CN117551999B - Preparation method of dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of cone crusher, dynamic cone and cone crusher - Google Patents
Preparation method of dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of cone crusher, dynamic cone and cone crusher Download PDFInfo
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- CN117551999B CN117551999B CN202410033476.9A CN202410033476A CN117551999B CN 117551999 B CN117551999 B CN 117551999B CN 202410033476 A CN202410033476 A CN 202410033476A CN 117551999 B CN117551999 B CN 117551999B
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The application provides a preparation method of a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher, a dynamic cone and the cone crusher, and relates to the technical field of coatings. The preparation method of the laser cladding coating on the moving cone surface of the cone crusher comprises the following steps: preprocessing a lining plate of the movable cone, and then adjusting the angle of the movable cone to enable the surface to be clad of the lining plate to be kept horizontal all the time in the laser cladding process; the movable cone rotates under the drive of the position changing machine, the cladding spray head is perpendicular to the surface to be clad, laser cladding is carried out from the bottom to the top of the lining plate to obtain a bottom layer, and then laser cladding is carried out from the top to the bottom of the lining plate to obtain a hard surface layer. According to the preparation method of the dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of the cone crusher, which is provided by the application, the uniformity of the cladding layer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to a preparation method of a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher, a dynamic cone and the cone crusher.
Background
A cone crusher (cone crusher) is a crushing machine suitable for raw materials in metallurgical, construction, road construction, chemical and silicate industries, crushing materials mainly by multiple extrusion and impact of a moving cone and a static cone. Therefore, the lining plates on the surfaces of the movable cone and the static cone can be severely worn by the impact, scraping and friction of ores, and are one of main wearing parts of the cone crusher. The lining board of the cone crusher is made of high manganese steel, and the high manganese steel has excellent wear resistance under the condition of strong impact abrasive wear, so the high manganese steel is commonly used for preparing shovel teeth of an excavator, lining boards and crushing walls of the cone crusher, fork boards of a jaw crusher, lining boards of a ball mill, railway frog, board hammers, hammerheads and the like. However, the newly installed high manganese steel lining plate has poor wear resistance because the work hardening does not occur yet, and the work hardening effect is remarkable along with the continuous collision and friction of the ore and the extension of the service time, so that the wear resistance of the high manganese steel lining plate is stronger and stronger. Thus, the time for the new liner plate to be installed to fully work harden can cause significant wear to the high manganese steel liner plate, affecting its overall service life.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a preparation method of a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher, a dynamic cone and the cone crusher, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher comprises the following steps:
preprocessing a lining plate of the movable cone, and then adjusting the angle of the movable cone to enable the surface to be clad of the lining plate to be kept horizontal all the time in the laser cladding process;
the movable cone is driven by the position changing machine to rotate, the cladding spray head is perpendicular to the surface to be clad, laser cladding is carried out from the bottom to the top of the lining plate to obtain a bottom layer, and then laser cladding is carried out from the top to the bottom of the lining plate to obtain a hard surface layer;
the following conditions are satisfied when preparing the priming layer: the rotation speed of the lining board at the beginning meets W 1 =vl× (1- η)/M/D, the liner during laser claddingThe rotation speed of the plate satisfies w=dw 1 /(D-2Mtcosα)；
The following conditions are satisfied when preparing the hard-face layer: the rotation speed of the lining board at the beginning meets W 2 The rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process satisfies W' =dW 2 /(d+2Mtcosα)；
Wherein W is 1 In order to prepare the lining plate rotation speed at the beginning of the priming layer, V is the linear speed of laser cladding, L is the laser spot diameter, eta is the lap rate, M is the moving speed of the cladding nozzle, D is the bottom diameter of the movable cone, W is the rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process at the beginning of the priming layer, t is the cladding time, alpha is the inclination angle of the lining plate, W 2 In order to prepare the hard surface layer, the rotation speed of the lining plate is equal to d, which is the top diameter of the movable cone, and W' is the rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process when the hard surface layer is prepared.
