CN117471563B - Suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, universal gravitation constant measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, universal gravitation constant measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
- G01V7/12—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting using pendulums
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Abstract
The application provides a suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, a universal gravitation constant measuring device and a measuring method thereof. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation device comprises two concentric coils, a metal plate, a mass source and an attraction source. The metal plate is placed on two concentric coils having a hollow cavity, and the mass source is connected to the center of the metal plate by a connector passing through the hollow cavity, and the gravitational source is disposed adjacent to the mass source. When opposite time-harmonic alternating currents are respectively passed through the two concentric coils, a time-varying electric field is generated in the two concentric coils, a time-varying magnetic field is generated in the two concentric coils by the time-varying electric field, eddy currents are induced in the metal plate by the time-varying magnetic field, and the eddy currents further generate preset levitation force on the metal plate so that the metal plate is levitated above the two concentric coils by a preset height. The application can reduce the interference of the external environment to the measuring process and improve the measuring precision of the universal gravitation constant.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of force detection, in particular to a suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, a universal gravitation constant measuring device and a measuring method thereof.
Background
For high-precision absolute measurement of extremely weak acceleration, in the current measurement of various basic physical constants, the precision of a gravitational constant (G value) is relatively low, which is extremely weak and unshielded with gravitational signals and is limited by mechanical measurement precision in experiments to a great extent, and the improvement of the precision of the extremely weak acceleration is also limited to a great extent because of external interference such as temperature fluctuation, ground vibration and the like.
Micro-nano mechanical vibrators have been proven to be an effective force detector, and common micro-nano mechanical vibrators comprise cantilever beams commonly used in atomic force microscopes, torsion scales used for measuring universal gravitation, foucault pendulum used for measuring earth rotation and the like, and all the mechanical vibrators are used for amplifying signals to be measured, so that very weak signals can be measured. The force applied to the mechanical vibrator can be sensed by measuring the movement of the mechanical vibrator, however, the movement of the mechanical vibrator inevitably involves environmental disturbances due to the contact of the environment with the mechanical vibrator, which limits the force detection accuracy. In order to reduce the interference of environmental factors, the vacuum suspension mechanical vibrator is generated, so that the contact between the environment and the mechanical vibrator is reduced to the maximum extent, and the force detection sensitivity of the mechanical vibrator is improved. Common suspension mechanisms include: optical levitation, paul well levitation, diamagnetic levitation, superconductive magnetic levitation, magneto-optical hybrid levitation, and the like. The levitated object includes: magnets, metals, NV colour centers, graphene, droplets, silica, etc. suspended in a potential well, have a certain vibration mode under a binding force and are therefore called suspended mechanical vibrators. The suspension mechanical vibrator has very high force detection sensitivity as a force detector, and can detect very weak force.
For the test of extremely weak acceleration, a precise torsion balance is traditionally adopted for the test, and the problems facing the prior art are: the precise torsion balance structure plays an important role in static attraction experiments all the time, and the interference affecting the accuracy of the torsion balance experiments includes electrostatic force, change of ambient temperature, additional attraction effect of a background attraction field, ground vibration and the like besides intrinsic thermal noise. The suspension points of the torsion balance are rigidly connected with the ground through vacuum guidance, and when the ground vibrates, the movement of various inherent modes of the torsion balance is excited to introduce noise into experimental signals to be tested.
Chinese patent application CN 112965129A discloses a balance based on electromagnetic force balance, which can realize the measurement of gravitational force and gravitational constant G. But this patent application has the following problems: (1) The electromagnetic force balanced Kandi torsion balance still belongs to mechanical tests, and the elastic torsion wire adopted by the Kandi torsion balance is inevitably influenced by temperature and external vibration noise, so that larger errors can be introduced by environmental disturbance; and (2) the measurement error of the elastic torsion wire is relatively large.
