CN117534552A - 一种甲基异丁基酮联产二异丁基酮的方法 - Google Patents
一种甲基异丁基酮联产二异丁基酮的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bioquercetin Natural products CC1OC(OCC(O)C2OC(OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N eriodictyol 7-O-rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C=C3C(C(C(O)=C(O3)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)=O)=C(O)C=2)O1 IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IKGXIBQEEMLURG-NVPNHPEKSA-N rutin Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 IKGXIBQEEMLURG-NVPNHPEKSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N rutin Natural products CC1OC(OCC2OC(O)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5 ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1OC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YXFDTUKUWNQPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dimethylheptan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)CC(C)=O YXFDTUKUWNQPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YGSFNCRAZOCNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.CC(C)=O YGSFNCRAZOCNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMRUPTIKESYGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 ZMRUPTIKESYGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
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- C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
- C07C45/73—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups combined with hydrogenation
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
- B01J27/1802—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种甲基异丁基酮联产二异丁基酮的方法。该方法中丙酮和MIBK在改性催化剂的作用下和氢气反应,生成MIBK、DIBK及同分异构体等物质,反应液通过丙酮回收塔、分相器、脱醇塔、脱水塔、MIBK精制塔、DIBK精制塔,得到纯度≥99.5%的MIBK产品和纯度≥98%的DIBK产品(含DIBK的同分异构体)。本发明工艺流程简单,MIBK和DIBK总选择性高且比例可调,最大限度提高装置经济性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于甲基异丁基酮和二异丁基酮生产工艺领域,具体涉及一种甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)联产二异丁基酮(DIBK)的方法。
