CN117470317A - Multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system and method for debris flow - Google Patents
Multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system and method for debris flow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a mud-rock flow multiparameter integrated dynamic monitoring system and a method, wherein the device comprises a plurality of integrated sensing units, a server and a data processing center; the server is provided with an intelligent acquisition base station, a solar power generation device, a fixed rack and a 5G module. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the integrated sensing unit is used for detecting mechanical vibration data and acceleration data of the debris flow circulation area, so that the working mode of the integrated sensing unit is adjusted, monitoring data are obtained and sent to the server, the server is used for sending the collected monitoring data of the multi-parameter integrated sensing unit to the data processing center through the 5G network, the data processing center is used for receiving and storing the monitoring data returned by the server, and therefore the integrated sensing unit is convenient for helping related personnel to calculate and monitor the received data, and the formation mechanism and the evolution rule of the debris flow are better known. The monitoring system has the advantages of real-time monitoring, manpower resource saving and wide coverage range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of debris flow geological disaster monitoring, in particular to a debris flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system and method.
Background
Is affected by geological conditions, rainfall, earthquake action and the like, and is easy to occur in urban geological disasters in southwest mountain areas of China. The mud-rock flow is used as a most common geological disaster, so that the mud-rock flow has the advantages of multiple disaster types, wide distribution region, high occurrence frequency, higher casualties and property loss, and extremely high prevention and control difficulty, and seriously threatens the sustainable development of national economy and society. In order to effectively prevent and reduce the loss caused by such disasters, related researches on a debris flow disaster monitoring technical method are urgently needed.
Due to the extreme complexity of geological conditions and dynamic environments of areas where debris flows are likely to occur, the debris flow monitoring method has a plurality of problems in terms of accuracy, reliability, signals and the like. On the one hand, the mud-rock flow monitoring device needs to be affected by corrosion, sediment impact and the like, a traditional rainfall sensor, a mud-water level sensor and an infrasound monitor are easy to damage, on the other hand, mud-rock flow is usually located in a mountain region dense forest environment, the signal coverage of the part is poor, and a large number of mud-rock flow monitoring means such as a newly developed unmanned aerial vehicle aviation remote sensing technology, a high-precision GPS displacement monitor and the like are difficult to play a role. On the other hand, the non-contact monitoring method, such as weather radar, infrared video detector, ultrasonic mud level meter and the like, is mainly static single-point monitoring, has the problems of limited monitoring quantity, poor monitoring precision, high equipment cost and the like, and cannot realize the requirements of dynamic and automatic real-time monitoring of the mud-rock flow, so that the monitoring and early warning success rate of the geological disaster of the mud-rock flow at the present stage is lower.
Devices and methods are provided for dynamic monitoring of debris flow in the prior art (patent CN 115097550B), but only the rainfall sensor is considered, and the single monitoring method lacks accuracy. Although patent CN115471144B provides a method, device and medium for monitoring and early warning debris flow in multi-source data fusion, the device is static single-point monitoring, and cannot reflect multi-parameter dynamic information when debris flow occurs.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring device suitable for the characteristics of sudden occurrence, short duration and the like of the debris flow disaster, and a monitoring means and method with high reliability, low cost and high precision can be provided for the prevention and control of the debris flow.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system, which comprises a server, a data processing center and a plurality of integrated sensing units;
each integrated sensing unit comprises a shell component, and a control board, a wireless transceiver, a GPS device and a sensor component which are arranged in the shell component, wherein the control board is connected with the wireless transceiver, the GPS device and the sensor component;
the integrated sensing unit is positioned in the debris flow circulation area, and moves along with the debris flow in the debris flow process;
the sensor assembly comprises a vibration sensor, a triaxial accelerometer, a triaxial gyroscope, a water pressure sensor, a pressure sensor and a triaxial electronic compass;
the vibration sensor detects low-frequency vibration generated by debris flow motion, and the triaxial accelerometer measures displacement, speed and acceleration of the integrated sensing unit; the triaxial electronic compass is used for measuring the earth magnetic field information, determining azimuth references and matching with a GPS device to provide accurate positioning information; the three-axis gyroscope is used for measuring the angular speed of the integrated sensing unit; the water pressure sensor is used for measuring water temperature and surge impact pressure; the pressure sensor is used for measuring soil pressure and shear stress generated by debris flow movement; the vibration sensor and the triaxial accelerometer are started in real time, and after detecting that low-frequency vibration or acceleration reading generated by debris flow motion exceeds a preset threshold value, the control board controls the triaxial gyroscope, the water pressure sensor, the triaxial electronic compass and the GPS device to be started, so that the integrated sensing unit is switched from a standby state to an activated state; the control board sends debris flow parameter information to the service server through the wireless receiving and transmitting device, and simultaneously sends alarm information to the server debris flow; the server sends the acquired debris flow parameter information to a data processing center, and the data processing center monitors the debris flow process through the debris flow parameters.