Chinese patent application CN115493726a discloses a vacuum anti-magnetic levitation force detector and application method thereof, and uses magnetic levitation pendulum to detect extremely weak force. But this patent application has the following problems: (1) The structure adopts magnetic trap detection, the magnetic force of the magnetic trap is limited by the magnetic material of the magnetic trap, the magnetic force of the magnetic trap is necessarily limited by the material, and the neodymium-iron-boron magnet with the strongest magnetism is generally magnetized to not more than N90 at present, so that the levitation force detected by the magnetic trap is limited, and microspheres with larger mass cannot be levitated; (2) For the detection of the ultra-high vacuum degree, heating is often required, and when the temperature of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet reaches the Curie point, the magnetism is often lost, so that the levitation force is lost; (3) The magnetism of the vacuum anti-magnetic levitation force detector is often not adjustable, so that inconvenience exists when the force field needs to be modulated in the later period.
Chinese patent application CN115223430A discloses a vacuum optical tweezers experimental teaching device based on suspended nanoparticles, which can realize detection of extremely weak force by stably capturing and observing the suspended nanoparticles and adjusting the air pressure state of the particles. But this patent application has the following problems: (1) The suspended particles are relatively small in size, the captured particles are easy to drop under the disturbance of the external environment, and the environmental stability is relatively poor; (2) the suspended particles are inferior in anti-seismic performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, a universal gravitation constant measuring device and a measuring method thereof, and aims to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art.
One aspect of the application provides a suspension pendulum vibration isolation device. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation device comprises two concentric coils, a metal plate, a mass source and an attractive force source, wherein the metal plate is placed on the two concentric coils, the two concentric coils are provided with a hollow cavity, the mass source is connected to the center of the metal plate through a connecting piece passing through the hollow cavity, and the attractive force source is arranged adjacent to the mass source. When opposite time-harmonic alternating currents are respectively passed through the two concentric coils, a time-varying electric field is generated in the two concentric coils, the time-varying electric field generates a time-varying magnetic field in the two concentric coils, the time-varying magnetic field induces eddy currents in the metal plate, and the eddy currents further generate preset levitation force on the metal plate so as to suspend the metal plate above the two concentric coils by a preset height.
Further, the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device further comprises a mass block, the connecting piece comprises a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, the center of the metal plate is connected with the mass block through the first connecting piece penetrating through the hollow cavity, and the mass block is connected with the mass source through the second connecting piece.
Further, the first connector and the second connector are flexible connectors.
Further, the mass comprises a lead block.
Further, the two concentric coils are two cylindrical concentric coils, and the metal plate is a circular metal plate.
Further, the metal plate includes an aluminum plate.
The suspension pendulum vibration isolation device provided by the embodiment of the application can solve the detection problem of extremely weak acceleration.
The suspension pendulum vibration isolation device provided by the embodiment of the application has excellent vibration isolation performance under a certain frequency, and the frequency range of vibration isolation can be changed by adjusting the change of the frequency of an electric field, so that the use flexibility is greatly improved, and the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device has higher use value in precision measurement.
Another aspect of the present application provides a device for measuring a gravitational constant. The measuring device comprises the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, the pickup module and the signal processing module. The pickup module is used for picking up a vibration signal of the mass source based on the motion change of the gravitation source and sending the vibration signal of the mass source to the signal processing module; and the signal processing module is used for determining the universal gravitation between the mass source and the gravitation source based on the vibration signal of the mass source so as to calculate the universal gravitation constant.
Further, the measuring device also comprises a vacuum cavity, and the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device is positioned in the vacuum cavity.
In yet another aspect, the application provides a method for measuring gravitational constant. The measuring method comprises the following steps: respectively introducing opposite time-harmonic alternating currents into two concentric coils, wherein the time-harmonic alternating currents generate time-varying electric fields in the two concentric coils, the time-varying electric fields generate time-varying magnetic fields, and the two concentric coils are provided with a hollow cavity; the time-varying magnetic field induces eddy currents in a metal plate placed on the two concentric coils, wherein the center of the metal plate is connected with a mass source through a connecting piece passing through the hollow cavity; the eddy currents generate a predetermined levitation force on the metal plate to levitate the metal plate at a predetermined height above the two concentric coils; placing an attractive force source adjacent to the mass source; picking up a vibration signal of the mass source by changing the motion of the gravitational source; and determining the universal gravitation between the mass source and the gravitation source based on the vibration signal of the mass source, so as to calculate the universal gravitation constant.
