CN117512496B - 一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法 - Google Patents
一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
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Abstract
本发明属于钛镍合金处理技术领域,提供了一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,包括以下步骤:去氧化皮处理;表面去镍离子预处理;将步骤二预处理后的镍钛矫治弓丝均匀放置在真空热处理炉内抽真空;高温渗氮及第一次保温处理;迅速降温;第二次保温处理;保温时间截止后,停止保温,自然冷却至室温,在镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面形成TiN防护涂层。本发明采用络合剂去除镍钛合金矫治弓丝表层的Ni离子,形成无镍层,在去除镍钛合金矫治弓丝表层的Ni离子后通过高温渗氮处理,得到TiN防护涂层,能够有效抑制镍钛矫治弓丝中Ni离子的溶出,有效避免抑制口腔细菌的黏附,提高镍钛合金矫治弓丝置入后的安全性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钛镍合金处理技术领域,特别涉及一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法。
背景技术
错颌畸形的主要危害是影响牙颌面发育、口腔健康和功能、容貌外观,甚至会造成全身危害和心理精神障碍。矫治弓丝作为固定矫治技术中必要的治疗器件,为治疗错颌畸形起到关键性作用。
目前临床用矫治弓丝以镍钛合金(NiTi)为主,其镍含量为50%左右。有大量科学依据表明,镍离子具有细胞毒性,其主要危害可归纳如下:(1)可穿透细胞、影响生物功能,引发炎症反应;(2)具有免疫原性,可引起过敏反应;(3)具有致突变作用,对人体产生致畸、致癌等危害。临床矫治疗程一般在两年左右,NiTi弓丝长期在口腔环境中会产生Ni离子溶出和积聚。临床研究表明,Ni会对人体产生致敏、致畸、致癌等危害。在NiTi合金表面制备防护涂层以达到抑制Ni离子溶出是目前的研究热点并被广泛关注,主要方法是磁控溅射、离子渗氮和激光渗氮等,但由于技术稳定性、涂层牢固度、成本控制和操作等因素,均未应用到实际产品量化生产中。因此,需要针对现有涂层制备技术壁垒研究一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理技术。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法。
本发明的上述目的通过以下技术方案实现:一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,去氧化皮处理:
取镍钛合金矫治弓丝,将丝材截取至段状的试样,并配制酸洗液,将试样放置在酸洗液中浸泡,对试样表面进行去氧化皮处理,去除表面氧化皮后,对试样用无水乙醇超声清洗并干燥后备用;
步骤二,表面去镍离子预处理:
将步骤一处理后的镍钛合金矫治弓丝放置在络合溶液中,所述络合溶液为丙二酸、NaCl和稀硝酸的混合液,在水浴条件下进行去镍离子预处理;
步骤三,将步骤二预处理后的镍钛矫治弓丝均匀放置在真空热处理炉内抽真空,使环境处于无氧状态;
步骤四,高温渗氮及第一次保温处理:
在真空状态下,使真空热处理炉炉腔内在氮气和氩气比为1:1~4:1条件下,将温度升至700℃~900℃,保温10min~60min;
步骤五,迅速降温:
迅速将真空热处理炉炉胆放入流动水箱内,将温度降至室温;
步骤六,第二次保温处理:
冷却后重新放入真空热处理炉内,再次充入氩气,重新加热至200℃~700℃保温10min~60min;
步骤七,保温时间截止后,停止保温,自然冷却至室温,在镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面形成TiN防护涂层。
进一步地,所述镍钛合金矫治弓丝中的Ni的质量百分数为56%,Ti的质量百分数为43.9%。
进一步地,所述步骤一中的酸洗液为硝酸、氢氟酸和水的混合液,所述硝酸、氢氟酸和水的体积比为5:1:4。
进一步地,所述步骤一中浸泡时间为50s。
进一步地,所述步骤二中的络合溶液中丙二酸的质量体积浓度为15g/L~25g/L,NaCl的质量体积浓度为15g/L~35g/L;络合溶液的制备方法是:丙二酸与NaCl进行混合,采用质量分数为20%~35%的稀硝酸调节pH值至3~5。
进一步地,所述步骤二中水浴的温度为50℃~80℃。
进一步地,所述步骤二中水浴的时间为8h~12h。
进一步地,所述步骤四抽真空至10-1Pa~10-3Pa。
进一步地,所述步骤五以50℃/min的降温速率将温度降至室温。
进一步地,所述步骤七形成的TiN防护涂层的厚度为0.1μm~100μm。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
