CN117534345A - Optical fiber preparation method, system and optical fiber - Google Patents
Optical fiber preparation method, system and optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN117534345A CN117534345A CN202311563708.3A CN202311563708A CN117534345A CN 117534345 A CN117534345 A CN 117534345A CN 202311563708 A CN202311563708 A CN 202311563708A CN 117534345 A CN117534345 A CN 117534345A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- DEQJNIVTRAWAMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)C(F)(F)OC(=O)C=C DEQJNIVTRAWAMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(F)(F)F QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940119177 germanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/48—Coating with two or more coatings having different compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/48—Coating with two or more coatings having different compositions
- C03C25/50—Coatings containing organic materials only
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing, and aims to solve the technical problem that optical signal transmission instability easily occurs in a working environment with a large temperature difference of some known optical fibers. The preparation method of the optical fiber comprises the following steps: coating a first coating on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core, wherein the glass transition temperature of the first coating is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, and the first preset temperature is less than 0 ℃; coating a second coating on the outer peripheral surface of the first coating, wherein the glass transition temperature of the second coating is more than or equal to a second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is more than 0 ℃; curing the first coating to form a first coating; and curing the second coating to form a second coating, and manufacturing the optical fiber, wherein the thermal weight loss of the second coating after being placed for a preset time at a third preset temperature is less than or equal to 10%, and the third preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature. The optical fiber optical signal transmission device has the beneficial effects that the optical signal transmission stability of the optical fiber under the working environment with larger temperature difference is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of optical fiber manufacturing technology, and in particular, to an optical fiber manufacturing method, an optical fiber manufacturing system, and an optical fiber.
Background
The known optical fiber can only stably work in a narrow temperature range, and the phenomenon of unstable optical signal transmission easily occurs in the working environment with a large temperature difference.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an optical fiber preparation method, an optical fiber preparation system and an optical fiber, so as to solve the technical problem that optical signal transmission instability easily occurs in a working environment with a large temperature difference of some known optical fibers.
Embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method of making an optical fiber, comprising: coating a first coating on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core, wherein the glass transition temperature of the first coating is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, and the first preset temperature is less than 0 ℃; coating a second coating on the outer peripheral surface of the first coating, wherein the glass transition temperature of the second coating is more than or equal to a second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is more than 0 ℃; curing the first coating to form a first coating; and curing the second coating to form a second coating, and manufacturing the optical fiber, wherein the thermal weight loss of the second coating after being placed at a third preset temperature for a preset time is less than or equal to 10%, and the third preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature.
The glass transition temperature of the first coating is lower than a first preset temperature, when the working environment temperature of the optical fiber is higher than the first preset temperature, the first coating can be kept in a high-elastic state, the hardness of the high-elastic state first coating is far lower than that of the glass state first coating, the fiber core can be protected, and the risk of extrusion damage to the glass state first coating in the working process of the optical fiber is greatly reduced. When the working environment temperature of the optical fiber is lower than the first preset temperature, the first coating layer has a temperature range of a glass transition zone in a temperature range lower than the first preset temperature, and the first coating layer can still be kept in a high-elastic state in the temperature range, so that the fiber core can be protected.
The glass transition temperature of the second coating is greater than a second preset temperature, when the working environment temperature of the optical fiber is lower than the second preset temperature, the glassy second coating can apply extrusion acting force to the fiber core, and the first coating can effectively slow down the extrusion acting force and ensure the protection effect on the fiber core. When the working environment temperature of the optical fiber is higher than the second preset temperature, the second coating is in a high-elastic state, and the extrusion acting force applied by the second coating to the fiber core is greatly reduced. Because the thermal weight loss of the second coating is less than or equal to 10% after the second coating is placed at the third preset temperature for a preset time, when the working environment temperature of the optical fiber is higher than the third preset temperature, the thermal weight loss phenomenon of the second coating is not obvious, the first coating is prevented from being carbonized at the high temperature environment, and the first coating and the fiber core are protected.
