CN117547004A - Clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L23/00—Soups; Sauces; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L23/10—Soup concentrates, e.g. powders or cakes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3526—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, and particularly discloses clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fine powder is prepared by collocating different fruit and vegetable, edible fungi and spice with pig bones and pig skins, carrying out stage heating hot extraction, compound biological enzymolysis, low-temperature variable temperature Maillard reaction, high-pressure homogenization, spray drying and the like, and decomposing macromolecular substances in the pig bones and the pig skins into micromolecules by utilizing compound biological enzymes so as to promote nutrient substances in the pig bones to be dissolved into bone soup; through the addition of I+G, glycine, L-cysteine and thiamine, the pig bone soup is rich in nucleotide fresh substances, and simultaneously, the bitter taste in the pig bone soup is removed and the vitamin C in the soup is stabilized; under the vinegar environment, the consumption of thiamine is reduced, and the composite biological enzyme has better activity, so that the pig bone soup decocted by the pig bone soup powder still has rich taste and rich aroma, and has the characteristics of higher calcium content, simple decoction process and no loss of nutrition and flavor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The pig bone soup is a soup with the effects of strengthening waist and knee, tonifying qi, tonifying weakness and strengthening tendons and bones, and is prepared by decocting straight bones, fan bones, tail bones, broken bones, and optionally shallot knots, ginger, wine and clear water. Pig bone soup is cold and cool in nature, and can strengthen waist and knees, tonify qi, tonify deficiency, and strengthen tendons and bones. The pig bone is rich in collagen and inorganic matters such as phosphorus and calcium, but the collagen in the pig bone is difficult to be boiled into soup, and most of calcium and phosphorus in the collagen cannot be dissolved into bone soup; the bone soup is usually prepared by increasing the boiling time to increase the thick white color of the bone soup and the calcium and phosphorus content in the bone soup, but the calcium content in the pig bone soup is very little, the calcium content in the bone soup cannot be effectively increased by boiling for a long time, the purine content in the soup can be increased, and if the pig bone soup is simply drunk for supplementing calcium, the nutrition needs of consumers are hardly met.
The patent with publication number of CN109123557A discloses a nourishing pig bone soup, which is prepared by taking pig fan bones, pig tail vertebrae, broken pig bones, pig straight bones, traditional Chinese medicine materials, cooking wine, salt, green Chinese onion, ginger and clear water as raw materials; can be used for treating asthenia after illness, puerperal hemorrhage, deficiency of both qi and blood, yin deficiency, blood weakness, and emaciation with sallow complexion. However, the pig bone soup in the patent adopts a common boiling process, the boiling process is complicated, and the pig bone soup cannot be boiled at a high temperature, if the boiling temperature is too high, the nutrition and the flavor in the pig bone soup can be greatly lost, so that the color, the taste and the flavor of the pig bone soup can be influenced; meanwhile, the pig bone soup can be heated and boiled at present only in restaurants or at home, and can not meet the requirements of general crowds such as office workers, buying and eating, and is inconvenient to eat.
Therefore, the existing pig bone soup has the problems of low calcium content, complicated boiling procedures and great nutrition and flavor loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the existing pig bone soup, and provides clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder which has higher calcium content, simple boiling process and no loss of nutrition and flavor and a preparation method thereof.
The invention relates to a technical scheme that: the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight;
65-75 parts of pig bones, 10-15 parts of pig skin, 7-12 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2-4 parts of edible fungi, 1-2 parts of plant spices, 7-10 parts of salt, 2-4 parts of white granulated sugar, 3-7 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of glucose, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 0.2-0.4 part of I+G, 0.02-0.04 part of glycine, 0.07-0.1 part of L-cysteine, 0.1-0.2 part of thiamine, 0.31-0.38 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar.