技术背景
MIBK(甲基异丁基酮)是一种综合性能优良的中沸点溶剂,同时也是一种用途广泛的丙酮下游衍生产品,主要应用于涂料、油漆、润滑油脱蜡等工业溶剂领域,也是合成橡胶防老剂和其他化工产品的重要原料。
目前MIBK生产工艺主要有三种方法:丙酮一步法、丙酮三步法以及异丙醇法,主流工艺为丙酮一步法。丙酮在Pd/树脂催化剂上发生缩合脱水加氢反应生成MIBK,主要的副产物有异丙醇(IPA)、2-甲基戊烷(2-MP)、二丙酮醇(DAA)、异丙叉丙酮(MO)、二异丁基酮(DIBK)以及二异丁基酮的同分异构体。其中DIBK及其同分异构体是一种优良的高级有机溶剂,气味小,性能优良,主要作为各种油墨、塑料漆、添加稀释剂、船舶涂料等产品的流平剂,在水性涂料方面也有广泛应用。
专利CN200000108059.8和专利CN201010145278.X公开了制备联产甲基异丁基酮和二异丁基酮的工艺及催化剂,但是反应过程中有大量的副产物生成,MIBK和DIBK的选择性不高。
专利CN201910060664.X公开了一种甲基异丁基酮副产二异丁基酮的生产工艺,包括反应器、脱轻组分塔、脱丙酮塔、三相相分离器、共沸脱醇塔、液液分离器、MIBK提纯塔以及DIBK提纯塔。该方法能够得到纯度较高的MIBK产品和DIBK产品,但是DIBK的产能不能进行调节,不能灵活适应市场需求的变化。
专利TWI567055公开了一种二异丁基酮的形成方法,采用两段固定床反应器串联,能够实现DIBK产能的调节,但是需要缩合和加氢两种催化剂,反应流程复杂。
针对以上问题,需要开发新的甲基异丁基酮联产二异丁基酮的方法,使得二异丁基酮产能可调,工艺流程简单,MIBK和DIBK总选择性高,最大限度提高装置经济性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决目前MIBK和DIBK生产过程中的问题,提供一种MIBK联产DIBK的方法,该方法通过制备一种新催化剂,不仅能够催化剂丙酮缩合脱水加氢生产MIBK(方程式如式1所示),同样也可以催化丙酮和MIBK缩合脱水加氢生成DIBK(方程式如式2和式3所示)。并且可以通过改变助剂添加量来调节催化剂的酸碱性,进而调节MIBK和DIBK的产能。本专利中提到的DIBK为二异丁基酮及其同分异构体。
为达到上述发明目的和实现上述技术效果,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种甲基异丁基酮联产二异丁基酮的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
S1:原料丙酮和未反应的丙酮以及富MIBK的物料混合后,通过预热器预热进入反应器,与进入反应器的氢气在改性催化剂的作用下反应,生成MIBK、DIBK等物质,未反应的氢气通过压缩机进行循环;
S2:反应器出来的反应液进入丙酮回收塔,塔顶得到富含2-甲基戊烷等轻组分的流股,侧线得到纯度≥97%的丙酮循环回用;
S3:丙酮回收塔塔釜得到基本不含丙酮的物料,和脱水塔塔顶物料混合后,进入分相器分相,水相作为废水排出,油相进入脱醇塔;
S4:脱醇塔塔顶得到异丙醇和水以及少量的丙酮,塔釜物料进入脱水塔;
S5:脱水塔塔顶得到MIBK和水的共沸物,塔釜得到粗MIBK,一部分回到反应器,一部分进入MIBK精制塔;
S6:MIBK精制塔塔顶得到少量轻组分,侧线得到纯度≥99.5%的MIBK产品,塔釜物料进入DIBK精制塔;
S7:DIBK精制塔塔顶得到比DIBK轻的组分,侧线得到纯度≥98%的DIBK产品,塔釜得到重组分。
本发明中,S1中,反应器采用固定床反应器,反应温度130℃-200℃,优选150℃-180℃;反应压力0.5MPa-8MPa,优选1MPa-5MPa;氢/丙酮摩尔比为0.5-3,优选0.5-1;丙酮体积空速为0.5h-1-5h-1,优选1h-1-3h-1;反应器入口丙酮和MIBK的摩尔比为3:1-15:1,优选5:1-10:1。
本发明中,原料预热温度优选与反应器入口温度一致。
上述改性催化剂为掺杂多聚磷酸的负载型催化剂,包括金属活性组分、多聚磷酸、助剂、载体;其中,载体为氧化铝、氧化硅、二氧化钛、二氧化锆中的一种或多种,优选氧化铝和二氧化锆;金属活性组分为Pt、Pd、Ni、Cu、Co、Ru、Rh及Ir中的一种或多种,优选Pt、Pd;助剂为芸香碱;
基于改性催化剂的总质量计算,所述改性催化剂中载体含量为97.5wt%-99wt%,多聚磷酸含量为0.1wt%-1wt%,金属活性组分含量为0.1wt%-2wt%,助剂含量为0.01wt%-0.1wt%。
