper or aluminum metal round tube as a conductor, is wrapped with insulation and has a grounding shielding layer on the surface, the current common voltage grade is 6 kV-35 kV, and the current-carrying device is mostly used for connecting the low-voltage side of a transformer and a switch cabinet. Due to the unique structural characteristics, the novel composite material has the outstanding advantages of large current-carrying capacity, good mechanical performance, safety, space saving, small maintenance capacity and good weather resistance. With the development trend of modern power transmission requirements of large capacity, compactness, high safety and high environmental compatibility, the insulated tubular bus is widely applied to meet the development requirements.
However, the equipment is different from a semi-insulating bus bar and a closed bus which are adopted in a large current confluence part in the prior art, and the operation reliability of the insulating tubular bus equipment is determined by the solid insulation state of the insulating tubular bus equipment. In the operation, maintenance and overhaul processes of the existing equipment, a method for detecting common insulation problems of the equipment with strong pertinence and diagnosing the state of the equipment is lacked, so that the state of the equipment is not controlled, a plurality of defects/hidden dangers cannot be found in the early stage, the equipment is finally insulated and broken down, a short-circuit fault occurs, power failure is caused, and the connected equipment such as a transformer and a switch cabinet can be damaged in serious conditions, so that great loss is caused. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for diagnosing the insulation state of such a device.
Meanwhile, the equipment integrates multiple sections and is grounded in sections, and although the grounding mode is complex, the equipment provides convenience for detecting the insulation state of the equipment and even positioning faults. Therefore, the insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method of the insulating tubular bus based on the grounding current measurement is possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method which has the advantages of less required equipment, simple implementation, strong pertinence to common defects and hidden dangers of the equipment and convenience in implementation on an overhaul site, and aims to solve the problems of quick diagnosis and defect positioning of the insulation state of the equipment by utilizing the structural characteristics of multi-section connection and sectional grounding of an insulation tubular bus.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method for an insulation tubular bus based on grounding current measurement comprises the following steps:
step one, testing wiring and applying alternating voltage:
step two, measuring the current flowing through each grounding down lead and relevant test parameters:
(1) recording and measuring voltage amplitude U when grounding down conductor currenttAnd a frequency f;
(2) identifying the grounding section of the insulated tubular bus according to the line grounding wire and the ground shield short-circuit wire;
(3) measuring the length l of the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus, and recording the number, serial number and length of intermediate joints contained in the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus;
(4) measuring the test voltage U of each section of grounding down leadtThe current I passing through;
comparing the grounding current values of different grounding section insulating tubular buses in unit length: applying voltage amplitudes U at different ground sectionstComparing the grounding current I/l in unit length when the frequency f is consistent and the structure is similar;
comparing the grounding current of the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus with the calculated value of capacitance and current under the corresponding voltage and frequency of the grounding section:
according to the test voltage UtTest frequency f, length l of insulating tubular busbar body contained in certain grounding sectionbAnd an intermediate joint length ljOr number k, k +1, …; looking up factory experience data including the capacitance c of the body per unit lengthbCapacitance per unit length of the intermediate terminal cjAnd or intermediate joint delivery test data: the capacitance C corresponding to the number k, k +1, …jk,Cjk+1…; calculating the capacitance current value of the grounding section: i isCUt (2 pi f Σ C), where Σ C ═ Cb·lb+cj·ljOr ∑ C ═ Cb·lb+Cjk+Cjk+1+…;
After the capacitance current value of the grounding section is calculated, comparing the capacitance current value with a grounding current measured value;
step five, diagnosing the insulation state and realizing defect positioning according to the numerical comparison result of the step three and the step four;
and step six, finishing insulation diagnosis and defect positioning, and removing the wire.
Further, the first step specifically includes: connecting after disconnecting the insulated tubular bus from other equipment at two ends, applying alternating current test measurement voltage between the insulated tubular bus conductor and the grounding electrode, wherein the amplitude and the frequency of the applied voltage are selected within the following requirement ranges: voltage amplitude UtNot lower than 5kV and not higher thanVoltage level of withstand voltage test in equipment condition maintenance test; the frequency range is 30 Hz-300 Hz; the waveform is a sine waveform with approximately symmetrical positive and negative half shafts; after the wiring is finished, the proper voltage frequency is adjusted, and the voltage is gradually increased to UtAnd measuring after the voltage is maintained to be stable, and continuing until the measurement is finished.
