CN117517924B - PCB preparation test system and process - Google Patents

PCB preparation test system and process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117517924B
CN117517924B CN202311476206.7A CN202311476206A CN117517924B CN 117517924 B CN117517924 B CN 117517924B CN 202311476206 A CN202311476206 A CN 202311476206A CN 117517924 B CN117517924 B CN 117517924B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pcb
workbench
plate
auxiliary seat
test
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202311476206.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN117517924A (en
Inventor
钟小龙
吕万军
王海山
李豪
胡卓冬
李加明
范小强
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Hubei Yongchuangxin Electronics Co ltd
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Hubei Yongchuangxin Electronics Co ltd
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Application filed by Hubei Yongchuangxin Electronics Co ltd filed Critical Hubei Yongchuangxin Electronics Co ltd
Priority to CN202311476206.7A priority Critical patent/CN117517924B/en
Publication of CN117517924A publication Critical patent/CN117517924A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
    • G01R31/2806—Apparatus therefor, e.g. test stations, drivers, analysers, conveyors
    • G01R31/2808—Holding, conveying or contacting devices, e.g. test adapters, edge connectors, extender boards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G01M7/027—Specimen mounting arrangements, e.g. table head adapters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02—General constructional details
    • G01R1/04—Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
    • G01R1/0408—Test fixtures or contact fields; Connectors or connecting adaptors; Test clips; Test sockets
    • G01R1/0425—Test clips, e.g. for IC's

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of PCB board testing, in particular to a PCB board preparation testing system and a PCB board preparation testing process, wherein the PCB board preparation testing system comprises a workbench, a limiting testing device and a vibrating device; the invention can solve the following problems in the process of testing the PCB in the prior art: the test probes cannot be adjusted according to the position and specification of the plugging ends of the PCBs, so that the PCBs with the widths not within the clamping range cannot be clamped, and the PCBs with different types cannot be tested; the state of the PCB when the PCB is vibrated in the driving process of the automobile needs to be tested and simulated, and the test can be realized only by using another testing device, so that the testing efficiency is affected; the invention can clamp and fix the PCB in multiple directions, and can carry out self-adaptive adjustment according to the width of the PCB, thereby being suitable for the PCB with different specifications; the invention can vibrate the PCB and test the service performance of the PCB in a vibration state.

Description

PCB preparation test system and process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of PCB test, in particular to a PCB preparation test system and a PCB preparation test process.
Background
The PCB is an important electronic component and is a carrier for electrically connecting electronic components with each other; the PCB is generally suitable for electronic devices, communication devices, medical devices, industrial control systems, automotive electronics, etc., and in order to ensure that the PCB can be used normally, functional tests are required to be performed after the PCB is manufactured, so as to ensure that the quality of the PCB meets the use requirements.
In addition, for the PCB in the automobile electronic product, as the automobile runs on a bumpy road, the PCB is also subject to vibration, so that components on the PCB are easily broken or fall off, the plugging end of the PCB is easily loosened, and the normal use of the PCB is further affected; based on the vibration test, the vibration test is required to be performed on the PCB so as to test the vibration resistance of components on the PCB and whether virtual connection exists.
In the prior art, also disclosed a large amount of PCB board tests and corresponding device, wherein, chinese patent publication number CN214845635U discloses a PCB board testing arrangement, including the base plate, be equipped with the fixture that is used for clamping the PCB board on the base plate, fixture's top is equipped with the detection mechanism that is used for detecting the PCB board, fixture is including the riser of symmetry setting on the base plate, the upper end of a pair of riser is equipped with the benchmark board jointly, the inboard of riser all is equipped with the movable plate that can reciprocate, inject the centre gripping space that forms to be used for clamping the PCB board between movable plate and the benchmark board, detection mechanism includes the probe seat, a plurality of test probes have been laid to the lower extreme of probe seat, the upper end and the driving motor who drives its reciprocates of probe seat are connected.
When the PCB detection device is used, the surface to be detected of the PCB is upwards, the PCB is placed in the clamping space of the clamping mechanism, and the moving plate is driven to move upwards until the surface to be detected of the PCB abuts against the lower end face of the reference plate; and starting the driving motor, enabling the probe seat to move downwards and driving the test probe to move downwards along the limiting hole until the test probe passes through the limiting hole and contacts the surface to be detected of the PCB.
The prior art has the following advantages: through limiting the movement of the test probe, the test probe is prevented from shifting, and stable contact between the test probe and the surface to be detected of the PCB is ensured.
However, in the process of testing the PCB board using the above-mentioned prior art, there are the following disadvantages:
1. because the chip positions of the input signals of the PCBs of different types are different, and the lengths and the widths of the PCBs of different specifications are different, but the test probes cannot be adjusted according to the positions and the specifications of the plugging ends of the PCBs in the prior art, so that the PCBs with the widths not in the clamping range cannot be clamped, and therefore, the PCBs of different types cannot be tested, and the applicability is poor.
2. In addition, the PCB testing device can only test the PCB through the testing probe, so that the state of the PCB when the PCB is vibrated in the driving process of the automobile needs to be tested and simulated, and the PCB testing device can be realized only by using another testing device, thereby influencing the testing efficiency.
Thus, under the above stated point of view, the prior art PCB board testing approaches have room for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a PCB preparation test system, which comprises a workbench, wherein a limit test device is arranged at the upper end of the workbench, a vibration device is arranged at the lower end of the workbench, the limit test device comprises a fixed table arranged in the middle of the upper end of the workbench, and the vibration device comprises a bearing plate positioned below the workbench.