Preferably, the laser cladding starting point of the hard surface layer is located between two cladding layers of the priming layer.
Preferably, the material of the bottom layer is 304 or 316L stainless steel.
Preferably, the hard-facing layer comprises an iron-based alloy and titanium carbide.
Preferably, the iron-based alloy comprises, calculated as 100% by mass of the total:
less than 0.1wt% of C, 17-20 wt% of Cr, 9-11 wt% of Ni, 0.1-0.5 wt% of V, 0.5-1 wt% of Si, 0.4-0.6 wt% of B and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the particle size of the iron-based alloy and the titanium carbide are each independently 53-109 μm.
Preferably, the mass content of the titanium carbide in the hard surface layer is 20-30wt%.
Preferably, L is 3-5mm, eta is 50-70%, V is 0.04-0.06m/s, the power of laser cladding is 2000-2600W, the powder feeding rate of the cladding nozzle is 30-50g/min, and the gas flow is 2-6L/min.
The application also provides a movable cone, and the movable cone surface laser cladding coating of the cone crusher is prepared by using the preparation method.
The application also provides a cone crusher, comprising the movable cone.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application include:
according to the preparation method of the dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of the cone crusher, the surface to be clad is horizontally placed, so that the powder utilization rate is improved; the rotary speed of the movable cone lining plate is changed along with time by adjusting the rotary table in the cladding process, so that the linear speed in the cladding process is ensured to be kept uniform, and the uniformity of the cladding layer is improved. For the purpose of reducing the deformation, the two cladding layers adopt different cladding directions; cladding is carried out from the bottom to the top of the driven cone of the priming layer, the diameter of the lining plate is continuously reduced in the process, and in order to keep the linear speed of cladding unchanged, the rotating speed of the lining plate is continuously increased, and the corresponding formula is required to be satisfied; correspondingly, the hard surface layer is coated from the top to the bottom of the driven cone, the diameter of the lining plate is continuously increased in the process, and in order to keep the linear speed of coating unchanged, the rotating speed of the lining plate is continuously reduced, and the corresponding other group of formulas are required to be met.
According to the dynamic cone and the cone crusher, the wear resistance of the coating is 3 times that of high manganese steel, and the wear resistance of the dynamic cone of the cone crusher can be remarkably improved; in addition, as the surface of the dynamic cone substrate is added with a layer of hard shell, the substrate is impacted by ore continuously under the protection of the coating, pre-hardening is carried out, after the coating is completely worn, the exposed substrate is finished with work hardening, the wear resistance of the exposed substrate is improved, the serious wear generated in the initial non-work hardening process of a new lining board is avoided, and the service life is further prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a coating obtained by a conventional cladding process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cladding process in the method provided in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hard surface layer cladding start position in the method according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the microstructure of the hard-face layer obtained in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the technical scheme provided by the application, before the embodiment, the technical scheme is integrally stated, and the technical scheme is specifically as follows:
a preparation method of a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher comprises the following steps:
preprocessing a lining plate of the movable cone, and then adjusting the angle of the movable cone to enable the surface to be clad of the lining plate to be kept horizontal all the time in the laser cladding process;
the movable cone is driven by the position changing machine to rotate, the cladding spray head is perpendicular to the surface to be clad, laser cladding is carried out from the bottom to the top of the lining plate to obtain a bottom layer, and then laser cladding is carried out from the top to the bottom of the lining plate to obtain a hard surface layer;
the following conditions are satisfied when preparing the priming layer: the rotation speed of the lining board at the beginning meets W 1 =vl× (1- η)/M/D, the rotation speed of the liner during laser cladding satisfying w=dw 1 /(D-2Mtcosα)；
The following conditions are satisfied when preparing the hard-face layer: the rotation speed of the lining board at the beginning meets W 2 The rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process satisfies W' =dW 2 /(d+2Mtcosα)；
Wherein W is 1 In order to prepare the lining plate rotation speed at the beginning of the priming layer, V is the linear speed of laser cladding, L is the laser spot diameter, eta is the lap rate, M is the moving speed of the cladding nozzle, D is the bottom diameter of the movable cone, W is the rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process at the beginning of the priming layer, t is the cladding time, alpha is the inclination angle of the lining plate, W 2 For the rotational speed of the liner at the beginning of the hard face layer preparation, d is the top diameter of the moving cone, and W' is the hard face preparationAnd the rotation speed of the lining plate in the process of laser cladding during the layer.