The invention takes the natural food materials such as pig bones, pig skin, fruits, vegetables and edible fungi as main raw materials, and is supplemented with plant spices, salt, white granulated sugar, glucose and yeast extract, the obtained soup is rich in flavor and delicious, is not dry, moist but not greasy, and has the effects of invigorating the middle warmer and replenishing qi, nourishing blood and strengthening bones and moistening skin; the flavor of the pig bone soup is enhanced by adding a new generation of nucleotide food flavoring agent I+G; the glycine is added to remove the bitter taste in the pig bone soup, and simultaneously, the vitamin C in the pig bone soup is stabilized, and the finished pig bone soup is packaged into a box or a bag in the later period, so that the pig bone soup has an anti-corrosion effect; the taste of the pig bone soup is more fragrant and beautiful and the color is clearer by adding the L-cysteine; vitamin B1 in the pig bone soup is increased by adding thiamine, so that the pig bone soup can maintain normal digestion of human body, has the effect of delaying skin aging, and can improve the mental condition of the human body and eliminate fatigue; the compound biological enzyme is added to decompose macromolecular substances in pig bones and pig skin into small molecules to assist in softening bone colloid, so that nutrient substances in pig bones are promoted to be dissolved into bone soup, and absorption of human bodies on the small molecular nutrient substances is promoted; meanwhile, the addition of I+G, glycine, L-cysteine and thiamine also makes the pig bone soup rich in nucleotide fresh substances, so that the fresh and sweet taste of the pig bone soup can be improved on the premise of not using flavoring agents such as monosodium glutamate and the like; the invention is rich in various nutrients such as collagen, calcium, phosphorus and the like, low in purine content, low in crude fat content, thick and white in soup color, and fresh, sweet and fine in taste.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight;
68-70 parts of pig bones, 11-13 parts of pig skin, 9-11 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2-3 parts of edible fungi, 1-2 parts of plant spices, 8-9 parts of salt, 2-3 parts of white granulated sugar, 4-6 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of glucose, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 0.3-0.4 part of I+G, 0.02-0.03 part of glycine, 0.08-0.09 part of L-cysteine, 0.1-0.2 part of thiamine, 0.32-0.35 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar.
Preferably, the fruits and vegetables are one of white radishes, carrots and corns.
Preferably, the edible fungus is one of Lentinus Edodes, agaricus campestris, and Dictyophora Indusiata.
Preferably, the plant spice is one of ginger, onion and pepper.
Preferably, the compound biological enzyme is composed of neutral protease, flavourzyme, pepsin, cellulase and cellulose in the weight ratio of (2:1:1:1).
Another technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following steps,
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials
Crushing pig bones into small pieces of 3-8 cm, cleaning the small pieces in clear water, putting the cleaned pig bones and the cleaned pigskin together into boiling water, boiling for 5-10 min, fishing out the pig bones, and cleaning the pig bones with clear water for later use;
cleaning fruits and vegetables, edible fungi and plant spice, and cutting into small pieces for later use;
(2) Stage heating warm extraction
Adding the pig bones, pigskin, fruits and vegetables, edible mushrooms and plant spices obtained in the step (1) into distilled water, heating the distilled water to 95-100 ℃, boiling the mixed raw materials for 0.4-2 hours, skimming upper oil foam and blood foam, adding a cover, sealing, heating to 105-110 ℃, and boiling and extracting for 2-4 hours; then cooling to 30-50 ℃, and separating bone oil by an oil-water separator; the rest bone soup and the solid residues are put into a colloid mill together, and the residues are removed by a 200-mesh screen to obtain pig bone soup containing fine particle bone and meat residues;
(3) Composite biological enzyme enzymolysis
Adding table vinegar into the pig bone soup containing the fine particle bone and meat residues obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the pig bone soup to 5.0-5.5, adding 0.5% of compound biological enzyme, stirring and carrying out enzymolysis for 3-4 hours under the condition of the pig bone soup temperature of 50-60 ℃, heating to 95-100 ℃, keeping for 10-20 min to deactivate the rest compound biological enzyme, and separating and deslagging;
(4) Low temperature variable Maillard reaction
Adding yeast extract, I+G, salt, white granulated sugar, glucose, glycine and L-cysteine raw materials which are prepared in proportion into the pig bone soup obtained in the step (3), reacting for 2-2.5 hours under stirring at the temperature of the pig bone soup of 90-100 ℃, adding thiamine, heating the pig bone soup to 105-120 ℃, continuing to react for 0.5-1 hour under stirring, and rapidly cooling the pig bone soup to 55-65 ℃ after the reaction is finished;
(5) High pressure homogenization
Adding maltodextrin into the Maillard reaction product obtained in the step (4), stirring and adjusting until the solid content reaches 20-40%, and homogenizing under high pressure under the pressure of 40-60 MPa and the temperature of 55-65 ℃;
(6) Spray drying to obtain powder
Spray drying the homogenized bone soup obtained in the step (5) under the conditions of inlet temperature of 180-190 ℃ and outlet temperature of 65-85 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%, thus obtaining clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder;
(7) And quantitatively packaging the product after the product is detected to be qualified according to the standard.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the distilled water to the pig bone is 0.5-2. More preferably, the weight ratio of the distilled water to the pig bone is 0.8-1.5. Most preferably, the weight ratio of distilled water to pig bone is 1.