The limit testing device further comprises sliding grooves, a plurality of sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the width direction of the upper end of the workbench at equal intervals, a push plate is connected in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, a plurality of bidirectional screws penetrating through the sliding grooves and the push plate are connected with each other in a rotating mode on the side wall of the workbench, the bidirectional screws are matched with the push plate in a threaded mode, a clamping mechanism is arranged on one side, close to the workbench, of the push plate and comprises a sliding sleeve, the outer wall of the bidirectional screws is arranged on the outer wall of the bidirectional screws in a sliding mode, the sliding connection is arranged on an executing plate inside the sliding grooves, a testing mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the workbench, and the testing mechanism comprises a locating plate arranged on any side of the length direction of the upper end of the workbench.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism further comprises a pushing spring, the pushing spring sleeved outside the bidirectional screw is arranged between the execution plate and the pushing plate, the execution plate is located on one side, close to the middle of the workbench, of the pushing plate, a through hole is formed in the execution plate, the inner wall of the through hole is slidably connected with a supporting block, a guide strip is arranged between the supporting block and the inner side wall of the through hole, a supporting spring rod is arranged between the supporting block and the pushing plate, a V-shaped block is arranged on one side, close to the middle of the workbench, of the supporting block, two supporting plates are symmetrically arranged on one side, close to the middle of the workbench, of the execution plate along the supporting block, rubber protection pads are arranged between the two supporting plates, and sliding supporting connection is achieved between the V-shaped block and the rubber protection pads.
Preferably, the testing mechanism further comprises a guide chute, the guide chute is formed in one side, far away from the positioning plate, of the upper end of the workbench in the length direction, a displacement plate is in sliding butt joint with the guide chute, a screw rod penetrating through the guide chute is rotationally connected to the side wall of the workbench, the screw rod penetrates through the displacement plate in a threaded connection mode, a reciprocating motor connected with the screw rod is arranged on the side wall of the workbench through a motor base, and a simulation plug-in assembly is arranged on the displacement plate.
Preferably, the analog plug-in assembly comprises a support plate, two support plates are symmetrically arranged on one side of the displacement plate, which is close to the middle part of the workbench, and test plates are arranged on the opposite sides of the two support plates through a plurality of top-extension spring rods, the test plates are not contacted with the displacement plate, a testing machine is arranged on one side of the displacement plate, which is far away from the middle part of the workbench, and the input end of the testing machine is respectively connected with the two test plates through a wire;
One side of the test plate, which is close to the middle part of the workbench, is an inclined section, and one sides of the inclined sections of the two test plates, which are far away from the displacement plate, are gradually inclined towards opposite sides.
Preferably, the vibration device further comprises contraction spring rods, four corners at the lower end of the workbench are hinged with the contraction spring rods, the lower ends of the contraction spring rods are hinged with bearing plates together, two vertical plates are mounted at the upper ends of the bearing plates, two rotating shafts are symmetrically connected between the two vertical plates in a rotating mode along the length direction, the two rotating shafts are connected through belt transmission, a driving motor connected with any rotating shaft is arranged on the side wall of any vertical plate through a motor cover, and two linkage wheels are symmetrically sleeved on the outer wall of each rotating shaft;
The lower end of the workbench is provided with two first auxiliary seats corresponding to the positions of the rotating shafts, the lower end of each first auxiliary seat is an arc convex surface, the outer wall of each linkage wheel is uniformly provided with a plurality of annularly distributed top contact blocks, and the vibration device further comprises a vibration angle adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, the vibration angle adjusting mechanism comprises a second auxiliary seat, wherein the second auxiliary seat is arranged at any one end of the first auxiliary seat, the second auxiliary seat is connected to the lower end of the workbench, the lower end of the second auxiliary seat is an arc convex surface, the diameter of one end, far away from the first auxiliary seat, of the second auxiliary seat gradually increases downwards, a linkage wheel, far away from one side of the second auxiliary seat, is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a linkage wheel, close to one side of the second auxiliary seat, is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft through a spline sliding sleeve;
The one end cover that the pivot is close to the second auxiliary seat is equipped with the annular cover, and the annular cover and rather than close erectting between the board rotate and be connected, annular spout has been seted up to one side that the annular cover is close to the linkage wheel, and the symmetry rotates in the annular spout and is connected with two adjusting screw, and adjusting screw keeps away from between the one end of annular cover and the linkage wheel that keeps away from second auxiliary seat one side and rotates to be connected, and adjusting screw passes the linkage wheel that is close to second auxiliary seat one side through threaded connection's mode.
Preferably, the vibration angle adjusting mechanism further comprises a fixed lantern ring, the threads on the outer wall of the adjusting screw rod are formed from the annular sleeve to the joint of the first auxiliary seat and the second auxiliary seat, the fixed lantern ring is sleeved below the joint of the first auxiliary seat and the second auxiliary seat on the outer wall of the adjusting screw rod, and the linkage wheel close to one side of the second auxiliary seat is abutted against the fixed lantern ring;
The connecting groove that is linked together with annular spout has been seted up to annular cover inside, and adjusting screw tip cover is equipped with the rotation and sets up the driven gear in the connecting groove inside, and annular cover lateral wall rotates the cover and is equipped with the annular ring gear with driven gear engaged with, and annular ring gear outer wall evenly is provided with a plurality of rings of driving levers that distribute.
Preferably, a plurality of hemispherical grooves which are distributed in an annular mode are uniformly formed in the outer side wall of the annular sleeve, the hemispherical grooves are symmetrically distributed along the annular gear ring, two annular frames are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the annular gear ring, and clamping blocks which slide and abut against in the hemispherical grooves are mounted on the inner side wall of the annular frames through expansion spring rods.
