CN117535490A - Preparation method of cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel and application - Google Patents
Preparation method of cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel and application Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004534 enameling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000533950 Leucojum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method of cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing molten steel: c:0.02% -0.08%, si is less than or equal to 0.5%, mn:0.2% -0.8%, P is less than or equal to 0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, al is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti:0.02% -0.08%, nb:0.005% -0.03%, N is less than or equal to 0.01%, ti-3.4XN-1.5XS is less than or equal to 0, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities; continuous casting is carried out on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1100-1300 ℃, and carrying out hot rolling, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling is 850-950 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 650-750 ℃; cold rolling the coiled steel with the rolling reduction of 50-80 percent; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 640-720 ℃; flattening the annealed steel, wherein the flattening rolling rate is 1.5% -2.5%. The preparation method can obtain the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel with high strength, low yield strength reduction rate and low thickness after enamelling at 860 ℃ and is arranged in the inner container of the water heater, thereby reducing the weight of the inner container of the water heater and reducing the manufacturing cost and the transportation cost of the water heater.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a preparation method of cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel and application.
Background
In recent years, the development of the water heater is rapid, but because the market competition is increasingly strong, the labor cost is increased, manufacturers of the water heater inner containers are forced to bear the pressure of the production cost, the water heater inner containers are required to be designed in a light-weight manner, so that the water heater inner containers are properly thinned on the basis of the thickness of the existing steel, and finally, the purposes of reducing the weight of the water heater inner containers and the cost are achieved.
The processing technology of the water heater liner mainly comprises the steps of firstly punching, hole flanging and edge cutting of the end cover, then rolling, welding and expanding the barrel wall, then welding the end cover and the barrel wall together to manufacture the water heater liner, and then carrying out single-sided enamel on the water heater liner. The enamel water heater liner needs to be subjected to pressure resistance test and fatigue test. Therefore, the steel for manufacturing the water heater liner not only meets the forming requirement and enamel requirement of the water heater, but also meets the service condition test of the water heater liner.
Therefore, how to prepare low-thickness enamel steel is an urgent problem to be solved while satisfying high strength and low yield strength reduction rate after enamelling at 860 ℃.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel and application, wherein the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel with high strength and low yield strength reduction rate after enamelling at 860 ℃ can be obtained, and the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is used for a water heater liner, so that the weight of the water heater liner is reduced, and the manufacturing cost and the transportation cost of the water heater are reduced.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, where the method includes: providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.02% -0.08%, si is less than or equal to 0.5%, mn:0.2% -0.8%, P is less than or equal to 0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, al is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti:0.02% -0.08%, nb:0.005% -0.03%, N is less than or equal to 0.01%, ti-3.4XN-1.5XS is less than or equal to 0, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities; carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1100-1300 ℃, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 850-950 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 650-750 ℃; cold rolling the coiled steel with the rolling reduction of 50-80%; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 640-720 ℃; and (3) flattening the annealed steel, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the flattening is 1.5% -2.5%.
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, the hot rolling process is performed in a single phase austenitic region.
According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the method of making further comprises an acid wash treatment after the coiling treatment.
According to one aspect of embodiments of the present application, the annealing process employs a hood-type anneal, which employs a full hydrogen purging mode.
According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the time for the annealing process is 8-11 hours.
According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the method of making further includes rewinding for oiling and separating after the planarizing process.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, which is prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect of the present application, and the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight based on 100% of the total mass of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel: c:0.02% -0.08%, si is less than or equal to 0.5%, mn:0.2% -0.8%, P is less than or equal to 0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, al is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti:0.02% -0.08%, nb:0.005% -0.03%, N is less than or equal to 0.01%, ti-3.4XN-1.5XS is less than or equal to 0, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
According to another aspect of the embodiment of the application, the yield strength of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is more than or equal to 330MPa, the tensile strength of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is more than or equal to 430MPa, the elongation of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is more than or equal to 20%, and the yield strength reduction rate of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel after enamelling at 860 ℃ is less than or equal to 5%.
According to another aspect of embodiments of the present application, the cold rolled high strength enamelled steel has a thickness < 1.8mm.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an application of the preparation method of the first aspect of the present application or the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel of the second aspect of the present application in preparing a liner of a water heater.