Therefore, the lower limit value of the working temperature range of the optical fiber manufactured by the optical fiber manufacturing method can be slightly lower than the first preset temperature, the upper limit value can be arranged between the second preset temperature and the third preset temperature, the first preset temperature is lower than 0 ℃, and the third preset temperature is higher than 0 ℃, so that the fiber core of the optical fiber is still reliably protected by the first coating and the second coating under the working environment with larger temperature difference, optical signals are stably transmitted, and the working reliability of the optical fiber is ensured.
In one possible embodiment:
the first preset temperature is less than or equal to minus 60 ℃.
In one possible embodiment:
the material of the first coating comprises modified acrylic resin and a first modifier, wherein the content of the first modifier is 8-12%, and the first modifier comprises hydroxyethyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate and trifluoroethyl methacrylate.
In one possible embodiment:
the second preset temperature is more than or equal to 60 ℃, the third preset temperature is not lower than 180 ℃, and the preset time period is not lower than 36 hours.
In one possible embodiment:
the material of the second coating comprises modified acrylic resin and a second modifier, wherein the content of the second modifier is 4-8%, and the second modifier comprises 2.5-6.5% of organosilicon modified epoxy acrylic resin, 0.5-2% of propoxylated triglyceride acrylate, 0.1-0.35% of organosilicon adhesion promoter, 0.1-1% of first photoinitiator and 0.1-0.5% of second photoinitiator.
In one possible embodiment:
said curing said first coating and said second coating comprises: placing the fiber cores coated with the first coating and the second coating in a protective gas environment with the oxygen content less than or equal to 50ppm, keeping for 0.001 to 0.02 seconds, irradiating the first coating and/or the second coating through a light source to cure the first coating and the second coating, wherein the central wavelength of the light source is 210 to 500 nanometers, and the highest power concentration area of the irradiation area of the light source is less than or equal to 0.18cm 2 。
In one possible embodiment:
the first coating layer having a first relative degree of cure with respect to the core, the first relative degree of cure being 86% to 96%; the second coating has a second relative degree of cure with respect to the core, the second relative degree of cure being from 90% to 100%, the second relative degree of cure being greater than the first relative degree of cure.
In one possible embodiment:
after the optical fiber is manufactured, performing high-low temperature circulation treatment on the optical fiber in a temperature environment between-80 ℃ and 200 ℃, and monitoring attenuation change of the optical fiber; the high-low temperature cyclic treatment comprises a plurality of temperature cycles, and each temperature cycle comprises: the temperature of the optical fiber is kept in a first temperature range for a first preset time period, the temperature of the optical fiber is adjusted in a second preset time period from the first temperature range to the second temperature range, the optical fiber is kept in a third preset time period in the second temperature range, the temperature of the optical fiber is adjusted in the second preset time period from the second temperature range to the first temperature range, the first temperature range is not overlapped with the second temperature range, one of the first temperature range and the second temperature range is located in a range from-90 ℃ to-40 ℃, and the other one of the first temperature range and the second temperature range is located in a range from 140 ℃ to 210 ℃.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an optical fiber preparation system for performing the aforementioned optical fiber preparation method, the optical fiber preparation system comprising: the coating device is used for coating a first coating on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core and a second coating on the outer peripheral surface of the first coating; and the curing device is used for curing the first coating and the second coating and forming a first coating and a second coating.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an optical fiber, which is manufactured by the aforementioned optical fiber manufacturing method, comprising: a fiber core; a first coating layer, wherein the first coating layer covers the outer surface of the fiber core; and the second coating coats the outer peripheral surface of the first coating.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will briefly describe the drawings in the embodiments, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is one of the flowcharts of a method for preparing an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second flowchart of a method for fabricating an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation of the additional attenuation of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application under high and low temperature cyclic treatment;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of the additional attenuation of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application under a constant temperature environment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber preparation system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the outer diameters and relative refractive index differences of the layers of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of main reference numerals:
| optical fiber preparation system | 100 |
| Rod feeding device | 10 |
| Wire drawing device | 20 |
| Thermal insulation device | 30 |
| First measuring device | 40 |
| Tension control device | 50 |
| Coating device | 60 |
| Curing device | 70 |
| Second measuring device | 80 |
| Winding device | 90 |
| Optical fiber | 200 |
| Fiber core | 201 |
| Core layer | 202 |
| Inner cladding | 203 |
| Middle cladding | 204 |
| Outer cladding | 205 |
| First coating layer | 206 |
| Second coating | 207 |
| Preform rod | 300 |
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "or/and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without collision.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for preparing an optical fiber, including:
coating a first coating on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core 201 at a first coating temperature, wherein the glass transition temperature of the first coating is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, and the first preset temperature is less than 0 ℃;
coating a second coating on the outer peripheral surface of the first coating at a second coating temperature, wherein the glass transition temperature of the second coating is more than or equal to a second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is more than 0 ℃;
curing the first coating to form a first coating 206, the first coating 206 having an elastic modulus of less than or equal to 0.7Mpa;
and curing the second coating to form a second coating 207, and making the optical fiber 200, wherein the elastic modulus of the second coating 207 is more than or equal to 650Mpa, the thermal weight loss of the second coating 207 after being placed at a third preset temperature for a preset time is less than or equal to 10%, and the third preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature.
The glass transition temperature of the first coating 206 is lower than the first preset temperature, when the working environment temperature of the optical fiber 200 is higher than the first preset temperature, the first coating 206 can be kept in a high-elastic state, and the hardness of the high-elastic first coating 206 is far lower than that of the glass-state first coating 206, so that the optical fiber core 201 can be protected, and the risk of being damaged by extrusion of the glass-state first coating 206 in the working process of the optical fiber 200 is greatly reduced. When the temperature of the working environment of the optical fiber 200 is lower than the first preset temperature, the first coating layer 206 has a temperature range of the glass transition region in a temperature range lower than the first preset temperature, and the first coating layer 206 may still be kept in a high-elastic state in the temperature range, so that the core 201 can be protected.
The glass transition temperature of the second coating 207 is greater than the second preset temperature, and when the operating environment temperature of the optical fiber 200 is lower than the second preset temperature, the glassy second coating 207 may apply an extrusion force to the fiber core 201, and the first coating 206 may effectively slow down the extrusion force, so as to ensure the protection effect on the fiber core 201. When the operating environment temperature of the optical fiber 200 is higher than the second preset temperature, the second coating 207 is in a high-elastic state, and the extrusion force applied by the second coating 207 to the fiber core 201 is greatly reduced. Because the thermal weight loss of the second coating 207 after being placed at the third preset temperature for a preset time is less than or equal to 10%, when the working environment temperature of the optical fiber 200 is higher than the third preset temperature, the thermal weight loss phenomenon of the second coating 207 is not obvious, so that most of the second coating 207 can still be kept on the surface of the first coating 206, the first coating 206 is prevented from being carbonized under the high-temperature environment, and the first coating 206 and the fiber core 201 are protected.
The first coating 206 may substantially reduce the compressive forces exerted by the glassy second coating 207 on the core 201, thereby improving the protection of the core 201.
Therefore, the lower limit value of the working temperature range of the optical fiber 200 manufactured by the optical fiber manufacturing method according to the present embodiment may be slightly lower than the first preset temperature, the upper limit value may be located between the second preset temperature and the third preset temperature, and the first preset temperature is lower than 0 ℃, and the second preset temperature is higher than 0 ℃, so that the core 201 of the optical fiber 200 is still reliably protected by the first coating 206 and the second coating 207 under the working environment with a larger temperature difference, and the optical signal is stably transmitted, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the optical fiber 200.
In this embodiment, the first coating temperature may be set to 32 ℃ to 55 ℃, and in other embodiments, the first coating temperature may be adjusted according to the specific material of the first coating.