1.本发明采用络合溶液去除镍钛合金矫治弓丝表层的Ni离子,形成无镍层,空出化学位用N进行占位,与镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面仅剩的Ti离子发生反应,原位生成TiN防护涂层,在不影响镍钛合金矫治弓丝物理性能的同时有效抑制Ni离子溶出,原位生成的表面层致密且牢固度高,提高镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面的耐磨性,在使用过程中不会发生涂层脱落。
2.本发明采用络合溶液对镍钛合金矫治弓丝进行表面去镍离子预处理,络合溶液为丙二酸、稀硝酸和NaCl的混合液,其中,丙二酸作为络合剂与Ni离子形成络合物,由于Ni离子和Ti离子易发生钝化,而钝化的稳定性同弗拉德电位有关。Ni离子和Ti离子的标准弗拉德电位分别是 0.2V和-0.05V,Ti离子比Ni离子更容易与氧结合形成稳定的钝化膜,而Ni离子钝化膜比Ti离子钝化膜更容易分解。Ni离子不耐稀硝酸腐蚀,氯离子可以阻碍Ni离子的钝化速度,从而达到加速Ni离子的溶出,此外,在酸性环境中,Ni的钝化膜容易活化,本发明络合溶液的pH值为3~5,可以促进Ni离子形成的钝化膜的分解,从而去除镍钛合金矫治弓丝表层的Ni离子。
3.本发明在去除镍钛合金矫治弓丝表层的Ni离子后通过高温渗氮处理,得到TiN防护涂层,能够有效抑制口腔细菌的黏附,提高镍钛合金矫治弓丝置入后的安全性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例一中的镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法得到的表面形成TiN层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝进行XPS检测得到的XPS图谱。
图2为本发明实施例一中的镍钛合金矫治弓丝的镍离子溶出实验对照图。
具体实施方式
通过以下具体实施例进一步说明本发明的详细内容及其具体实施方式。
实施例一
一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,去氧化皮处理:
取镍钛合金矫治弓丝,将丝材截取至段状(长度为4cm)的试样,并配制酸洗液,将试样放置在酸洗液中浸泡,对试样表面进行去氧化皮处理,去除表面氧化皮后,对试样用无水乙醇超声清洗并干燥后备用;
步骤二,表面去镍离子预处理:
将步骤一处理后的镍钛合金矫治弓丝放置在络合溶液中,所述络合溶液为丙二酸、稀硝酸和NaCl的混合液,在水浴条件下进行去镍离子预处理;
步骤三,将步骤二预处理后的镍钛矫治弓丝均匀放置在真空热处理炉内抽真空,使环境处于无氧状态;
步骤四,高温渗氮及第一次保温处理:
在真空状态下,使真空热处理炉炉腔内在氮气和氩气比为1:1条件下,将温度升至700℃,保温10min;
步骤五,迅速降温:
迅速将真空热处理炉炉胆放入流动水箱内,将温度降至室温;
步骤六,第二次保温处理:
冷却后重新放入真空热处理炉内,再次充入氩气,重新加热至200℃保温10min;
步骤七,保温时间截止后,停止保温,自然冷却至室温,在镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面形成TiN防护涂层。
所述镍钛合金矫治弓丝中的Ni的质量百分数为56%,Ti的质量百分数为43.9 %。
所述步骤一中的酸洗液为硝酸、氢氟酸和水的混合液,所述硝酸、氢氟酸和水的体积比为5:1:4。
所述步骤一中浸泡时间为50s。
所述步骤二中的络合溶液中丙二酸的质量体积浓度为15g/L,NaCl的质量体积浓度为15g/L;络合溶液的制备方法是:丙二酸与NaCl进行混合,采用质量分数为20%的稀硝酸调节pH值至3。
所述步骤二中水浴的温度为50℃。
所述步骤二中水浴的时间为8h。
所述步骤四抽真空至10-1Pa。
所述步骤五以50℃/min的降温速率将温度降至室温。
所述步骤七形成的TiN防护涂层的厚度为0.1μm。
实施例二
一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,去氧化皮处理:
取镍钛合金矫治弓丝,将丝材截取至段状(长度为4cm)的试样,并配制酸洗液,将试样放置在酸洗液中浸泡,对试样表面进行去氧化皮处理,去除表面氧化皮后,对试样用无水乙醇超声清洗并干燥后备用;
步骤二,表面去镍离子预处理:
将步骤一处理后的镍钛合金矫治弓丝放置在络合溶液中,所述络合溶液为丙二酸、稀硝酸和NaCl的混合液,在水浴条件下进行去镍离子预处理;
步骤三,将步骤二预处理后的镍钛矫治弓丝均匀放置在真空热处理炉内抽真空,使环境处于无氧状态;
步骤四,高温渗氮及第一次保温处理:
在真空状态下,使真空热处理炉炉腔内在氮气和氩气比为4:1条件下,将温度升至900℃,保温60min;
步骤五,迅速降温:
迅速将真空热处理炉炉胆放入流动水箱内,将温度降至室温;
步骤六,第二次保温处理:
冷却后重新放入真空热处理炉内,再次充入氩气,重新加热至700℃保温60min;
步骤七,保温时间截止后,停止保温,自然冷却至室温,在镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面形成TiN防护涂层。
所述镍钛合金矫治弓丝中的Ni的质量百分数为56%,Ti的质量百分数为43.9 %。
所述步骤一中的酸洗液为硝酸、氢氟酸和水的混合液,所述硝酸、氢氟酸和水的体积比为5:1:4。
所述步骤一中浸泡时间为50s。