Further, the server comprises a fixed rack, an acquisition module and a 5G module, wherein the acquisition module and the 5G module are both fixed on the fixed rack, the acquisition module is connected with the 5G module, and the 5G module is in wireless connection with the data processing center; the 5G module is used for transmitting the data sent by the wireless communication module and transmitting the data to the data processing center;
further, the shell device comprises a lower shell and an upper end cover, wherein the lower shell and the upper end cover are of a hemispherical shell structure, an annular sealing ring is arranged at the upper end of the lower shell, a spiral pressing bayonet is arranged on the annular sealing ring, an adaptive bayonet is arranged at the lower end of the upper end cover, the upper end cover covers the lower shell, the upper end cover and the lower shell form a spherical shell, and the spherical shell and the upper end cover are connected through the adaptive bayonet and the spiral pressing bayonet in a matched manner; the control board, the wireless transceiver, the GPS device and the sensor assembly are all positioned in the spherical shell.
Further, silica gel is injected into a gap at the joint of the lower shell and the upper end cover, so that the spherical shell formed by the lower shell and the upper end cover is sealed and waterproof.
Further, a potting box is arranged in the lower shell, and the control board, the wireless transceiver, the GPS device and the sensor assembly are sealed in the potting box.
Further, the server further comprises an intelligent acquisition base station and a solar power generation device, the solar power generation device is fixed at the top of the fixed frame, the acquisition module is located in the intelligent acquisition base station, and the solar power generation device supplies power to the intelligent acquisition base station and the 5G module.
The invention also provides a mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring method, which is applied to the mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system and comprises the following steps:
s1: determining an area of the debris flow which is likely to occur as an area to be monitored;
s2: dividing the area to be monitored into an object source area, a circulation area and a stacking area according to the position topography and the topography of the area to be monitored; determining a plurality of placement points within the flow-through zone to place the integrated sensing units;
s3: calibrating an arrangement point magnetic field for arranging the integrated sensing unit; and disposing the plurality of integrated sensing units at the corresponding disposing points, respectively;
s4: numbering each integrated sensing unit for later identification;
s5: and (3) installing a server: the acquisition module and the 5G module are arranged on the fixed support, and a solar power generation device is fixedly arranged at the top of the fixed support;
s6: starting a vibration sensor and a triaxial accelerometer; detecting mechanical vibration data and acceleration data of a debris flow circulation area by using a vibration sensor and a triaxial accelerometer respectively, and executing step S7 if low-frequency vibration or acceleration reading generated by debris flow motion is detected to exceed a preset threshold value, and simultaneously sending debris flow alarm information to a server;
s7, the control board controls the triaxial gyroscope, the water pressure sensor, the triaxial electronic compass and the GPS device to be switched from a standby state to an active state;
acquiring the accurate geographic coordinate position of the integrated sensing unit through a three-axis electronic compass and a GPS device, and measuring displacement, speed and acceleration data of the integrated sensing unit by utilizing three-axis acceleration; measuring the angular velocity of the integrated sensing unit by using a triaxial gyroscope, measuring the water temperature and the surge impact pressure by using a water pressure sensor, and measuring the soil pressure and shear stress data generated by the debris flow motion by using a pressure sensor;