The laser cladding is a surface modification technology developed in the 70 s of the 20 th century, and the principle is that the surface of cladding alloy powder and a metal matrix is rapidly melted, reacted and solidified by high-energy laser beam irradiation to form a cladding layer with special properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. The laser cladding surface modification technology solves the problems that the traditional technological methods such as vibration welding, argon arc welding, spraying, plating and the like cannot solve the material selection limitation, the thermal stress, the thermal deformation, the matrix material bonding strength in the technological process are difficult to ensure and the like, can realize the metallurgical bonding of the coating and the matrix, refines the structure grains, has high automation degree, is convenient for industrialization, and has wide prospect, and the application fields cover a plurality of industries such as mining machinery, petrochemical industry, electric power, railway, automobiles, ships, metallurgy, aviation and the like. The wear-resistant coating is prepared on the surface of the lining plate by adopting a laser cladding technology, so that the coating can play a role in strengthening wear resistance on one hand; on the other hand, the existence of the wear-resistant coating can protect the backing layer of the lining plate, and the backing layer below the coating finishes work hardening in the continuous impact process along with the abrasion of the coating, so that the serious abrasion generated in the initial stage of the new lining plate when the new lining plate is not work hardened is avoided, and the service life of the lining plate is further prolonged.
As shown in FIG. 1, the uniform cladding in the existing practical production process is usually realized by intermittently adjusting the speed, for example, the whole workpiece is divided into 20 parts, and the speed is adjusted once for each part of cladding, so that the whole workpiece can be roughly treated as uniform cladding. The cladding layer is stepped in actual magnification. Thus, not only is the tissue performance uneven, but also the heat input is changed in a fluctuation mode, and uneven deformation of the workpiece is easy to occur. Therefore, by researching the relation between uniformity and each parameter, the relevant conclusion of the application is drawn, so as to solve the problem.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser cladding initiation point of the hard face layer is located between two cladding layers of the primer layer.
The cladding initial position of the hard surface layer starts from the middle of two layers of the priming layer, and the lap joint mode is beneficial to stress release, heat influence reduction, deformation control and crack generation tendency reduction.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the bottom layer is 304 or 316L stainless steel.
In an alternative embodiment, the hard-facing layer comprises an iron-based alloy and titanium carbide.
In an alternative embodiment, the iron-based alloy comprises, in total 100% by mass:
less than 0.1wt% of C, 17-20 wt% of Cr, 9-11 wt% of Ni, 0.1-0.5 wt% of V, 0.5-1 wt% of Si, 0.4-0.6 wt% of B and the balance of Fe.
Alternatively, the iron-based alloy may have a Cr content of 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, or any value between 17 and 20wt%, a Ni content of 9wt%, 10wt%, 11wt%, or any value between 9 and 11wt%, a V content of 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.5wt%, or any value between 0.1 and 0.5wt%, and a Si content of 0.5wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.9wt%, 1wt%, or any value between 0.5 and 1wt%, and a B content of 0.4wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.6wt%, or any value between 0.4 and 0.6wt%, calculated on a total mass of 100%.
The iron-based alloy is austenitic stainless steel. The austenite has a face-centered cubic structure, has better toughness than martensite, can be better compatible with TiC particles in the cladding layer, and can firmly fix TiC in the cladding layer by the austenite with good toughness, so that no crack is generated when TiC is added to 30wt%.