本发明中,改性催化剂的制备方法为浸渍法,优选地,所述方法包含如下步骤:将活性组分的盐酸盐或硝酸盐配制成一定浓度的水溶液,制成前驱体溶液;称取500g载体,加入到1000g的前驱体溶液中,在10℃-60℃下搅拌2h-10h,过滤得到的沉淀在100℃-200℃下干燥2h-24h,干燥温度优选120-150℃,得到负载有相应活性组分的催化剂粉末;将该粉末与多聚磷酸、芸香碱按一定比例混合,在200℃-450℃下焙烧2h-6h,焙烧温度优选300℃-400℃,之后压片成型、破碎,筛出10目-40目的催化剂,在氢气氛围下,120℃-200℃还原2h-8h,得到改性催化剂;
本发明中,所述改性催化剂的孔径为2nm-50nm,比表面积为80m2/g-300m2/g。
本发明中,通过制备改性催化剂来调节反应液中MIBK和DIBK的比例,改性催化剂中多聚磷酸呈酸性,能够提高载体的酸量和酸度,在促进丙酮二聚脱水的同时也能促进丙酮和MIBK的二聚脱水,进一步在催化剂中活性组分的催化下生成MIBK和DIBK。在研究过程中发明人发现,若催化剂中只加入多聚磷酸来调节催化剂酸性,反应产物中会有大量的重组分生成,如碳十二酮,所以通过加入芸香碱来进一步调节催化剂的酸碱性,降低重组分副产物的生成,进而提高MIBK和DIBK的选择性。
本发明中,丙酮回收塔压力为50-300KPaA,优选70-200KPaA;理论塔板数20-60,优选30-50;进料位置(从上至下数,下同)为第10-40块板,优选20-35块板;侧线采出位置为第7-20块理论板;回流比(回流量与塔顶采出和侧线采出总量的比值,下同)为0.5-5,优选0.8-2。
本发明中,分相器为满液操作,温度为20℃-60℃,压力为100KPaA-300KPaA。
本发明中,脱醇塔压力为50-500KPaA,优选100-200KPaA;理论塔板数10-40,优选10-20;进料位置为第5-25块板,优选第5-15块板;回流比为0.1-5,优选0.5-3。
本发明中,脱水塔压力为50-500KPaA,优选100-200KPaA;理论塔板数10-30,优选10-20;进料位置为第5-20块板,优选第5-10块板;回流比为0.1-10,优选1-5。
本发明中,MIBK精制塔压力为80-300KPaA,优选100-200KPaA;理论塔板数30-60,优选40-60;进料位置为第15-40块板,优选第20-35块板;侧线采出位置为第10-25块理论板;回流比为0.5-5,优选0.8-2。
本发明中,DIBK精制塔压力为1-200KPaA,优选10-100KPaA;理论塔板数20-80,优选20-50;进料位置为第10-50块板,优选第20-30块板;侧线采出位置为第5-20块理论板;回流比为0.5-5,优选0.8-2。
与现有技术相比,本发明的积极效果在于:
(1)通过在改性催化剂中加入多聚磷酸,提高催化剂的酸量和酸强度,提高催化剂活性,使单程转化率≥50%,降低丙酮循环能耗,提高装置经济性;
(2)通过在改性催化剂中加入芸香碱进一步调节催化剂的酸碱度,减少重组分的生成,提高目标产物MIBK和DIBK的选择性,使MIBK和DIBK的选择性≥90%;
(3)通过调节催化剂中多聚磷酸和芸香碱的加入配比以及原料中丙酮和MIBK的摩尔比,从而实现调节MIBK和DIBK的产量的效果,进而提高装置生产的灵活性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的甲基异丁基酮联产二异丁基酮的工艺流程图。
如图1所示,其中R01为固定床反应釜,C01为丙酮回收塔,C02为脱醇塔,C03为脱水塔,C04为MIBK精制塔,C05为DIBK精制塔,E01为原料预热器,E02为气液分离换热器,E03为丙酮回收塔塔顶冷凝器,E04为丙酮回收塔塔釜再沸器,E05为脱醇塔塔顶冷凝器,E06为脱醇塔塔釜再沸器,E07为脱水塔塔顶冷凝器,E08为脱水塔塔釜再沸器,E09为MIBK精制塔塔顶冷凝器,E10为MIBK精制釜再沸器,E11为DIBK精制塔塔顶冷凝器,E12为DIBK精制塔塔釜再沸器,E13为分相器进料冷却器,D01为液液分相器。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明,而非限制本发明的范围。
实施例的工艺流程如图1所示。本技术领域中的人员都会认识到,由于附图是示意性的,因此,在一套工业装置上还需要一些其他设备,例如冷凝器、换热器、回流罐、塔再沸器、泵、真空泵、温度传感器、压力传感器、泄压阀、控制阀、流量控制器、液面控制器、接收罐、储罐等。关于这些辅助设备的规格要求不属于本发明的讨论范围,可根据常规的化工技术进行考虑。