Further, the connecting piece includes first connecting piece and second connecting piece, the center of metal sheet is through passing the first connecting piece connection mass block of cavity, the mass block is through the second connecting piece connection mass source to form the suspension pendulum of second grade vibration isolation.
Further, the magnitude of the generated levitation force and the magnitude of the vibration isolation frequency band are adjusted by adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the time-harmonic alternating current.
According to the universal gravitation constant measuring device and the universal gravitation constant measuring method, interference of the external environment to the measuring process can be reduced, and the measuring precision of the universal gravitation constant can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a suspension pendulum vibration isolation device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic simplified block diagram of a device for measuring gravitational constant in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for measuring gravitational constant in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus consistent with aspects of the application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. As used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The application provides a suspension pendulum vibration isolation device. Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus 100 according to one embodiment of the present application. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation device 100 can be applied to, for example, gravitational force measurement. As shown in fig. 1, a suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus 100 according to one embodiment of the present application includes two concentric coils 11, 12, a metal plate 20, a mass source 30, and an attractive force source 40. The metal plate 20 is placed on two concentric coils 11, 12, the two concentric coils 11, 12 having a hollow cavity 13, and the mass source 30 is connected to the center of the metal plate 20 by a connector 50 passing through the hollow cavity 13, and the gravitational source 40 is disposed adjacent to the mass source 30.
In one embodiment, the two concentric coils 11, 12 of the present application are two cylindrical concentric coils.
When opposite time-harmonic alternating currents are respectively passed through the two concentric coils 11 and 12, a time-varying electric field can be generated in the two concentric coils 11 and 12, a time-varying magnetic field is generated in the two concentric coils 11 and 12 by the time-varying electric field, eddy currents are further induced in the metal plate 20 by the time-varying magnetic field, and the eddy currents generate a repulsive force, so that a preset levitation force is generated on the metal plate 20, and the metal plate 20 can be levitated above the two concentric coils 11 and 12 by a preset height.
The levitation force generated by the eddy current on the metal plate 20 by the levitation pendulum vibration isolation device 100 of the present application can levitate the metal plate 20 and the mass source 30 connected to the metal plate 20 through the connection member 50, thereby forming a levitation pendulum. The suspension pendulum can inhibit vibration signals of a certain frequency band, and further achieves good vibration isolation performance.
By adopting the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device 100, a stable and quiet measuring environment can be provided for the measurement of the gravitational constant.
Further, the levitation pendulum vibration isolation device 100 of the present application can adjust the magnitude of the generated levitation force and the magnitude of the vibration isolation band by adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the time-harmonic alternating current. Therefore, if the force field is required to be modulated in the later period, only the frequency and the amplitude of the alternating current are required to be adjusted, and the adjustment is very convenient.
In one embodiment, the metal plate 20 may be made of a lightweight metal material, for example, the metal plate 20 may include, but is not limited to, an aluminum plate, so that it may have a light weight, it may be more convenient to suspend the metal plate 20 under the repulsive force generated by the eddy current, and the magnitude of the suspending force may be reduced.
Alternatively, the metal plate 20 may be a circular metal plate 20, so that the area of the metal plate 20 can be effectively utilized when the eddy current is generated, and the area of the eddy current-free area can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the suspended pendulum vibration isolation apparatus 100 of the present application can further comprise a mass 60. In one embodiment, mass 60 may include, for example, but is not limited to, a lead block or the like.
The connection member 50 may include a first connection member 51 and a second connection member 52, wherein the center of the metal plate 20 may be connected to the mass 60 through the first connection member 51 passing through the hollow cavity 13, and the mass 60 may be connected to the mass source 30 through the second connection member 52. In one embodiment, the first and second connectors 51, 52 are each flexible connectors 50, such as strings or the like.
