CN117543025B - Ridge gradient design method and structure of anode plate of hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents
Ridge gradient design method and structure of anode plate of hydrogen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN117543025B CN117543025B CN202410029600.4A CN202410029600A CN117543025B CN 117543025 B CN117543025 B CN 117543025B CN 202410029600 A CN202410029600 A CN 202410029600A CN 117543025 B CN117543025 B CN 117543025B
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- fuel cell
- hydrogen fuel
- ridge
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a gradient design method and a gradient design structure for anode plate ridges of a hydrogen fuel cell, which relate to the technical field of fuel cell bipolar plate design, wherein anode plate ridges and flow channel areas are uniformly and alternately preset in the anode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell, at least three sections of coating areas which are sequentially arranged are arranged along the extending direction of the anode plate ridges, and coating materials are arranged on the coating areas; the thickness of the coating material is increased in sequence, the coating material of each coating area is added with hydrophobic materials with different mass fractions, the mass fractions of the hydrophobic agents of the coating material are increased in sequence, and the gradient of the coating thickness can realize the gradient change of the ridge height of the anode plate, so that the gradient change of the porosity of the MEA under a compression state is realized, and meanwhile, the gradient change of the ridge height of the anode plate can improve the gas pressure distribution to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell bipolar plate design, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method and a structure thereof.
Background
The fuel cell uses hydrogen as fuel, and when operating at high power, the cathode side (air side) generates a large amount of water and has a gradient increasing trend from the cathode inlet to the cathode outlet, while the back diffusion of water on the proton exchange membrane causes the anode side (hydrogen side) to gradually increase in water from the anode inlet to the anode outlet. Because the platinum Pt loading of the anode side catalyst is relatively low, more moisture can prevent hydrogen from being transmitted to the surface of the catalyst and electrons from being transmitted, and the risk of flooding is increased to a certain extent.
Since the moisture gradually increases from the anode inlet to the anode outlet, the moisture is mainly discharged from the GDL through the compression region of the GDL and the ridge of the anode plate (i.e., the region corresponding to the ridge of the anode plate in the Z-axis direction of the GDL), and reaches the flow channel region along the ridge sidewall of the anode plate. Therefore, the present application proposes a gradient design method for anode plate ridge of hydrogen fuel cell and structure thereof, which performs gradient design on the contact area between anode plate and anode GDL (namely the ridge of anode plate, hereinafter referred to as anode plate ridge in detail), so as to realize rapid removal of water and reduce risk of flooding.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method and a structure thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method comprises the following steps: uniformly staggering preset anode plate ridges and runner areas in an anode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell, arranging at least three sections of coating areas which are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the anode plate ridges, and arranging coating materials on the coating areas; setting the thickness of the coating material to be sigma, 2 sigma, 3 sigma, … and n sigma, wherein sigma is the thickness of the first coating material at the ridge end part of the anode plate, n is a positive integer, adding the coating material of each coating region with hydrophobic materials with different mass fractions, and setting the mass fractions of the hydrophobic agents of the coating materials of different coating regions to be: the mass fraction of the hydrophobizing agent of the first coating is w1 and satisfies that w1 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 15%; the mass fraction of the second coating hydrophobe is w2, the condition that w2=p+w1 is satisfied, p is a gradient factor, and the condition that p is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 5% is satisfied; the third coating hydrophobe mass fraction is w3 and satisfies w3=p+ (w1+w2)/2, … … sequentially until the nth coating hydrophobe mass fraction is wn=p+ (w1+w2+w3+ … +w) n-1 ) N-1; all other hydrogen fuel cell anode plate designs were completed as described above.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the length of the ridge coating area of the anode plate is designed to be equal in average and equal in size.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the coating material is nitrogen-containing or carbon-containing compound of metallic titanium.
Based on the technical scheme, the hydrophobic material is polytetrafluoroethylene and/or polyvinylidene fluoride.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the anode plate ridge gradient structure of the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with an anode inlet and an anode outlet, anode plate ridges and flow channels which are uniformly and alternately distributed are arranged between the anode inlet and the anode outlet, the anode plate ridges are in a convex shape and are provided with thickness differences which are not smaller than 0.1mm with the flow channels, a first coating region, a second coating region and a third coating region which are equidistant are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the anode plate ridges, and the thicknesses of the first coating region, the second coating region and the third coating region are sequentially increased.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the first coating area, the second coating area and the third coating area are provided with hydrophobic coatings, and the content of the hydrophobic agents of the hydrophobic coatings is sequentially increased.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the anode plate ridge is rectangular and protrudes, and the anode plate ridge and the runner are arranged in turn to form a dense flow field region which is repeatedly and uniformly distributed.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the ridge gradient structure of the anode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell is a rectangular plate integrally carved and formed by graphite.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the gradient design method for the anode plate ridge of the hydrogen fuel cell, through the gradient design principle of the mass fraction of the water repellent agent and the thickness of the coating, the inside of the single fuel cell can have a smoother drainage condition, water in the anode plate ridge region can be better guided to the flow channel region of the anode plate, and therefore the purpose of removing water generated by reaction from the inside of the fuel cell can be better achieved.