The second coating temperature may be set to 25 ℃ to 60 ℃, and in other embodiments, the second coating temperature may be adjusted according to the specific material of the second coating.
In this embodiment, the first preset temperature is less than or equal to-60 ℃. Therefore, the lower limit value of the working temperature range of the optical fiber 200 is at least lower than-60 ℃, so that the cold resistance of the optical fiber 200 is greatly improved, and the optical fiber 200 can ensure stable transmission of optical signals in a working environment with a larger day-night temperature difference.
In this embodiment, the material of the first coating includes a modified acrylic resin and a first modifier, the content of the first modifier is 5% to 12%, and the first modifier includes hydroxyethyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, and trifluoroethyl methacrylate. In this manner, the first coating 206 formed by curing the first coating has a glass transition temperature of less than or equal to-60 ℃.
In this embodiment, the modified acrylic resin includes polymethyl acrylate or polyethyl acrylate.
Table 1 shows the proportions of the materials of the first coating materials and the glass transition temperatures of the first coating 206 formed thereby.
TABLE 1
In this example, the viscosity of the first coating material at 25℃was (4000 to 6500) mPas and the density was (0.95 to 1.2) g/cm3.
In this embodiment, the second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 60 ℃, the third preset temperature is not less than 180 ℃, and the preset time period is not less than 36 hours. Thus, the upper limit value of the working temperature range of the optical fiber 200 can be set between 60 ℃ and 180 ℃, so that the heat resistance of the optical fiber 200 is greatly improved, and the optical fiber 200 can ensure stable transmission of optical signals in a working environment with a larger day-night temperature difference.
In this embodiment, the material of the second coating includes a modified acrylic resin and a second modifier, the content of the second modifier is 4% to 8%, the second modifier includes an organosilicon modified epoxy acrylic resin with a content of 2.5% to 6.5%, a propoxylated triglyceride acrylate with a content of 0.5% to 2%, an organosilicon adhesion promoter with a content of 0.1% to 0.35%, a first photoinitiator with a content of 0.1% to 1%, and a second photoinitiator with a content of 0.1% to 0.5%. In this way, the second coating 207 formed by curing the second coating has a glass transition temperature of 60 ℃ or higher and is capable of losing weight by 10% or less after being left for a predetermined period of time at a third predetermined temperature.
In this embodiment, the third preset temperature may be set to 200 ℃, and the preset time period may be set to 48 hours.
In this example, the modified acrylic resin includes polymethyl acrylate.
Table 2 shows the ratios of the materials of the several second coatings, and the glass transition temperatures of the second coatings 207 formed thereby, and their thermal weight loss data.
TABLE 2
In this embodiment, curing the first coating and the second coating includes: the fiber cores 201 coated with the first coating and the second coating are placed in a protective gas environment with the oxygen content less than or equal to 50ppm, the fiber cores are kept for 0.001 to 0.02 seconds, the first coating and/or the second coating are irradiated by a light source to solidify the first coating and the second coating, the center wavelength of the light source is 210 nanometers to 500 nanometers, and the highest power concentration area of the irradiation area of the light source is less than or equal to 0.18cm < 2 >.
The light source is an LED light source, and the first protective gas in the protective gas environment is one of nitrogen, hydrogen, helium and argon.
In this embodiment, curing the first coating material and the second coating material may be performed in two ways. First, the first coating is cured to form a first coating 206, the second coating is applied to the surface of the first coating 206, and then the second coating is cured to form a second coating 207. Second, a first coating material is coated on the surface of the core 201, a second coating material is coated on the surface of the first coating material, and the second coating material is irradiated by a light source, and curing of the second coating material and the first coating material is completed at the same time.
In this embodiment, the first coating 206 has a first relative degree of cure with respect to the core 201 of 86% to 96%. The second coating 207 has a second relative degree of cure with respect to the core 201, the second relative degree of cure being 90% to 100%, the second relative degree of cure being greater than the first relative degree of cure.
Referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, after the optical fiber 200 is manufactured, the optical fiber 200 is subjected to a high and low temperature cycle treatment in a temperature environment between-80 ℃ and 200 ℃ and the attenuation change of the optical fiber 200 is monitored; the high-low temperature cyclic treatment comprises a plurality of temperature cycles, and each temperature cycle comprises: the temperature of the optical fiber 200 is maintained within a first temperature range for a first preset period of time, the temperature of the optical fiber 200 is adjusted within a second preset period of time from the first temperature range to the second temperature range, the optical fiber 200 is maintained within a second temperature range for a third preset period of time, the temperature of the optical fiber 200 is adjusted within the second preset period of time from the second temperature range to the first temperature range, the first temperature range is not coincident with the second temperature range, and one is located within a range of-90 ℃ to-40 ℃, and the other is located within a range of 140 ℃ to 210 ℃.
The service life of the optical fiber 200, and the attenuation-resistant properties of the core 201, can be further extended by the high-low temperature cyclic treatment. Also, the first relative degree of cure of the first coating 206 may be further increased to 100% during the high and low temperature cycling process.
In this embodiment, the first temperature range may be specifically set to-80 ℃ to-50 ℃, and the second temperature range may be specifically set to 150 ℃ to 200 ℃. The first preset time period may be set to 1 hour to 4 hours, for example, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, or 4 hours. The second preset time period is greater than or equal to 4 hours, for example, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, etc. The third preset time period may be set to 1 hour to 4 hours, for example, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, or 4 hours.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, which shows the variation of the additional attenuation of the optical fiber 200 sample obtained in this embodiment during the high-temperature and low-temperature cyclic treatment, it can be seen that the 1310nm additional attenuation curve, 1550nm additional attenuation curve and 1625nm additional attenuation curve of the optical fiber 200 sample are all within acceptable ranges, and the 1550nm band attenuation can be reduced to below 0.18dB/km, the mode field diameter can reach 9.2 μm, and the optical fiber 200 has good compatibility with the conventional g.652 optical fiber 200. Referring to Table 3, which is a correlation of the additional attenuation, mode field diameter, and strength of several samples of the optical fiber 200 prepared in this example, it is better to demonstrate the repeated reliability of the performance parameters of the optical fiber 200 prepared in accordance with this example.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Referring to fig. 4, the optical fiber 200 sample prepared in this embodiment has a 1310nm additional attenuation curve, a 1550nm additional attenuation curve and a 1625nm additional attenuation curve under 150 ℃ environment, and the total of these additional attenuation curves and the corresponding additional attenuation curves have the unit of hours, so that it can be seen that the optical fiber 200 sample still has reliable accessory attenuation data under 150 ℃ environment for a long period of time, which indicates that the optical fiber sample has better light transmission performance.
In this embodiment, the optical fiber manufacturing method further includes, before the first coating material is applied, preparing the preform 300 by an axial vapor deposition one-step molding method, where the preform 300 includes the core layer 202, the inner cladding layer 203, the middle cladding layer 204 and the outer cladding layer 205, and stretching the fused preform 300 to form the fiber core 201, where the axial vapor deposition one-step molding method can reduce the level stress difference between the adjacent layers caused by the variation of the preparation method, so as to improve the strength of the fiber core 201, so as to ensure that the fiber core 201 has low attenuation and bending resistance, where the low attenuation can reduce the influence of the first coating layer 206 and the second coating layer 207 on the attenuation performance of the fiber core 201, ensure that the finally prepared optical fiber 200 has low attenuation performance, and the bending resistance can greatly reduce the bending possibility when the fiber core 201 is coated with the first coating material and the second coating material, and ensure the reliable strength and the bending resistance of the fiber core 201 under the coating treatment of the first coating material and the second coating material.