According to the embodiment of the application, the chemical composition of molten steel is designed, the continuous casting billet is heated to 1100-1300 ℃, the final rolling temperature of hot rolling treatment is controlled within the range of 850-950 ℃, the coiling treatment temperature is controlled within the range of 650-750 ℃, the rolling reduction rate of cold rolling treatment is controlled within the range of 50-80%, the annealing treatment temperature is controlled within the range of 640-720 ℃, and the rolling reduction rate of leveling treatment is controlled within the range of 1.5-2.5%, so that the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel with high strength and low yield strength reduction rate after enamelling at 860 ℃ is obtained, and the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is used for the inner container of the water heater, so that the weight of the inner container of the water heater is reduced, and the manufacturing cost and the transportation cost of the water heater are reduced.
Drawings
Features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a photograph of a water heater liner prepared in an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein:
11. an end cap; 12. a tub wall.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application are described in detail below to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, and to further describe the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative of the application and are not intended to be limiting. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.
It should be noted that, in this application, the term "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical values of the parameters set forth in this application may be measured by various measurement methods commonly used in the art (e.g., may be tested according to the methods set forth in the examples of this application). Unless otherwise indicated, the test temperatures for each of the parameters mentioned in this application were 25℃and the test pressures were standard atmospheric.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the inner containers of the water heater are all exemplified by a 50L domestic water heater.
The thickness of steel used for the water heater liner is required to be more than 1.8mm in order to meet the pressure resistance test and the fatigue test of the water heater liner. Because the steel used is thicker, the weight of the water heater liner is also heavier, resulting in higher production cost and transportation cost.
The water heater liner is prepared by adopting a hot rolling mode, and if the thickness of the produced steel is more than 1.8mm, the same problems as those of the cold rolling mode can be encountered. In addition, when the thickness of the steel material prepared by hot rolling is less than 1.8mm, the thickness of the hot rolled steel material approaches the hot rolling limit specification, resulting in further increase in production cost.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s10: providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.02% -0.08%, si is less than or equal to 0.5%, mn:0.2% -0.8%, P is less than or equal to 0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, al is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti:0.02% -0.08%, nb:0.005% -0.03%, N is less than or equal to 0.01%, ti-3.4XN-1.5XS is less than or equal to 0, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
s20: carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank;
s30: heating the continuous casting blank to 1100-1300 ℃, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 850-950 ℃;
s40: coiling the rolled steel at 650-750 ℃;
s50: cold rolling the coiled steel with the rolling reduction of 50-80%;
s60: annealing the cold-rolled steel at 640-720 ℃;
s70: and (3) flattening the annealed steel, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the flattening is 1.5% -2.5%.
According to the embodiment of the application, the chemical composition of molten steel is designed, the continuous casting billet is heated to 1100-1300 ℃, the final rolling temperature of hot rolling treatment is controlled within the range of 850-950 ℃, the coiling treatment temperature is controlled within the range of 650-750 ℃, the rolling reduction rate of cold rolling treatment is controlled within the range of 50-80%, the annealing treatment temperature is controlled within the range of 640-720 ℃, and the rolling reduction rate of leveling treatment is controlled within the range of 1.5-2.5%, so that the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel with high strength and low yield strength reduction rate after enamelling at 860 ℃ is obtained, and the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is used for the inner container of the water heater, so that the weight of the inner container of the water heater is reduced, and the manufacturing cost and the transportation cost of the water heater are reduced.
The specific control principles of the molten steel composition and the respective steps in the preparation method provided in the examples of the present application will be specifically described below.
Carbon is an element for ensuring the strength and the phosphorus explosion resistance of steel, and the carbon exists in the steel in the form of interstitial atoms and cementite, so that the phosphorus explosion resistance of the steel can be improved on the premise of ensuring that the steel has certain strength. However, too high a carbon content by mass may deteriorate the formability of the steel. Therefore, the mass content of the carbon should be controlled within the range of 0.02% -0.06%.
Silicon is a strengthening element for improving the strength of steel, and the higher the mass content of silicon is, the higher the strength of steel is. However, when the mass content of silicon is too high, scale which is difficult to acid-wash is easily generated, and the quality of the steel surface is affected. Therefore, the mass content of silicon should be controlled within the range of 0.5% or less.
