CN117488153A - Low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117488153A CN117488153A CN202311276808.8A CN202311276808A CN117488153A CN 117488153 A CN117488153 A CN 117488153A CN 202311276808 A CN202311276808 A CN 202311276808A CN 117488153 A CN117488153 A CN 117488153A
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the processes of magnesium alloy casting rod casting, magnesium alloy casting rod homogenizing annealing, magnesium alloy casting rod blank preheating, extrusion barrel preheating, die preheating, magnesium alloy casting rod extrusion and the like; the process solves the problems of poor extrusion performance, poor surface quality of extruded bars and the like of the existing magnesium alloy material, and has the characteristics of low cost of the magnesium alloy material, simple extrusion process, convenient operation, superior comprehensive performance of the magnesium alloy extruded section bar and the like; the magnesium alloy bars and plates produced by the process can meet the A-level requirement of the ultrasonic flaw detection standard GJB 1580-93, and the tensile strength and the yield strength are both 10-20% higher than those of the high-strength magnesium alloy materials on the market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The magnesium alloy material has the characteristics of low density, high specific strength, high specific rigidity, excellent electromagnetic shielding effect, good machining performance, excellent shock resistance and the like, and has great application scenes and economic benefits in a plurality of fields of military electronics, aerospace, weaponry, 3C, rail transit, automobiles and the like. Secondly, china is also the largest producing country and export major country of magnesium metal, and the sales volume always occupies the first position of the world in the last 20 years. Thirdly, the development technology of the magnesium alloy material is mastered in strong national hands in the world such as Europe, the United states, japan, russia and the like, and in certain history sensitive stages, high-end magnesium alloy material forbidden means are also applied to China, so that the light weight of the national defense equipment is always stopped in an aluminum alloy stage, and the magnesium alloy material is the same as the carbon fiber composite material, and the development of China is always in a primary stage.
With the development of the economy in China, the comprehensive national force tends to develop in strong countries. Meanwhile, along with the proposal of the double-carbon index in China, the weight reduction of equipment and traffic becomes the focus of research and development in the scientific community. However, the magnesium alloy in the market in China is mainly AZ31B, ZK61M, AZ D and the like, and has the characteristics of low absolute strength and high price, and has great difficulty in application to military equipment, rail transit and aerospace. Therefore, developing high-strength and high-toughness magnesium alloy materials and researching the calendaring forging technology of magnesium alloy become key tasks for solving the problem of light weight at home and abroad, and meanwhile, the technical problem is also a great technical problem to be solved urgently in the magnesium industry.
Unlike aluminum alloy material, magnesium alloy material has high elongation, low strength and easy extrusion deformation. The extrusion speed is generally 20-30 mm/s, and the existing magnesium alloy material can not be basically molded at the extrusion speed. Therefore, in order to obtain the magnesium alloy material which is extruded rapidly, the problem of the magnesium alloy material must be solved first, and then an extrusion process of a proper magnesium alloy material is provided, so that the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy material is improved and the application cost of the magnesium alloy is reduced.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a novel low-cost magnesium alloy material extrusion process, which refines magnesium alloy grains, reduces segregation and reduces the number of second phases of grain boundaries through innovative development of the magnesium alloy material, thereby realizing high-speed extrusion of the magnesium alloy material, obtaining a high-strength high-toughness magnesium alloy extrusion profile, and simultaneously greatly reducing the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of poor extrusion performance, poor surface quality of extruded bars and the like of the existing magnesium alloy material.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
according to the low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material provided by the invention, the magnesium alloy material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.0 to 11.00 percent of Ca, 0.20 to 1.0 percent of Ce, 0 to 0.20 percent of Al, 0 to 0.20 percent of Zn, 0 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0 to 0.05 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.005 percent of Ni, 0 to 0.10 percent of Si, 0 to 0.20 percent of impurity element and the balance of Mg.