Further, the step two is specifically as follows according to the line grounding wire and the ground shield short-circuit wire to identify the insulating tubular bus grounding section: for an insulating tubular bus with a shielding cylinder structure at the middle joint, a grounding section is formed by a body and a shielding cylinder which are connected by a ground shield short-circuit wire; if no apparent short-wire connections are shielded, the lines are considered to be segmented at the intermediate connections.
Further, the fifth step specifically includes:
(2) comparing the grounding current values of different grounding section insulated tubular buses in unit length under the same applied voltage based on insulation diagnosis and defect positioning of the grounding current value comparison result, and if the difference is less than or equal to 10%, determining that the equipment grounding current index is normal; the insulation tube type bus section with the difference of more than 10% between the cross comparison result and other sections is a defect/fault section;
for insulated tubular buses with complete manufacturer data, carrying out comparison between a grounding section grounding current measured value of the insulated tubular buses and a grounding section capacitance current calculated value, if the deviation between the grounding current of the section and the capacitance current calculated value is less than or equal to 3 percent, determining that the grounding current index is normal, otherwise, determining that the section of the insulated tubular buses are a defect/fault section;
(2) preliminary analysis of insulation anomaly reasons based on ground current numerical value comparison results
In the comparison, if the measured value of the grounding current of the insulating tubular bus at the defect/fault section is larger, the equipment is suspected to have insulation degradation, or the discharging condition exists inside the middle joint or along the end surface.
The method realizes diagnosis and defect positioning of the insulation state of the insulated tubular bus by measuring the grounding current (containing capacitance current and resistance current, collectively called as grounding current) on each grounding wire of the insulated tubular bus which is formed by multi-section combined connection and sectional grounding, comparing and analyzing the grounding current value of each grounding section in unit length, and has the advantages of less required equipment, simple implementation and convenient and fast execution on the overhaul site.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for diagnosing insulation and locating defects of an insulated tubular bus based on ground current measurement;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-section grounding insulation tubular busbar pressurization and grounding current measurement test wiring;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-section grounding insulating tubular busbar structure and a sectional mode identification method.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for carrying out insulation diagnosis and defect positioning of the insulating tubular bus based on grounding current measurement according to the flow chart shown in fig. 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, wiring is carried out according to the wiring mode shown in figure 2, and voltage is applied.
After the insulated tubular bus is disconnected from other equipment (such as a transformer, a switch cabinet and the like) at two ends, the connection is carried out according to the connection mode shown in fig. 2. An alternating current test is applied between the insulated tubular bus conductor and the grounding electrode to measure voltage, and if a multi-phase insulated tubular bus exists, the phases are simultaneously pressurized. The frequency conversion resonance method pressurization, the parallel compensation method or the direct method pressurization can be adopted. The amplitude and frequency of the applied voltage are selected within the following requirements: voltage amplitude UtNot lower than 5kV and not higher than the voltage level of withstand voltage test in equipment state overhaul test; the frequency range is 30 Hz-300 Hz; the waveform should be a sine waveform with positive and negative half shafts approximately symmetrical.
After the wiring is finished, the proper voltage frequency is adjusted, and the voltage is gradually increased to UtAnd measuring after the voltage is maintained to be stable, and continuing until the measurement is finished.
And step two, measuring the current flowing through each grounding down lead and relevant test parameters.
(1) Recording and measuring voltage amplitude U when grounding down conductor currenttAnd a frequency f;
(2) and identifying the grounding section of the insulated tubular bus according to the line grounding wire and the ground shield short wire shown in the figure 3. For an insulating tubular bus with a shielding cylinder structure at the middle joint, a grounding section is formed by a body and a shielding cylinder which are connected by a ground shield short-circuit wire; if no apparent short-wire connections are shielded, the lines are considered to be segmented at the intermediate connections.
(3) And measuring the length l of the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus, and recording the number, the serial number and the length of the middle joints contained in the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus.
(4) Measuring the test voltage U of each section of grounding down leadtLower passing current I.
Data (U) measured in this steptF, l, I) is the basis of insulation diagnosis and defect location analysis of the insulated tubular bus based on grounding current measurement.
And step three, comparing the grounding current values of the insulating tubular buses of different grounding sections in unit length.
Applying voltages (amplitude U) to different ground segmentstAnd frequency f) are consistent, and when the structures are similar (including the number and the types of the intermediate structures are consistent), the grounding current (I/l) per unit length can be compared. Grounding currents in unit length between different sections are basically equal, and when the difference is large, the insulating state of the insulating tubular bus is abnormal, and the specific judging method is shown in step five.
