CN117535664A - Double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, and particularly discloses a double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method and equipment thereof. The invention adopts the laser beam and the double-frequency induction heating ring to carry out surface cladding on the metal matrix; the dual-frequency induction heating ring is horizontally arranged on the surface of the metal matrix, and laser spots generated by the laser beam on the metal matrix are inside the dual-frequency induction heating ring. The metal matrix and the cladding material are heated locally by utilizing laser, high-frequency current and medium-frequency current, the cladding material is added into a molten pool by virtue of the increase of the temperature of a small area, the fusion effect of the metal matrix and the cladding layer is improved, the thickness of the single-layer cladding layer can reach more than 4mm, and the cladding efficiency is greatly improved; the action time of the local molten pool is long at a higher temperature, the inclusions in the metal matrix or the cladding material float upwards for a sufficient time, the cleanliness of the cladding layer is improved, and the metallurgical bonding strength of the cladding layer and the metal matrix is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, and particularly discloses a double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method and equipment thereof.
Background
The laser cladding is a process method that external materials are added into a molten pool formed after the metal matrix is irradiated by laser in a synchronous or preset material mode, and the external materials and the molten pool are solidified together and rapidly to form a cladding layer. The cladding layer of the laser cladding has low dilution but strong binding force, is metallurgically bonded with the metal matrix, and can remarkably improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance or electrical characteristics of the surface of the metal matrix material, thereby achieving the purpose of surface modification or repair, meeting the specific performance requirement of the surface of the material and saving a large amount of material cost. Compared with surfacing, spraying, electroplating and vapor deposition, the laser cladding has the characteristics of small dilution, compact structure, good combination of the coating and the metal matrix, high cooling speed, suitability for cladding materials, large granularity and content change and the like, so the application prospect of the laser cladding technology is very broad.
And after the conventional laser cladding technology is adopted, the thickness of the cladding layer is less than 2mm after single-layer cladding. In order to thicken the cladding layer, the powder feeding amount of the cladding material must be increased, at this time, most of laser heat is absorbed by the cladding material, and the heat absorbed by the metal matrix is insufficient, so that the metallurgical bonding between the cladding layer and the metal matrix is insufficient, the bonding strength of the cladding layer is insufficient, the structure of the bottom metal matrix is poor, and the comprehensive performance of the cladding layer is adversely affected. In addition, when a thick coating or a large-area coating is needed, a multilayer cladding process is adopted in the prior art, a certain overlap ratio is needed for adjacent cladding layers (40% -60% overlap ratio is adopted for laser cladding), poor fusion is easily generated at the joint of the overlapping part of the thick cladding layer (namely, the existing laser cladding layer when the thickness is larger than 2 mm), and the problem cannot be well solved by increasing the laser power or reducing the laser scanning speed.
Because the existing laser cladding technology has the problems of low cladding efficiency and high cladding cost; multilayer cladding can also result in an accumulation of cladding layer stresses, resulting in excessive cladding layer stresses and even cracking. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a laser cladding method that can significantly increase the thickness of a single cladding layer without reducing the overall performance of the cladding layer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method and equipment thereof, which utilize laser, high-frequency current and medium-frequency current to heat a metal matrix and cladding materials, so that the molten pool reaction is sufficient, the fusion effect of the metal matrix and the cladding materials is improved, the thickness of a single-layer cladding layer can reach more than 4mm, and the comprehensive performance of the cladding layer is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method adopts a laser beam and a double-frequency induction heating ring to carry out surface cladding on a metal matrix; the dual-frequency induction heating ring is horizontally arranged on the surface of the metal matrix, and laser spots generated by the laser beam on the metal matrix are arranged in the dual-frequency induction heating ring.
Compared with the prior art, the dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method provided by the invention has the advantages that the metal matrix and cladding materials are heated simultaneously by utilizing laser, high-frequency current and medium-frequency current, the local temperature of the metal matrix can reach more than 1000 ℃ in a short time by the dual-frequency induction heating ring, the overall performance of the metal matrix is not adversely affected by the improvement of the temperature in a small area, the cladding materials are added into a molten pool at a higher temperature, the fusion effect of the metal matrix and the cladding layers is improved, the thickness of the single-layer cladding layer can reach more than 4mm, and the cladding efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the action time of the local molten pool is long at a higher temperature, the inclusions in the metal matrix or the cladding material float upwards for a sufficient time, the cleanliness of the cladding layer is effectively improved, the metallurgical bonding strength of the cladding layer and the metal matrix is high, the comprehensive properties such as impact toughness, hardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer are also obviously improved, and the cracking risk is reduced.