Preferably, the impurity element is copper, iron, nickel, silicon.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
1) The magnesium alloy casting rod is cast and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.0 to 11.00 percent of Ca, 0.20 to 1.0 percent of Ce, 0 to 0.20 percent of Al, 0 to 0.20 percent of Zn, 0 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0 to 0.05 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.005 percent of Ni, 0 to 0.10 percent of Si, 0 to 0.20 percent of impurity element and the balance of Mg, adopting semi-continuous casting smelting furnace equipment for casting, keeping the casting temperature at 725 to 755 ℃ for 3 hours, reducing the temperature to 710 to 730 ℃ for 1 hour, reducing the temperature to 690 to 720 ℃ again, keeping for 30 minutes, and casting into magnesium alloy cast rod blanks;
2) Homogenizing annealing the magnesium alloy cast rod blank prepared in the step 1), wherein the annealing temperature is 410-430 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 24 hours;
3) Preheating magnesium alloy casting rod blanks, and loading the magnesium alloy casting rod blanks into a heat treatment furnace for preheating, wherein the heating temperature is 320-360 ℃ and the total time is 6 hours;
4) Preheating the extrusion cylinder: heating the extrusion cylinder to 340-420 ℃, wherein the temperature of the end face of the extrusion cylinder is 280-360 ℃;
5) Preheating a die: heating the die to 320-420 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2-4 hours;
6) And extruding the magnesium alloy cast rod, wherein the extruding temperature is 320-360 ℃ for extruding the magnesium alloy cast rod blank.
Preferably, the step 2) of homogenizing annealing the magnesium alloy casting rod comprises the following steps:
21 Ingot heating: the temperature is kept between room temperature and 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and the temperature is kept at 120 ℃ for 4 hours;
22 Ingot casting temperature rise): the temperature is raised for 4 hours at 120-410 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours at 410 ℃;
23 Ingot casting temperature rise): heating to 410-430 deg.c for 4 hr and maintaining at 430 deg.c for 4 hr;
24 Ingot cooling: cooled to room temperature in air.
Preferably, the magnesium alloy casting rod blank in the step 3) is preheated, the temperature is increased to 80 ℃ per hour, the temperature is kept for 2 hours after the temperature is reached, and the total time is 6 hours.
Preferably, the extrusion barrel in the step 4) is preheated, the temperature is increased along with the heat treatment furnace, the temperature is increased by 80 ℃ per hour, and the extrusion barrel is used after the temperature is reached.
Preferably, the step 5) is to heat the die in advance, heat the die along with a heat treatment furnace, heat the die to 80 ℃ per hour, and then the die is ready for use.
Preferably, in the step 6), the whole extrusion process is divided into two stages: the extrusion speed at the initial stage is 2.0-3.0 mm/s, and the extrusion speed is 30-120 mm; the extrusion speed of the second stage is 0.4-2.0 mm/s until extrusion is completed.
Preferably, the heating state is kept in the whole process of 2 stages in the extrusion process, the discharge port is cooled by circulating water, and the water flow is 1m 3 /h。
Compared with the prior art, the novel magnesium alloy cast rod cast by the method has uniform and fine crystal grains, and the grain refinement is about 40% compared with the grain refinement of the conventional magnesium alloy; the surface of the section bar extruded by the magnesium alloy material is smooth, the conditions of peeling and hot cracking are avoided, the mechanical property is 20% better than that of the extruded section bar of the high-strength magnesium alloy material, the extrusion production flow is short, the operation is convenient, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material, wherein the chemical components of a magnesium alloy casting rod consist of the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.10% of Al, 1.0% of Ca, 0.10% of Zn, 0.5% of Ce, 0.03% of Cu, 0.05% of Fe, 0.002% of Ni, 0.05% of Si and the balance of Mg.
The preparation method of the low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1, casting a magnesium alloy casting rod: the magnesium alloy casting rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.10% of Al, 1.0% of Ca, 0.10% of Zn, 0.5% of Ce, 0.03% of Cu, 0.05% of Fe, 0.002% of Ni, 0.05% of Si and the balance of Mg; casting by using semi-continuous casting smelting furnace equipment, wherein the casting temperature is 725 ℃, maintaining for 3 hours, reducing the temperature to 710 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, reducing the temperature to 690 ℃ again, maintaining for 30 minutes, and casting and forming;
s2, homogenizing annealing of the magnesium alloy casting rod: homogenizing annealing the magnesium alloy cast rod blank, wherein the annealing temperature is 410 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24 hours;
s3, preheating the magnesium alloy cast rod blank: loading the magnesium alloy casting rod blank into a heat treatment furnace for preheating, wherein the heating temperature is 320 ℃, and the total time is 6 hours;
s4, preheating the extrusion cylinder: heating the extrusion cylinder to 340 ℃, wherein the temperature of the end face of the extrusion cylinder is 280 ℃;
s5, preheating a die: heating the die to 320 ℃ for 2 hours;
s6, extruding a magnesium alloy casting rod: extruding the magnesium alloy casting rod, wherein the extrusion temperature is 320 ℃;
s7, during extrusion, the whole extrusion process is divided into two stages: the extrusion speed at the initial stage is 2.0mm/s, and the extrusion speed is 30mm; the extrusion speed in the second stage was 0.4mm/s until extrusion was completed.