Manganese is also a strengthening element of the steel. The addition of a small amount of manganese in the steel is beneficial to the improvement of strength, and meanwhile, the addition of a certain amount of manganese can be combined with sulfur to generate MnS, so that the problem of thermal brittleness is avoided. However, too much manganese is detrimental to the stamping process. Therefore, the mass content of manganese should be controlled within the range of 0.2% -0.8%.
Phosphorus can improve the strength of steel, but the increase in mass content of phosphorus can cause cold embrittlement of steel. Therefore, the mass content of the phosphorus is required to be as low as possible, and is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.03 percent.
Sulfur can improve the strength of steel, reduce plasticity and improve formability, and meanwhile, sulfur can cause thermal embrittlement to affect the surface quality of the steel, and in addition, if the mass content of the sulfur is excessive, the sulfur can be combined with manganese in the steel to generate excessive MnS inclusion, and the excessive MnS inclusion is easy to become a starting point of rust perforation. Therefore, the mass content of sulfur should be as low as possible and should be controlled within the range of less than or equal to 0.03%. The production of MnS inclusions can also be reduced by reducing the sulfur content, thereby reducing the adverse effect of MnS on fatigue properties.
Aluminum can be used as a deoxidizer to be added in steel smelting, and when the mass content of aluminum is less than 0.015%, inclusions in steel can be increased, and the stamping processing performance is deteriorated, so that the mass content of Al is controlled within the range of more than or equal to 0.015%.
Titanium is an important additive element in molten steel in the examples of the present application. Titanium is a strong carbonitride forming element, can prevent austenite grains from growing in the heating process of a plate blank, is favorable for obtaining uniform and fine tissues after rolling, and achieves the purposes of refining the grains and improving the strength. In addition, tiN, tiS, tiC particles in steel are used as traps for hydrogen absorption in the enameling process, so that the occurrence of scale explosion can be reduced, but the cost is increased by increasing the mass content of titanium. Thus controlling the mass content of titanium to be in the range of 0.02% -0.08%.
Niobium is also an important additive element in the molten steel of the examples of the present application. Niobium is a strong carbonitride forming element, and can prevent the growth of crystal grains in the processes of hot rolling treatment, coiling treatment and annealing treatment, thereby being beneficial to obtaining uniform and fine tissues and achieving the purposes of refining the crystal grains and improving the strength. In addition, nb (NC) and NbC particles in the steel are used as traps for absorbing hydrogen in the enameling process, so that the occurrence of scale explosion can be reduced. However, excessive addition of niobium increases costs. Thus controlling the mass content of niobium to be in the range of 0.005% -0.03%.
Nitrogen and titanium can be combined to form large-particle TiN precipitates, which is not beneficial to grain refinement and improves fatigue test performance, so that the mass content of nitrogen is controlled within the range of less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
Copper is one of the elements for improving the strength of steel. However, the copper is brittle due to the increase of the copper mass content, and is easily concentrated at the grain boundary, so that the fatigue test performance of the steel is reduced, and the copper mass content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.05%.
In order to further reduce the weight of the inner container of the water heater and further reduce the production cost of the water heater, the design thought of reducing the mass content of carbon in molten steel is adopted, and the steel is guaranteed to have certain forming performance. However, when the strength of the steel reaches a certain level or more, the production cost of the steel can be greatly increased, and the manufacturing cost of the water heater liner cannot be reduced, so that the alloy elements such as manganese, niobium, titanium and the like in the mass content range are added in a matching manner, so that the strength, the deformation resistance and the fatigue test performance of the steel are improved, and the phosphorus explosion resistance of the steel can be improved by adding the alloy elements. Thereby meeting the pressure-resistant test and pulse test requirements of the water heater liner manufactured after the steel is thinned.
The high temperature of the hot rolling treatment can lead to difficult pickling of iron scales and influence the surface quality of steel, and the low temperature of the hot rolling treatment can lead to mixed crystal of materials when the steel enters a two-phase region for rolling, and snowflake point defects are generated during stamping and influence the appearance of enamel products. The final rolling temperature of the hot rolling process is thus controlled to 850-950 c in the examples of the present application.