丙酮(流股1)、循环回用的粗MIBK(流股16)以及回收的丙酮(流股7)混合(流股2)后,经过原料预热器E01预热(流股3),进入到固定床反应器R01中,在改性催化剂的作用下与氢气(流股4)发生反应,反应液经过换热器E02冷却后气液分离,未反应的氢气循环利用,液体反应液(流股5)进入到丙酮回收塔C01,塔顶得到2-甲基戊烷等轻组分(流股6),侧线得到未反应的丙酮(流股7)回用,塔釜液(流股8)与脱水塔塔顶物料(流股14)混合后经过冷却器E13冷却,进入液液分相器D01,下层水相(流股10)排废液,上层油相(流股11)进入脱醇塔C02,塔顶主要得到异丙醇、水和少量的丙酮(流股12),塔釜物料(流股13)进入到脱水塔C03,塔顶得到MIBK和水的共沸物(流股14)与C01塔釜液混合,塔釜得到的粗MIBK(流股15)的一部分(流股16)循环至反应器,一部分(流股17)进入MIBK精制塔C04,塔顶得到比MIBK轻的组分(流股18),侧线采出纯度≥99.5%的MIBK产品(流股19),塔釜物料(流股20)进到DIBK精制塔C05,塔顶得到比DIBK轻的组分(流股21),侧线采出纯度≥98%的DIBK产品(流股22),塔釜为重组分(流股23)。
主要原料信息如下:
原料名称 | 规格 | 厂家 |
丙酮 | AR | 西陇化工股份有限公司 |
氢气 | 高纯 | 明炬气体股份有限公司 |
多聚磷酸 | 85% | 阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司 |
芸香碱 | 97% | 麦克林生化科技股份有限公司 |
氧化铝 | 粒径为5μm~100μm | 中铝山东有限公司 |
氧化硅 | 粒径为5μm~100μm | 科密欧化学试剂有限公司 |
二氧化钛 | 粒径为5μm~100μm | 国药集团化学试剂有限公司 |
二氧化锆 | 粒径为5μm~100μm | 国药集团化学试剂有限公司 |
设备信息如下:
气相色谱分析条件为:
分析仪器:安捷伦7820,毛细管柱(Rtx-5MS);
气相分析方法:面积归一化法;
气相分析条件:气化室温度为250℃,检测器温度250℃,柱温为程序升温:50℃,3min;80℃,2min;10℃/min至250℃,10min。
各实施例中催化剂组成如表1所示,具体制备方法见各实施例。
表1各实施例中催化剂组成
各实施例中反应器R01的条件如表2所示。
表2各实施例中反应器条件
实施例1
将12.75份PdCl2配制成浓度为1.28%的水溶液,制成前驱体溶液;称取400份氧化铝和100份二氧化锆混合均匀后,加入到1.28%的PdCl2水溶液中,在40℃下搅拌4h,过滤得到的沉淀在120℃下干燥8h,之后得到负载有PdCl2的催化剂粉末;将该粉末与2.3份多聚磷酸和0.26份芸香碱充分混合,在300℃下焙烧4h,之后压片成型、破碎,筛出10目-40目的催化剂,在氢气氛围下,150℃还原4h,得到改性催化剂1。
将反应器中装入改性催化剂1,反应器的条件如表2中所示,得到反应液1。如附图的流程所示,反应液1脱氢后按表3的精馏条件进行精馏。其中分相器D01的温度为20℃,压力为150KpaA。最终,丙酮的单程转化率为51.0%,MIBK和DIBK(包括DIBK同分异构体4,6-二甲基-2-庚酮)的选择性为95.8%,得到MIBK产品和DIBK产品的质量比例为4.7。
表3精馏条件
精馏塔 | C01 | C02 | C03 | C04 | C05 |
压力,KPaA | 50 | 150 | 50 | 80 | 5 |
理论板数 | 30 | 10 | 15 | 60 | 25 |
进料位置 | 15 | 5 | 8 | 40 | 15 |
侧线采出位置 | 8 | -- | -- | 25 | 7 |
回流比 | 0.5 | 5 | 8 | 0.5 | 5 |
实施例2
将9.92份PtCl4和2.95份RuCl3配制成浓度为1.29%的水溶液,制成前驱体溶液;称取450份二氧化锆和50份二氧化钛混合均匀后,加入到1.29%的前驱体溶液中,在10℃下搅拌10h,过滤得到的沉淀在150℃下干燥6h,之后得到负载有PtCl4和RuCl3的催化剂粉末;将该粉末与5.13份多聚磷酸和0.51份芸香碱充分混合,在200℃下焙烧6h,之后压片成型、破碎,筛出10目-40目的催化剂,在氢气氛围下,200℃还原2h,得到改性催化剂2。
