CN117535568B - High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, single wire, production method thereof and wire - Google Patents
High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, single wire, production method thereof and wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN117535568B CN117535568B CN202410031743.9A CN202410031743A CN117535568B CN 117535568 B CN117535568 B CN 117535568B CN 202410031743 A CN202410031743 A CN 202410031743A CN 117535568 B CN117535568 B CN 117535568B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 aluminum rare earth Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Zr] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Zr] ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- LNGCCWNRTBPYAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum tantalum Chemical compound [Al].[Ta] LNGCCWNRTBPYAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of metal processing, and discloses a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, a single wire, a production method thereof and a wire. Wherein, the high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy single line comprises the following components by mass percent: 0.1 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7% of Mg, 0.5 to 0.75% of Si, 0.1 to 0.25% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03% of La, 0.01 to 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements. The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire disclosed by the application has the advantages of improving the tensile strength, the elongation and the conductivity.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, a single wire, a production method thereof and a wire.
Background
For overhead transmission construction or reconstruction engineering of large-span and heavy-ice areas, line safety and high-capacity transmission must be fully considered. The adoption of the steel core high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy can effectively improve the power transmission capacity of the lead while improving the breaking force of the lead.
However, the tensile strength of the current high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is 225MPa, the elongation is 2%, the conductivity is only 55% IACS, and the requirements of high safety and large capacity transmission of a large-span engineering are difficult to meet.
Therefore, the strength, the elongation and the conductivity of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy are further improved, and the heat-resistant aluminum alloy has important significance for improving the safety and the conveying efficiency of overhead transmission lines and realizing energy conservation and emission reduction of a power grid.
In the related art, the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is mainly prepared by adding alloy elements Fe and Zr to improve the strength and the heat resistance, and belongs to non-heat treatment reinforced alloy.
In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is found that at least the following problems exist in the related art:
The non-heat treatment strengthening alloy in the related art has great limitation on the alloy strength, and breakthrough promotion is difficult to obtain.
In addition, when a large amount of alloy elements are added, the tensile strength of the single wire of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy is improved to a certain extent, but the conductivity is greatly deteriorated. For example, in a single wire of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy, when the content of Fe element exceeds 0.3% by mass and the content of Zr element exceeds 0.3% by mass, the electric conductivity is greatly deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview, and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments, but is intended as a prelude to the more detailed description that follows.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, a single wire, a production method thereof and a wire, and the tensile strength, the elongation and the conductivity are improved. The problems that in the related art, the strength of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is limited by adding alloy elements Fe and Zr, and the conductivity of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is greatly deteriorated due to the addition of a large amount of alloy elements are solved.
In some embodiments, a high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy is provided comprising, by mass: 0.1 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7% of Mg, 0.5 to 0.75% of Si, 0.1 to 0.25% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03% of La, 0.01 to 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
In some embodiments, a high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy single wire is provided comprising, by mass: 0.1 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7% of Mg, 0.5 to 0.75% of Si, 0.1 to 0.25% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03% of La, 0.01 to 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
Optionally, the tensile strength of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 270MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56 percent IACS, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5 percent; heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, wherein the strength residual rate of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Optionally, the tensile strength of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 280MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56 percent IACS, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5 percent; heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, wherein the strength residual rate of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 90 percent.
In some embodiments, a method for producing a high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy wire is provided for preparing a high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy wire as in any of the previous embodiments, comprising the steps of: preparing raw materials; preparing the raw materials into an aluminum alloy rod material; carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod; drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire; and carrying out overaging treatment on the aluminum alloy single wire.
Optionally, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to high temperature heat treatment: the heating temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-80 h, and the aluminum alloy rod is quenched after the heat preservation is finished.
Optionally, the aluminum alloy rod after the high-temperature heat treatment is subjected to drawing treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with the diameter of 2.5 to 4.0 mm.
Optionally, overaging the aluminum alloy single wire: the heating temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2-5 h.
Optionally, the raw materials include: aluminum ingot, silicon-containing material, iron agent, magnesium ingot, aluminum zirconium alloy, aluminum tantalum alloy and aluminum rare earth alloy; the silicon-containing material includes a silicon agent and/or an aluminum-silicon alloy.