S8, 2 steps in the extrusion processThe whole process of the section keeps a heating state, the discharge port is cooled by circulating water, and the water flow is 1m 3 /h。
Example 2
The embodiment provides a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material, wherein the chemical components of a magnesium alloy casting rod consist of the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.15% of Al, 5.0% of Ca, 0.15% of Zn, 0.8% of Ce, 0.05% of Cu, 0.01% of Fe, 0.005% of Ni, 0.10% of Si and the balance of Mg.
The preparation method of the low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1, casting a magnesium alloy casting rod: the magnesium alloy casting rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.15% of Al, 5.0% of Ca, 0.15% of Zn, 0.8% of Ce, 0.05% of Cu, 0.01% of Fe, 0.005% of Ni, 0.10% of Si and the balance of Mg; the casting adopts semi-continuous casting smelting furnace equipment, the casting temperature is 735 ℃, the casting is kept for 3 hours, the temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, the heat is preserved for 1 hour, the temperature is reduced to 700 ℃ again, the casting is carried out for 30 minutes, and the casting is carried out;
s2, homogenizing annealing of the magnesium alloy casting rod: homogenizing annealing the magnesium alloy cast rod blank, wherein the annealing temperature is 420 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24 hours;
s3, preheating the magnesium alloy cast rod blank: loading the magnesium alloy casting rod blank into a heat treatment furnace for preheating, wherein the heating temperature is 340 ℃, and the total time is 6 hours;
s4, preheating the extrusion cylinder: heating the extrusion cylinder to 360 ℃, wherein the temperature of the end face of the extrusion cylinder is 300 ℃;
s5, preheating a die: heating the die to 340 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
s6, extruding a magnesium alloy casting rod: extruding the magnesium alloy cast rod, wherein the extrusion temperature is 340 ℃;
s7, during extrusion, the whole extrusion process is divided into two stages: the extrusion speed at the initial stage is 2.5mm/s, and the extrusion speed is 60mm; the extrusion speed in the second stage was 1.2mm/s until extrusion was completed.
S8, keeping a heating state in the whole process of 2 stages in the extrusion process,the discharge port is cooled by circulating water, and the water flow is 1m 3 /h。
Example 3
The embodiment provides a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material, wherein the chemical components of a magnesium alloy casting rod consist of the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.20% Al, 11% Ca, 0.20% Zn, 1.0% Ce, 0.02% Cu, 0.02% Fe, 0.002% Ni, 0.03% Si, and the balance Mg.
The preparation method of the low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1, casting a magnesium alloy casting rod: the magnesium alloy casting rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.20% of Al, 11% of Ca, 0.20% of Zn, 1.0% of Ce, 0.02% of Cu, 0.02% of Fe, 0.002% of Ni, 0.03% of Si and the balance of Mg; the casting adopts semi-continuous casting smelting furnace equipment, the casting temperature is 735 ℃, the casting is kept for 3 hours, the temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, the heat is preserved for 1 hour, the temperature is reduced to 700 ℃ again, the casting is carried out for 30 minutes, and the casting is carried out;
s2, homogenizing annealing of the magnesium alloy casting rod: homogenizing annealing the magnesium alloy cast rod blank at 430 ℃ for 24 hours;
s3, preheating the magnesium alloy cast rod blank: loading the magnesium alloy casting rod blank into a heat treatment furnace for preheating, wherein the heating temperature is 360 ℃, and the total time is 6 hours;
s4, preheating the extrusion cylinder: heating the extrusion cylinder to 380 ℃, wherein the temperature of the end face of the extrusion cylinder is 320 ℃;
s5, preheating a die: heating the die to 380 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours;
s6, extruding a magnesium alloy casting rod: extruding the magnesium alloy cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 360 ℃;
s7, during extrusion, the whole extrusion process is divided into two stages: the extrusion speed at the initial stage is 3.0mm/s, and the extrusion speed is 120mm; the extrusion speed in the second stage was 2.0mm/s until extrusion was completed.