将反应器中装入改性催化剂2,反应器的条件如表2中所示,得到反应液2。如附图的流程所示,反应液2脱氢后按表4的精馏条件进行精馏。其中分相器D01的温度为30℃,压力为100KpaA。最终,丙酮单程转化率为73.0%,MIBK和DIBK的选择性为91.6%,得到MIBK产品和DIBK产品的质量比例为1.9。
表4精馏条件
精馏塔 | C01 | C02 | C03 | C04 | C05 |
压力,KPaA | 100 | 50 | 100 | 150 | 40 |
理论板数 | 20 | 20 | 10 | 50 | 20 |
进料位置 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 30 | 10 |
侧线采出位置 | 7 | -- | -- | 15 | 5 |
回流比 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 1 | 1.5 |
实施例3
将1.1份Ni(NO3)2和0.47份Co(NO3)2配制成浓度为0.16%的水溶液,制成前驱体溶液;称取200份氧化硅和300份二氧化钛混合均匀后,加入到0.16%的前驱体溶液中,在60℃下搅拌2h,过滤得到的沉淀在100℃下干燥24h,之后得到负载有Ni(NO3)2和Co(NO3)2的催化剂粉末;将该粉末与4.49份多聚磷酸和0.05份芸香碱充分混合,在450℃下焙烧2h,之后压片成型、破碎,筛出10目-40目的催化剂,在氢气氛围下,120℃还原8h,得到改性催化剂3。
将反应器中装入改性催化剂3,反应器的条件如表2中所示,得到的反应液3。如附图的流程所示,反应液3脱氢后按表5的精馏条件进行精馏。其中分相器D01的温度为40℃,压力为200KpaA。丙酮单程转化率为55.6%,MIBK和DIBK的选择性为92.6%,得到MIBK产品和DIBK产品的质量比例为0.74。
表5精馏条件
精馏塔 | C01 | C02 | C03 | C04 | C05 |
压力,KPaA | 200 | 500 | 200 | 200 | 100 |
理论板数 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 40 | 30 |
进料位置 | 25 | 15 | 12 | 20 | 20 |
侧线采出位置 | 12 | -- | -- | 12 | 10 |
回流比 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
实施例4
将16.19份PdCl2和1.59份Rh(NO3)3配制成浓度为1.78%的水溶液,制成前驱体溶液;称取500份氧化铝加入到1.78%的前驱体溶液中,在50℃下搅拌5h,过滤得到的沉淀在200℃下干燥2h,之后得到负载有PdCl2和Rh(NO3)3的催化剂粉末;将该粉末与0.51份多聚磷酸和0.51份芸香碱充分混合,在350℃下焙烧3h,之后压片成型、破碎,筛出10目-40目的催化剂,在氢气氛围下,180℃还原3h,得到改性催化剂4。
将反应器中装入改性催化剂4,反应器的条件如表1中所示,得到的反应液4。如附图的流程所示,反应液4脱氢后按表6的精馏条件进行精馏。其中分相器D01的温度为50℃,压力为300KpaA。丙酮单程转化率为54.2%,MIBK和DIBK的选择性为95.2%,得到MIBK产品和DIBK产品的质量比例为10.8。
表6精馏条件
精馏塔 | C01 | C02 | C03 | C04 | C05 |
压力,KPaA | 300 | 300 | 500 | 300 | 200 |
理论板数 | 60 | 40 | 30 | 30 | 80 |
进料位置 | 40 | 25 | 20 | 15 | 50 |
侧线采出位置 | 20 | -- | -- | 10 | 20 |
回流比 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 5 | 0.5 |
对比例1
与实施例1相比,催化剂制备过程中未加入多聚磷酸和芸香碱,其他条件和实施例1一致。
在对比催化剂1的催化下,丙酮转化率为20.1%,MIBK和DIBK的选择性为86.4%,最终得到MIBK产品和DIBK产品的质量比例为21.5。
对比例2