C. The Cr and Ni elements are contained in order to form the steel into an austenite phase alone and suppress ferrite formation during cladding. In addition, the alloy does not contain Mo, and the Mo is an element forming ferrite, and has the effects of improving the pitting corrosion resistance and the high-temperature strength of steel and has little effect under the working condition of a moving cone. Mo is 1.5 times as much as Ni, and cost can be saved without using it. V can quench the tempering stability of steel, refine grains, and produce a secondary hardening effect. However, when the V content exceeds 0.5%, dendrite segregation of V tends to occur, affecting the performance of the steel. Si can be dissolved in austenite to improve the hardness and strength of steel, and also can act as a deoxidizer, but when Si exceedsAt 1% this results in a significant decrease in the impact toughness of the steel. B can form high-hardness wear-resistant Fe with Fe 2 When the B content is too high, however, the formation of network boride affects the toughness of the alloy.
In an alternative embodiment, the particle size of the iron-based alloy and the titanium carbide are each independently 53-109 μm.
Alternatively, the particle sizes of the iron-based alloy and the titanium carbide may each independently be any value between 53 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 109 μm, or 53-109 μm.
In an alternative embodiment, the mass content of the titanium carbide in the hard surface layer is 20-30wt%.
In an alternative embodiment, L is 3-5mm, eta is 50-70%, V is 0.04-0.06m/s, the power of laser cladding is 2000-2600W, the powder feeding rate of the cladding nozzle is 30-50g/min, and the gas flow rate is 2-6L/min.
Alternatively, L may be any value between 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or 3-5mm, η may be any value between 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70% or 50-70%, V may be any value between 0.04m/s, 0.05m/s, 0.06m/s or 0.04-0.06m/s, the power of the laser cladding may be any value between 2000W, 2100W, 2200W, 2300W, 2400W, 2500W, 2600W or 2000-2600W, the powder feeding rate of the cladding nozzle may be any value between 30g/min, 40g/min, 50g/min or 30-50g/min, and the gas flow rate may be any value between 2L/min, 3L/min, 4L/min, 5L/min, 6L/min or 2-6L/min.
The application also provides a movable cone, and the movable cone surface laser cladding coating of the cone crusher is prepared by using the preparation method.
The application also provides a cone crusher, comprising the movable cone.
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustration of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a laser cladding coating on the surface of a movable cone of a cone crusher, wherein the diameter of the bottom of a lining plate is D=1.28m, d=0.48M, alpha=45°, and the moving speed of a manipulator is M=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.05 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is started 1 =3.12 rad/s, comprising the steps of:
pretreatment of a lining plate: polishing the surface of the movable cone lining plate to be smooth and clean by using an angle grinder;
preparing an iron-based laser cladding material: mixing 75% of iron-based alloy powder and 25% of TiC powder in a mixer for 180min, heating at 85 ℃ for 2h after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain the iron-based laser cladding material (composite powder). Wherein the mass percent of each element of the iron-based alloy powder is C0.031 wt%, cr 17.40 wt%, ni 10.48 wt%, V0.33 wt%, si 0.73 wt%, B0.52 wt%, and the balance being Fe. The granularity of the Fe-based alloy powder and TiC is 53-109 mu m.
Preparing a priming layer: the cladding material is 316L powder, and the granularity is 53-109 mu m. As shown in fig. 2, the movable cone lining plate is mounted on a position changing machine, the angle of the lining plate is adjusted, the lining plate surface to be clad is kept horizontal, a manipulator is kept vertical to the bottom of the movable cone lining plate to the top of the movable cone for cladding, and the moving speed of the manipulator is m=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.05 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is started 1 In the cladding process, the rotary speed of the rotary table for the movable cone lining plate is adjusted to change W=DW along with the time t 1 /(D-2Mtcosα)=1.28×3.12/(1.28-2×2×10 -5 ×0.71t)=4/(1.28-2.84×10 -5 t). The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2200W, the powder feeding is 35g/min, and the gas flow is 4L/min.
