CN117542912A - 一种用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池 - Google Patents
一种用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，封装结构从上到下采用窗口层、上层胶膜层、电池电路层、下层胶膜层、背板层的五层封装结构，作为电池电路层的柔性太阳电池为柔性薄膜单体太阳电池或串并联组成的柔性太阳电池电路单元，电池厚度≤80μm；封装材料为具有透光性的柔性薄膜材料，其中窗口层和背板层为透明弹性薄膜，其在柔性可赋形太阳电池弧度范围内具有弹性弯曲回弹性能，厚度为25μm～200μm，胶膜层为高透光率的耐老化胶膜薄膜，厚度为25μm～500μm；柔性可赋形太阳电池采用紧贴单体电池轮廓的矩形或采用弧线轮廓的羽毛形状，单体电池外的区域为透明封装薄膜。安装形式满足仿生飞行器异形表面铺设太阳电池需求的同时，还可增加飞行器的仿真度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于能源技术领域，具体涉及一种可采用羽毛形式铺装的用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池。
背景技术
相比传统飞行器容易受到气流影响导致飞行困难或飞行不稳定，仿生飞行器具有更大的优势，可以像真实的小鸟一样飞行。仿生飞行器可以采用类似鸟类的翅膀结构、利用羽毛的柔软和弹性来实现更高效的飞行。另外仿生飞行器还可以模仿鸟类的姿态的飞行动作，以提高灵活性和机动性。
然而现有的仿生飞行器内置电池容量较小且飞行器载重量有限，可连续飞行时间较短，单次飞行里程少，智能化程度较低。如搭载摄像头等设备，将会使能耗提升，电量消耗更快。仿生飞行器搭载太阳电池可提升飞行器续航时间，只要仿生飞行器停留在有阳光照射的地方，即可为仿生飞行器内置电池充电，为其持续提供能量。仿生飞行器只需要搭载很少的储能电池，配合太阳电池也可以进行连续飞行。
仿生飞行器一般模仿鸟类外形，可考虑在翅膀、背部及尾部相应位置铺设太阳电池。然而可铺设太阳电池区域通常为异形结构，外形轮廓为曲线，并非标准矩形。如采用传统太阳电池组件封装技术，需考虑太阳电池组件内部串并联结构，对布片率影响较大，边缘不规则区域均无法铺设太阳电池。
发明内容
为解决目前仿生飞行器的续航问题，克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，可作为仿生飞行器的“羽毛”铺设在飞行器表面。
本发明是这样实现的，一种用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，包括柔性太阳电池、封装材料、引出线、输出端口，封装结构从上到下采用窗口层、上层胶膜层、电池电路层、下层胶膜层、背板层的五层封装结构，作为电池电路层的柔性太阳电池为柔性薄膜单体太阳电池或由柔性薄膜单体太阳电池串并联组成的柔性太阳电池电路单元，柔性薄膜单体太阳电池材料为柔性薄膜砷化镓电池或铜铟镓硒电池，电池厚度≤80μm；作为窗口层、上层胶膜层、下层胶膜层和背板层的封装材料为具有透光性的柔性薄膜材料，其中窗口层和背板层为透明弹性薄膜，其在柔性可赋形太阳电池弧度范围内具有弹性弯曲回弹性能，厚度为25μm～200μm，上层胶膜层和下层胶膜层为高透光率的耐老化胶膜薄膜，厚度为25μm～500μm；柔性可赋形太阳电池采用紧贴单体电池轮廓的矩形或采用弧线轮廓的羽毛形状，单体电池外的区域为透明封装薄膜。
所述封装材料为全透明材料，透光率≥90％，材料为PET或PDMS。
所述柔性太阳电池的输出端正负极通过引出线与输出端口相连，采用导电胶粘接或焊接形式连接。
所述输出端口采用电连接器或导电接点形式，设置在柔性可赋形太阳电池底部，与仿真无人机铺设区域表面电路连接。
采用电连接器形式，正负极引出线分别和电连接器不同接点焊接或压接连接，电连接器为长矩形，与无人机电路表面电连接器对插，电连接器与柔性太阳电池呈90°；采用导电接点形式，通过粘接将柔性可赋形太阳电池输出端口表面与无人机电路表面连接，使正负极导电接点分别与无人机电路表面相应接点接触联通，实现功率输出效果，导电接点位于柔性可赋形太阳电池背光侧。
所述柔性砷化镓太阳电池，电池照光面为栅线结构的电极，电池背光面为全银电极，通过导电银胶将电池正背面正负极引出至金属箔，金属箔作为太阳能羽毛的引出线，正负极引出线另一端分别焊接柔性可赋形太阳电池输出端口的2个输出接点，作为柔性可赋形太阳电池的输出端口。