In addition, the invention also provides a PCB preparation and test process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: placing a PCB: firstly, placing a PCB to be tested at the upper end of a workbench, and then clamping and fixing the PCB by a clamping mechanism;
s2: and (3) testing a PCB: carrying out power-on test on the PCB in the step S1 through a test mechanism;
S3: vibrating the PCB: vibrating the PCB under test in the step S2 through a vibrating device to test whether the PCB can be normally used in a vibration bearing state;
S4: and (3) taking down the PCB: and taking down the PCB after detection.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. According to the invention, the execution board drives the rubber protection pad to abut against the outer side wall of the PCB to perform preliminary positioning, the PCB is prevented from being offset, the V-shaped blocks abut against the outer side wall of the PCB through the rubber protection pad, so that the PCB is subjected to secondary positioning, the PCB can be clamped and fixed in multiple directions through the abutting of the plurality of V-shaped blocks against the outer side wall of the PCB, the stability of the PCB is ensured, the influence on the testing progress caused by random offset of the PCB in the testing process is avoided, and the V-shaped blocks can perform self-adaptive adjustment according to the width of the PCB, so that the PCB is suitable for the PCBs with different specifications.
2. According to the invention, the test boards with different types can be tested through the test board matched positioning board with the length larger than the width of the plugging end of the PCB, and the test boards can be guided through the inclined sections of the test boards, so that the test boards can smoothly expand and lean against the upper side and the lower side of the plugging end of the PCB, and the connection and disassembly steps between the test boards and the PCB are simple and easy to operate.
3. According to the invention, the connecting wheel is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, so that the plurality of top contact blocks sequentially slide and collide with the first auxiliary seat, and the workbench is controlled to vibrate up and down by matching with the contraction spring rod, so that the PCB can be tested and the state of the PCB when the PCB is vibrated can be simulated; and the testing machine can monitor the state of the PCB, so that the stability of components on the PCB is tested, and the conditions of poor contact, breakage, falling and the like of the components due to virtual connection are eliminated, and the service performance of the PCB in a fixed state and a vibration state can be tested.
4. According to the invention, the distance between the two linkage wheels on the outer wall of the rotating shaft is adjusted, so that the adjusted linkage wheels are matched with the second auxiliary seat to lift the workbench upwards, and the workbench vibrates up and down while maintaining the inclined state, so that the vibration test of the PCB in the inclined state is realized; in addition, through adjusting the contact position between linkage wheel and the second auxiliary seat, the inclination of workstation can be directly controlled to the shock resistance of test PCB board under different inclination.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the limit test device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 2a of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure between the clamping mechanism and the testing mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at B of fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the workbench, limit test device and vibration device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure between the table and the vibration device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the vibration device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 8C in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the vibration angle adjusting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 10 at D according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a workbench; 2. a limit test device; 21. a fixed table; 22. a slip groove; 23. a push plate; 24. a bidirectional screw; 25. a clamping mechanism; 251. a performance board; 252. pushing and extruding a spring; 253. a tightening block; 254. a guide bar; 255. supporting a spring rod; 256. a V-shaped block; 257. a bearing plate; 258. a rubber protective pad; 26. a testing mechanism; 261. a positioning plate; 262. a guide chute; 263. a displacement plate; 264. a screw rod; 265. a reciprocating motor; 266. simulating a plug assembly; 267. a support plate; 268. pushing and extending a spring rod; 269. a test board; 270. a testing machine; 271. a wire; 3. a vibration device; 31. a receiving plate; 32. retracting the spring rod; 33. erecting a plate; 34. a rotating shaft; 35. a driving motor; 36. a linkage wheel; 37. a first auxiliary seat; 38. a top contact block; 39. a vibration angle adjusting mechanism; 391. a second auxiliary seat; 392. an annular sleeve; 393. an annular chute; 394. adjusting a screw; 395. a fixed collar; 396. a driven gear; 397. an annular gear ring; 398. a deflector rod; 399. hemispherical grooves; 400. an annular frame; 401. expanding the spring rod; 402. a clamping block; 5. and a PCB board.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-11, but the invention can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
The embodiment of the application discloses a PCB preparation test system, which is mainly applied to the process of testing a manufactured PCB 5, and can clamp and fix the PCB 5 in multiple directions in technical effect, so that the stability of the PCB 5 is ensured, the influence on the test progress caused by random deflection of the PCB 5 in the test process is avoided, and then the fixed PCB 5 is tested; particularly, in the testing process, the PCB 5 with different types can be tested through the test board 269 with the length longer than the width of the plugging end of the PCB 5, and the connection and disassembly steps between the test board 269 and the PCB 5 are simple and easy to operate; further, the PCB preparation test system can vibrate the PCB 5 so as to test the shock resistance of the PCB 5.
Embodiment one:
Referring to fig. 1, a PCB 5 preparation test system includes a workbench 1, a limit test device 2 is installed at the upper end of the workbench 1, a vibration device 3 is provided at the lower end of the workbench 1, the limit test device 2 includes a fixing table 21 installed at the middle part of the upper end of the workbench 1, and the vibration device 3 includes a receiving plate 31 located below the workbench 1.