Optionally, the raw materials are subjected to aluminum liquid smelting, furnace refining, online refining and continuous casting and rolling treatment to obtain the aluminum alloy rod material.
Optionally, the molten aluminum smelting comprises: adding aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, aluminum zirconium alloy and aluminum tantalum alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingot, melting and fully and uniformly stirring.
Optionally, the furnace refining comprises: transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace for stirring, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid for rare earth treatment; and heating the melt in the furnace to 730-740 ℃ for refining in the furnace, slagging off and standing the melt after refining, readjusting the temperature to 710-720 ℃, and standing for 30-40 min.
Optionally, the online refining includes: after casting starts, carrying out online degassing and online filtering for impurity removal on the melt;
The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing box, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450-500 r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g; the on-line filtration and impurity removal adopts a two-stage foam ceramic filter plate, and the porosity of the two-stage foam ceramic filter plate is 30/50PPI.
Optionally, the continuous casting and rolling method comprises the following steps: continuously casting the melt after on-line refining: adopting a wheel type crystallizer, wherein the casting temperature is 700-710 ℃, the casting speed is 8-12 m/min, the cooling water temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the sectional area of a casting blank formed by continuous casting is 2400mm 2; continuous rolling is carried out on a casting blank: the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 500-510 ℃, and the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9-10 mm is obtained and is coiled after being cooled on line.
In some embodiments, a high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy wire is provided comprising: a steel core; the plurality of high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wires of any one of the previous embodiments, the plurality of high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wires being stranded with the steel core.
The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, the single wire, the production method thereof and the lead provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can realize the following technical effects:
the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has good tensile strength, elongation and conductivity.
The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7 percent of Mg, 0.5 to 0.75 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.25 percent of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of La, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, thereby improving the tensile strength, the elongation and the electric conductivity.
According to the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, high-temperature heat treatment strengthening can be realized by adding Mg and Si elements, so that the strength and the conductivity of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire are improved. By adding Ta and Zr elements, the recrystallization temperature and creep resistance of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy are improved.
According to the production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, ta and Zr elements which are difficult to diffuse are cooperatively separated out by carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material, so that a large number of metastable Al 3Ta、Al3 Zr dispersed phases are formed, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire can be pinned at dislocation and grain boundaries after drawing, and the recrystallization temperature and creep resistance of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire are improved. The quenching treatment can enable Mg and Si elements to be fully dissolved into the matrix to form supersaturated solid solution, so that conditions are provided for subsequent overaging strengthening. Through carrying out overaging treatment to the aluminum alloy single wire, supersaturated Mg and Si elements in the alloy matrix are completely separated out, the tensile strength and the electric conductivity of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire are further improved, and meanwhile, the high overaging temperature also obviously improves the elongation of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire.
The foregoing general description and the following description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements, and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the features and techniques of the disclosed embodiments can be understood in more detail, a more particular description of the embodiments of the disclosure, briefly summarized below, may be had by reference to the appended drawings, which are not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the disclosure. In the following description of the technology, for purposes of explanation, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may still be practiced without these details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices may be shown simplified in order to simplify the drawing.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the embodiments of the disclosure and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "middle", "outer", "front", "rear", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe embodiments of the present disclosure and embodiments thereof and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the specific circumstances.
In addition, the terms "disposed," "connected," "secured" and "affixed" are to be construed broadly. For example, "connected" may be in a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
The term "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise indicated.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the character "/" indicates that the front and rear objects are an or relationship. For example, A/B represents: a or B.
The term "and/or" is an associative relationship that describes an object, meaning that there may be three relationships. For example, a and/or B, represent: a or B, or, A and B.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7% of Mg, 0.5 to 0.75% of Si, 0.1 to 0.25% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03% of La, 0.01 to 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has good tensile strength, elongation and conductivity.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7% of Mg, 0.5 to 0.75% of Si, 0.1 to 0.25% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03% of La, 0.01 to 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire provided by the embodiment of the disclosure improves tensile strength, elongation and conductivity.
According to the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, high-temperature heat treatment strengthening can be realized by adding Mg and Si elements, so that the strength and the conductivity of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire are improved. By adding Ta and Zr elements, the recrystallization temperature and creep resistance of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy are improved.