Preparing a hard surface layer: the cladding material is a prepared composite powder. Adjusting machineThe manipulator makes its cladding start position be the position in the middle of two cladding traces, as shown in fig. 3. The manipulator is kept to vertically weld from the top to the bottom of the driven cone lining plate, and the moving speed of the manipulator is M=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.05 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is started 2 8.31rad/s, and in the cladding process, the rotary speed of the rotary table for the movable cone lining plate is adjusted to change W=dW along with the time t 2 /(d+2Mtcosα)=4/(0.48+2×2×10 -5 ×0.71t)=4/(0.48+2.84×10 -5 t). The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2600W, the powder feeding is 40g/min, and the gas flow is 4.5L/min.
The resulting hard-face layer microstructure photograph is shown in fig. 4.
The average service time of the lining plate before cladding is 150h, the lining plate is lifted to 252h after cladding, and the service life is prolonged by 68%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a laser cladding coating on the surface of a movable cone of a cone crusher, wherein the diameter of the bottom of a lining plate is D=1.28m, d=0.48M, alpha=45°, and the moving speed of a manipulator is M=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=70%, cladding linear velocity V=0.05 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is started 1 =1.87 rad/s, comprising the steps of:
pretreatment of a lining plate: polishing the surface of the movable cone lining plate to be smooth and clean by using an angle grinder;
preparing an iron-based laser cladding material: mixing 75% of iron-based alloy powder and 25% of TiC powder in a mixer for 180min, heating at 85 ℃ for 2h after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain the iron-based laser cladding material (composite powder). Wherein, the mass percent of each element of the iron-based alloy powder is C0.41 wt%, cr 13.40 wt%, ni 2.38 wt%, mo 3.53 wt%, V0.73 wt%, si 0.73 wt%, B0.52 wt%, and the balance is Fe. The granularity of the Fe-based alloy powder and TiC is 53-109 mu m.
Preparing a priming layer: the cladding material is 316L powder, and the granularity is 53-109 mu m. As shown in figure 2, the movable cone lining plate is mounted on a position changing machine, and the angle of the lining plate is adjusted to enable the lining plate to be in a state ofThe surface to be clad of the lining plate is kept horizontal, the manipulator is kept to vertically and vertically weld from the bottom of the driven cone lining plate to the top of the movable cone, and the moving speed of the manipulator is M=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.05 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is started 1 In the cladding process, the rotary speed of the rotary table for the movable cone lining plate is adjusted to change W=DW along with the time t 1 /(D-2Mtcosα)=1.28×1.87/(1.28-2×2×10 -5 ×0.71t)=2.39/(1.28-2.84×10 -5 t). The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2200W, the powder feeding is 35g/min, and the gas flow is 4L/min.
Preparing a hard surface layer: the cladding material is a prepared composite powder. The manipulator was adjusted so that the cladding start position was a position intermediate the two cladding marks, as shown in fig. 3. The manipulator is kept to vertically weld from the top to the bottom of the driven cone lining plate, and the moving speed of the manipulator is M=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.05 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is started 2 In the cladding process, the rotary table is adjusted to change the rotation speed of the movable cone lining plate along with the change W=dW of time t 2 /(d+2Mtcosα)=0.48×4.98/(0.48+2×2×10 -5 ×0.71t)=2.39/(0.48+2.84×10 -5 t). The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2400W, the powder feeding is 40g/min, and the gas flow is 4.5L/min.
The average service time of the lining plate before cladding is 150h, the lining plate is lifted to 226h after cladding, and the service life is prolonged by 51%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a laser cladding coating on the surface of a movable cone of a cone crusher, wherein the diameter of the bottom of a lining plate is D=1.28m, d=0.48M, alpha=45°, and the moving speed of a manipulator is M=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.06 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is just started 1 =3.74 rad/s, comprising the steps of:
pretreatment of a lining plate: polishing the surface of the movable cone lining plate to be smooth and clean by using an angle grinder;
preparing an iron-based laser cladding material: mixing 75% of iron-based alloy powder and 25% of TiC powder in a mixer for 180min, heating at 85 ℃ for 2h after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain the iron-based laser cladding material (composite powder). Wherein, the mass percent of each element of the iron-based alloy powder is C0.41 wt%, cr 13.40 wt%, ni 2.38 wt%, mo 3.53 wt%, V0.73 wt%, si 0.73 wt%, B0.52 wt%, and the balance is Fe. The granularity of the Fe-based alloy powder and TiC is 53-109 mu m.