所述步骤二中的络合溶液中丙二酸的质量体积浓度为25g/L,NaCl的质量体积浓度为35g/L;络合溶液的制备方法是:丙二酸与NaCl进行混合,采用质量分数为35%的稀硝酸调节pH值至5。
所述步骤二中水浴的温度为80℃。
所述步骤二中水浴的时间为12h。
所述步骤四抽真空至10-3Pa。
所述步骤五以50℃/min的降温速率将温度降至室温。
所述步骤七形成的TiN防护涂层的厚度为100μm。
实施例三
一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,去氧化皮处理:
取镍钛合金矫治弓丝,将丝材截取至段状(长度为4cm)的试样,并配制酸洗液,将试样放置在酸洗液中浸泡,对试样表面进行去氧化皮处理,去除表面氧化皮后,对试样用无水乙醇超声清洗并干燥后备用;
步骤二,表面去镍离子预处理:
将步骤一处理后的镍钛合金矫治弓丝放置在络合溶液中,所述络合溶液为丙二酸、稀硝酸和NaCl的混合液,在水浴条件下进行去镍离子预处理;
步骤三,将步骤二预处理后的镍钛矫治弓丝均匀放置在真空热处理炉内抽真空,使环境处于无氧状态;
步骤四,高温渗氮及第一次保温处理:
在真空状态下,使真空热处理炉炉腔内在氮气和氩气比为2:1条件下,将温度升至800℃,保温40min;
步骤五,迅速降温:
迅速将真空热处理炉炉胆放入流动水箱内,将温度降至室温;
步骤六,第二次保温处理:
冷却后重新放入真空热处理炉内,再次充入氩气,重新加热至500℃保温30min;
步骤七,保温时间截止后,停止保温,自然冷却至室温,在镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面形成TiN防护涂层。
所述镍钛合金矫治弓丝中的Ni的质量百分数为56%,Ti的质量百分数为43.9 %。
所述步骤一中的酸洗液为硝酸、氢氟酸和水的混合液,所述硝酸、氢氟酸和水的体积比为5:1:4。
所述步骤一中浸泡时间为50s。
所述步骤二中的络合溶液中丙二酸的质量体积浓度为20g/L,NaCl的质量体积浓度为25g/L;络合溶液的制备方法是:丙二酸与NaCl进行混合,采用质量分数为30%的稀硝酸调节pH值至4。
所述步骤二中水浴的温度为60℃。
所述步骤二中水浴的时间为10h。
所述步骤四抽真空至10-2Pa。
所述步骤五以50℃/min的降温速率将温度降至室温。
所述步骤七形成的TiN防护涂层的厚度为20μm。
以实施例一为例,通过X射线光电子能谱仪(X-ray PhotoelectronSpectroscopy,XPS)对得到的具有TiN防护涂层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面进行了检测,结果如图1所示,可以看出,本实施例一得到的有TiN防护涂层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面不含镍。
参照《医疗器械生物学评价》样品制备与参照样品标准(GB/T16886.12—2005)要求(样品表面积或质量/浸提液体积为0.2 g/mL)制备浸提液,浸提介质为NaCl溶液。将实施例一得到的具有TiN防护涂层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝(Ni-Ti-N)、未经处理的镍钛合金矫治弓丝(Ni-Ti)分别置于浸提液中浸泡,同时设计不放置任何样品的NaCl溶液作为阴性对照组(Negative),在浸泡第1天和第10天,分别测定溶液中镍离子含量,结果如图2所示,显示实施例一得到的具有TiN防护涂层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝(Ni-Ti-N)能够有效抑制镍离子溶出。
为了验证实施例一制备的具有TiN防护涂层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝对口腔细菌的抑制,将实施例一得到的具有TiN防护涂层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝,以及未经处理的镍钛合金矫治弓丝分别与黏性放线菌共培养24h后,经检测,实施例一得到的具有TiN防护涂层的镍钛合金矫治弓丝能够抑制细菌的黏附。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,去氧化皮处理:
取镍钛合金矫治弓丝,将丝材截取至段状的试样,并配制酸洗液,将试样放置在酸洗液中浸泡,对试样表面进行去氧化皮处理,去除表面氧化皮后,对试样用无水乙醇超声清洗并干燥后备用;
步骤二,表面去镍离子预处理:
将步骤一处理后的镍钛合金矫治弓丝放置在络合溶液中,所述络合溶液为丙二酸、NaCl和稀硝酸的混合液,在水浴条件下进行去镍离子预处理;
步骤三,将步骤二预处理后的镍钛矫治弓丝均匀放置在真空热处理炉内抽真空,使环境处于无氧状态;
步骤四,高温渗氮及第一次保温处理:
在真空状态下,使真空热处理炉炉腔内条件在氮气和氩气比为1:1~4:1,将温度升至700℃~900℃,保温10min~60min;
步骤五,迅速降温:
迅速将真空热处理炉炉胆放入流动水箱内,将温度降至室温;
步骤六,第二次保温处理:
冷却后重新放入真空热处理炉内,再次充入氩气,重新加热至200℃~700℃保温10min~60min;