In practical application, firstly place the PCB board 5 of waiting to test in fixed station 21 upper end, secondly carry out the centre gripping fixed to PCB board 5 through spacing testing arrangement 2, then vibrate PCB board 5 through vibrator 3 to whether test PCB board 5 can normal use when bearing vibrations.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to facilitate better testing of the PCB 5, the PCB 5 needs to be limited and fixed, so as to ensure that the PCB 5 has sufficient stability and does not deviate; based on this, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a limit test device 2 is provided, specifically, the limit test device 2 further includes a sliding groove 22, two sides of the width direction of the upper end of the workbench 1 are provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 22 at equal intervals, a push plate 23 is slidingly connected inside the sliding groove 22, a plurality of bidirectional screws 24 penetrating through the sliding groove 22 and the push plate 23 are rotatably connected to the side wall of the workbench 1, the plurality of bidirectional screws 24 are connected through belt transmission, the bidirectional screws 24 are matched with the push plate 23 through threaded connection, a clamping mechanism 25 is provided on one side of the push plate 23 close to the workbench 1, and a test mechanism 26 is provided on the upper end of the workbench 1; it should be noted that, the working principle of the bidirectional screw 24 adopted in the present embodiment is the same as that of the self-locking threaded rod in the prior art, and the bidirectional screw 24 can be automatically locked after rotating, so that the bidirectional screw can not rotate at will under the action of other external forces, and the description is omitted here.
In the specific implementation process, after the PCB 5 is placed at the upper end of the fixing table 21, the bidirectional screw 24 is rotated, and the bidirectional screw 24 drives the two pushing plates 23 on the outer wall of the bidirectional screw to move relatively, so that the pushing plates 23 drive the clamping mechanism 25 to clamp and fix the PCB 5; and then connected with the plugging end of the PCB board 5 through the testing mechanism 26 and tested.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to facilitate clamping and fixing of the PCB board 5, in this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 25 includes an execution board 251 slidably sleeved on an outer wall of the bi-directional screw 24 and slidably connected inside the sliding groove 22, a pushing spring 252 sleeved outside the bi-directional screw 24 is disposed between the execution board 251 and the push board 23, the execution board 251 is located on a side of the push board 23 near a middle portion of the table 1, a through hole is formed in the execution board 251, a tightening block 253 is slidably connected on an inner wall of the through hole, a guide strip 254 is disposed between the tightening block 253 and an inner wall of the through hole, a supporting spring rod 255 is disposed between the tightening block 253 and the push board 23, a V-shaped block 256 is disposed on a side of the tightening block 253 near the middle portion of the table 1, two support boards 257 are symmetrically mounted up and down along the tightening block 253 on a side of the middle portion of the execution board 251, a rubber protection pad 258 is disposed between the two support boards 257, the V-shaped block 256 and the rubber protection pad 258 is in a flexible structure that is easy to deform, and is mainly used for protecting the side walls of the PCB board 5 from damage.
In the present embodiment, the pushing spring 252 and the supporting spring lever 255 apply pushing force to the execution plate 251 and the abutting block 253, respectively, so that both the execution plate 251 and the abutting block 253 have a tendency to move toward the middle of the table 1; in the initial state, the push plate 23 is located at a side of the sliding groove 22 away from the middle of the table 1, at which time the distance between the execution plate 251 and the push plate 23 is maximized, and the distance between the rubber packing 258 on the execution plate 251 and the middle of the table 1 is maximized, so that the PCB board 5 is placed at the upper end of the fixing table 21.
In addition, the elasticity of the pushing spring 252 is greater than the elasticity of the supporting spring rod 255, so that the abutting block 253 drives the V-shaped block 256 to retract between the rubber protection pad 258 and the execution plate 251 in the initial state, and the rubber protection pad 258 is a vertical plane.
In the specific implementation process, when the push plate 23 moves to one side close to the middle part of the workbench 1, the pushing spring 252 and the supporting spring rod 255 drive the execution plate 251 and the abutting block 253 to synchronously move; the execution board 251 firstly drives the rubber protection pad 258 to abut against the outer side wall of the PCB 5, so that the PCB 5 is initially positioned, the PCB 5 is prevented from being deflected, then the push plate 23 continues to move, and the supporting spring rod 255 drives the abutting block 253 and the V-shaped block 256 to synchronously move, so that the V-shaped block 256 abuts against the outer side wall of the PCB 5 through the rubber protection pad 258, and at the moment, the rubber protection pad 258 is deformed and wrapped on the outer side wall of the PCB 5, so that the PCB 5 is secondarily positioned; with this can carry out diversified centre gripping fixed to PCB board 5 through a plurality of V-arrangement piece 256 support by PCB board 5 lateral wall, and can ensure that PCB board 5 is located the middle part of fixed station 21 upper end to ensure the stability of PCB board 5, avoid PCB board 5 to deviate at will and influence the test progress in the test process, and V-arrangement piece 256 can carry out the self-adaptation according to the width of PCB board 5, thereby be suitable for the PCB board 5 of different specifications.
After the detection of the PCB 5 is completed, the bidirectional screw 24 is reversely rotated to drive the push plate 23, the execution plate 251 and the abutting block 253 to reset, so as to release the fixing effect on the PCB 5, and then the PCB 5 is taken down.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, since the plugging end of the PCB 5 is generally at the end and flat, the plugging end of the PCB 5 needs to be electrically connected when testing the PCB 5, and whether the PCB 5 can be used normally is determined by the signal fed back during the testing process; based on this, the testing mechanism 26 is provided in the specific embodiment of the present solution, which includes a positioning plate 261 disposed on any side of the upper end length direction of the workbench 1, a guiding chute 262 is provided on one side of the upper end length direction of the workbench 1 away from the positioning plate 261, a displacement plate 263 is slidingly abutted to the guiding chute 262, a screw rod 264 passing through the guiding chute 262 is rotationally connected to the side wall of the workbench 1, the screw rod 264 passes through the displacement plate 263 in a threaded connection manner, a reciprocating motor 265 connected with the screw rod 264 is disposed on the side wall of the workbench 1 through a motor base, and a simulation plugging component 266 is disposed on the displacement plate 263.