Alternatively, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is obtained by subjecting an aluminum alloy rod material to a high-temperature heat treatment, a drawing treatment and an overaging treatment in this order.
Alternatively, the content of each element in the unavoidable impurity elements is 0.005% or less by mass, and the total amount of the unavoidable impurity elements is 0.02% or less by mass.
Alternatively, la and Ce are added in the form of an aluminum rare earth alloy.
In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is more than or equal to 270MPa, the conductivity is more than or equal to 56% IACS, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5%; heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, wherein the strength residual rate of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 90 percent.
In the embodiment, the tensile strength of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 270MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56 percent IACS, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5 percent; the strength residual rate is more than or equal to 90 percent after heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, thus improving the tensile strength, the elongation and the conductivity.
In some embodiments, the tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is greater than or equal to 280MPa, the electrical conductivity is greater than or equal to 56% IACS, and the elongation is greater than or equal to 5%; heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, wherein the strength residual rate of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 90 percent.
In the embodiment, the tensile strength of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 280MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56 percent IACS, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5 percent; the strength residual rate is more than or equal to 90 percent after heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, thus realizing the further improvement of the tensile strength, the elongation and the conductivity.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, for producing the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire according to any one of the previous embodiments. The production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the components and the amounts of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, the following raw materials are prepared: aluminum ingot, silicon-containing material, iron agent, magnesium ingot, aluminum zirconium alloy, aluminum tantalum alloy and aluminum rare earth alloy. The silicon-containing material includes a silicon agent and/or an aluminum-silicon alloy.
(2) Molten aluminum smelting, comprising: adding aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, aluminum zirconium alloy and aluminum tantalum alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingot, melting and fully and uniformly stirring aluminum liquid.
(3) Furnace refining, comprising: transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace for stirring, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid for rare earth treatment. And heating the melt in the furnace to 730-740 ℃ for refining in the furnace, slagging off and standing the melt after refining, readjusting the temperature to 710-720 ℃, and standing for 30-40 min.
Optionally, after the slag skimming process, samples are taken for spectroscopic analysis to control the melt composition within desired limits.
Optionally, the holding furnace comprises a tilting holding furnace. After molten aluminum is transferred to the tilting type heat preservation furnace, an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace is started to stir.
(4) On-line refining, comprising: after the start of casting, the melt is degassed and filtered off in-line. Wherein, the online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is taken as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450-500 r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. And a double-stage foam ceramic filter plate is adopted for online filtering and impurity removal. The porosity of the dual stage ceramic foam filter plate was 30/50PPI.
In this example, after the start of casting, the melt was refined on-line to further increase purity.
(5) Continuous casting and rolling, including continuous casting of the melt after on-line refining and continuous rolling of the casting blank. The continuous casting process adopts a wheel type crystallizer, the casting temperature is 700-710 ℃, the casting speed is 8-12 m/min, the cooling water temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the sectional area of a casting blank formed by continuous casting is 2400mm 2. When the casting blank is continuously rolled, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device after coming out of a crystallization wheel, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 500-510 ℃, and the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9-10 mm is obtained and is rolled after being cooled on line.
Optionally, the tandem mill train comprises a 15 stand triple-roll mill. The rolling process was performed in a 15-stand triple-roll mill to obtain an aluminum alloy rod having a diameter of 9 to 10 mm.
(6) Carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material: the heating temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-80 h, and the aluminum alloy rod is quenched after the heat preservation is finished.
In this example, ta and Zr elements dissolved in the alloy can be sufficiently precipitated as a dispersed phase by high temperature heat treatment, and dislocations are pinned after cold deformation to raise the recrystallization temperature. And Mg and Si elements can be fully dissolved into the matrix, and a supersaturated solid solution is formed by quenching, so that conditions are provided for subsequent overaging strengthening.
(7) And (3) carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire.
In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy rod after the high temperature heat treatment is subjected to a drawing process to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire having a diameter of 2.5 to 4.0 mm.
Optionally, the aluminum alloy rod after the high-temperature heat treatment is drawn on a sliding wire drawing machine.
(8) Overaging the aluminum alloy single wire: the heating temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2-5 h.
In the embodiment, through overaging treatment on the aluminum alloy single wire, mg and Si elements are fully separated out, and the strength and the conductivity of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire are further improved.