Preparing a priming layer: the cladding material is 316L powder, and the granularity is 53-109 mu m. As shown in fig. 2, the movable cone lining plate is mounted on a position changing machine, the angle of the lining plate is adjusted, the lining plate surface to be clad is kept horizontal, a manipulator is kept vertical to the bottom of the movable cone lining plate to the top of the movable cone for cladding, and the moving speed of the manipulator is m=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.05 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is started 1 In the cladding process, the rotary table is adjusted to change the rotation speed of the movable cone lining plate along with the change W=DW of time t 1 /(D-2Mtcosα)=1.28×3.74/(1.28-2×2×10 -5 ×0.71t)=4.79/(1.28-2.84×10 -5 t). The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2500W, the powder feeding is 35g/min, and the gas flow is 4L/min.
Preparing a hard surface layer: the cladding material is a prepared composite powder. The manipulator was adjusted so that the cladding start position was a position intermediate the two cladding marks, as shown in fig. 3. The manipulator is kept to vertically weld from the top to the bottom of the driven cone lining plate, and the moving speed of the manipulator is M=2×10 -5 m/s, laser spot diameter L=3.19 mm, overlap ratio eta=50%, cladding linear velocity V=0.06 m/s, and dynamic cone lining plate rotation velocity W when cladding is just started 2 In the cladding process, the rotary table is adjusted to change the rotation speed of the movable cone lining plate along with the time t by W=dW 2 /(d+2Mtcosα)=0.48×9.97/(0.48+2×2×10 -5 ×0.71t)=4.79/(0.48+2.84×10 -5 t). The laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2600W, the powder feeding is 40g/min, and the gas flow is 4.5L/min.
The average service time of the lining plate before cladding is 150h, the lining plate is lifted to 233h after cladding, and the service life is improved by 55%.
Comparative example 1
Reference is made to uncoated moving cones.
The comparison of the properties before and after cladding is shown in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1 comparison of the Properties before and after cladding
The data in the table 1 show that the hardness, the wear resistance and the service time of the dynamic cone are greatly improved by the coating prepared by the method.
Comparative example 2
According to example 1, except that W 1 Is 2rad/s, does not conform to the formula W 1 =vl× (1- η)/M/D. In this case, the actual lap ratio became 68%, and was not in conformity with the target 50%, resulting in a decrease in the cladding layer performance and a lifetime of 205h.
Comparative example 3
The procedure is as in example 1, except that W is always maintained at 3.12rad/s during cladding, and the formula W=DW is not satisfied 1 /(D-2 Mtcosα). In this case, as the cladding process proceeds, the cladding linear velocity becomes smaller and smaller, the cladding layer thickness becomes larger and the performance becomes uneven until the cladding cracks.
Comparative example 4
According to example 1, except that W 2 Is 12rad/s, does not conform to the formula W 2 =vl× (1- η)/M/d. In this case, the actual lap ratio becomes 28%, which does not meet the target 50%, and the lap ratio is too low, resulting in poor bonding between the cladding layers, resulting in failure of cladding.
Comparative example 5
The process was performed as in example 1, except that W 'was always kept at 8.31rad/s during cladding, which did not correspond to the formula W' =dW 2 /(d+2 Mtcosα). In this case, as the cladding process proceeds, the cladding linear speed increases, the cladding layer thickness decreases, the performance is uneven, and the cladding fails.
Comparative example 6
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that the primer layer was not made of 304 or 316L stainless steel, but was made of 15-5PH martensitic stainless steel having a high hardness, and the hard surface layer was melt-coated with a large amount of steel due to the hardness of the primer layer.