The invention is processed by taking natural food materials such as pig bones, pig skin, fruits, vegetables, edible fungi and the like as main raw materials through modern food engineering technology processes such as stage heating and hot extraction, composite biological enzymolysis, low-temperature Maillard reaction, high-pressure homogenization, spray drying and the like, solves the problems of complicated boiling procedures, large nutrition and flavor loss, inconvenient eating and the like of the domestic roast pig bone soup, greatly reserves the nutritional value of the natural food materials such as pig bones and the like, is rich in bone collagen, chondroitin, amino acid, various trace elements and natural flavoring substances, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, clear color, soft taste, delicious flavor and the like, integrates safety, nutrition, health and delicious taste, and is a high-grade flavoring with pure natural bone and meat flavor, which is convenient to eat and wide in application. The maltodextrin is used for increasing the viscosity of the Maillard reaction product, so that the Maillard reaction product can reach the condition of a high-pressure homogenizing process as soon as possible.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the distilled water to the pig bone is 0.5-2. More preferably, the weight ratio of the distilled water to the pig bone is 0.8-1.5. Most preferably, the weight ratio of distilled water to pig bone is 1.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The natural food materials such as pig bones, pig skin, fruits, vegetables and edible fungi are taken as main raw materials, and plant spices, salt, white granulated sugar, glucose and yeast extract are taken as auxiliary materials, so that the obtained soup is rich in nutrition, not dry, moist but not greasy, is fragrant and delicious, and has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, nourishing blood and strengthening bones and moistening skin;
(2) The flavor of the pig bone soup is enhanced by adding a new generation of nucleotide food flavoring agent I+G;
(3) The glycine is added to remove the bitter taste in the pig bone soup, and simultaneously, the vitamin C in the pig bone soup is stabilized, and the finished pig bone soup is packaged into a box or a bag in the later period, so that the pig bone soup has an anti-corrosion effect;
(4) The taste of the pig bone soup is more fragrant and beautiful and the color is clearer by adding the L-cysteine;
(5) Vitamin B1 in the pig bone soup is increased by adding thiamine, so that the pig bone soup can maintain normal digestion of human body, has the effect of delaying skin aging, and can improve the mental condition of the human body and eliminate fatigue;
(6) The compound biological enzyme is added to decompose macromolecular substances in pig bones and pig skin into small molecules to assist in softening bone colloid, so that nutrient substances in pig bones are promoted to be dissolved into bone soup, and absorption of human bodies on the small molecular nutrient substances is promoted;
(7) The addition of I+G, glycine, L-cysteine and thiamine also makes the pig bone soup rich in nucleotide fresh substances, so that the fresh and sweet taste of the pig bone soup can be improved on the premise of not using flavoring agents such as monosodium glutamate and the like;
(8) The soup is rich in various nutrients such as collagen, calcium, phosphorus and the like, low in purine content, low in crude fat content, thick and white in soup color, and fresh, sweet and fine in taste.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
65 parts of pig bones, 10 parts of pig skin, 7 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2 parts of edible fungi, 1 part of plant spices, 7 parts of table salt, 2 parts of white granulated sugar, 3 parts of maltodextrin, 1 part of glucose, 2 parts of yeast extract, 0.2 part of I+G, 0.02 part of glycine, 0.07 part of L-cysteine, 0.1 part of thiamine, 0.31 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar. The fruits and vegetables are corn. The edible fungus is Dictyophora Indusiata. The plant spice is fructus Piperis. The compound biological enzyme consists of neutral protease, flavourzyme, pepsin, cellulase and cellulose in the weight ratio of (2:1:1:1).