According to the production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, through high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod, ta and Zr elements which are difficult to diffuse are subjected to synergistic precipitation effect to form a large number of metastable Al 3Ta、Al3 Zr dispersed phases, and the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire can be pinned at dislocation and grain boundaries after drawing, so that the recrystallization temperature and creep resistance of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire are improved. The subsequent quenching treatment can fully dissolve Mg and Si elements into the matrix to form supersaturated solid solution, so that conditions are provided for subsequent overaging strengthening.
According to the production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, the supersaturated Mg and Si elements in the alloy matrix are completely separated out through overaging treatment on the drawn aluminum alloy single wire, so that the tensile strength and the conductivity of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire are further improved, and meanwhile, the elongation of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is also remarkably improved at a high overaging temperature.
According to the production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, the tensile strength of the prepared high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is more than or equal to 270MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56% IACS, the elongation is more than or equal to 5%, the strength residual rate of heating at 230 ℃ for 1h is more than or equal to 90%, and the requirement of mass production is met.
Furthermore, according to the production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, the tensile strength of the prepared high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is more than or equal to 280MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56% IACS, the elongation is more than or equal to 5%, the strength residual rate of heating at 230 ℃ for 1h is more than or equal to 90%, and the requirement of mass production is met.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, comprising: a steel core; the plurality of high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wires of any one of the previous embodiments, the plurality of high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wires being stranded with the steel core.
In the embodiment, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wires are formed by twisting a plurality of high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wires and a steel core, so that the tensile strength, the elongation and the electric conductivity of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wires are improved.
When the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is applied to an overhead transmission line, the safety and the conveying efficiency of the overhead transmission line can be improved, and the energy conservation and the emission reduction of a power grid can be realized.
It can be appreciated that the manner of manufacturing the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire into the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire can be referred to the prior art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which is prepared by a production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, and the production method comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing raw materials. According to the components and the amounts of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, the following raw materials are prepared: aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, magnesium ingot, aluminum zirconium alloy, aluminum tantalum alloy and aluminum rare earth alloy.
And step two, smelting molten aluminum. Adding aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, aluminum zirconium alloy and aluminum tantalum alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingot, melting and fully and uniformly stirring aluminum liquid.
And step three, refining in a furnace. Transferring the aluminum liquid into a tilting heat preservation furnace, starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace to stir, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid to carry out rare earth treatment; and heating the melt in the furnace to 740 ℃ for refining in the furnace, and after refining, skimming and standing the melt, readjusting the temperature to 720 ℃ and standing for 35min.
And step four, refining on line. After casting starts, the melt is refined on line to further improve purity. In-line refining of the melt includes in-line degassing and in-line filtering to remove impurities. The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. And a double-stage foam ceramic filter plate is adopted for online filtering and impurity removal. The porosity of the dual stage ceramic foam filter plate was 30/50PPI.
And fifthly, continuous casting and rolling. In the continuous casting process, a wheel type crystallizer is adopted to prepare a casting blank, the sectional area of the casting blank is 2400mm 2, the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, and the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃. And after the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 500 ℃, the rolling process is carried out in a 15-frame three-roller mill, the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is obtained, and the aluminum alloy rod is coiled after being cooled on line.
Step six, carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material: the heating temperature is 450 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30 hours, and the aluminum alloy rod is quenched after heat preservation.
And step seven, drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment on a sliding wire drawing machine to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with the diameter of 3.0 mm.
Step eight, performing overaging treatment on the aluminum alloy single wire: the heating temperature is 200 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3 hours.
According to detection, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.18% of Fe, 0.47% of Mg, 0.52% of Si, 0.22% of Ta, 0.15% of Zr, 0.02% of La, 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, wherein the content of each element in the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total amount of the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.02%. The tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is 298MPa, the elongation is 5.6%, the conductivity is 56.6% IACS, and the strength residual rate after heating at 230 ℃ for 1h is 93%.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which is prepared by a production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, and the production method comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing raw materials. According to the components and the amounts of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, the following raw materials are prepared: aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, magnesium ingot, aluminum zirconium alloy, aluminum tantalum alloy and aluminum rare earth alloy.
And step two, smelting molten aluminum. Adding aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, aluminum zirconium alloy and aluminum tantalum alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingot, melting and fully and uniformly stirring aluminum liquid.