Further, in this embodiment, the analog plug-in assembly 266 includes a support plate 267, two support plates 267 are symmetrically disposed on one side of the displacement plate 263 near the middle of the workbench 1, the opposite sides of the two support plates 267 are respectively provided with a test plate 269 through a plurality of spring rods 268, the test plate 269 is not contacted with the displacement plate 263, a testing machine 270 is disposed on one side of the displacement plate 263 far from the middle of the workbench 1, and the input ends of the testing machine 270 are respectively connected with the two test plates 269 through wires 271.
In this embodiment, the pushing spring rod 268 always applies a pushing force to the test plates 269 so that the test plates 269 have a tendency to move to a side away from the support plate 267, and in addition, the side of the test plates 269 near the middle of the table 1 is an inclined section, and the inclined sections of the two test plates 269 gradually incline to opposite sides from the side of the displacement plate 263; the inclined section through the test board 269 can play a role in guiding, and when the test board 269 needs to be clamped with the plugging end of the PCB 5, the test board 269 can be guided through the inclined section, so that the test board 269 can smoothly expand and lean against the upper side and the lower side of the plugging end of the PCB 5.
It should be noted that, the testing machine 270 used in the present embodiment is configured to test the PCB 5 through the testing board 269, so as to detect whether the PCB 5 can be used normally, and the testing machine 270 is of the prior art, which is not described herein.
In the specific implementation process, the reciprocating motor 265 is started, the reciprocating motor 265 drives the screw rod 264 to rotate, and the screw rod 264 drives the displacement plate 263, the support plate 267, the test plate 269 and the test machine 270 to integrally move to one side close to the PCB 5; the two test boards 269 are slidably clamped at the plugging end of the PCB 5 and are respectively connected with the upper side and the lower side of the plugging end of the PCB 5, so that the test machine 270 is electrically connected with the PCB 5 through the test boards 269 and the lead 271, then the test machine 270 is started, and the test machine 270 tests the PCB 5 through the lead 271 and the test boards 269, thereby testing whether the PCB 5 can be normally used; after the detection of the PCB 5 is finished, the reciprocating motor 265 drives the screw rod 264 to rotate reversely and drives the test board 269 to be pulled out from the plugging end of the PCB 5.
In the embodiment, the length of the test board 269 is larger than the width of the plugging end of the PCB 5, so that the test board 269 can be connected with various different types of PCBs 5, and the connection and disassembly steps between the test board 269 and the PCBs 5 are simple and easy to operate; in addition, can fix a position PCB board 5 through locating plate 261, prevent that PCB board 5 from receiving the extrusion force of test board 269 and producing and sliding, and locating plate 261 can be installed fast and dismantle (not shown in the figure) in the different positions of workstation 1 upper end to can cooperate test board 269 to test PCB board 5 of different length.
Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, since the PCB 5 may be mounted on the automobile in practical application, in order to ensure the usability of the PCB 5, it is necessary to simulate the state of the PCB 5 when it is vibrated during the driving of the automobile; based on this, in this embodiment, the vibration device 3 further includes a contraction spring rod 32, four corners of the lower end of the working table 1 are hinged with the contraction spring rods 32, the lower ends of the contraction spring rods 32 are hinged with a bearing plate 31, two upright plates 33 are mounted on the upper ends of the bearing plate 31, two rotating shafts 34 are symmetrically connected between the two upright plates 33 in a rotating manner along the length direction, the two rotating shafts 34 are connected through belt transmission, a driving motor 35 connected with any rotating shaft 34 is arranged on the side wall of any upright plate 33 through a motor cover, and two linkage wheels 36 are symmetrically sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34.
Further, in this embodiment, two first auxiliary seats 37 corresponding to the positions of the rotating shafts 34 are provided at the lower end of the workbench 1, the lower end of the first auxiliary seat 37 is an arc convex surface, a plurality of annularly distributed top contact blocks 38 are uniformly provided on the outer wall of the linkage wheel 36, and the vibration device 3 further includes a vibration angle adjusting mechanism 39; in the initial state, the table 1 can be supported upward at this time.
In the specific implementation process, the driving motor 35 is started, the driving motor 35 drives the rotating shaft 34 and the linkage wheel 36 on the outer wall to rotate, and the linkage wheel 36 drives the top contact blocks 38 to synchronously rotate, so that a plurality of top contact blocks 38 sequentially slide and collide with the first auxiliary seat 37; since the retraction spring lever 32 always applies a downward retraction force to the table 1, the distance between the table 1 and the receiving plate 31 is smallest when the interlocking wheel 36 and the first auxiliary seat 37 are engaged with each other, and the distance between the table 1 and the receiving plate 31 is largest when the top contact block 38 and the first auxiliary seat 37 are engaged with each other.
With this control workbench 1 vibrations from top to bottom to can simulate the state when receiving vibrations to PCB board 5 when testing PCB board 5, because test machine 270 still tests PCB board 5 this moment, consequently test machine 270 can monitor the state of PCB board 5, thereby test the stability of components and parts on the PCB board 5, and then get rid of the components and parts and appear because the poor contact that appears of virtual joint, fracture and condition such as drop, can test the performance of PCB board 5 under fixed state and vibration state.
Embodiment two:
Referring to fig. 7, 8, 9 and 10, on the basis of the first embodiment, the whole course of running of the automobile cannot be ensured to be kept horizontal, especially on a bumpy road, the automobile may incline, and at this time, the vibration born by the PCB 5 in the automobile is also inclined vibration, so that the vibration resistance of the PCB 5 under the vibration action of different angles needs to be simulated; based on this, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration angle adjusting mechanism 39 is provided, specifically, the vibration angle adjusting mechanism 39 includes a second auxiliary seat 391, where the second auxiliary seat 391 is mounted at any end of the first auxiliary seat 37, the second auxiliary seat 391 is connected to the lower end of the workbench 1, the lower end of the second auxiliary seat 391 is an arc convex surface, the diameter of the second auxiliary seat 391 far away from one end of the first auxiliary seat 37 is gradually increased downwards, a linkage wheel 36 far away from one side of the second auxiliary seat 391 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34, and a linkage wheel 36 near one side of the second auxiliary seat 391 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34 through a spline sliding sleeve.