s8, collecting the monitoring data obtained in the step S6 and the step S7 through a server;
and S9, the server sends the collected monitoring data of the integrated sensing unit to a data processing center through a 5G network.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system, the shell device is designed to consider the anti-collision of the integrated sensing unit and the robustness along with the movement of the mud-rock flow, continuous in-situ monitoring can be carried out, the control board can adjust the conversion of the mode of the integrated sensing unit, the power consumption is reduced to the maximum extent, the triaxial electronic compass can measure the earth magnetic field information, determine the azimuth reference and can be matched with the GPS device to provide accurate positioning information, and the reliability of monitoring data is ensured. The integrated sensing unit can monitor displacement, speed, acceleration, angular velocity, soil pressure, shear stress, surge impact pressure and other data, can effectively reflect multi-parameter dynamic information when debris flow occurs, and the server collects monitoring data and transmits the monitoring data back to the data processing center in a wireless mode. The integrated sensing unit, the server and the data processing center adopt 5G network communication, so that the communication cost can be greatly reduced. Compared with the traditional debris flow monitoring system, the monitoring system provides a monitoring means and method with self-adaptation, high reliability and low cost, has the characteristics of real-time monitoring, manpower resource saving and wide coverage, and is a problem which cannot be solved by the traditional method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a debris flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system arrangement, debris flow zoning and surrounding environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated sensing unit of a mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing device 201 of a mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a server 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: server 1, integrated sensing unit 2, data processing center 3, stack 4, bedrock 5, source zone 6, circulation zone 7, stack zone 8, intelligent acquisition base station 101, solar power generation device 102, stationary gantry 103, housing device 201, lower housing 2011, ring seal 2012, upper end cap 2013, screw down structure bayonet 2014, end cap bayonet 2015, control board 202, PCB circuit board 2021, MCU microprocessor 2022, GPIO interface 2023, USB interface 2024, vibration sensor 203, pressure sensor 204, triaxial accelerometer 205, triaxial electronic compass 206, triaxial gyroscope 207, water pressure sensor 208, GPS device 209, cable sealing and clamping device 210, radio transceiver 211, battery 212, solar panel 213, potting box 214.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a system layout and a mud-rock flow partition schematic diagram of a mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the invention are shown in fig. 1, and the mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system comprises a server 1, a plurality of integrated sensing units 2 and a data processing center 3, wherein the mud-rock flow partition comprises an object source region 6, a circulation region 7 and a stacking region 8, the surrounding environment refers to stratum composition, and the stratum composition is sequentially distributed along the vertical direction and is respectively a stack 4 and a bedrock 5.
In the above embodiment, the integrated sensing unit 2 includes the housing device 201, the control board 202, the vibration sensor 203, the pressure sensor 204, the three-axis accelerometer 205, the three-axis electronic compass 206, the three-axis gyroscope 207, the water pressure sensor 208, the GPS device 209, the cable sealing and clamping device 210, the radio transceiver device 211, the signal transceiver antenna 2111, the wireless communication module 2112, the storage battery 212, the solar panel 213, and the potting box 214, and the integrated sensing unit 2 may move with the debris flow when the debris flow occurs.