And step three, refining in a furnace. Transferring the aluminum liquid into a tilting heat preservation furnace, starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace to stir, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid to carry out rare earth treatment; and heating the melt in the furnace to 740 ℃ for refining in the furnace, and after refining, skimming and standing the melt, readjusting the temperature to 720 ℃ and standing for 35min.
And step four, refining on line. After casting starts, the melt is refined on line to further improve purity. In-line refining of the melt includes in-line degassing and in-line filtering to remove impurities. The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. And a double-stage foam ceramic filter plate is adopted for online filtering and impurity removal. The porosity of the dual stage ceramic foam filter plate was 30/50PPI.
And fifthly, continuous casting and rolling. In the continuous casting process, a wheel type crystallizer is adopted to prepare a casting blank, the sectional area of the casting blank is 2400mm 2, the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, and the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃. And after the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 500 ℃, the rolling process is carried out in a 15-frame three-roller mill, the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is obtained, and the aluminum alloy rod is coiled after being cooled on line.
Step six, carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material: the heating temperature is 450 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30 hours, and the aluminum alloy rod is quenched after heat preservation.
And step seven, drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment on a sliding wire drawing machine to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with the diameter of 3.0 mm.
Step eight, performing overaging treatment on the aluminum alloy single wire: the heating temperature is 180 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3 hours.
Through detection, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire provided by the embodiment comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.17% of Fe, 0.49% of Mg, 0.5% of Si, 0.22% of Ta, 0.18% of Zr, 0.03% of La, 0.04% of Ce and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, wherein the content of each element in the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total amount of the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.02%. The tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is 311MPa, the elongation is 5.3%, the conductivity is 56.2% IACS, and the strength residual rate after heating at 230 ℃ for 1h is 91%.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which is prepared by a production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, and the production method comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing raw materials. According to the components and the amounts of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, the following raw materials are prepared: aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, magnesium ingot, aluminum zirconium alloy, aluminum tantalum alloy and aluminum rare earth alloy.
And step two, smelting molten aluminum. Adding aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, aluminum zirconium alloy and aluminum tantalum alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingot, melting and fully and uniformly stirring aluminum liquid.
And step three, refining in a furnace. Transferring the aluminum liquid into a tilting heat preservation furnace, starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace to stir, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid to carry out rare earth treatment. And heating the melt in the furnace to 740 ℃ for refining in the furnace, and after refining, skimming and standing the melt, readjusting the temperature to 720 ℃ and standing for 35min.
And step four, refining on line. After casting starts, the melt is refined on line to further improve purity. In-line refining of the melt includes in-line degassing and in-line filtering to remove impurities. The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. And a double-stage foam ceramic filter plate is adopted for online filtering and impurity removal. The porosity of the dual stage ceramic foam filter plate was 30/50PPI.
And fifthly, continuous casting and rolling. In the continuous casting process, a wheel type crystallizer is adopted to prepare a casting blank, the sectional area of the casting blank is 2400mm 2, the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, and the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃. And after the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 500 ℃, the rolling process is carried out in a 15-frame three-roller mill, the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is obtained, and the aluminum alloy rod is coiled after being cooled on line.
Step six, carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material: the heating temperature is 450 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30 hours, and the aluminum alloy rod is quenched after heat preservation.
And step seven, drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment on a sliding wire drawing machine to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with the diameter of 3.0 mm.
Step eight, performing overaging treatment on the aluminum alloy single wire: the heating temperature is 210 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours.
Through detection, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire provided by the embodiment comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.16% of Fe, 0.54% of Mg, 0.55% of Si, 0.18% of Ta, 0.16% of Zr, 0.02% of La, 0.03% of Ce and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, wherein the content of each element in the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total amount of the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.02%. The tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is 286MPa, the elongation is 5.7%, the conductivity is 56.5% IACS, and the strength residual rate after heating at 230 ℃ for 1h is 96%.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which is prepared by a production method of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, and the production method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials. According to the components and the amounts of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy, the following raw materials are prepared: aluminum ingot, aluminum silicon alloy, iron agent, magnesium ingot, aluminum zirconium alloy, aluminum tantalum alloy and aluminum rare earth alloy.