Comparative example 1:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
65 parts of pig bones, 10 parts of pig skin, 7 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2 parts of edible fungi, 1 part of plant spices, 7 parts of table salt and 2 parts of white granulated sugar. The fruits and vegetables are corn. The edible fungus is Dictyophora Indusiata. The plant spice is fructus Piperis.
Example 2:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
75 parts of pig bones, 15 parts of pig skin, 12 parts of fruits and vegetables, 4 parts of edible fungi, 2 parts of plant spices, 10 parts of table salt, 4 parts of white granulated sugar, 7 parts of maltodextrin, 2 parts of glucose, 3 parts of yeast extract, 0.4 part of I+G, 0.04 part of glycine, 0.1 part of L-cysteine, 0.2 part of thiamine, 0.38 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar. The fruits and vegetables are white radishes. The edible fungus is Lentinus Edodes. The plant spice is rhizoma Zingiberis recens. The compound biological enzyme consists of neutral protease, flavourzyme, pepsin, cellulase and cellulose in the weight ratio of (2:1:1:1).
Comparative example 2:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
75 parts of pig bones, 15 parts of pig skin, 12 parts of fruits and vegetables, 4 parts of edible fungi, 2 parts of plant spices, 10 parts of salt and 4 parts of white granulated sugar. The fruits and vegetables are white radishes. The edible fungus is Lentinus Edodes. The plant spice is rhizoma Zingiberis recens.
Example 3:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
68 parts of pig bones, 11 parts of pig skin, 9 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2 parts of edible fungi, 1 part of plant spices, 8 parts of table salt, 2 parts of white granulated sugar, 4 parts of maltodextrin, 1 part of glucose, 2 parts of yeast extract, 0.3 part of I+G, 0.02 part of glycine, 0.08 part of L-cysteine, 0.1 part of thiamine, 0.32 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar. The fruits and vegetables are carrots. The edible fungus is mushroom. The plant spice is onion. The compound biological enzyme consists of neutral protease, flavourzyme, pepsin, cellulase and cellulose in the weight ratio of (2:1:1:1).
Comparative example 3:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
68 parts of pig bones, 11 parts of pig skin, 9 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2 parts of edible fungi, 1 part of plant spices, 8 parts of table salt and 2 parts of white granulated sugar. The fruits and vegetables are carrots. The edible fungus is mushroom. The plant spice is onion.
Example 4:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
70 parts of pig bone, 13 parts of pig skin, 11 parts of fruits and vegetables, 3 parts of edible fungi, 2 parts of plant spices, 9 parts of table salt, 3 parts of white granulated sugar, 6 parts of maltodextrin, 2 parts of glucose, 3 parts of yeast extract, 0.4 part of I+G, 0.03 part of glycine, 0.09 part of L-cysteine, 0.2 part of thiamine, 0.35 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar. The fruits and vegetables are corn. The edible fungus is Dictyophora Indusiata. The plant spice is fructus Piperis. The compound biological enzyme consists of neutral protease, flavourzyme, pepsin, cellulase and cellulose in the weight ratio of (2:1:1:1).
Comparative example 4:
the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following components in parts by weight;
70 parts of pig bone, 13 parts of pig skin, 11 parts of fruits and vegetables, 3 parts of edible fungi, 2 parts of plant spices, 9 parts of table salt and 3 parts of white granulated sugar. The fruits and vegetables are corn. The edible fungus is Dictyophora Indusiata. The plant spice is fructus Piperis.