In the present invention, the housing device 201 is a sealed waterproof housing device, which includes a lower housing 2011, an annular seal ring 2012, an upper end cover 2013, a screw-down structure bayonet 2014, and an end cover bayonet 2015; the lower shell 2011, the annular sealing ring 2012 and the upper end cover 2013 do not need a connecting piece, and the sealed shell device can be directly assembled by only sleeving the annular sealing ring 2012 on the lower shell 2011 and the upper end cover 2023 in advance; the lower shell 2011 adopts a spiral pressing structure bayonet 2024, the end cover 2013 adopts a bayonet 2015 matched with the shell, the annular sealing ring 2012 has a certain deformation resistance, and the waterproof function is mainly realized by the groove design of the double-ring sealing ring 2012 and the contact of the end cover 2013. The annular sealing ring 2012 is sleeved on the end cover 2013, then the 8 screw-down structure bayonets 2014 on the lower shell 2011 are aligned with the end cover bayonets 2015 on the end cover 2013, and the screw-down structure bayonets are matched through rotation, and silica gel is injected into gaps around the lower shell 2011 and the end cover 2013, so that a double-sealing waterproof function is realized.
The casing device 201 is sealed with the control board 202, and the control board adopts an ESP32 development board, and the composition of the control board comprises: PCB circuit board 2021, MCU microprocessor 2022, GPIO interface 2023 and USB interface 2024. The control board 202 is arranged in a shell device encapsulating box, the encapsulating box 604 is provided with three layers, the lowest layer is encapsulated with a storage battery 212, the middle layer is encapsulated with a PCB 2021, the uppermost layer is encapsulated with an MCU 2022, and the vibration sensor 203, the pressure sensor 204, the triaxial accelerometer 205, the triaxial electronic compass 206, the triaxial gyroscope 207, the water pressure sensor 208 and the GPS device 209 are connected with the ESP32 development board 202 through GPIO interfaces 2023; the wireless transceiver 211 is located above the uppermost layer of the potting box, the wireless transceiver 211 comprises a signal transceiver antenna 2111 and a wireless communication module 2112, the signal transceiver antenna 2111 adopts a PCB antenna and is connected with the ESP32 development board 202 through a GPIO interface, and the wireless transceiver 211 is used for receiving and transmitting radio signals and improving the signal receiving capability and the anti-interference capability of the integrated sensing unit; the wireless communication module 2112 adopts a CC2530 radio frequency transceiver, is connected with the ESP32 development board 202 through a GPIO interface, realizes the control of the ESP32 development board, and can connect the integrated sensing unit and the server into the Internet of things through various communication protocols and standards to realize the transmission and interaction of information. The three layers of the encapsulating boxes are connected by adopting copper columns at four corners, the baffle plate of the encapsulating box is positioned at the lowest layer of the encapsulating box, and the control panel 202 is stuck by using epoxy resin pouring sealant so as to improve the insulativity between the internal element and the circuit.
In the above embodiment, the vibration sensor 203 is used to detect low-frequency vibration generated by the movement of the debris flow, and predict the arrival of the debris flow by diagnosing the operation state of the integrated sensing unit; the pressure sensor 204 is used for measuring soil pressure, shear stress and the like generated by the movement of the debris flow; the triaxial accelerometer 205 is used for measuring displacement, speed and acceleration of the integrated sensing unit; the three-axis electronic compass 206 is used for measuring the earth magnetic field information, determining an azimuth reference, correcting the angle information measured by the three-axis gyroscope, and can be matched with the GPS device 209 to provide accurate positioning information; the three-axis gyroscope 207 is used for measuring the angular velocity of the integrated sensing unit and judging the motion state of the integrated sensing unit by combining with a three-axis electronic compass; the water pressure sensor 208 is used for measuring water temperature and surge impact pressure; the GPS device 209 is configured to obtain a geographic coordinate position of the integrated sensing unit; the cable sealing and clamping device is used for preventing water or soil from entering the shell, and preventing the waterproof performance of the device from being damaged when the debris flow impacts the integrated sensing unit; the battery 212 is used to support the integrated sensing unit to operate in standby mode for up to 30 days without charging; the solar panel 213 absorbs solar energy, is connected with the storage battery, and transmits the converted electric energy to the storage battery, so that the storage battery can be charged by secondary power supply of the integrated sensing unit; the related circuit is connected with a storage battery to provide power for the sensor and the circuit, isolates an input power supply from an output power supply so as to reduce measurement errors caused by power fluctuation, and is connected with the vibration sensor 203, the pressure sensor 204, the three-axis accelerometer 205, the three-axis electronic compass 206, the three-axis gyroscope 207, the water pressure sensor 208 and the GPS device 209 to acquire monitoring data;