And step two, smelting molten aluminum. Adding aluminum ingot, aluminum-silicon alloy, iron agent, aluminum-zirconium alloy and aluminum-tantalum alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingot, melting, and fully and uniformly stirring molten aluminum.
And step three, refining in a furnace. Transferring the aluminum liquid into a tilting heat preservation furnace, starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace to stir, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid to carry out rare earth treatment; and heating the melt in the furnace to 740 ℃ for refining in the furnace, and after refining, skimming and standing the melt, readjusting the temperature to 720 ℃ and standing for 35min.
And step four, refining on line. After casting starts, the melt is refined on line to further improve purity. In-line refining of the melt includes in-line degassing and in-line filtering to remove impurities. The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. And a double-stage foam ceramic filter plate is adopted for online filtering and impurity removal. The porosity of the dual stage ceramic foam filter plate was 30/50PPI.
And fifthly, continuous casting and rolling. In the continuous casting process, a wheel type crystallizer is adopted to prepare a casting blank, the sectional area of the casting blank is 2400mm 2, the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, and the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃. And after the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 500 ℃, the rolling process is carried out in a 15-frame three-roller mill, the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is obtained, and the aluminum alloy rod is coiled after being cooled on line.
Step six, carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material: the heating temperature is 430 ℃, the heat preservation time is 50h, and the aluminum alloy rod is quenched after heat preservation.
And step seven, drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment on a sliding wire drawing machine to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with the diameter of 3.0 mm.
Step eight, performing overaging treatment on the aluminum alloy single wire: the heating temperature is 200 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours.
According to detection, the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.14% of Fe, 0.41% of Mg, 0.53% of Si, 0.2% of Ta, 0.15% of Zr, 0.02% of La, 0.01% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements, wherein the content of each element in the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the total amount of the unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.02%. The tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is 272MPa, the elongation is 6.5%, the conductivity is 56.8% IACS, and the strength residual rate after heating at 230 ℃ for 1h is 94%.
In the above embodiments 1 to 4, the tensile strength of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is not less than 270MPa, the electrical conductivity is not less than 56% iacs, and the elongation is not less than 5% under the conditions that the heating temperature and the heat preservation time of the high-temperature heat treatment are different, or the heating temperature and the heat preservation time of the overaging treatment are different; the strength residual rate of heating at 230 ℃ for 1h is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, no aluminum-tantalum alloy was added to the raw material as compared with example 1.
The comparative example provides a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which is prepared by the following steps:
Step 1, preparing raw materials. The following raw materials were prepared: aluminum ingots, silicon agents, iron agents, magnesium ingots, aluminum zirconium alloys and aluminum rare earth alloys.
And 2, adding aluminum ingots, silicon agents, iron agents and aluminum-zirconium alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingots, melting and fully and uniformly stirring.
And 3, transferring the aluminum liquid to a tilting type heat preservation furnace, starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace, stirring, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid for rare earth treatment. And heating the melt to 740 ℃ for refining in a furnace, removing slag from the melt after refining, standing, readjusting the temperature to 720 ℃, and standing for 35min.
And 4, refining the melt on line after casting starts to further improve the purity. In-line refining includes in-line degassing and in-line filtering to remove impurities. The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. And a double-stage foam ceramic filter plate is adopted for online filtering and impurity removal. The porosity of the dual stage ceramic foam filter plate was 30/50PPI.
And 5, preparing a casting blank by adopting a wheel type crystallizer, wherein the sectional area of the casting blank is 2400mm 2, the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, and the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃. After the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, and the rolling temperature is 500 ℃. The rolling process is carried out in a 15-frame three-roller mill to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm, and the aluminum alloy rod is coiled after being cooled on line.
And 6, carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod, wherein the heating temperature is 450 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30h, and carrying out quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy rod after heat preservation is finished.
And 7, drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment on a sliding wire drawing machine to obtain a single wire with the diameter of 3.0 mm.
And 8, carrying out overaging treatment on the single wire, wherein the aging process is heating to 200 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours.
Through detection, the single-wire heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the comparative example comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.15% of Fe, 0.53% of Mg, 0.55% of Si, 0.14% of Zr, 0.02% of La, 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements. The single wire of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy has tensile strength of 294MPa, elongation of 5.8 percent, electric conductivity of 56.4 percent IACS and strength remaining rate of 88 percent after heating for 1 hour at 230 ℃.