It should be noted that, in order to increase the fusion effect of the metal substrate and the cladding material, the laser beam is preferably perpendicular to the surface of the metal substrate; however, if the laser beam is perpendicular to the surface of the metal substrate, the laser reflected back from the surface of the metal substrate may easily damage the laser lens. Considering various factors, the included angle between the laser beam and the vertical direction of the metal substrate surface in the invention is about 10 degrees.
Preferably, the dual-frequency induction heating coil adopts single-power supply single-heating-coil dual-frequency induction heating.
The invention adopts a single-power single-heating-ring double-frequency induction heating method, is beneficial to the space arrangement of double-frequency induction heating rings, has low height and saves the space volume; meanwhile, the utilization rate of heat generated by the double-frequency induction heating coil is effectively improved. It should be noted that, the dual power supply can make equipment arrangement difficult, and the power supply moves on the guide rail along with the manipulator, and dual power supply is bulky, and heating ring and power are by water-cooling cable connection, and water-cooling cable is heavier, can make the manipulator heavy load, and dual heating ring is unable to arrange in technology, can not reach the technological requirement.
Preferably, the dual-frequency induction heating coil is a rectangular coil made of square copper tubes through which cooling water circulates; the side length of the square copper pipe is 8-12 mm, and the wall thickness is 1.8-2.2 mm.
The invention limits the material and the cross section size of the double-frequency induction heating coil, and can ensure the flow area and the flow quantity of cooling water; meanwhile, the service life of the double-frequency induction heating coil can be prolonged.
Preferably, the laser light spot is a wide light spot, and the dual-frequency induction heating ring is rectangular; the short side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the wide light spot and aligned in the middle; the long side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the laser scanning direction.
Preferably, the wide spot is near a short side of the laser scanning direction front portion.
Laser cladding has the advantage of fast cooling speed, but the cooling speed is fast and easily produces the fracture risk. The inventor finds through a large number of experiments that the front part (relative to the laser scanning direction) of the dual-frequency induction heating ring can generate a preheating effect on the metal matrix and the cladding material by arranging the light spot position close to the short side of the dual-frequency induction heating ring at the front part of the laser scanning direction; then the heat energy generated by the double-frequency induction heating ring and the laser beam acts on the cladding part together, so that the metal matrix and the cladding material fully react in the molten pool, the effective thickness of the cladding layer can be ensured, and meanwhile, the inclusion floats upwards for a sufficient time, thereby improving the cleanliness of the cladding layer; the rear part of the dual-frequency induction heating ring has the functions of heating and heat preservation on the cladding layer, and the skin effect (the surface part has the heating function) of high-frequency current can slow down the cooling speed of the surface of the cladding layer, so that the cracking tendency of the cladding layer is reduced.
Further preferably, the width of the wide light spot is 10-20 mm, and the thickness is 1-2 mm; the inner ring of the short side is 30-50 mm in size, and the long side is 18-22 mm longer than the inner ring of the short side.
The invention limits the width of the wide light spot, and can further improve cladding efficiency on the basis of ensuring light intensity uniformity. According to the invention, the short-side inner ring size of the dual-frequency induction heating ring is 20-30 mm longer than the width of the wide light spot, the inner ring size of the dual-frequency induction heating ring limits the local heating size, so that the dual-frequency induction heating ring can generate enough heating heat and heat preservation time, the coating layer can reach the corresponding thickness, and the local heating area is not excessively large, so that the comprehensive performance of the metal matrix is not adversely affected.
Further preferably, the distance between the wide spot and the short side of the front part in the laser scanning direction is 5 to 10mm.
The invention can further balance the preheating effect of the front part of the dual-frequency induction heating ring and the heating and heat preservation effect of the rear part on the cladding layer by limiting the distance, so that the metal matrix and the cladding material can fully react in a molten pool, and the thickness of the cladding layer is further ensured.
Preferably, the power of the power supply of the double-frequency induction heating coil is 18-22 kW, the medium frequency is 600-1000 HZ, and the high frequency is 10-30 kHZ.
Preferably, the power of the laser beam is 4-6 kW, and the wavelength is 0.9-1.1 μm.
Preferably, the laser scanning speed is 600-1500 mm/min.
The diathermanous depth of induction heating is inversely proportional to the frequency, the diathermanous depth of medium frequency 600-1000 HZ is 4-6 mm, and the diathermanous depth of high frequency 10-30 kHZ is 1-2 mm. The invention can ensure the thickness of a single-layer cladding layer by limiting parameters of the double-frequency induction heating coil and laser scanningOn the basis of the above, the cladding efficiency is further improved. Example results show that the thickness of a single-layer cladding layer can reach more than 4mm, and the cladding area per hour can reach 0.58m by the double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method 2 The above.