And step four, comparing the grounding current measured value of the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus with the calculated value of the capacitance current of the grounding section.
According to the test voltage UtTest frequency f, length l of insulating tubular busbar body contained in certain grounding sectionbAnd an intermediate joint length ljOr number k, k +1, …; looking up factory experience data including the capacitance c of the body per unit lengthbCapacitance per unit length of the intermediate terminal cjAnd or intermediate joint delivery test data: the capacitance C corresponding to the number k, k +1, …jk,Cjk+1…; calculating the capacitance current value of the grounding section: i isCUt (2 pi f Σ C), where Σ C ═ Cb·lb+cj·ljOr ∑ C ═ Cb·lb+Cjk+Cjk+1+…。
And after the capacitance current value of the grounding section is calculated, comparing the capacitance current value with the grounding current measured value. The measured value of the grounding current is basically equal to the capacitance current of the grounding section, and if the difference is large, the insulating state of the insulating tubular bus is abnormal, and the specific judgment method is shown in the fifth step.
And step five, diagnosing insulation and positioning defects according to the numerical comparison result of the step three and the step four.
(1) Comparing the grounding current values of different grounding section insulated tubular buses in unit length under the same applied voltage based on insulation diagnosis and defect positioning of the grounding current value comparison result, and if the grounding current values are approximately equal (the difference is less than or equal to 10%), considering that the equipment grounding current index is normal; the insulated tube type bus section with larger difference (difference is more than 10%) between the cross comparison result and other sections is the defect/fault section.
For the insulated tubular bus with complete manufacturer data, when the insulation state of the equipment needs to be more accurately judged, the comparison between the measured value of the grounding current of the grounding section of the insulated tubular bus and the calculated value of the capacitance and the current of the grounding section can be carried out. If the deviation between the grounding current and the calculated value of the capacitance current is very small (the deviation is less than or equal to 3 percent), the grounding current index is considered to be normal, otherwise, the section of the insulated tubular bus is a defect/fault section.
(2) Preliminary analysis of insulation anomaly reasons based on ground current numerical value comparison results
In the comparison, if the measured value of the grounding current of the insulating tubular bus at the defect/fault section is large, the equipment is suspected to have insulation degradation, or the internal part of the middle joint or the end part surface is discharged, and the like.
And step six, finishing insulation diagnosis and defect positioning, and disassembling the test wiring.
In a simulation test carried out for verifying the rationality and the effectiveness of the method, 3 sections of insulating tubular buses with the specification of 10kV/2500A produced by a certain plant are taken for simulating a pressurization test, the length of each section is 2.1m, the 1 st section is a sample with a complete insulating state, the 2 nd section is a sample with a capacitance screen caused by internal simulation internal defects, and the 3 rd section is a sample for simulating external insulation dirt (serious) and water spraying of the end part. An AC voltage of 10kV and 50Hz was applied in a pressurized manner as shown in FIG. 2. The grounding currents of the 3 sections of insulating tubular buses are measured as follows: 5.54mA, 7.21mA and 8.58 mA. Analysis can obtain:
(1) and (3) the unit length grounding current values of the 3 sections of the insulating tubular buses are 2.64mA/m, 3.43mA/m and 4.10mA/m, and the unit length grounding current values of the abnormal two ends are respectively 30% and 55% larger than that of the normal section, thereby indicating that the comparison and judgment mode in the third step is effective.
(2) The calculated values of the capacitance currents of the 3 sections of insulating tubular buses are the same (the structure and the material are the same) and are 5.50mA, the grounding current values of the 3 sections of insulating tubular buses are respectively 1%, 31% and 56% larger than the calculated values of the capacitance currents, and the comparison and judgment mode in the fourth step is effective.