本发明具有的优点和技术效果：本发明不同于传统太阳电池组件需考虑组件内部单体太阳电池间的串并联电路布局，柔性可赋形太阳电池可安装在印刷电路板或柔性电路板，串并联电路、故障隔离电路均可转移至电路板中，使其布局无需受到铺设区域形状的限制。柔性可赋形太阳电池的安装形式满足仿生飞行器异形表面铺设太阳电池需求的同时，还可增加飞行器的仿真度。
附图说明
图1是本发明用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池的照光面示意图。
图2是本发明用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池的背光面示意图。
图3是本发明用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池的封装结构示意图。
图4是本发明用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池的安装示意图。
图5是本发明用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池的交叠铺设示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明创造的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明创造和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明创造的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。
由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明创造的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明创造的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以通过具体情况理解上述术语在本发明创造中的具体含义。
本发明中所述的电器装置、控制器等均为常规设置，电连接的方式也为常规连接。
如图1-4所示，本发明的用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，包括柔性太阳电池1、封装材料2、引出线3、输出端口4，封装结构从上到下采用窗口层11、上层胶膜层12、电池电路层13、下层胶膜层14、背板层15的五层封装结构，作为电池电路层13的柔性太阳电池1为柔性薄膜单体太阳电池或由柔性薄膜单体太阳电池串并联组成的柔性太阳电池电路单元，柔性薄膜单体太阳电池材料为柔性薄膜砷化镓电池或铜铟镓硒电池，电池厚度≤80μm；作为窗口层11、上层胶膜层12、下层胶膜层14和背板层15的封装材料2为具有透光性的柔性薄膜材料，其中窗口层11和背板层15为透明弹性薄膜，其在柔性可赋形太阳电池弧度范围内具有弹性弯曲回弹性能，厚度为25μm～200μm，上层胶膜层12和下层胶膜层14为高透光率的耐老化胶膜薄膜，厚度为25μm～500μm；柔性可赋形太阳电池采用紧贴单体电池轮廓的矩形或采用弧线轮廓的羽毛形状，单体电池外的区域为透明封装薄膜。
所述封装材料2为全透明材料，透光率≥90％，材料为PET或PDMS。
所述柔性太阳电池1的输出端正负极通过引出线3与输出端口4相连，采用导电胶粘接或焊接形式连接。
所述输出端口4采用电连接器或导电接点形式，设置在柔性可赋形太阳电池底部，与仿真无人机铺设区域表面电路连接。
采用电连接器形式，正负极引出线3分别和电连接器不同接点焊接或压接连接，电连接器为长矩形，与无人机电路表面电连接器对插，电连接器与柔性太阳电池呈90°；采用导电接点形式，通过粘接将柔性可赋形太阳电池输出端口表面与无人机电路表面连接，使正负极导电接点分别与无人机电路表面相应接点接触联通，实现功率输出效果，导电接点位于柔性可赋形太阳电池背光侧。
所述柔性砷化镓太阳电池，电池照光面为栅线结构的电极，电池背光面为全银电极，通过导电银胶将电池正背面正负极引出至金属箔，金属箔作为太阳能羽毛的引出线，正负极引出线另一端分别焊接柔性可赋形太阳电池输出端口的2个输出接点，作为柔性可赋形太阳电池的输出端口。