Example 5:
the preparation method of the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following steps,
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials
Crushing pig bones into small pieces of 3cm, cleaning in clear water, boiling the cleaned pig bones and the cleaned pigskin in boiling water for 5min, taking out, and cleaning with clear water for later use;
cleaning fruits and vegetables, edible fungi and plant spice, and cutting into small pieces for later use;
(2) Stage heating warm extraction
Adding the pig bones, pigskin, fruits and vegetables, edible mushrooms and plant spices obtained in the step (1) into distilled water, heating the distilled water to 95 ℃, steaming the mixed raw materials for 0.4, skimming upper-layer oil foam and blood foam, adding a cover, sealing, heating to 105 ℃, and steaming and extracting for 2 hours; cooling to 30deg.C, and separating bone oil with oil-water separator; the rest bone soup and the solid residues are put into a colloid mill together, and the residues are removed by a 200-mesh screen to obtain pig bone soup containing fine particle bone and meat residues;
(3) Composite biological enzyme enzymolysis
Adding table vinegar into the pig bone soup containing the fine particle bone and meat residues obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the pig bone soup to 5.0, adding 0.5% of compound biological enzyme, stirring and carrying out enzymolysis for 3 hours under the condition of the pig bone soup temperature of 50 ℃, heating to 95 ℃, keeping for 10min to deactivate the rest compound biological enzyme, and separating and deslagging;
(4) Low temperature variable Maillard reaction
Adding yeast extract, I+G, salt, white granulated sugar, glucose, glycine and L-cysteine raw materials which are prepared in proportion into the pig bone soup obtained in the step (3), reacting for 2 hours under stirring at the temperature of the pig bone soup of 90 ℃, adding thiamine, heating the pig bone soup to 105 ℃, continuing to react for 0.5 hour under stirring, and rapidly cooling the pig bone soup to 55 ℃ after the reaction is finished;
(5) High pressure homogenization
Adding maltodextrin into the Maillard reaction product obtained in the step (4), stirring and adjusting until the solid content reaches 20%, and homogenizing under high pressure under the pressure of 40MPa and the temperature of 55 ℃;
(6) Spray drying to obtain powder
Spray drying the homogenized bone soup obtained in the step (5) under the conditions of 180 ℃ inlet temperature and 65 ℃ outlet temperature until the water content is lower than 10%, thus obtaining clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder;
(7) And quantitatively packaging the product after the product is detected to be qualified according to the standard.
The weight ratio of distilled water to pig bone was 0.5.
Wherein the model of the colloid mill can be JMLB-80.
Example 6:
the preparation method of the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following steps,
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials
Crushing pig bones into small pieces of 8cm, cleaning in clear water, boiling the cleaned pig bones and the cleaned pigskin in boiling water for 10min, taking out, and cleaning with clear water for later use;
cleaning fruits and vegetables, edible fungi and plant spice, and cutting into small pieces for later use;
(2) Stage heating warm extraction
Adding the pig bones, pigskin, fruits and vegetables, edible fungi and plant spices obtained in the step (1) into distilled water, heating the distilled water to 100 ℃, steaming the mixed raw materials for 2 hours, skimming upper oil foam and blood foam, adding a cover, sealing, heating to 110 ℃, steaming and extracting for 4 hours; cooling to 50deg.C, and separating bone oil with oil-water separator; the rest bone soup and the solid residues are put into a colloid mill together, and the residues are removed by a 200-mesh screen to obtain pig bone soup containing fine particle bone and meat residues;
(3) Composite biological enzyme enzymolysis
Adding table vinegar into the pig bone soup containing the fine particle bone and meat residues obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the pig bone soup to 5.5, adding 0.5% of compound biological enzyme, stirring and carrying out enzymolysis for 4 hours under the condition of the pig bone soup temperature of 60 ℃, heating to 100 ℃, keeping for 20min to deactivate the rest compound biological enzyme, and separating and deslagging;
(4) Low temperature variable Maillard reaction
Adding yeast extract, I+G, salt, white granulated sugar, glucose, glycine and L-cysteine raw materials which are prepared in proportion into the pig bone soup obtained in the step (3), reacting for 2.5 hours under stirring at the temperature of 100 ℃, adding thiamine, heating the pig bone soup to 120 ℃, continuing to react for 1 hour under stirring, and rapidly cooling the pig bone soup to 65 ℃ after the reaction is finished;
(5) High pressure homogenization
Adding maltodextrin into the Maillard reaction product obtained in the step (4), stirring and adjusting until the solid content reaches 40%, and homogenizing under high pressure under 60MPa and 65 ℃;
(6) Spray drying to obtain powder
Spray drying the homogenized bone soup obtained in the step (5) under the conditions of 190 ℃ inlet temperature and 85 ℃ outlet temperature until the water content is lower than 10%, thus obtaining clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder;
(7) And quantitatively packaging the product after the product is detected to be qualified according to the standard.