The invention also provides a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding device, which comprises a laser, a dual-frequency induction heating device and a mechanical arm; wherein,
the double-frequency induction heating device comprises a double-frequency induction heating ring and a double-frequency induction heating power supply, and the double-frequency induction heating power supply is connected with the double-frequency induction heating ring through a water cooling cable;
the mechanical arm comprises a chassis, a lever part and an end head part, wherein the lever part can freely move in space, and the chassis can horizontally move along the surface of the metal matrix;
the laser and the double-frequency induction heating coil are both fixed at the end head, and the double-frequency induction heating power supply is fixed on the chassis.
According to the dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding equipment provided by the invention, the metal matrix and the cladding material are heated by utilizing laser, high-frequency current and medium-frequency current, the molten pool reaction is sufficient, the fusion effect of the metal matrix and the cladding material is improved, the thickness of a single-layer cladding layer can reach more than 4mm, accumulation of cladding layer stress caused by multi-layer cladding is effectively avoided, the cracking risk is reduced, the cladding efficiency is improved, and the technical cost is reduced; meanwhile, the full reaction of the molten pool enables inclusions in the metal matrix or cladding material to float upwards for a sufficient time, so that the cladding layer is purer, and the comprehensive performances of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance or electrical property of the cladding layer are effectively improved.
Preferably, the device further comprises a control panel connected with the laser, the dual-frequency induction heating device and the mechanical arm through cables, wherein the control panel is used for controlling the condition parameters of the laser, the dual-frequency induction heating ring device and the mechanical arm so as to realize remote control.
Preferably, the fixing means includes bolting or plugging.
Preferably, the chassis is horizontally moved by a guide rail parallel to the laser scanning direction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a dual frequency induction heating coil and laser spot in embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein 1 is a wide light spot, 2 is a single-power single-heating-ring double-frequency induction heating ring;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the gold phase around the laser and induction weld line in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the penetration test of the cladding layer in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a golden phase diagram of the cladding layer in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a penetration test of the cladding layer of comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding apparatus of the present invention; wherein, 1 is a laser, 101 is a wide light spot, 2 is a dual-frequency induction heating device, 201 is a dual-frequency induction heating ring, 202 is a dual-frequency induction heating power supply, 203 is a water-cooled cable, 3 is a mechanical arm, 301 is a chassis, 302 is a lever part capable of freely moving in space, 303 is an end part, 4 is a metal matrix, and 5 is a guide rail.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is not limited to other parameters of laser cladding (such as components of metal matrix and cladding material powder, powder feeding mode, powder feeding amount, protective air flow and the like), and conventional laser cladding conditions are adopted. In the invention, the metal matrix is 38CrMoAl, and the cladding material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% + -0.25% of Ni, 25% + -0.25% of W, 14% + -0.25% of Cr, 8.5% + -0.25% of Fe, 3% + -0.05% of Si, 2% + -0.05% of Co, 0.5% + -0.05% of Al, 0.2% + -0.05% of Mn and 1.8% + -0.05% of C.
Referring to fig. 6, a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding apparatus includes a laser 1, a dual-frequency induction heating device 2 and a mechanical arm 3; wherein,
the dual-frequency induction heating device 2 comprises a dual-frequency induction heating coil 201 and a dual-frequency induction heating power supply 202, wherein the dual-frequency induction heating power supply 202 is connected with the dual-frequency induction heating coil 201 through a water cooling cable 203;
the mechanical arm 3 comprises a chassis 301, a lever part 302 and an end head 303, wherein the lever part 302 can freely move in space, and the chassis 301 can horizontally move along the surface of the metal matrix 4;
the laser 1 and the dual-frequency induction heating coil 201 are both fixed on the end head 303, and the dual-frequency induction heating power supply 202 is fixed on the chassis 301.
In some embodiments, the apparatus for dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding further comprises a control panel (not shown in fig. 6) connected to the laser 1, the dual-frequency induction heating device 2 and the mechanical arm 3 through cables, wherein the control panel is used for controlling the condition parameters of the laser 1, the dual-frequency induction heating coil device 2 and the mechanical arm 3 so as to realize remote control.
In some embodiments, the means of securement includes bolting or plugging (not shown in fig. 6).
In some embodiments, the chassis 301 is moved horizontally by a guide rail 5 parallel to the laser scanning direction.