Further, an annular sleeve 392 is sleeved at one end of the rotating shaft 34, which is close to the second auxiliary seat 391, and the annular sleeve 392 is rotationally connected with the standing plate 33, an annular sliding groove 393 is formed in one side, close to the second auxiliary seat 391, of the annular sleeve 392, two adjusting screws 394 are symmetrically rotationally connected in the annular sliding groove 393, one end, far away from the annular sleeve 392, of the adjusting screws 394 is rotationally connected with the connecting wheel 36, far away from one side of the second auxiliary seat 391, and the adjusting screws 394 penetrate through the connecting wheel 36, close to one side of the second auxiliary seat 391, in a threaded connection mode.
Still further, the thread of the outer wall of the adjusting screw 394 is opened from the annular sleeve 392 to the joint of the first auxiliary seat 37 and the second auxiliary seat 391, and the fixing collar 395 is sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting screw 394 and positioned below the joint of the first auxiliary seat 37 and the second auxiliary seat 391; the inside spread groove that is linked together with annular spout 393 that has offered of annular cover 392, adjusting screw 394 tip cover are equipped with and rotate the driven gear 396 that sets up in the spread groove inside, and annular cover 392 lateral wall rotates the cover and is equipped with the annular ring gear 397 that meshes with driven gear 396, and annular ring gear 397 outer wall evenly is provided with a plurality of annular distribution's driving lever 398.
In the initial state, the linkage wheel 36 near the second auxiliary seat 391 is abutted against the fixed collar 395, the linkage wheel 36 cannot move to the side far away from the annular sleeve 392 under the action of the fixed collar 395, and at this time, the distance between the two linkage wheels 36 on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34 is minimum and can only be matched with the first auxiliary seat 37.
In the specific implementation process, the deflector 398 drives the annular gear ring 397 to rotate, the annular gear ring 397 is matched with the driven gear 396 to drive the adjusting screw 394 to rotate, and the adjusting screw 394 drives the linkage wheel 36 close to one side of the second auxiliary seat 391 to move towards one side close to the annular sleeve 392, so that the distance between the two linkage wheels 36 on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34 is reduced; at this time, the unadjusted linkage wheel 36 still cooperates with the first auxiliary seat 37, and the adjusted linkage wheel 36 cooperates with the second auxiliary seat 391, so that the adjusted linkage wheel 36 cooperates with the second auxiliary seat 391 to lift the workbench 1 upwards, so that the workbench 1 is in an inclined state.
When the rotating shaft 34 drives the linkage wheels 36 to rotate, the two linkage wheels 36 on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34 slide and collide with the first auxiliary seat 37 and the second auxiliary seat 391 respectively through the top contact block 38, so that the workbench 1 vibrates up and down while maintaining the inclined state, and vibration test of the PCB 5 in the inclined state is realized; in addition, the inclination angle of the workbench 1 can be directly controlled by adjusting the contact position between the linkage wheel 36 and the second auxiliary seat 391, so as to test the anti-seismic performance of the PCB 5 in different inclination states.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in order to ensure that the table 1 maintains an inclined state, the regulated linkage wheel 36 needs to be limited, based on this, in this embodiment, a plurality of hemispherical grooves 399 distributed in an annular shape are uniformly formed on the outer side wall of the annular sleeve 392, and the hemispherical grooves 399 are symmetrically distributed along the annular gear ring 397, two annular frames 400 are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the annular gear ring 397, and a clamping block 402 sliding and abutting in the hemispherical grooves 399 is mounted on the inner side wall of the annular frame 400 through an expansion spring rod 401.
In a specific implementation process, the annular gear ring 397 drives the annular frame 400, the expansion spring rod 401 and the clamping block 402 to integrally rotate in the rotating process, and during the period, the expansion spring rod 401 always applies a pushing force to the clamping block 402, so that the clamping block 402 has a tendency to move towards one side close to the axis of the annular frame 400; after the annular gear ring 397 rotates, the expansion spring rod 401 drives the clamping block 402 to abut against the hemispherical groove 399, so that the annular frame 400 and the annular gear ring 397 can be limited and fixed through the mutual cooperation between the clamping block 402 and the hemispherical groove 399, the condition that the adjusting screw 394 rotates randomly due to random rotation of the annular gear ring 397 is avoided, and further the adjusted linkage wheel 36 is limited and fixed.
In addition, the invention also provides a PCB preparation and test process, which comprises the following steps:
S1: placing a PCB: firstly, placing a PCB 5 to be tested at the upper end of a fixed table 21, and secondly, rotating a bidirectional screw 24, wherein the bidirectional screw 24 drives two push plates 23 on the outer wall of the bidirectional screw to move relatively, and the push plates 23 drive an execution plate 251 to move synchronously; the execution board 251 drives the rubber protection pad 258 and the V-shaped block 256 to sequentially lean against the outer side wall of the PCB 5; with this fixed to the diversified centre gripping of PCB board 5, and can ensure that PCB board 5 is located the middle part of fixed station 21 upper end to ensure the stability of PCB board 5, avoid PCB board 5 skew at will and influence the test progress in the test process.