如图5所示，本发明通过选取柔性和弹性适当的封装材料，可有效减少仿真飞行器在飞行时遇到的空气阻力，还能起到除震颤消噪音的作用，可以使仿真飞行器像鸟类一样利用羽毛的柔软和弹性实现更高效的飞行。
输出端口可采用连接器或导电接点形式，设置在太阳能羽毛根部，可与仿真无人机铺设区域表面电路连接。如采用连接器形式，正负极引出线分别和电连接器不同接点焊接或压接连接，电连接器为长矩形，可与无人机电路表面电连接器对插，电连接器与柔性太阳电池呈90°。如采用导电接点形式，可通过粘接将太阳能羽毛根部与无人机电路表面连接，使正负极导电接点分别于无人机电路表面相应接点接触联通，实现功率输出效果，导电接点位于太阳能羽毛背光侧。
太阳能羽毛形状可以采取紧贴单体电池轮廓的矩形，也可以采用弧线轮廓的羽毛形状，单体电池外的区域为透明封装薄膜，即使其他太阳能羽毛重叠也不会影响下层太阳能羽毛的受光强度。
本实施例中，选取高效柔性砷化镓太阳电池，电池照光面为栅线结构的电极，电池背光面为全银电极。通过导电银胶将电池正背面正负极引出至金属箔，金属箔作为太阳能羽毛的引出线，正负极引出线另一端分别焊接太阳能羽毛根部的2个输出接点，作为太阳能羽毛的输出端口。
封装结构从上到下采用窗口层、胶膜层、电池电路层、胶膜层、背板层的5层封装结构。窗口层和背板层均选取透明弹性薄膜，胶膜层选取透光率较高的耐老化胶膜薄膜。整体采用真空热层压设备进行层压封装，封装后对太阳能羽毛按照设计形状进行裁切。将太阳能羽毛正负极输出接点焊接在仿生飞行器翅膀电路接口相应位置，经过阳光照射，即可输出电压电流至仿生飞行器母线上，为储能电池提供续航。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，包括柔性太阳电池(1)、封装材料(2)、引出线(3)、输出端口(4),其特征在于，封装结构从上到下采用窗口层(11)、上层胶膜层(12)、电池电路层(13)、下层胶膜层(14)、背板层(15)的五层封装结构，作为电池电路层(13)的柔性太阳电池(1)为柔性薄膜单体太阳电池或由柔性薄膜单体太阳电池串并联组成的柔性太阳电池电路单元，柔性薄膜单体太阳电池材料为柔性薄膜砷化镓电池或铜铟镓硒电池，电池厚度≤80μm；作为窗口层(11)、上层胶膜层(12)、下层胶膜层(14)和背板层(15)的封装材料(2)为具有透光性的柔性薄膜材料，其中窗口层(11)和背板层(15)为透明弹性薄膜，其在柔性可赋形太阳电池弧度范围内具有弹性弯曲回弹性能，厚度为25μm～200μm，上层胶膜层(12)和下层胶膜层(14)为高透光率的耐老化胶膜薄膜，厚度为25μm～500μm；柔性可赋形太阳电池采用紧贴单体电池轮廓的矩形或采用弧线轮廓的羽毛形状，单体电池外的区域为透明封装薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，其特征在于，所述封装材料(2)为全透明材料，透光率≥90％，材料为PET或PDMS。
3.根据权利要求1所述用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，其特征在于，所述柔性太阳电池(1)的输出端正负极通过引出线(3)与输出端口(4)相连，采用导电胶粘接或焊接形式连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，其特征在于，所述输出端口(4)采用电连接器或导电接点形式，设置在柔性可赋形太阳电池底部，与仿真无人机铺设区域表面电路连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，其特征在于，采用电连接器形式，正负极引出线(3)分别和电连接器不同接点焊接或压接连接，电连接器为长矩形，与无人机电路表面电连接器对插，电连接器与柔性太阳电池呈90°；采用导电接点形式，通过粘接将柔性可赋形太阳电池输出端口表面与无人机电路表面连接，使正负极导电接点分别与无人机电路表面相应接点接触联通，实现功率输出效果，导电接点位于柔性可赋形太阳电池背光侧。
6.根据权利要求1所述用于仿生飞行器的柔性可赋形太阳电池，其特征在于，所述柔性砷化镓太阳电池，电池照光面为栅线结构的电极，电池背光面为全银电极，通过导电银胶将电池正背面正负极引出至金属箔，金属箔作为太阳能羽毛的引出线，正负极引出线另一端分别焊接柔性可赋形太阳电池输出端口的2个输出接点，作为柔性可赋形太阳电池的输出端口。
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