The temperature of the coiling treatment is increased, which is favorable for precipitation of precipitates and improves the phosphorus explosion resistance. However, the high temperature of the coiling treatment can cause serious difficulty in pickling of iron scales on the surface of the steel, and the quality of the steel is affected. Therefore, the temperature of the coiling treatment is controlled to be in the range of 650-750 ℃.
Increasing the reduction of the cold rolling process may reduce the recrystallization temperature, but too much reduction of the cold rolling process may increase the difficulty of the cold rolling process. Therefore, the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is controlled between 50% and 80%. The rolling reduction in the example of the present application was the cumulative rolling reduction.
The purpose of the annealing treatment is to eliminate work hardening in the cold rolling treatment and to give excellent plasticity, i.e., formability, to the steel. The annealing treatment is performed at too high a temperature, which causes abnormal growth of crystal grains and causes a stamped orange peel or raindrop-shaped defect. The temperature of the annealing treatment should be controlled within the range of 640-720 c.
The flattening treatment aims to eliminate the yield platform of the steel material and avoid the defects of tensile strain marks generated in the stamping process, thereby influencing the appearance quality of the enamel product. The reduction rate of the flattening treatment is too low, which can lead to the failure of eliminating the yield platform of the steel, and is too high, which can lead to the work hardening of the steel, and reduce the plasticity and the workability of the steel. Therefore, the reduction rate of the leveling treatment is controlled to be in the range of 1.5% -2.5%.
According to the embodiment of the application, the product performance can be ensured and the anti-phosphorus explosion performance of the steel can be improved by controlling the technological parameters in each step, namely, the hot rolling adopts a control process of high Wen Zhongga and high-temperature coiling, the cold rolling adopts a large rolling reduction rate and a complete recrystallization annealing control process, so that the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel with high strength and low yield strength reduction rate after enamelling at 860 ℃ is obtained.
In some alternative embodiments, the hot rolling process is performed in a single phase austenite region.
In some alternative embodiments, the method of making may further comprise an acid wash treatment after the coiling treatment.
The acid washing treatment can remove iron scales and rust on the surface of the steel, so that the surface of the steel is smooth, and the acid washing treatment can also improve the quality and service life of the steel. The conditions for the pickling treatment may be conventional pickling conditions, and for example, the surface of the steel material may be cleaned with dilute sulfuric acid.
In some alternative embodiments, the annealing process may employ a hood anneal, which may employ an all hydrogen purging mode.
The heating rate and cooling rate of the hood-type annealing are slow, so that sufficient time is allowed for carbide precipitation and grain growth. The hood-type anneal may be in a full hydrogen purging mode. The hydrogen has light weight and strong permeability, can permeate between steel coil layers, fully plays the characteristic of large heat conductivity coefficient, and remarkably improves the heat transfer efficiency. Hydrogen is used as reducing gas, feO can be reduced into iron at high temperature, and rolling oil brought by a cold rolling mill can be greatly reduced. The hydrogen is used as a protective atmosphere, so that the recrystallization is more uniform, and the mechanical properties of the annealed steel are more uniform.
In some alternative embodiments, the time of the annealing process may be 8-11 hours.
In some alternative embodiments, the method of making may further comprise rewinding, oiling and separating after the planarizing process.
The surface of the steel is not easy to rust by rewinding and oiling the steel.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, which is prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect of the present application, and the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight based on 100% of the total mass of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel: c:0.02% -0.08%, si is less than or equal to 0.5%, mn:0.2% -0.8%, P is less than or equal to 0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, al is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti:0.02% -0.08%, nb:0.005% -0.03%, N is less than or equal to 0.01%, ti-3.4XN-1.5XS is less than or equal to 0, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The chemical composition of cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is the same as that of molten steel, namely the chemical composition of molten steel is not changed in the whole preparation process, so that the control principle of the chemical composition in cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is the same as that of the chemical composition in molten steel, and the details are not repeated.
The preparation method of the embodiment of the application obviously improves the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, and the yield strength reduction rate of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel after enamelling at 860 ℃ is lower.
In some alternative embodiments, the yield strength of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is greater than or equal to 330MPa, the tensile strength of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is greater than or equal to 430MPa, the elongation of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is greater than or equal to 20%, and the yield strength of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is less than or equal to 5% after enamelling at 860 ℃.