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example has the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire of the example 1, and the strength residual rate of the single wire heated at 230 ℃ for 1h is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, compared with example 2, no aluminum-zirconium alloy and no aluminum-tantalum alloy were added to the raw materials, and no high-temperature heat treatment was performed on the aluminum alloy rods.
The comparative example provides a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which is prepared by the following steps:
Step 1, preparing raw materials. The following raw materials were prepared: aluminum ingots, silicon agents, iron agents, magnesium ingots and aluminum rare earth alloys.
And 2, adding aluminum ingots, silicon agents and iron agents into the smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding metal magnesium ingots, melting and fully and uniformly stirring.
And 3, transferring the aluminum liquid to a tilting type heat preservation furnace, starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace, stirring, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid for rare earth treatment. And heating the melt to 740 ℃ for refining in a furnace, removing slag from the melt after refining, standing, readjusting the temperature to 720 ℃, and standing for 35min.
And 4, refining the melt on line after casting starts to further improve the purity. In-line refining includes in-line degassing and in-line filtering to remove impurities. The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. And a double-stage foam ceramic filter plate is adopted for online filtering and impurity removal. The porosity of the dual stage ceramic foam filter plate was 30/50PPI.
And 5, preparing a continuous casting blank by adopting a wheel type crystallizer, wherein the sectional area of the continuous casting blank is 2400mm 2, the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, and the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃. After the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, and the rolling temperature is 500 ℃. The rolling process is carried out in a 15-frame three-roller mill to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm, and the aluminum alloy rod is coiled after being cooled on line.
And 6, drawing the aluminum alloy rod on a sliding wire drawing machine to obtain a single wire with the diameter of 3.0 mm.
And 7, carrying out aging treatment on the single wire, wherein the aging process is heating to 180 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours.
Through detection, the single-wire heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the comparative example comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.15% of Fe, 0.56% of Mg, 0.52% of Si, 0.03% of La, 0.03% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements. The single wire of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy has a tensile strength of 303MPa, an elongation of 6.2%, an electrical conductivity of 56.2% IACS and a strength remaining ratio of 74% when heated at 230 ℃ for 1 hour.
Compared with the example 2, the comparative example has the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire of the example 2, and the strength residual rate of the single wire heated at 230 ℃ for 1h is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example, compared with examples 1 to 3, the raw materials were not added with a silicon agent and a magnesium metal ingot, and the aluminum alloy single wire was not overaged.
The comparative example provides a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire, which is prepared by the following steps:
step 1, preparing raw materials. The following raw materials were prepared: aluminum ingots, iron agents, aluminum zirconium alloys, aluminum tantalum alloys and aluminum rare earth alloys.
And step 2, adding an aluminum ingot, an iron agent, an aluminum-zirconium alloy and an aluminum-tantalum alloy into the smelting furnace, heating, melting and fully stirring uniformly.
And 3, transferring the aluminum liquid to a tilting type heat preservation furnace, starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace, stirring, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid for rare earth treatment. And heating the melt to 740 ℃ for refining in a furnace, removing slag from the melt after refining, standing, readjusting the temperature to 720 ℃, and standing for 35min.
And 4, refining the melt on line after casting starts to further improve the purity. In-line refining includes in-line degassing and in-line filtering to remove impurities. The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing tank, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g. The on-line filtration and impurity removal adopts a two-stage foam ceramic filter plate, and the porosity of the two-stage foam ceramic filter plate is 30/50PPI.
And 5, preparing a continuous casting blank by adopting a wheel type crystallizer, wherein the sectional area of the continuous casting blank is 2400mm 2, the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, and the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃. After the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, and the rolling temperature is 500 ℃. The rolling process is carried out in a 15-frame three-roller mill to obtain an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9.5mm, and the aluminum alloy rod is coiled after being cooled on line.
And 6, carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod, wherein the heating temperature is 450 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30h, and carrying out quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy rod after heat preservation is finished.
And 7, drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment on a sliding wire drawing machine to obtain a single wire with the diameter of 3.0 mm.