In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for further illustration.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for cladding a composite laser by dual-frequency induction heating, please refer to fig. 1, and simultaneously, a laser beam and a single-power single-heating ring dual-frequency induction heating ring are adopted to clad the surface of a metal substrate; the rectangular double-frequency induction heating ring (the inner ring size is 60mm multiplied by 40 mm) is horizontally arranged on the surface of the metal matrix, and a wide light spot (15 mm multiplied by 1.5 mm) generated by the laser beam on the metal matrix is arranged inside the double-frequency induction heating ring. The short side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the wide light spot and aligned in the middle; the long side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the laser scanning direction; the distance between the wide spot and the short side of the front part in the laser scanning direction was 7mm.
The power of the power supply of the double-frequency induction heating coil is 20kW, the medium frequency is 800HZ, and the high frequency is 20kHZ. The power of the laser beam was 6kW and the wavelength was 1. Mu.m; the laser scanning speed was 1000mm/min.
The double-frequency induction heating coil is a rectangular coil made of square copper tubes with cooling water flowing in the inside; the side length of the square copper pipe is 10mm, and the wall thickness is 2mm.
The laser and induction weld lines of example 1 were examined metallographically and the test pictures are shown in figure 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, the metallographic structure is composed of a metal matrix structure and hard particles, and no obvious inclusions are detected in the cladding layer; the cladding layer and the metal matrix are metallurgically bonded, which shows that the bonding force between the cladding layer and the metal matrix is high (the strength of the metallurgically bonded is generally more than 200 MPa).
The cladding layer of example 1 was subjected to internal flaw detection by ultrasonic waves, and no lack of fusion or unsatisfactory fusion effect was found. The cladding layer of example 1 was subjected to surface inspection by infiltration method, and the test picture is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the cladding layer has no significant cracks.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for cladding a composite laser by dual-frequency induction heating, please refer to fig. 1, and simultaneously, a laser beam and a single-power single-heating ring dual-frequency induction heating ring are adopted to clad the surface of a metal substrate; the rectangular double-frequency induction heating ring (the inner ring size is 72mm multiplied by 50 mm) is horizontally arranged on the surface of the metal matrix, and a wide light spot (10 mm multiplied by 2 mm) generated by the laser beam on the metal matrix is arranged inside the double-frequency induction heating ring. The short side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the wide light spot and aligned in the middle; the long side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the laser scanning direction; the distance between the wide spot and the short side of the front part in the laser scanning direction was 10mm.
The power of the power supply of the double-frequency induction heating coil is 18kW, the medium frequency is 1000HZ, and the high frequency is 30KHZ. The power of the laser beam is 5kW, and the wavelength is 1 μm; the laser scanning speed was 1500mm/min.
The double-frequency induction heating coil is a rectangular coil made of square copper tubes with cooling water flowing in the inside; the side length of the square copper pipe is 8mm, and the wall thickness is 1.8mm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for cladding a composite laser by dual-frequency induction heating, please refer to fig. 1, and simultaneously, a laser beam and a single-power single-heating ring dual-frequency induction heating ring are adopted to clad the surface of a metal substrate; the rectangular double-frequency induction heating ring (the inner ring size is 48mm multiplied by 30 mm) is horizontally arranged on the surface of the metal matrix, and a wide light spot (20 mm multiplied by 1 mm) generated by the laser beam on the metal matrix is arranged inside the double-frequency induction heating ring. The short side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the wide light spot and aligned in the middle; the long side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the laser scanning direction; the distance between the wide spot and the short side of the front part in the laser scanning direction is 5mm.
The power of the power supply of the double-frequency induction heating coil is 22kW, the medium frequency is 600HZ, and the high frequency is 10kHZ. The power of the laser beam is 4kW, and the wavelength is 1 μm; the laser scanning speed was 600mm/min.
The double-frequency induction heating coil is a rectangular coil made of square copper tubes with cooling water flowing in the inside; the side length of the square copper pipe is 8mm, and the wall thickness is 2.2mm.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method, which is similar to embodiment 1, and is different only in that the inner ring size of the rectangular dual-frequency induction heating ring is 80mm×60mm, and is not described in detail.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method, similar to embodiment 1, except that the distance between the wide light spot and the short side of the front part in the laser scanning direction is 30mm, and is not described in detail.