When the insulation state of the insulated tubular bus with the same structure and running in a net hanging mode is good, the measurement is carried out when power is off, and when 10kV is pressurized, the grounding current per unit length of each section is close to 2.63mA/m, and the difference is not more than 10%, so that the effective distinguishing mode of the invention is further explained.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. An insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method for an insulation tubular bus based on grounding current measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, testing wiring and applying alternating voltage:
step two, measuring the current flowing through each grounding down lead and relevant test parameters:
(1) recording and measuring voltage amplitude U when grounding down conductor currenttAnd a frequency f;
(2) identifying the grounding section of the insulated tubular bus according to the line grounding wire and the ground shield short-circuit wire;
(3) measuring the length l of the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus, and recording the number, serial number and length of intermediate joints contained in the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus;
(4) measuring the test voltage U of each section of grounding down leadtThe current I passing through;
comparing the grounding current values of different grounding section insulating tubular buses in unit length: applying voltage amplitudes U at different ground sectionstComparing the grounding current I/l in unit length when the frequency f is consistent and the structure is similar;
comparing the grounding current of the grounding section of the insulating tubular bus with the calculated value of capacitance and current under the corresponding voltage and frequency of the grounding section:
according to the test voltage UtTest frequency f, length l of insulating tubular busbar body contained in certain grounding sectionbAnd an intermediate joint length ljOr number k, k +1, …; looking up factory experience data including the capacitance c of the body per unit lengthbCapacitance per unit length of the intermediate terminal cjAnd or intermediate joint delivery test data: the capacitance C corresponding to the number k, k +1, …jk,Cjk+1…; calculating the capacitance current value of the grounding section: i isCUt (2 pi f Σ C), where Σ C ═ Cb·lb+cj·ljOr ∑ C ═ Cb·lb+Cjk+Cjk+1+…;
After the capacitance current value of the grounding section is calculated, comparing the capacitance current value with a grounding current measured value;
step five, diagnosing the insulation state and realizing defect positioning according to the numerical comparison result of the step three and the step four;
and step six, finishing insulation diagnosis and defect positioning, and removing the wire.
2. The insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method based on grounding current measurement for the insulated tubular bus of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first step specifically comprises: connecting after disconnecting the insulated tubular bus from other equipment at two ends, applying alternating current test measurement voltage between the insulated tubular bus conductor and the grounding electrode, wherein the amplitude and the frequency of the applied voltage are selected within the following requirement ranges: voltage amplitude UtIs not lowAt 5kV, the voltage level is not higher than the voltage withstand test voltage level in the equipment state overhaul test; the frequency range is 30 Hz-300 Hz; the waveform is a sine waveform with approximately symmetrical positive and negative half shafts; after the wiring is finished, the proper voltage frequency is adjusted, and the voltage is gradually increased to UtAnd measuring after the voltage is maintained to be stable, and continuing until the measurement is finished.
3. The insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method based on grounding current measurement for the insulated tubular bus of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and identifying the insulating tubular bus grounding section according to the line grounding wire and the ground shield short-circuit wire in the second step specifically comprises the following steps: for an insulating tubular bus with a shielding cylinder structure at the middle joint, a grounding section is formed by a body and a shielding cylinder which are connected by a ground shield short-circuit wire; if no apparent short-wire connections are shielded, the lines are considered to be segmented at the intermediate connections.
4. The insulation diagnosis and defect positioning method based on grounding current measurement for the insulated tubular bus of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fifth step specifically comprises:
(1) insulation diagnosis and defect positioning based on grounding current numerical value comparison result
Comparing the grounding current values of different grounding section insulating tubular buses in unit length under the same applied voltage, and if the difference is less than or equal to 10%, determining that the equipment grounding current index is normal; the insulation tube type bus section with the difference of more than 10% between the cross comparison result and other sections is a defect/fault section;
for insulated tubular buses with complete manufacturer data, carrying out comparison between a grounding section grounding current measured value of the insulated tubular buses and a grounding section capacitance current calculated value, if the deviation between the grounding current of the section and the capacitance current calculated value is less than or equal to 3 percent, determining that the grounding current index is normal, otherwise, determining that the section of the insulated tubular buses are a defect/fault section;
(2) preliminary analysis of insulation anomaly reasons based on ground current numerical value comparison results
In the comparison, if the measured value of the grounding current of the insulating tubular bus at the defect/fault section is larger, the equipment is suspected to have insulation degradation, or the discharging condition exists inside the middle joint or along the end surface.
CN201910662147.XA 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 Insulation tubular bus insulation diagnosis and positioning method based on grounding current measurement Active CN110412418B (en)

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CN201910662147.XA CN110412418B (en) 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 Insulation tubular bus insulation diagnosis and positioning method based on grounding current measurement
US16/648,114 US10948532B1 (en) 2019-07-22 2020-01-06 Insulation diagnosis and positioning method for insulated bus pipe
PCT/CN2020/070476 WO2021012639A1 (en) 2019-07-22 2020-01-06 Insulation diagnosis and positioning method for insulated tube-type bus bar
EP20711768.0A EP3798650B1 (en) 2019-07-22 2020-01-06 Insulation diagnosis and locating method for insulated tube-type bus bar

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