The weight ratio of distilled water to pig bone was 2.
Example 7:
the preparation method of the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder comprises the following steps,
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials
Crushing pig bones into small pieces of 5cm, cleaning in clear water, boiling the cleaned pig bones and the cleaned pigskin in boiling water for 8min, taking out, and cleaning with clear water for later use;
cleaning fruits and vegetables, edible fungi and plant spice, and cutting into small pieces for later use;
(2) Stage heating warm extraction
Adding the pig bones, pigskin, fruits and vegetables, edible fungi and plant spices obtained in the step (1) into distilled water, heating the distilled water to 98 ℃, steaming the mixed raw materials for 1h, skimming upper-layer oil foam and blood foam, adding a cover, sealing, heating to 100 ℃, and steaming and extracting for 3 h; cooling to 40 ℃, and separating bone oil by an oil-water separator; the rest bone soup and the solid residues are put into a colloid mill together, and the residues are removed by a 200-mesh screen to obtain pig bone soup containing fine particle bone and meat residues;
(3) Composite biological enzyme enzymolysis
Adding table vinegar into the pig bone soup containing the fine particle bone and meat residues obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the pig bone soup to 5.3, adding 0.5% of compound biological enzyme, stirring and carrying out enzymolysis for 3.5 hours under the condition of the pig bone soup temperature of 55 ℃, heating to 98 ℃, keeping for 15min to deactivate the rest compound biological enzyme, and separating and deslagging;
(4) Low temperature variable Maillard reaction
Adding yeast extract, I+G, salt, white granulated sugar, glucose, glycine and L-cysteine raw materials which are prepared in proportion into the pig bone soup obtained in the step (3), reacting for 2.2 hours under stirring at the temperature of the pig bone soup of 95 ℃, adding thiamine, heating the pig bone soup to 110 ℃, continuing to react for 0.7 hour under stirring, and rapidly cooling the pig bone soup to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished;
(5) High pressure homogenization
Adding maltodextrin into the Maillard reaction product obtained in the step (4), stirring and adjusting until the solid content reaches 30%, and homogenizing under high pressure under the pressure of 50MPa and the temperature of 60 ℃;
(6) Spray drying to obtain powder
Spray drying the homogenized bone soup obtained in the step (5) under the conditions of 185 ℃ inlet temperature and 75 ℃ outlet temperature until the water content is lower than 10%, thus obtaining clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder;
(7) And quantitatively packaging the product after the product is detected to be qualified according to the standard.
The weight ratio of distilled water to pig bone was 1.
In the present invention, in order to verify the color, taste, etc. of the pig bone soup, the following evaluation was specially performed.
The evaluation criteria of the pig bone soup sensory evaluation are shown in table 1:
table 1: pig bone soup sensory evaluation standard
After the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder is boiled into soup, each group of pig bone soup is respectively tasted by 30 tasters and then is scored according to the standard in table 1, and the average value is calculated, so that the results in table 2 are obtained:
table 2: sensory evaluation score value
| Group of | Color and luster appearance | Fragrance of fragrance | Taste and flavor | Acceptability of |
| Example 1 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
| Example 2 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 3.0 |
| Example 3 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.5 |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.5 |
| Example 4 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.6 |
| Comparative example 4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
From the results in Table 2, the pig bone soup prepared from the fine powder of the pig bone soup has the advantages of white milk, rich fragrance, fresh, sweet and fine taste; the pig bone soup in the comparative example is light in color and smell. Therefore, the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder provided by the invention can achieve the effects of thick soup, delicious taste, fresh sweet and non-greasy taste through the mutual matching of various raw materials.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder is characterized in that: comprises the following components in parts by weight;
65-75 parts of pig bones, 10-15 parts of pig skin, 7-12 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2-4 parts of edible fungi, 1-2 parts of plant spices, 7-10 parts of salt, 2-4 parts of white granulated sugar, 3-7 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of glucose, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 0.2-0.4 part of I+G, 0.02-0.04 part of glycine, 0.07-0.1 part of L-cysteine, 0.1-0.2 part of thiamine, 0.31-0.38 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar.