Example 6
The present embodiment provides a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method, which is similar to embodiment 1, and is different only in that the intermediate frequency is 2000HZ, and the high frequency is 50kHZ, which is not described in detail.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a laser cladding method, which is different from example 1 in that only a laser beam is used for surface cladding of a metal substrate. The laser beam produced a wide spot of 20mm x 1.5mm in size perpendicular to the laser scanning direction. The power of the laser beam was 6kW and the wavelength was 1. Mu.m; the laser scanning speed was 1000mm/min.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a method of laser cladding, similar to comparative example 1, except that the power of the laser beam and the speed of laser scanning are different. The laser beam produced a wide spot of 20mm x 1.5mm in size perpendicular to the laser scanning direction. The power of the laser beam is 10kW, and the wavelength is 1 μm; the laser scanning speed was 500mm/min.
The cladding layer of comparative example 2 was examined by metallographic method, and the test picture is shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 4, the cladding layer contains significant inclusions.
The cladding layer of comparative example 2 was subjected to flaw detection by infiltration method, and the test picture is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the cladding layer has more significant cracks (dark grey areas in fig. 5).
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example provides a laser cladding method, which was performed 2 times by using the laser cladding method of comparative example 1, to obtain a superimposed cladding layer.
Effect example
The thicknesses of the cladding layers of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured, 10 points such as peripheral points and central points, which were uniformly distributed, were selected on each cladding layer, and the average value of the 10 points was taken as the final thickness of the cladding layer, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The impact toughness of the cladding layers of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was tested according to the national standard GB/T1817 "hard alloy normal temperature impact toughness test method", the sample size was determined according to the thickness of the cladding layer, and the sample size in the invention was taken: the length is 50mm, the thickness is 1.7-5 mm, and the width is 10mm. The test results are shown in Table 1.
The hardness of the cladding layers of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was tested with reference to national standard GB/T230 Rockwell hardness test for metallic materials, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of comprehensive Performance test of cladding layers of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, the dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method provided in examples 1 to 7 of the present invention can make the thickness of the single-layer cladding layer reach more than 4mm, and the cladding area per hour is 0.58m 2 The cladding layer has no cracks and fusion defects, the comprehensive properties of impact toughness, hardness, wear resistance and the like are obviously improved, and the method is suitable for the requirements of mass production and markets.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding method is characterized in that a laser beam and a double-frequency induction heating ring are adopted to carry out surface cladding on a metal matrix; the dual-frequency induction heating ring is horizontally arranged on the surface of the metal matrix, and laser spots generated by the laser beam on the metal matrix are arranged in the dual-frequency induction heating ring.
2. The method for dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding of claim 1, wherein said dual-frequency induction heating coil employs single-power single-heating-coil dual-frequency induction heating.
3. The method for cladding a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser according to claim 1, wherein the laser light spot is a wide light spot, and the dual-frequency induction heating ring is rectangular;
the short side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the wide light spot and aligned in the middle; the long side of the double-frequency induction heating ring is parallel to the laser scanning direction.
4. A method of dual frequency induction heating composite laser cladding as claimed in claim 3 wherein said wide spot is adjacent a short side of the laser scanning direction front.
5. The method for cladding by double-frequency induction heating composite laser according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the width of the wide light spot is 10-20 mm, and the thickness is 1-2 mm; the inner ring of the short side is 30-50 mm in size, and the long side is 18-22 mm longer than the inner ring of the short side; the distance between the wide light spot and the short side of the front part in the laser scanning direction is 5-10 mm.
6. The method for cladding a dual-frequency induction heating composite laser according to claim 1, wherein the power of the dual-frequency induction heating coil is 18-22 kW, the medium frequency is 600-1000 HZ, and the high frequency is 10-30 KHZ.
7. The method of dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein the power of the laser beam is 4-6 kW and the wavelength is 0.9-1.1 μm.
8. The method for dual-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding of claim 1, wherein the laser scanning speed is 600-1500 mm/min.
9. A method of double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the double-frequency induction heating coil is a rectangular coil made of square copper pipe through which cooling water circulates; the side length of the square copper pipe is 8-12 mm, and the wall thickness is 1.8-2.2 mm.
10. The double-frequency induction heating composite laser cladding equipment is characterized by comprising a laser, a double-frequency induction heating device and a mechanical arm; wherein,
the double-frequency induction heating device comprises a double-frequency induction heating ring and a double-frequency induction heating power supply, and the double-frequency induction heating power supply is connected with the double-frequency induction heating ring through a water cooling cable;
the mechanical arm comprises a chassis, a lever part and an end head part, wherein the lever part can freely move in space, and the chassis can horizontally move along the surface of the metal matrix;
the laser and the double-frequency induction heating coil are both fixed at the end head, and the double-frequency induction heating power supply is fixed on the chassis.
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