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment also provides an optical fiber preparation system 100 for performing the aforementioned optical fiber preparation method, the optical fiber preparation system 100 including the coating apparatus 60 and the curing apparatus 70. The coating device 60 is used for coating a first coating material on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core 201, and is used for coating a second coating material on the outer peripheral surface of the first coating material. The curing device 70 is used to cure the first and second coatings and form a first coating 206 and a second coating 207.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, the optical fiber preparation system 100 further includes: the device comprises a rod feeding device 10, a wire drawing device 20, a heat preservation device 30, a first measuring device 40, a tension control device 50, a second measuring device 80 and a winding device 90.
The rod feeding device 10, the wire drawing device 20, the heat preservation device 30, the first measuring device 40, the tension control device 50, the coating device 60, the curing device 70, the second measuring device 80 and the winding device 90 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the optical fiber 200.
The rod feeding device 10 is used for conveying a preform 300 to the inner side of the wire drawing device 20, the preform 300 passes through the wire drawing device 20 under the drive of the winding device 90 and is fused and stretched in the wire drawing device 20 to form a fiber core 201, the fiber core 201 passes through the heat insulation device 30 and then passes through the first measuring device 40, the first measuring device 40 is used for detecting the outer diameter of the fiber core 201 and conveying the fiber core 201 with the qualified outer diameter to the tension control device 50, the tension control device 50 is used for adjusting the tension of the stretched preform 300 so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the outer diameter of the fiber core 201, the fiber core 201 passes through the coating device 60 and the curing device 70 in sequence after passing through the tension control device 50 and outputs an optical fiber 200 from the curing device 70, the optical fiber 200 passes through the second measuring device 80, the second measuring device 80 is used for detecting the outer diameter of the optical fiber 200, and the winding device 90 is also used for winding the optical fiber 200 with the qualified outer diameter.
In this embodiment, the drawing device 20 may be an induction drawing furnace or a graphite drawing furnace, and the temperature in the drawing device 20 is between 1800 ℃ and 2200 ℃, and the temperature change in the drawing device 20 is within ±2 ℃ when the preform 300 is melted in the drawing device 20. The drawing device 20 is filled with a second shielding gas to prevent the preform 300 from reacting with oxygen. The second shielding gas can be inert gas, and the inert gas can be one or a mixture of argon and helium, wherein the flow rate of the shielding gas is between 10L/min and 50L/min, the oxygen content of the second shielding gas is less than or equal to 100ppm, and the wire drawing speed of the fiber core 201 is more than or equal to 50m/min.
The drawn, coated and cured optical fiber 200 is then fed to the high and low temperature recycling apparatus for high and low temperature recycling.
Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment further provides an optical fiber 200, which is manufactured by the aforementioned optical fiber manufacturing method, and includes a core 201, a first coating 206, and a second coating 207. The first coating 206 coats the outer surface of the core 201. The second coating 207 covers the outer peripheral surface of the first coating 206.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the core 201 includes a core layer 202, an inner cladding layer 203, an intermediate cladding layer 204, and an outer cladding layer 205.
The relative refractive index difference delta n1 of the core layer 202 is 0.32% -0.38%, the material of the core layer 202 comprises silicon dioxide doped germanium dioxide, and the outer diameter of the core layer 202 is r1, and r1 is more than or equal to 3.9um and less than or equal to 4.7um.
The inner cladding layer 203 is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the core layer 202, the relative refractive index difference delta n2 of the inner cladding layer 203 is 0, the material of the inner cladding layer 203 comprises pure silicon, the outer diameter of the inner cladding layer 203 is r2, and r2 is more than or equal to 7um and less than or equal to 11.5um.
The middle cladding layer 204 is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cladding layer 203, the relative refractive index difference delta n3 of the middle cladding layer 204 is-0.15% -0.01%, the material of the middle cladding layer 204 comprises fluorine doped silicon, and the outer diameter of the middle cladding layer 204 is r3, and r3 is more than or equal to 7.8um and less than or equal to 15um.
The outer cladding 205 is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the middle cladding 204, the relative refractive index difference Δn4 of the outer cladding 205 is 0, the material of the outer cladding 205 comprises pure silicon, and the outer diameter of the outer cladding 205 is r4, and r4 is more than or equal to 62um and less than or equal to 63um.