further, the server 1 includes an intelligent acquisition base station 101, a solar power generation apparatus 102, a fixed rack 103, and 5G modules. An acquisition module is arranged in the intelligent acquisition base station 101 to acquire various data acquired by the integrated sensing unit 2; the fixed support 103 is of a hollow structure, the fixed support 103 is connected with the intelligent acquisition base station 101, the solar power generation device 102 is connected with the uppermost end of the fixed support 103, and the 5G module 104 is embedded into the intelligent acquisition base station 101, so that a server system which can only acquire real-time acquisition and return of a platform based on high-precision data by utilizing a wireless communication network is realized. The intelligent acquisition base station 101 of the server 1 is used for acquiring all monitoring data; the solar power generation device 102 of the server 1 supplies power to the acquisition base station 101; the fixed rack 103 is used for installing a fixed server; the 5G module of the server 1 is configured to receive the sensor data sent by the integrated sensing unit wireless communication module 2112, and wirelessly transmit the sensor data back to the data processing center 3.
Further, the data processing center 3 is used for receiving and storing the monitoring data returned by the server 1, so as to facilitate the calculation and monitoring of the received data by related personnel;
the working principle of the monitoring system is as follows: the vibration sensor 203 and the triaxial accelerometer 205 of the integrated sensing unit 2 detect mechanical vibration data and acceleration data of a debris flow circulation area respectively, the arrival of the debris flow is predicted by diagnosing the running state of the integrated sensing unit 2, if the low-frequency vibration or the acceleration reading generated by the debris flow motion exceeds a threshold value, the control board 202 activates all other sensing units of the integrated sensing unit 2, so that the integrated sensing unit 2 is switched from a standby state to an activated state, all sensors in the integrated sensing unit 2 start to work and acquire monitoring data, and the pressure sensor 204 is used for measuring soil pressure, shear stress and the like generated by the debris flow motion; the triaxial accelerometer 205 is used for measuring displacement, speed and acceleration of the integrated sensing unit; the three-axis electronic compass 206 is used for measuring the earth magnetic field information, determining an azimuth reference, correcting the angle information measured by the three-axis gyroscope, and can be matched with the GPS device 209 to provide accurate positioning information; the three-axis gyroscope 207 is used for measuring the angular velocity of the integrated sensing unit and judging the motion state of the integrated sensing unit by combining with a three-axis electronic compass; the water pressure sensor 208 is used for measuring water temperature and surge impact pressure; the GPS device 209 is used to obtain the geographic coordinate position of the integrated sensing unit. The wireless transceiver 211 of the integrated sensing unit 2 transmits the monitoring data to the server 1.
The server 1 sends the collected monitoring data of the integrated sensing unit 2 to the data processing center 3 through the 5G network, and the data processing center 3 is used for receiving and storing the monitoring data transmitted back by the server 1, so that the monitoring system is convenient for helping related personnel to calculate and monitor the received data, and the formation mechanism and the evolution rule of the debris flow are better known.
The multi-parameter sensing unit 2 of the embodiment of the invention integrates a vibration sensor 203, a pressure sensor 204, a three-axis accelerometer 205, a three-axis electronic compass 206, a three-axis gyroscope 207, a water pressure sensor 208 and a GPS device 209, and solves the problems of high cost, difficult maintenance, low reliability and the like of the existing debris flow monitoring means by realizing the monitoring of landslide. The technical indexes achieved are as follows:
the power supply mode is as follows: battery powered
Communication mode: RS-485 and ZigBee/TCPIP
Continuous on-line monitoring time: not less than 90 days.