First-level vibration isolation is formed between the metal plate 20 and the mass block 60, and second-level vibration isolation is formed between the mass block 60 and the mass source 30, so that under the action of repulsive force generated by vortex, the metal plate 20 drives the mass block 60 and the mass source 30 to suspend, and then a second-level vibration isolation suspension pendulum can be formed, and a good vibration isolation effect is achieved.
The suspension pendulum vibration isolation device 100 can isolate disturbance of external environments of certain frequency bands, and further can realize precise measurement of gravitational constants.
Moreover, the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device 100 of the application is not only applied to precise measurement of universal gravitation constant, but also can be used for precise measurement or detection of various different physical parameters in the precise measurement fields of military, civil engineering, artificial intelligence, biomedicine, interventional diagnosis and the like, and provides a quiet measurement environment for measurement of different physical quantities through suppression of external vibration noise.
In addition, the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device 100 of the present application can conveniently and easily achieve an adjustable suspension force, as well as an adjustable vibration isolation band, by adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the ac harmonics.
The application also provides a universal gravitation constant measuring device 200. Fig. 2 discloses a schematic simplified block diagram of a universal gravitation constant measuring device 200 according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 2, the measuring device 200 for universal gravitation constant according to one embodiment of the present application may include the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device 100, the pickup module 210, and the signal processing module 220 according to the above embodiments.
The pickup module 210 may pick up the vibration signal of the mass source 30 based on the change in the motion of the gravitational source 40 in the suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus 100, and may transmit the vibration signal of the mass source 30 to the signal processing module 220.
After receiving the vibration signal of the mass source 30, the signal processing module 220 may determine the gravitational force between the mass source 30 and the gravitational source 40 based on the vibration signal of the mass source 30, and further calculate the gravitational constant.
After obtaining the gravitational force of the mass source 30 and the gravitational source 40 with respect to each other, the gravitational constant can be calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein F is the gravitational force of the mass source 30 and the gravitational source 40, m 1 and m 2 are the masses of the mass source 30 and the gravitational source 40, respectively, r is the distance between the mass source 30 and the gravitational source 40, and G is the gravitational constant.
In some embodiments, the universal gravitation constant measuring device 200 of the application may further comprise a vacuum chamber 13. Wherein the suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus 100 may be located in the vacuum chamber 13. Thus, the influence of the external environment to which the vibration signal of the mass source 30 is subjected can be better insulated.
The universal gravitation constant measuring device 200 can greatly reduce the interference of external environment factors to the measuring process and can improve the measuring precision of the universal gravitation constant.
The application also provides a method for measuring the universal gravitation constant. FIG. 3 discloses a flow chart of a method for measuring gravitational constant in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the method for measuring the gravitational constant according to an embodiment of the present application may include steps S1 to S6.
In step S1, opposite time-harmonic alternating currents are applied to the two concentric coils 11, 12, respectively, and the time-harmonic alternating currents generate time-varying electric fields in the two concentric coils 11, 12, which generate time-varying magnetic fields. The two concentric coils 11, 12 have a hollow cavity 13.
In step S2, the time-varying magnetic field may induce eddy currents in the metal plate 20 placed on the two concentric coils 11, 12. Wherein the center of the metal plate 20 is connected to a mass source 30 by a connector 50 passing through the hollow cavity 13.
In step S3, the eddy current may generate a predetermined levitation force on the metal plate 20 to levitate the metal plate 20 at a predetermined height above the two concentric coils 11, 12.
In step S4, an attractive force source 40 is placed adjacent to the mass source 30.
In step S5, the vibration signal of the mass source 30 may be picked up by changing the motion of the gravitational source 40.
In step S6, the gravitational force between the mass source 30 and the gravitational source 40 may be determined based on the vibration signal of the mass source 30, and the gravitational constant may be calculated.
The magnitude of the generated levitation force and the magnitude of the vibration isolation frequency band can be adjusted by adjusting the frequency and the amplitude of the time-harmonic alternating current.
In some embodiments, the connecting member 50 includes a first connecting member 51 and a second connecting member 52, the center of the metal plate 20 is connected to a mass 60 through the first connecting member 51 passing through the hollow cavity 13, and the mass 60 is connected to the mass source 30 through the second connecting member 52 to form a secondary vibration-isolated suspension pendulum.