In some alternative embodiments, the cold rolled high strength enamelled steel has a thickness < 1.8mm.
Illustratively, the thickness of the cold rolled high strength enamelled steel prepared in the examples of this application may be 1.6mm.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an application of the preparation method of the first aspect of the present application or the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel of the second aspect of the present application in preparing a liner of a water heater.
Fig. 2 is a photograph of a water heater liner prepared according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, end caps 11 are disposed at both ends of a tub wall 12.
As the thickness of the steel used by the water heater liner is reduced, the strength of the steel needs to be improved so as to meet the service conditions such as pressure resistance test and fatigue test of the water heater liner, however, the formability of the steel is reduced while the strength of the steel is improved. Considering that the deformation of the end cover of the water heater is larger, the thinning amount in the forming process is larger than that of the barrel wall, and the requirement on the forming performance is higher. Therefore, in the process of preparing the water heater liner, the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel prepared by the embodiment of the application can be used as the barrel wall of the water heater liner, and the end cover part of the water heater liner can still adopt the cold-rolled low-carbon enamel steel produced by the conventional method.
Examples
The present disclosure is more particularly described in the following examples that are intended as illustrations only, since various modifications and changes within the scope of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages and ratios reported in the examples below are on a mass basis, and all reagents used in the examples are commercially available or were obtained synthetically according to conventional methods and can be used directly without further treatment, as well as the instruments used in the examples.
Example 1
Providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.0456%, si:0.0263%, mn:0.2395%, P:0.0095%, S:0.0107%, al:0.0373%, N:0.0048%, cu:0.0467%, ti:0.0364%, nb:0.0178% and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1228 ℃ in a heating furnace, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain rolled steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 909 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 695 ℃ to obtain steel with the thickness of 3.5 mm; carrying out cold rolling treatment and acid washing treatment on the coiled steel, and rolling the coiled steel into a 1.6mm thick hard rolled coil, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is 54%; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 680 ℃ for 8 hours; and cooling the annealed steel, leveling by a leveling unit, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the leveling is 1.8%, and carrying out unreeling oiling on the leveled steel.
Example 2
Providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.0533%, si 0.0272%, mn:0.4501%, P:0.0091%, S:0.009%, al:0.0336%, N:0.0051%, cu:0.0279, ti:0.0446%, nb:0.0199% and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1180 ℃ in a heating furnace, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 895 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 714 ℃ to obtain steel with the thickness of 4 mm; carrying out cold rolling treatment and acid washing treatment on the coiled steel, rolling into a 1.6mm thick hard rolled coil, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is 60%; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 710 ℃ for 8 hours; and cooling the annealed steel, leveling by a leveling unit, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the leveling is 1.6%, and carrying out unreeling oiling on the leveled steel.
Example 3
Providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.0349%, si:0.0357%, mn:0.2909%, P:0.0135%, S:0.0106%, al:0.0253%, N:0.0076%, cu:0.0368%, ti:0.0617%, nb:0.0164% Fe and the balance of unavoidable impurities.
Carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1233 ℃ in a heating furnace, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 918 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 672 ℃ to obtain steel with the thickness of 4 mm; carrying out cold rolling treatment and acid washing treatment on the coiled steel, rolling into a 1.6mm thick hard rolled coil, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is 60%; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 690 ℃ for 10 hours; and cooling the annealed steel, leveling by a leveling unit, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the leveling is 2%, and carrying out coiling oiling on the rewound wire on the leveled steel.
Example 4
Providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.0599%, si:0.0121%, mn:0.5396%, P:0.01%, S:0.017%, al:0.03%, N:0.0046%, cu:0.0311%, ti:0.0377%, nb:0.0236% and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1175 ℃ in a heating furnace, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 889 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 688 ℃ to obtain steel with the thickness of 3.5 mm; carrying out cold rolling treatment and acid washing treatment on the coiled steel, and rolling the coiled steel into a 1.6mm thick hard rolled coil, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is 54%; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 700 ℃ for 8 hours; and cooling the annealed steel, leveling by a leveling unit, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the leveling is 1.8%, and carrying out unreeling oiling on the leveled steel.