(2) Compared with the prior art, the gradient structure of the anode plate ridge of the hydrogen fuel cell has the advantages that gradient change of the height of the anode plate ridge can be realized through gradient of the thickness of the coating in the technical scheme, gradient change of porosity of the MEA in a compressed state is realized, uneven distribution of moisture along the X-axis direction of the anode and discharge of the moisture from the GDL can be improved to a certain extent, meanwhile, the depth of a flow channel can be improved to a certain extent through gradient of the height of the anode plate ridge, channels for gas and liquid circulation are increased (or reduced), and uniformity of gas pressure distribution is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a gradient structure of anode plate of a hydrogen fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a graded structure of anode plates of a hydrogen fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the test conditions of the three comparative examples carried out in the present invention.
In the figure: 1-anode plate ridge, 2-runner, 3-anode inlet, 4-anode outlet, 5-first coating area, 6-second coating area, 7-third coating area, 8-water drop.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims.
A hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method comprises the following steps: uniformly staggering preset anode plate ridges and runner areas in an anode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell, arranging at least three sections of coating areas which are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the anode plate ridges, and arranging coating materials on the coating areas; setting the thickness of the coating material to be sigma, 2 sigma, 3 sigma, … and n sigma, wherein sigma is the thickness of the first coating material at the ridge end part of the anode plate, n is a positive integer, adding the coating material of each coating region with hydrophobic materials with different mass fractions, and setting the mass fractions of the hydrophobic agents of the coating materials of different coating regions to be: the mass fraction of the hydrophobizing agent of the first coating is w1 and satisfies that w1 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 15%; the mass fraction of the second coating hydrophobe is w2, the condition that w2=p+w1 is satisfied, p is a gradient factor, and the condition that p is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 5% is satisfied; the third coating hydrophobe mass fraction is w3 and satisfies w3=p+ (w1+w2)/2, … … sequentially until the nth coating hydrophobe mass fraction is wn=p+ (w1+w2+w3+ … +w) n-1 ) N-1; all other hydrogen fuel cell anode plate designs were completed as described above. The technology in this applicationIn the technical scheme, the mass fraction of the coating hydrophobe agent is sequentially increased along with gradient change, but the increasing variable quantity is increased in a nonlinear step-by-step manner, so that the distribution characteristics of the flow field in the bipolar plate can be met, and a better drainage effect is realized by utilizing gradual gradient change.
In this embodiment, the length of the ridge coating area of the anode plate is designed to be equal, so that a more uniform gradient can be realized, and in addition, the length of the ridge coating area of the anode plate can be designed to be unequal, so that the applicant has not verified the effect and influence of such a design.
In this embodiment, the coating material is a nitrogen-containing or carbon-containing compound of metallic titanium, or may be a nitrogen-containing compound of metallic chromium, a carbon-based coating such as graphene or a carbon/ceramic composite coating.
In this embodiment, the hydrophobic material is Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and/or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic cross-sectional structure of a gradient structure of an anode plate ridge of a hydrogen fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, in order along an extending direction of the anode plate ridge 1, with a first coating region 5, a second coating region 6, and a third coating region 7 at equal intervals, and thicknesses of the first coating region 5, the second coating region 6, and the third coating region 7 are sequentially increased. Referring to fig. 3, which is a schematic plane structure of a gradient structure of an anode plate of a hydrogen fuel cell in an embodiment of the invention, an anode inlet 3 and an anode outlet 4 are provided, anode plate ridges 1 and a runner 2 are uniformly and alternately distributed between the anode inlet 3 and the anode outlet 4, and the anode plate ridges 1 are in a convex shape and have a thickness difference of not less than 0.1mm with the runner 2.
In this embodiment, the first coating region 5, the second coating region 6 and the third coating region 7 are provided with a hydrophobic coating and the hydrophobic agent content of the hydrophobic coating increases in order.
The thickness of the first coating region 5 is d1=0.02 mm, the thickness of the second coating region 6 is d2=0.04 mm, and the thickness of the third coating region 7 is d3=0.06 mm.
The mass fraction gradient of the hydrophobing agent is as follows: the first coating region 5 was 10%, the second coating region 6 was 15%, and the third coating region 7 was 20%.
Referring to fig. 3, which is a schematic plan view of a gradient structure of an anode plate ridge of a hydrogen fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, the anode plate ridge 1 is a rectangular protrusion, and the anode plate ridge 1 and the flow channel 2 are arranged in turns to form a dense flow field region that is repeatedly and uniformly distributed.