In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the first coating 206 is 175um to 200 um uum, and the outer diameter of the second coating 207 is 235um to 255um.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making an optical fiber comprising:
coating a first coating on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core, wherein the glass transition temperature of the first coating is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, and the first preset temperature is less than 0 ℃;
coating a second coating on the outer peripheral surface of the first coating, wherein the glass transition temperature of the second coating is more than or equal to a second preset temperature, and the second preset temperature is more than 0 ℃;
curing the first coating to form a first coating;
and curing the second coating to form a second coating, and manufacturing the optical fiber, wherein the thermal weight loss of the second coating after being placed at a third preset temperature for a preset time is less than or equal to 10%, and the third preset temperature is greater than the second preset temperature.
2. The method of preparing an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the first preset temperature is less than or equal to minus 60 ℃.
3. The method of preparing an optical fiber according to claim 2, wherein:
the material of the first coating comprises modified acrylic resin and a first modifier, wherein the content of the first modifier is 8-12%, and the first modifier comprises hydroxyethyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate and trifluoroethyl methacrylate.
4. The method of preparing an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the second preset temperature is more than or equal to 60 ℃, the third preset temperature is not lower than 180 ℃, and the preset time period is not lower than 36 hours.
5. The method of manufacturing an optical fiber according to claim 4, wherein:
the material of the second coating comprises modified acrylic resin and a second modifier, wherein the content of the second modifier is 4-8%, and the second modifier comprises 2.5-6.5% of organosilicon modified epoxy acrylic resin, 0.5-2% of propoxylated triglyceride acrylate, 0.1-0.35% of organosilicon adhesion promoter, 0.1-1% of first photoinitiator and 0.1-0.5% of second photoinitiator.
6. The method of preparing an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
said curing said first coating and said second coating comprises:
placing the cores coated with the first coating and the second coating in a protective gas environment with the oxygen content less than or equal to 50ppm for 0.001 to 0.02 seconds, and irradiating the first coating and/or the second coating by a light source to cure the first coating and the second coating, wherein the light source is arranged in the middleThe center wavelength is 210-500 nanometers, and the highest power concentration area of the irradiation area of the light source is less than or equal to 0.18cm 2 。
7. The method of preparing an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the first coating layer having a first relative degree of cure with respect to the core, the first relative degree of cure being 86% to 96%;
the second coating has a second relative degree of cure with respect to the core, the second relative degree of cure being from 90% to 100%, the second relative degree of cure being greater than the first relative degree of cure.
8. The method of preparing an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
after the optical fiber is manufactured, performing high-low temperature circulation treatment on the optical fiber in a temperature environment between-80 ℃ and 200 ℃, and monitoring attenuation change of the optical fiber;
the high-low temperature cyclic treatment comprises a plurality of temperature cycles, and each temperature cycle comprises:
the temperature of the optical fiber is kept in a first temperature range for a first preset time period, the temperature of the optical fiber is adjusted in a second preset time period from the first temperature range to the second temperature range, the optical fiber is kept in a third preset time period in the second temperature range, the temperature of the optical fiber is adjusted in the second preset time period from the second temperature range to the first temperature range, the first temperature range is not overlapped with the second temperature range, one of the first temperature range and the second temperature range is located in a range from-90 ℃ to-40 ℃, and the other one of the first temperature range and the second temperature range is located in a range from 140 ℃ to 210 ℃.
9. An optical fiber preparation system for performing the optical fiber preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the coating device is used for coating a first coating on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core and a second coating on the outer peripheral surface of the first coating;
and the curing device is used for curing the first coating and the second coating and forming a first coating and a second coating.
10. An optical fiber produced by the optical fiber production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
a fiber core;
a first coating layer, wherein the first coating layer covers the outer surface of the fiber core;
and the second coating coats the outer peripheral surface of the first coating.
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