S8, maintaining a heating state in the whole process of 2 stages in the extrusion process, and cooling by circulating water through a discharge port, wherein the water flow is the same as that of the discharge portIs 1m 3 /h。
The materials prepared in the examples 1-3 are subjected to appearance, mechanical property test and flaw detection, the specific experimental results are shown in the table 1, the prepared materials can meet the A-level requirement of the ultrasonic flaw detection standard GJB 1580-93, and the tensile strength and the yield strength are 10-20% higher than those of the commercial high-strength magnesium alloy materials.
TABLE 1
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.0 to 11.00 percent of Ca, 0.20 to 1.0 percent of Ce, 0 to 0.20 percent of Al, 0 to 0.20 percent of Zn, 0 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0 to 0.05 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.005 percent of Ni, 0 to 0.10 percent of Si, 0 to 0.20 percent of impurity element and the balance of Mg.
2. The low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the impurity element is copper, iron, nickel, silicon.
3. The method for preparing the low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) The magnesium alloy casting rod is cast and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.0 to 11.00 percent of Ca, 0.20 to 1.0 percent of Ce, 0 to 0.20 percent of Al, 0 to 0.20 percent of Zn, 0 to 0.05 percent of Cu, 0 to 0.05 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.005 percent of Ni, 0 to 0.10 percent of Si, 0 to 0.20 percent of impurity element and the balance of Mg, adopting semi-continuous casting smelting furnace equipment for casting, keeping the casting temperature at 725 to 755 ℃ for 3 hours, reducing the temperature to 710 to 730 ℃ for 1 hour, reducing the temperature to 690 to 720 ℃ again, keeping for 30 minutes, and casting into magnesium alloy cast rod blanks;
2) Homogenizing annealing the magnesium alloy cast rod blank prepared in the step 1), wherein the annealing temperature is 410-430 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 24 hours;
3) Preheating magnesium alloy casting rod blanks, and loading the magnesium alloy casting rod blanks into a heat treatment furnace for preheating, wherein the heating temperature is 320-360 ℃ and the total time is 6 hours;
4) Preheating the extrusion cylinder: heating the extrusion cylinder to 340-420 ℃, wherein the temperature of the end face of the extrusion cylinder is 280-360 ℃;
5) Preheating a die: heating the die to 320-420 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2-4 hours;
6) And extruding the magnesium alloy cast rod, wherein the extruding temperature is 320-360 ℃ for extruding the magnesium alloy cast rod blank.
4. The method for preparing a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 3, wherein the step 2) of homogenizing annealing the magnesium alloy cast rod comprises the following steps:
21 Ingot heating: the temperature is kept between room temperature and 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and the temperature is kept at 120 ℃ for 4 hours;
22 Ingot casting temperature rise): the temperature is raised for 4 hours at 120-410 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours at 410 ℃;
23 Ingot casting temperature rise): heating to 410-430 deg.c for 4 hr and maintaining at 430 deg.c for 4 hr;
24 Ingot cooling: cooled to room temperature in air.
5. The method for preparing a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 3, wherein the magnesium alloy cast rod blank in the step 3) is preheated to 80 ℃ per hour, and is kept for 2 hours after the temperature is reached, and the total time is 6 hours.
6. A method for producing a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 3, wherein the step 4) is performed by heating the extrusion cylinder in advance with a heat treatment furnace, and heating the extrusion cylinder to 80 ℃ per hour until the extrusion cylinder is ready for use.
7. A method for producing a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 3, wherein said step 5) is performed by heating the die in advance with a heat treatment furnace to a temperature of 80 ℃ per hour until the temperature reaches the predetermined temperature.
8. A method for producing a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 3, wherein said step 6) is performed by dividing the entire extrusion process into two stages: the extrusion speed at the initial stage is 2.0-3.0 mm/s, and the extrusion speed is 30-120 mm; the extrusion speed of the second stage is 0.4-2.0 mm/s until extrusion is completed.
9. The method for preparing a low-cost extruded magnesium alloy material according to claim 8, wherein the heating state is maintained in the whole extrusion process in 2 stages, the discharge port is cooled by circulating water, and the water flow is 1m 3 /h。
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