In this embodiment, the gradient structure of the anode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell is a rectangular plate integrally engraved with graphite.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic three-dimensional structure of a gradient structure of an anode plate of a hydrogen fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which water droplets 8 in a flow channel 2 can flow faster to achieve a better drainage function due to the gradient thickness and the hydrophobic design.
According to the technical scheme, the thickness of the coating area is characterized by certain gradient change, the hydrophobicity of the coating is characterized by certain gradient, the depth of the flow channel 2 can be improved, the channels for gas and liquid to circulate are increased (reduced), and the uniformity of gas pressure distribution is realized.
See fig. 4 for a graph of the test performed in the present invention and three comparative examples:
examples: coating thickness: 0.02mm, 0.04mm, 0.06mm; the mass fraction of the hydrophobing agent is as follows: 10%, 15% and 20%.
Comparative example one: no coating is provided.
Comparative example two: coating thickness: 0.02mm, 0.04mm, 0.06mm; the mass fraction of the hydrophobizing agent is 15%.
Comparative example three: coating thickness: are all 0.04mm; the mass fraction of the hydrophobing agent is as follows: 10%, 15% and 20%.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the technical solution in the present application can make the inside of the unit fuel cell have a smoother drainage condition, which is favorable for removing the reaction product water from the inside of the fuel cell, and thus better pile performance is obtained.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but a number of modifications and adaptations can be made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, which modifications and adaptations are also considered to be within the scope of the invention. What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
uniformly staggering preset anode plate ridges and runner areas in an anode plate of the hydrogen fuel cell, arranging at least three sections of coating areas which are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the anode plate ridges, and arranging coating materials on the coating areas;
the thickness of the coating materials is set to be sigma, 2 sigma, 3 sigma, …, n sigma, wherein sigma is the thickness of the first coating material at the ridge end of the anode plate, n is a positive integer,
adding hydrophobic materials with different mass fractions into the coating materials of each coating region, and setting the mass fractions of the hydrophobic agents of the coating materials of the different coating regions as follows: the mass fraction of the hydrophobizing agent of the first coating is w1 and satisfies that w1 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 15%; the mass fraction of the second coating hydrophobe is w2, the condition that w2=p+w1 is satisfied, p is a gradient factor, and the condition that p is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 5% is satisfied; the third coating hydrophobe mass fraction is w3 and satisfies w3=p+ (w1+w2)/2, … … sequentially until the nth coating hydrophobe mass fraction is wn=p+ (w1+w2+w3+ … +w) n-1 ）/n-1；
And sequentially completing the design of all the anode plates of the rest hydrogen fuel cells.
2. The hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the length of the ridge coating area of the anode plate is designed to be equal in average and equal in size.
3. The hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coating material is nitrogen-containing or carbon-containing compounds of metallic titanium.
4. The hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hydrophobic material is Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and/or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
5. The hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient structure designed based on the hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient design method of claim 1 is provided with an anode inlet (3) and an anode outlet (4), anode plate ridges (1) and flow channels (2) which are uniformly and alternately distributed are arranged between the anode inlet (3) and the anode outlet (4), and the hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient structure is characterized in that: the anode plate ridge (1) is in a convex shape and is provided with a thickness difference of not less than 0.1mm with the runner (2), equidistant first coating areas (5), second coating areas (6) and third coating areas (7) are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the anode plate ridge (1), and the thicknesses of the first coating areas (5), the second coating areas (6) and the third coating areas (7) are sequentially increased.
6. The hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient structure according to claim 5, wherein: the first coating area (5), the second coating area (6) and the third coating area (7) are provided with hydrophobic coatings, and the content of the hydrophobic agents of the hydrophobic coatings is sequentially increased.
7. The hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient structure according to claim 5, wherein: the anode plate ridge (1) is a rectangular bulge, and the anode plate ridge (1) and the runner (2) are arranged in turn to form a dense flow field region which is repeatedly and uniformly distributed.
8. The hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient structure according to claim 5, wherein: the hydrogen fuel cell anode plate ridge gradient structure is a rectangular plate integrally carved and formed by graphite.
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| CN202410029600.4A CN117543025B (en) | 2024-01-09 | 2024-01-09 | Ridge gradient design method and structure of anode plate of hydrogen fuel cell |
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| CN202410029600.4A CN117543025B (en) | 2024-01-09 | 2024-01-09 | Ridge gradient design method and structure of anode plate of hydrogen fuel cell |
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| CN117543025B true CN117543025B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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2024
- 2024-01-09 CN CN202410029600.4A patent/CN117543025B/en active Active
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| AU2003225973A1 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-11-11 | Glaxo Group Limited | A method for forming a laminate assembly and products formed thereby |
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