Comparative example 1
Providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.0504%, si:0.0215%, mn:0.1432%, P:0.0104%, S:0.0039%, al:0.0355%, N:0.008%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1205 ℃ in a heating furnace, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain rolled steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 902 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 675 ℃ to obtain steel with the thickness of 4.8 mm; carrying out cold rolling treatment and acid washing treatment on the coiled steel, rolling into a 1.8mm thick hard rolled coil, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is 62.5%; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 700 ℃ for 11 hours; and cooling the annealed steel, leveling by a leveling unit, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the leveling is 1.2%, and carrying out unreeling oiling on the leveled steel.
Comparative example 2
Providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.0526%, si:0.0149%, mn:0.1814%, P:0.0234%, S:0.0029%, al:0.0211%, N:0.0055%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Carrying out continuous casting treatment on molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank; heating the continuous casting blank to 1232 ℃ in a heating furnace, and carrying out hot rolling treatment to obtain steel after hot rolling treatment, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 896 ℃; coiling the rolled steel at 692 deg.c to obtain 4.8mm thick steel; carrying out cold rolling treatment and acid washing treatment on the coiled steel, rolling into a 1.6mm thick hard rolled coil, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is 67%; annealing the cold-rolled steel at 690 ℃ for 8 hours; and cooling the annealed steel, leveling by a leveling unit, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the leveling is 1.2%, and carrying out unreeling oiling on the leveled steel.
The yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, yield strength after enamelling at 860℃and yield strength reduction rate after enamelling at 860℃of the steels prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 of the present application are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Enamel properties, service properties and thicknesses of the water heater liners prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the application can improve the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the steel, has low yield strength reduction rate after enamelling at 860 ℃, can also reduce the thickness of the steel, and can enable the water heater inner container to meet enamel performance and service performance tests by using the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel for the barrel wall of the water heater inner container, thereby reducing the weight of the water heater inner container and further reducing the manufacturing cost and transportation cost of the water heater.
While the present application has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing molten steel with the following components, wherein the chemical composition of the molten steel is as follows, and the total mass of the molten steel is 100 percent: c:0.02% -0.08%, si is less than or equal to 0.5%, mn:0.2% -0.8%, P is less than or equal to 0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, al is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti:0.02% -0.08%, nb:0.005% -0.03%, N is less than or equal to 0.01%, ti-3.4XN-1.5XS is less than or equal to 0, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
carrying out continuous casting treatment on the molten steel to obtain a continuous casting blank;
heating the continuous casting billet to 1100-1300 ℃, and performing hot rolling treatment to obtain rolled steel, wherein the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling treatment is 850-950 ℃;
coiling the rolled steel, wherein the temperature of the coiling is 650-750 ℃;
cold rolling the coiled steel, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the cold rolling treatment is 50% -80%;
annealing the cold-rolled steel, wherein the temperature of the annealing is 640-720 ℃;
and carrying out flattening treatment on the annealed steel, wherein the rolling reduction rate of the flattening treatment is 1.5% -2.5%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hot rolling process is performed in a single-phase austenitic region.
3. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that the production method further comprises an acid washing treatment after the winding treatment.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the annealing treatment is a hood-type anneal, and wherein the hood-type anneal is a full hydrogen purging mode.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the annealing is performed for a period of 8 to 11 hours.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising rewinding for oiling and separating after the planarizing treatment.
7. Cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel, characterized in that it is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following chemical composition, calculated by the total mass of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel being 100%: c:0.02% -0.08%, si is less than or equal to 0.5%, mn:0.2% -0.8%, P is less than or equal to 0.03%; s is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, al is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti:0.02% -0.08%, nb:0.005% -0.03%, N is less than or equal to 0.01%, ti-3.4XN-1.5XS is less than or equal to 0, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
8. The cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel according to claim 7, wherein the yield strength of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is more than or equal to 330MPa, the tensile strength of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is more than or equal to 430MPa, the elongation of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel is more than or equal to 20%, and the yield strength reduction rate of the cold-rolled high-strength enamel steel after enamelling at 860 ℃ is less than or equal to 5%.
9. Cold rolled high strength enamelled steel according to claim 7, characterized in that the thickness of the cold rolled high strength enamelled steel is < 1.8mm.
10. Use of the cold-rolled high-strength enamelled steel according to any one of claims 1-6 or any one of claims 7-9 for the preparation of a water heater liner.
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