S2: and (3) testing a PCB: starting a reciprocating motor 265, wherein the reciprocating motor 265 drives the displacement plate 263, the support plate 267, the test plate 269 and the test machine 270 to integrally move to one side close to the PCB 5 through the lead screw 264; the two test boards 269 are slidably clamped at the plugging end of the PCB 5 and are respectively connected with the upper side and the lower side of the plugging end of the PCB 5, so that the tester 270 is electrically connected with the PCB 5 through the test boards 269 and the lead 271, then the tester 270 is started, and the tester 270 tests the PCB 5 through the lead 271 and the test boards 269, so that whether the PCB 5 can be normally used or not is tested.
S3: vibrating the PCB: starting a driving motor 35, wherein the driving motor 35 drives a rotating shaft 34 and a linkage wheel 36 on the outer wall to rotate, and the linkage wheel 36 drives a top contact block 38 to synchronously rotate, so that a plurality of top contact blocks 38 sequentially slide and collide with a first auxiliary seat 37; the workbench 1 is controlled to vibrate up and down, so that the state of the PCB 5 when vibrating can be simulated while the PCB 5 is tested.
The annular gear ring 397 is driven to rotate by the deflector rod 398, the annular gear ring 397 is matched with the driven gear 396 to drive the adjusting screw 394 to rotate, and when the adjusting screw 394 rotates, the distance between the two linkage wheels 36 on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34 can be increased; the adjusted linkage wheel 36 is matched with the second auxiliary seat 391 for use and enables the workbench 1 to be in an inclined state; when the rotating shaft 34 drives the linkage wheels 36 to rotate, the two linkage wheels 36 on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 34 slide and collide with the first auxiliary seat 37 and the second auxiliary seat 391 respectively through the top contact block 38, so that the workbench 1 vibrates up and down while maintaining the inclined state, and vibration test of the PCB 5 in the inclined state is realized.
S4: and (3) taking down the PCB: after the detection of the PCB 5 is completed, the reciprocating motor 265 drives the screw rod 264 to reversely rotate and drives the test board 269 to pull out from the plugging end of the PCB 5, then reversely rotates the bidirectional screw rod 24 and drives the push plate 23, the execution board 251 and the abutting block 253 to reset so as to relieve the fixing effect on the PCB 5, and then the PCB 5 is taken down.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a PCB board preparation test system, includes workstation (1), and limit test device (2) are installed to workstation (1) upper end, and workstation (1) lower extreme is provided with vibrator (3), its characterized in that: limiting test device (2) are including installing fixed station (21) at workstation (1) upper end middle part, and vibrator (3) are including being located adapting plate (31) of workstation (1) below, wherein:
The limit testing device (2) further comprises a sliding groove (22), a plurality of sliding grooves (22) are formed in two sides of the upper end of the workbench (1) in the width direction at equal intervals, a push plate (23) is connected inside the sliding groove (22) in a sliding mode, a plurality of bidirectional screws (24) penetrating through the sliding groove (22) and the push plate (23) are connected with each other in a rotating mode on the side wall of the workbench (1), the bidirectional screws (24) are connected with the push plate (23) in a belt transmission mode, a clamping mechanism (25) is arranged on one side, close to the workbench (1), of the push plate (23), the clamping mechanism (25) comprises an execution plate (251) which is sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional screws (24) in a sliding mode and is connected with the sliding groove (22) in a sliding mode, a testing mechanism (26) is arranged at the upper end of the workbench (1), and the testing mechanism (26) comprises a positioning plate (261) arranged on any side in the length direction of the upper end of the workbench (1).
The clamping mechanism (25) further comprises a pushing spring (252), the pushing spring (252) sleeved outside the bidirectional screw (24) is arranged between the execution plate (251) and the pushing plate (23), the execution plate (251) is located at one side, close to the middle of the workbench (1), of the pushing plate (23), a through hole is formed in the execution plate (251), the inner wall of the through hole is slidably connected with a tight supporting block (253), a guide strip (254) is arranged between the tight supporting block (253) and the inner wall of the through hole, a supporting spring rod (255) is arranged between the tight supporting block (253) and the pushing plate (23), a V-shaped block (256) is arranged at one side, close to the middle of the workbench (1), of the execution plate (251), two supporting plates (257) are symmetrically arranged up and down along the tight supporting block (253), a rubber protection pad (258) is arranged between the two supporting plates (257), and the V-shaped block (256) and the rubber protection pad (258) are slidably abutted against each other;
The elasticity of the pushing spring (252) is larger than that of the supporting spring rod (255), so that the abutting block (253) drives the V-shaped block (256) to retract between the rubber protection pad (258) and the execution plate (251) in the initial state, and the rubber protection pad (258) is a vertical plane;
When the push plate (23) moves to one side close to the middle part of the workbench (1), the pushing spring (252) and the supporting spring rod (255) drive the execution plate (251) and the abutting block (253) to synchronously move; the execution board (251) drives at first that rubber protection pad (258) supports and leans on PCB board (5) lateral wall to carry out preliminary location to PCB board (5), prevent that PCB board (5) from taking place the skew, push pedal (23) continue to remove and drive through supporting spring rod (255) and support tight piece (253) and V-arrangement piece (256) synchronous motion, make V-arrangement piece (256) support and lean on PCB board (5) lateral wall through rubber protection pad (258), at this moment rubber protection pad (258) takes place to warp and wrap up at the lateral wall of PCB board (5), thereby carry out the secondary location to PCB board (5).
2. The PCB preparation testing system of claim 1, wherein: the testing mechanism (26) further comprises a guide chute (262), the guide chute (262) is formed in one side, far away from the positioning plate (261), of the upper end of the workbench (1) in the length direction, the guide chute (262) is in sliding butt joint with a displacement plate (263), a screw rod (264) penetrating through the guide chute (262) is rotationally connected to the side wall of the workbench (1), the screw rod (264) penetrates through the displacement plate (263) in a threaded connection mode, a reciprocating motor (265) connected with the screw rod (264) is arranged on the side wall of the workbench (1) through a motor base, and a simulation plug-in assembly (266) is arranged on the displacement plate (263).