In addition, the invention also provides a mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring method, which is based on the mud-rock flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system, and referring to fig. 5, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a region where debris flow is likely to occur as a region to be monitored by means of field investigation, manual investigation and instrument aerial photography;
s2: according to the topography and topography of the debris flow generating position, surrounding stratum components are sequentially distributed along the vertical direction to form a deposit 4 and a bedrock 5 respectively, a source area 6, a circulation area 7 and a deposit area 8 of the debris flow are divided, and the range of the debris flow circulation area to be monitored and the specific arrangement position of the integrated sensing unit 2 are determined;
s3: accessing the integrated sensing unit 2 into the mobile device to calibrate the magnetic field by utilizing the three-axis electronic compass 206; and disposing the plurality of integrated sensing units at the corresponding disposing points, respectively;
s4: numbering each sensing unit for later identification;
s5: the installation server is used for arranging the intelligent acquisition base station on the fixed support, and the upper end of the installation server is fixedly provided with a solar power generation device which is connected with the solar power generation device through a cable to carry out power supply and data communication;
s6: starting a vibration sensor 203 and a triaxial accelerometer 205, respectively detecting mechanical vibration data and acceleration data of a debris flow circulation area by using the vibration sensor 203 and the triaxial accelerometer 205, and executing step S7 if low-frequency vibration or acceleration reading generated by debris flow motion is detected to exceed a threshold value, starting the integrated sensing unit 2 to work and acquire monitoring data, and sending alarm information to a server;
s7: the control board controls the three-axis gyroscope, the water pressure sensor, the three-axis electronic compass 206 and the GPS device 209 to be switched from a standby state to an active state;
acquiring accurate geographic coordinate positions of the integrated sensing unit 2 through the three-axis electronic compass 206 and the GPS device 209, and measuring displacement, speed and acceleration data of the integrated sensing unit by utilizing the three-axis accelerometer 205; the angular velocity of the integrated sensing unit is measured by using a triaxial gyroscope 207, the water temperature and the surge impact pressure are measured by using a water pressure sensor 208, and the data such as the soil pressure, the shear stress and the like generated by the debris flow motion are measured by using a pressure sensor 204;
s8: collecting monitoring data acquired by the S6 and the S7 through a server;
and S9, the server 1 sends the collected monitoring data of the integrated sensing unit 2 to the data processing center 3 through a 5G network.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation, and for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another apparatus, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some communication interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations may be suggested to one skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. .
In this document, terms such as front, rear, upper, lower, etc. are defined with respect to the positions of the components in the drawings and with respect to each other, for clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the protection sought herein.
The embodiments described above and features of the embodiments herein may be combined with each other without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a mud-rock flow multiparameter integrated dynamic monitoring system which characterized in that: the system comprises a server, a data processing center and a plurality of integrated sensing units;
each integrated sensing unit comprises a shell component, and a control board, a wireless transceiver, a GPS device and a sensor component which are arranged in the shell component, wherein the control board is connected with the wireless transceiver, the GPS device and the sensor component;
the integrated sensing unit is positioned in the debris flow circulation area and moves along with the debris flow in the debris flow process;
the sensor assembly comprises a vibration sensor, a triaxial accelerometer, a triaxial gyroscope, a water pressure sensor, a pressure sensor and a triaxial electronic compass;
the vibration sensor detects low-frequency vibration generated by debris flow motion, and the triaxial accelerometer measures displacement, speed and acceleration of the integrated sensing unit; the triaxial electronic compass is used for measuring the earth magnetic field information, determining azimuth references and matching with a GPS device to provide accurate positioning information; the three-axis gyroscope is used for measuring the angular speed of the integrated sensing unit; the water pressure sensor is used for measuring water temperature and surge impact pressure; the pressure sensor is used for measuring soil pressure and shear stress generated by debris flow movement; the vibration sensor and the triaxial accelerometer are started in real time, after the vibration sensor and the triaxial accelerometer detect that low-frequency vibration generated by debris flow motion or acceleration reading exceeds a preset threshold value, the control board controls the triaxial gyroscope, the water pressure sensor, the triaxial electronic compass and the GPS device to be switched from a standby state to an activated state, and the control board sends debris flow parameter information to a service server through the wireless transceiver; the server sends the acquired debris flow parameter information to a data processing center, and the data processing center monitors the debris flow process through the debris flow parameters.