2. The fine powder of broth type pig bone soup as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: comprises the following components in parts by weight;
68-70 parts of pig bones, 11-13 parts of pig skin, 9-11 parts of fruits and vegetables, 2-3 parts of edible fungi, 1-2 parts of plant spices, 8-9 parts of salt, 2-3 parts of white granulated sugar, 4-6 parts of maltodextrin, 1-2 parts of glucose, 2-3 parts of yeast extract, 0.3-0.4 part of I+G, 0.02-0.03 part of glycine, 0.08-0.09 part of L-cysteine, 0.1-0.2 part of thiamine, 0.32-0.35 part of compound biological enzyme and a proper amount of table vinegar.
3. The fine powder of broth type pig bone soup as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the fruits and vegetables are one of white turnip, carrot and corn.
4. The fine powder of broth type pig bone soup as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the edible fungus is one of Lentinus Edodes, agaricus campestris, and Dictyophora Indusiata.
5. The fine powder of broth type pig bone soup as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the plant spice is one of rhizoma Zingiberis recens, bulbus Allii Cepae, and fructus Piperis.
6. The fine powder of broth type pig bone soup as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the compound biological enzyme consists of neutral protease, flavourzyme, pepsin, cellulase and cellulose in the weight ratio of (2:1:1:1).
7. The preparation method of the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the steps of,
(1) Pretreatment of raw materials
Crushing pig bones into small pieces of 3-8 cm, cleaning the small pieces in clear water, putting the cleaned pig bones and the cleaned pigskin together into boiling water, boiling for 5-10 min, fishing out the pig bones, and cleaning the pig bones with clear water for later use;
cleaning fruits and vegetables, edible fungi and plant spice, and cutting into small pieces for later use;
(2) Stage heating warm extraction
Adding the pig bones, pigskin, fruits and vegetables, edible mushrooms and plant spices obtained in the step (1) into distilled water, heating the distilled water to 95-100 ℃, boiling the mixed raw materials for 0.4-2 hours, skimming upper oil foam and blood foam, adding a cover, sealing, heating to 105-110 ℃, and boiling and extracting for 2-4 hours; then cooling to 30-50 ℃, and separating bone oil by an oil-water separator; the rest bone soup and the solid residues are put into a colloid mill together, and the residues are removed by a 200-mesh screen to obtain pig bone soup containing fine particle bone and meat residues;
(3) Composite biological enzyme enzymolysis
Adding table vinegar into the pig bone soup containing the fine particle bone and meat residues obtained in the step (2), adjusting the pH value of the pig bone soup to 5.0-5.5, adding 0.5% of compound biological enzyme, stirring and carrying out enzymolysis for 3-4 hours under the condition of the pig bone soup temperature of 50-60 ℃, heating to 95-100 ℃, keeping for 10-20 min to deactivate the rest compound biological enzyme, and separating and deslagging;
(4) Low temperature variable Maillard reaction
Adding yeast extract, I+G, salt, white granulated sugar, glucose, glycine and L-cysteine raw materials which are prepared in proportion into the pig bone soup obtained in the step (3), reacting for 2-2.5 hours under stirring at the temperature of the pig bone soup of 90-100 ℃, adding thiamine, heating the pig bone soup to 105-120 ℃, continuing to react for 0.5-1 hour under stirring, and rapidly cooling the pig bone soup to 55-65 ℃ after the reaction is finished;
(5) High pressure homogenization
Adding maltodextrin into the Maillard reaction product obtained in the step (4), stirring and adjusting until the solid content reaches 20-40%, and homogenizing under high pressure under the pressure of 40-60 MPa and the temperature of 55-65 ℃;
(6) Spray drying to obtain powder
And (3) carrying out spray drying on the homogenized bone soup obtained in the step (5) under the conditions of inlet temperature of 180-190 ℃ and outlet temperature of 65-85 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%, thus obtaining the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder.
8. The preparation method of the clear soup type pig bone soup fine powder according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the distilled water to the pig bone is 0.5-2.
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