Through detection, the single-wire heat-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the comparative example comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.16% of Fe, 0.22% of Ta, 0.25% of Zr, 0.03% of La, 0.03% of Ce and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements. The tensile strength of the single wire of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy is 176MPa, the elongation is 4.8 percent, the conductivity is 59.5 percent IACS, and the strength residual rate of the single wire heated at 230 ℃ for 1 hour is 98 percent.
Compared with the examples 1 to 3, the single-wire tensile strength of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy of the examples 1 to 3 is more than or equal to 280MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5%.
The above description and the drawings illustrate embodiments of the disclosure sufficiently to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other modifications. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the sequence of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in, or substituted for, those of others. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7% of Mg, 0.52 to 0.75% of Si, 0.1 to 0.25% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03% of La, 0.01 to 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
2. The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.2% of Fe, 0.35 to 0.7% of Mg, 0.52 to 0.75% of Si, 0.1 to 0.25% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.3% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.03% of La, 0.01 to 0.05% of Ce, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurity elements.
3. The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to claim 2,
The tensile strength of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 270MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56 percent IACS, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5 percent; heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, wherein the strength residual rate of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 90 percent.
4. The high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to claim 3,
The tensile strength of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 280MPa, the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 56 percent IACS, and the elongation is more than or equal to 5 percent; heating at 230 ℃ for 1h, wherein the strength residual rate of the single wire of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 90 percent.
5. A method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire as defined in any one of claims 2 to 4, comprising the steps of:
the components and amounts of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, raw materials are prepared;
Preparing the raw materials into an aluminum alloy rod material;
Carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod;
drawing the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire;
and carrying out overaging treatment on the aluminum alloy single wire.
6. The method for producing a single wire of a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein,
Carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material: the heating temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-80 h, and the aluminum alloy rod is quenched after the heat preservation is finished.
7. The method for producing a single wire of a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein,
And (3) carrying out drawing treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material subjected to the high-temperature heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy single wire with the diameter of 2.5-4.0 mm.
8. The method for producing a single wire of a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein,
Overaging the aluminum alloy single wire: the heating temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2-5 h.
9. The method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to claim 5, wherein the raw materials include:
aluminum ingot, silicon-containing material, iron agent, magnesium ingot, aluminum zirconium alloy, aluminum tantalum alloy and aluminum rare earth alloy; the silicon-containing material includes a silicon agent and/or an aluminum-silicon alloy.
10. The method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to claim 9, wherein the raw materials are prepared into an aluminum alloy rod material, comprising:
And (3) carrying out aluminum liquid smelting, furnace refining, online refining and continuous casting and rolling treatment on the raw materials to obtain the aluminum alloy rod material.
11. The method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to claim 10, wherein the molten aluminum is melted, comprising:
Adding aluminum ingot, silicon agent, iron agent, aluminum zirconium alloy and aluminum tantalum alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding magnesium ingot, melting and fully and uniformly stirring.
12. The method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to claim 11, wherein the furnace refining comprises:
Transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace for stirring, and adding aluminum rare earth alloy into the aluminum liquid for rare earth treatment;
and heating the melt in the furnace to 730-740 ℃ for refining in the furnace, slagging off and standing the melt after refining, readjusting the temperature to 710-720 ℃, and standing for 30-40 min.
13. The method for producing a single wire of a high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 12, wherein the on-line refining comprises:
after casting starts, carrying out online degassing and online filtering for impurity removal on the melt;
The online degassing adopts a rotary jetting degassing box, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle is 450-500 r/min, and the hydrogen content in the melt after online degassing treatment is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100g; the on-line filtration and impurity removal adopts a two-stage foam ceramic filter plate, and the porosity of the two-stage foam ceramic filter plate is 30/50PPI.
14. The method for producing a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire as claimed in claim 13, wherein the continuous casting and rolling comprises:
Continuously casting the melt after on-line refining: the casting temperature is 700-710 ℃, the casting speed is 8-12 m/min, the cooling water temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the sectional area of a casting blank formed by continuous casting is 2400mm 2;
continuous rolling is carried out on a casting blank: the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 500-510 ℃, and the aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 9-10 mm is obtained and is coiled after being cooled on line.
15. A high strength heat resistant aluminum alloy wire comprising:
A steel core;
a plurality of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wires as defined in any one of claims 2 to 4, stranded with a steel core.
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