The method for measuring the universal gravitation constant can greatly reduce the interference of external environmental factors on the measuring process and can improve the measuring precision of the universal gravitation constant.
The suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, the universal gravitation constant measuring device and the measuring method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, the universal gravitation constant measuring device and the measuring method thereof according to the embodiments of the present application, and the description of the above embodiments is only for helping understanding the core idea of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the spirit and principles of the application, which should also fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A suspension pendulum vibration isolation device is characterized by comprising two concentric coils, a metal plate, a mass source and an attractive force source, wherein the metal plate is placed on the two concentric coils, the two concentric coils are provided with a hollow cavity, the mass source is connected to the center of the metal plate through a connecting piece passing through the hollow cavity, the attractive force source is arranged adjacent to the mass source,
When opposite time-harmonic alternating currents are respectively passed through the two concentric coils, a time-varying electric field is generated in the two concentric coils, the time-varying electric field generates a time-varying magnetic field in the two concentric coils, the time-varying magnetic field induces eddy currents in the metal plate, and the eddy currents further generate preset levitation force on the metal plate so as to suspend the metal plate above the two concentric coils by a preset height.
2. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a mass, said connector comprising a first connector and a second connector, said center of said metal plate being connected to said mass by said first connector passing through said hollow cavity, said mass being connected to said mass source by said second connector.
3. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus of claim 2 wherein said first connector and said second connector are flexible connectors.
4. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus of claim 2 wherein said mass comprises a lead mass.
5. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus of claim 1 wherein said two concentric coils are two cylindrical concentric coils and said metal plate is a circular metal plate.
6. The suspension pendulum vibration isolation apparatus of claim 1 wherein said metal plate comprises an aluminum plate.
7. The universal gravitation constant measuring device is characterized by comprising the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, the pickup module and the signal processing module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
The pickup module is used for picking up the vibration signal of the mass source based on the motion change of the gravitational source and sending the vibration signal of the mass source to the signal processing module; and
The signal processing module is used for determining the universal gravitation between the mass source and the gravitation source based on the vibration signal of the mass source so as to calculate the universal gravitation constant.
8. The measurement device of claim 7 further comprising a vacuum chamber, wherein the suspension pendulum vibration isolation device is located in the vacuum chamber.
9. A method for measuring a gravitational constant, comprising:
respectively introducing opposite time-harmonic alternating currents into two concentric coils, wherein the time-harmonic alternating currents generate time-varying electric fields in the two concentric coils, the time-varying electric fields generate time-varying magnetic fields, and the two concentric coils are provided with a hollow cavity;
The time-varying magnetic field induces eddy currents in a metal plate placed on the two concentric coils, wherein the center of the metal plate is connected with a mass source through a connecting piece passing through the hollow cavity;
The eddy currents generate a predetermined levitation force on the metal plate to levitate the metal plate at a predetermined height above the two concentric coils;
placing an attractive force source adjacent to the mass source;
picking up a vibration signal of the mass source by changing the motion of the gravitational source; and
And determining the universal gravitation between the mass source and the gravitation source based on the vibration signal of the mass source, and further calculating the universal gravitation constant.
10. The method of measuring of claim 9, wherein said connector comprises a first connector and a second connector, wherein the center of said metal plate is connected to a mass through said first connector passing through said hollow cavity, and wherein said mass is connected to said mass source through said second connector to form a secondary vibration isolated pendulum.
11. The measurement method according to claim 9, wherein the magnitude of the generated levitation force and the magnitude of the vibration isolation band are adjusted by adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the time-harmonic alternating current.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311371001.2A CN117471563B (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, universal gravitation constant measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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| CN202311371001.2A CN117471563B (en) | 2023-10-20 | 2023-10-20 | Suspension pendulum vibration isolation device, universal gravitation constant measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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| CN117471563B true CN117471563B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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| 静电悬浮加速度计研究;周泽兵 等;《中国地球物理2013——第二十六专题论文集》;20131231;第1150-1151页 * |
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