3. The PCB preparation testing system of claim 2, wherein: the simulation plug-in assembly (266) comprises a support plate (267), two support plates (267) are symmetrically arranged on one side, close to the middle of the workbench (1), of the displacement plate (263), test plates (269) are arranged on the opposite sides of the two support plates (267) through a plurality of top-extension spring rods (268), the test plates (269) are not in contact with the displacement plate (263), a testing machine (270) is arranged on one side, far away from the middle of the workbench (1), of the displacement plate (263), and input ends of the testing machine (270) are connected with the two test plates (269) through wires (271) respectively;
one side of the test plates (269) close to the middle of the workbench (1) is an inclined section, and one sides of the inclined sections of the two test plates (269) far away from the displacement plates (263) are gradually inclined towards the opposite sides.
4. The PCB preparation testing system of claim 1, wherein: the vibration device (3) further comprises contraction spring rods (32), four corners at the lower end of the workbench (1) are hinged with the contraction spring rods (32), the lower ends of the contraction spring rods (32) are hinged with bearing plates (31) together, two vertical plates (33) are arranged at the upper ends of the bearing plates (31), two rotating shafts (34) are symmetrically connected between the two vertical plates (33) in a rotating mode along the length direction, the two rotating shafts (34) are connected through belt transmission, a driving motor (35) connected with any rotating shaft (34) is arranged on the side wall of any one vertical plate (33) through a motor cover, and two linkage wheels (36) are symmetrically sleeved on the outer wall of each rotating shaft (34);
the lower extreme of workstation (1) is provided with two and pivot (34) corresponding first auxiliary seat (37) in position, and first auxiliary seat (37) lower extreme is the arc convex surface, and the linkage wheel (36) outer wall evenly is provided with a plurality of annular distributed's top contact piece (38), and vibrator (3) still include vibrations angle adjustment mechanism (39).
5. The PCB preparation testing system of claim 4, wherein: the vibration angle adjusting mechanism (39) comprises a second auxiliary seat (391), wherein the second auxiliary seat (391) is arranged at any one end of the first auxiliary seat (37), the second auxiliary seat (391) is connected to the lower end of the workbench (1), the lower end of the second auxiliary seat (391) is an arc convex surface, the diameter of one end, far away from the first auxiliary seat (37), of the second auxiliary seat (391) gradually increases downwards, a linkage wheel (36) at one side, far away from the second auxiliary seat (391), is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (34), and a linkage wheel (36) at one side, close to the second auxiliary seat (391), is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (34) through a spline sliding sleeve;
One end cover that pivot (34) is close to second auxiliary seat (391) is equipped with annular cover (392), and rotate between annular cover (392) and rather than close riser (33) and be connected, annular spout (393) have been seted up to one side that annular cover (392) is close to linkage wheel (36), symmetrical rotation is connected with two adjusting screw (394) in annular spout (393), one end that annular cover (392) was kept away from in adjusting screw (394) is rotated between linkage wheel (36) of keeping away from second auxiliary seat (391) one side and is connected, and adjusting screw (394) pass linkage wheel (36) that are close to second auxiliary seat (391) one side through threaded connection's mode.
6. The PCB preparation testing system of claim 5, wherein: the vibration angle adjusting mechanism (39) further comprises a fixed collar (395), threads on the outer wall of the adjusting screw (394) are formed from the annular sleeve (392) to the joint of the first auxiliary seat (37) and the second auxiliary seat (391), the fixed collar (395) is sleeved below the joint of the first auxiliary seat (37) and the second auxiliary seat (391), and a connecting wheel (36) close to one side of the second auxiliary seat (391) is abutted against the fixed collar (395);
the connecting groove that is linked together with annular spout (393) has been seted up to annular cover (392) inside, and adjusting screw (394) tip cover is equipped with and rotates driven gear (396) that sets up in the connecting groove inside, and annular cover (392) lateral wall rotates the cover and is equipped with annular ring gear (397) with driven gear (396) engaged with, and annular ring gear (397) outer wall evenly is provided with a plurality of annular driving levers (398) that distribute.
7. The PCB preparation testing system of claim 5, wherein: the annular sleeve (392) lateral wall has evenly offered a plurality of hemisphere grooves (399) that annular distributes, and hemisphere groove (399) are along annular ring gear (397) symmetric distribution, and annular ring gear (397) outer wall symmetry is provided with two annular frame (400), and joint piece (402) of conflict in hemisphere groove (399) are contradicted in the slip are installed through expansion spring pole (401) to annular frame (400) inside wall.
8. A process for preparing and testing a PCB board, comprising a system for preparing and testing a PCB board according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
S1: placing a PCB: firstly, placing a PCB to be tested at the upper end of a workbench (1), and then clamping and fixing the PCB by a clamping mechanism (25);
S2: and (3) testing a PCB: the PCB in the S1 is electrified and tested through a testing mechanism (26);
s3: vibrating the PCB: vibrating the PCB under test in the step S2 through a vibrating device (3) to test whether the PCB can be normally used in a vibration bearing state;
S4: and (3) taking down the PCB: and taking down the PCB after detection.
CN202311476206.7A 2023-11-07 2023-11-07 PCB preparation test system and process Active CN117517924B (en)

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CN118655449A (en) * 2024-08-19 2024-09-17 苏州耀威电子有限公司 PCB testing device and testing system for front panel of computer host

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