与实施例1相比,催化剂制备过程中未加入芸香碱,其他条件和实施例1一致。催化剂的制备过程如下所示:将12.75份PdCl2配制成浓度为1.28%的水溶液,制成前驱体溶液;称取400份氧化铝和100份二氧化锆混合均匀后,加入到1.28%的PdCl2水溶液中,在40℃下搅拌4h,过滤得到的沉淀在120℃下干燥8h,之后得到负载有PdCl2的催化剂粉末;将该粉末与2.3份多聚磷酸充分混合,在300℃下焙烧4h,之后压片成型、破碎,筛出10目-40目的催化剂,在氢气氛围下,150℃还原4h,得到对比催化剂2。
在对比催化剂2的催化下,丙酮转化率为45.7%,MIBK和DIBK的选择性为78.6%,最终得到MIBK产品和DIBK产品的质量比例为11.4。
Claims (10)
1.一种甲基异丁基酮联产二异丁基酮的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
S1:原料丙酮和未反应的丙酮以及富MIBK的物料混合后,通过预热器预热进入反应器,与进入反应器的氢气在改性催化剂的作用下反应,生成包含MIBK、DIBK的物质;
S2:反应器出来的反应液进入丙酮回收塔,塔顶得到富含轻组分的流股,侧线得到高纯度丙酮循环回用;
S3:丙酮回收塔塔釜得到基本不含丙酮的物料,和脱水塔塔顶物料混合后,进入分相器分相,水相作为废水排出,油相进入脱醇塔;
S4:脱醇塔塔顶得到异丙醇和水以及少量的丙酮,塔釜物料进入脱水塔;
S5:脱水塔塔顶得到MIBK和水的共沸物,塔釜得到粗MIBK,一部分回到反应器,一部分进入MIBK精制塔;
S6:MIBK精制塔塔顶得到少量轻组分,侧线得到高纯度的MIBK产品,塔釜物料进入DIBK精制塔;
S7:DIBK精制塔塔顶得到比DIBK轻的组分,侧线得到高纯度的DIBK产品,塔釜得到重组分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述改性催化剂为掺杂多聚磷酸的负载型催化剂,包括金属活性组分、多聚磷酸、助剂、载体;其中,载体为氧化铝、氧化硅、二氧化钛、二氧化锆中的一种或多种,优选氧化铝和二氧化锆;金属活性组分为Pt、Pd、Ni、Cu、Co、Ru、Rh及Ir中的一种或多种,优选Pt、Pd;助剂为芸香碱。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,基于改性催化剂的总质量计算,所述改性催化剂中载体含量为97.5wt%-99wt%,多聚磷酸含量为0.1wt%-1wt%,金属活性组分含量为0.1wt%-2wt%,助剂含量为0.01wt%-0.1wt%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述反应器采用固定床反应器,反应温度130℃-200℃;反应压力0.5MPa-8MPa;氢/丙酮摩尔比为0.5-3;丙酮体积空速为0.5h-1-5h-1;反应器入口丙酮和MIBK的摩尔比为3:1-15:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述丙酮回收塔压力为50-300KPaA,理论塔板数20-60,进料位置为第10-40块板,侧线采出位置为第7-20块理论板;回流比为0.5-5。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述分相器为满液操作,温度为20℃-60℃,压力为100KPaA-300KPaA。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述脱醇塔压力为50-500KPaA,理论塔板数10-40,进料位置为第5-25块板,回流比为0.1-5。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述脱水塔压力为50-500KPaA,理论塔板数10-30,进料位置为第5-20块板,回流比为0.1-10。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述MIBK精制塔压力为80-300KPaA,理论塔板数30-60,进料位置为第15-40块板,侧线采出位置为第10-25块理论板;回流比为0.5-5。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述DIBK精制塔压力为1-200KPaA,理论塔板数20-80,进料位置为第10-50块板,侧线采出位置为第5-20块理论板;回流比为0.5-5。
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