Comparative example 7
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the hard coat layer was made of an alloy composition of C0.15wt%, cr12.25wt%, ni0.51wt%, si0.42wt% and the balance Fe. The service life of the lining plate after cladding is improved to 189h, and the service life is improved by 22%.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of the cone crusher is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preprocessing a lining plate of the movable cone, and then adjusting the angle of the movable cone to enable the surface to be clad of the lining plate to be kept horizontal all the time in the laser cladding process;
the movable cone is driven by the position changing machine to rotate, the cladding spray head is perpendicular to the surface to be clad, laser cladding is carried out from the bottom to the top of the lining plate to obtain a bottom layer, and then laser cladding is carried out from the top to the bottom of the lining plate to obtain a hard surface layer;
the following conditions are satisfied when preparing the priming layer: the rotation speed of the lining board at the beginning meets W 1 =vl× (1- η)/M/D, the rotation speed of the liner during laser cladding satisfying w=dw 1 /(D-2Mtcosα)；
The following conditions are satisfied when preparing the hard-face layer: the rotation speed of the lining board is full at the beginningFoot W 2 The rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process satisfies W' =dW 2 /(d+2Mtcosα)；
Wherein W is 1 In order to prepare the lining plate rotation speed at the beginning of the priming layer, V is the linear speed of laser cladding, L is the laser spot diameter, eta is the lap rate, M is the moving speed of the cladding nozzle, D is the bottom diameter of the movable cone, W is the rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process at the beginning of the priming layer, t is the cladding time, alpha is the inclination angle of the lining plate, W 2 In order to prepare the hard surface layer, the rotation speed of the lining plate is equal to d, which is the top diameter of the movable cone, and W' is the rotation speed of the lining plate in the laser cladding process when the hard surface layer is prepared.
2. The method for preparing the laser cladding coating on the moving cone surface of the cone crusher according to claim 1, wherein the laser cladding starting point of the hard surface layer is positioned between two cladding layers of the priming layer.
3. The method for preparing the laser cladding coating on the surface of the movable cone of the cone crusher according to claim 1, wherein the material of the priming layer is 304 or 316L stainless steel.
4. The method for preparing a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher according to claim 1, wherein said hard surface layer comprises an iron-based alloy and titanium carbide.
5. The method for producing a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher according to claim 4, wherein said iron-based alloy comprises, calculated as 100% by mass of the total:
less than 0.1wt% of C, 17-20 wt% of Cr, 9-11 wt% of Ni, 0.1-0.5 wt% of V, 0.5-1 wt% of Si, 0.4-0.6 wt% of B and the balance of Fe.
6. The method for producing a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher according to claim 5, wherein the particle size of said iron-based alloy and said titanium carbide are each independently 53-109 μm.
7. The method for preparing the dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of the cone crusher according to claim 4, wherein the mass content of titanium carbide in the hard surface layer is 20-30wt%.
8. The method for preparing a dynamic cone surface laser cladding coating of a cone crusher according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein L is 3-5mm, η is 50-70%, V is 0.04-0.06m/s, the power of laser cladding is 2000-2600W, the powder feeding rate of the cladding nozzle is 30-50g/min, and the gas flow is 2-6L/min.
9. A moving cone, characterized in that the moving cone surface laser cladding coating of the cone crusher of any one of claims 1-8 is prepared by a preparation method.
10. A cone crusher comprising the moving cone of claim 9.
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| CA2866594A1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-12 | Kondex Corporation | Laser clad cutting edge for agricultural cutting components |
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| CN116536665A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-04 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for rapidly preparing laser cladding functionally gradient coating and coating obtained by same |
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| CA2866594A1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-12 | Kondex Corporation | Laser clad cutting edge for agricultural cutting components |
| CN103572279A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-02-12 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | Composite manufacturing technology for metal fiber-reinforced wearing piece |
| CN111321399A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-23 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for ultrahigh-speed laser cladding of small conical parts |
| CN113774287A (en) * | 2021-09-21 | 2021-12-10 | 上海盖泽激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding pre-hardened cone crusher lining plate and processing technology |
| CN116536665A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-04 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for rapidly preparing laser cladding functionally gradient coating and coating obtained by same |
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