2. The debris flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the server comprises a fixed rack, an acquisition module and a 5G module, wherein the acquisition module and the 5G module are both fixed on the fixed rack, the acquisition module is connected with the 5G module, and the 5G module is in wireless connection with the data processing center; the 5G module is used for transmitting the data sent by the wireless communication module and transmitting the data to the data processing center.
3. The debris flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: the shell device comprises a lower shell and an upper end cover, wherein the lower shell and the upper end cover are of a hemispherical shell structure, an annular sealing ring is arranged at the upper end of the lower shell, a spiral pressing bayonet is arranged on the annular sealing ring, an adaptive bayonet is arranged at the lower end of the upper end cover, the upper end cover covers the lower shell, the upper end cover and the lower shell form a spherical shell, and the spherical shell and the upper end cover are connected through the adaptive bayonet and the spiral pressing bayonet in a matched manner; the control board, the wireless transceiver, the GPS device and the sensor assembly are all positioned in the spherical shell.
4. A debris flow multiparameter integrated dynamic monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein: silica gel is injected into a gap at the joint of the lower shell and the upper end cover, so that the spherical shell formed by the lower shell and the upper end cover is sealed and waterproof.
5. The debris flow multi-parameter integrated dynamic monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein: the lower shell is internally provided with a potting box, and the control board, the wireless transceiver, the GPS device and the sensor assembly are sealed in the potting box.
6. A debris flow multiparameter integrated dynamic monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein: the server further comprises an intelligent acquisition base station and a solar power generation device, wherein the solar power generation device is fixed at the top of the fixed frame, the acquisition module is located in the intelligent acquisition base station, and the solar power generation device supplies power to the intelligent acquisition base station and the 5G module.
7. The mud-rock flow multiparameter integrated dynamic monitoring method is characterized by being applied to the mud-rock flow multiparameter integrated dynamic monitoring system in any one of claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps:
s1: determining an area of the debris flow which is likely to occur as an area to be monitored;
s2: dividing the area to be monitored into an object source area, a circulation area and a stacking area according to the position topography and the topography of the area to be monitored; determining a plurality of placement points within the flow-through zone to place the integrated sensing units;
s3: calibrating an arrangement point magnetic field for arranging the integrated sensing unit; and disposing the plurality of integrated sensing units at the corresponding disposing points, respectively;
s4: numbering each integrated sensing unit for later identification;
s5: and (3) installing a server: the acquisition module and the 5G module are arranged on the fixed support, and a solar power generation device is fixedly arranged at the top of the fixed support;
s6: starting a vibration sensor and a triaxial accelerometer; detecting mechanical vibration data and acceleration data of a debris flow circulation area by using a vibration sensor and a triaxial accelerometer respectively, and executing step S7 if low-frequency vibration or acceleration reading generated by debris flow motion is detected to exceed a preset threshold value, and simultaneously sending debris flow alarm information to a server;
s7, the control board controls the triaxial gyroscope, the water pressure sensor, the triaxial electronic compass and the GPS device to be switched from a standby state to an active state;
acquiring the accurate geographic coordinate position of the integrated sensing unit through a three-axis electronic compass and a GPS device, and measuring displacement and speed data of the integrated sensing unit by utilizing a three-axis accelerometer; measuring the angular velocity of the integrated sensing unit by using a triaxial gyroscope, measuring the water temperature and the surge impact pressure by using a water pressure sensor, and measuring the soil pressure and shear stress data generated by the debris flow motion by using a pressure sensor;
s8, collecting the monitoring data obtained in the step S6 and the step S7 through a server;
and S9, the server sends the collected monitoring data of the integrated sensing unit to a data processing center through a 5G network.
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