步骤七,保温时间截止后,停止保温,自然冷却至室温,在镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面形成TiN防护涂层。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述镍钛合金矫治弓丝中的Ni的质量百分数为56%,Ti的质量百分数为43.9%。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中的酸洗液为硝酸、氢氟酸和水的混合液,所述硝酸、氢氟酸和水的体积比为5:1:4。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中浸泡时间为50s。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中的络合溶液中丙二酸的质量体积浓度为15g/L~25g/L,NaCl的质量体积浓度为15g/L~35g/L;络合溶液的制备方法是:丙二酸与NaCl进行混合,采用质量分数为20%~35%的稀硝酸调节pH值至3~5。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中水浴的温度为50℃~80℃。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中水浴的时间为8h~12h。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四抽真空至10-1Pa~10-3Pa。
9.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤五以50℃/min的降温速率将温度降至室温。
10.如权利要求1所述的一种镍钛合金矫治弓丝表面防护的处理方法,其特征在于,所述步骤七形成的TiN防护涂层的厚度为0.1μm~100μm。
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US5445683A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-08-29 | Daidousanso Co., Ltd. | Nickel alloy products with their surfaces nitrided and hardened |
WO2004108983A2 (de) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-16 | Forschungszentrum Rossendorf E. V. | Verfahren zur herstellung einer nickelarmen oberfläche auf nitinol |
WO2008050071A2 (fr) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-05-02 | Quertech Ingenierie | Couche d ' alliage de nickel-titane comprenant des atomes d ' azote inseres, procede d ' implantation |
CN114369807A (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 中南大学湘雅医院 | 一种口腔弓丝及其制备方法 |
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US5445683A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-08-29 | Daidousanso Co., Ltd. | Nickel alloy products with their surfaces nitrided and hardened |
WO2004108983A2 (de) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-16 | Forschungszentrum Rossendorf E. V. | Verfahren zur herstellung einer nickelarmen oberfläche auf nitinol |
WO2008050071A2 (fr) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-05-02 | Quertech Ingenierie | Couche d ' alliage de nickel-titane comprenant des atomes d ' azote inseres, procede d ' implantation |
CN114369807A (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 中南大学湘雅医院 | 一种口腔弓丝及其制备方法 |
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