CN117468859A - A micro-hole downhole directional device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of guiding drilling equipment, in particular to a downhole micro-hole orientation device which at least comprises an auxiliary pipe column from top to bottom, a guiding structure and a sidetracking pipe column penetrating through the auxiliary pipe column, wherein the sidetracking pipe column can be put into the bottom of a well from the inside of the auxiliary pipe column and sidetracking is completed under the guidance of the guiding structure, and the sidetracking pipe column can be kept in a straight line state under the action of the auxiliary pipe column, so that the axial drilling force of the sidetracking pipe column is kept, and the sidetracking pipe column is prevented from bending in the main well and not going smoothly. When the azimuth is required to be adjusted, the directional nipple in the micro-hole underground directional device can receive the instructions sent by the ground to work, drive the sidetracking pipe column to slowly rotate to adjust the azimuth, and can effectively control the azimuth of the sidetracking pipe column.

Description

A micro-hole downhole directional device

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of steerable drilling equipment, and specifically relates to a micro-hole downhole directional device.

Background technique

Coiled tubing drilling technology drills into the ground and reaches the oil reservoir through small-diameter flexible tubing. Its application scope includes new shallow vertical wells, directional wells and horizontal wells, deepening of old wells, sidetracking, through-tubing drilling, and production layer coring. As well as completion and drilling, etc., it has the characteristics of reducing costs, reducing pollution, and occupying a narrow area. It has broad application prospects at home and abroad.

Coiled tubing drilling technology requires drilling a tiny wellbore with a diameter of no more than 88.9mm underground, and then feeding coiled tubing into the tiny wellbore.

In the prior art, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN113107365A describes a flexible rotary drilling guide device, which includes a drilling guide section, a flexible drive drill string, a flexible guide drive system and a hydraulic power section. Steering, drilling a lateral wellbore with a pre-designed route. However, this flexible rotary drilling guide device is suitable for use under conditions where the diameter of the flexible driven drill string is equal to the inner diameter of the main wellbore. For drilling small wellbore, since the corresponding flexible drill pipe is very thin, it is easy to bend in the main wellbore. , it is difficult to move forward smoothly in the main wellbore.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a micro-hole downhole directional device to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult for a flexible drill pipe to drill a micro-hole to advance smoothly in the main wellbore.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A micro-hole downhole directional device is provided, which at least includes a top-down auxiliary pipe string, a guide structure, and a sidetrack string that penetrates the inside of the auxiliary pipe string; both the auxiliary pipe string and the guide structure include a seat clamp structure, and all need to be run into the main wellbore in advance to the designed well depth to complete the seat clamping and fixing; the sidetrack string can be run into the bottom of the well from the inside of the auxiliary string, and complete the sidetracking under the guidance of the guide structure Drill.

Preferably, the auxiliary pipe string includes a top-down rigid drill string, a seat clamp sub-joint and a directional sub-joint; the rigid drill string is composed of several rigid drill pipes, and the seat clamp sub-joint and directional sub-joint are Refers to a rigid sub-joint containing a seat clamp structure and/or a directional structure. The seat clamp sub-joint and the directional nipple can be two independent nipples fixed by threaded connection, or the seat clamp structure and the directional structure jointly include in the same short section.

Preferably, the rigid drill string, the seat clamp sub-joint and the directional sub-joint are provided with a through structure inside, and the through-through structure matches the appearance size of the sidetrack string, allowing the sidetrack string to be auxiliary Lifting, lowering or rotating the pipe string internally;

Preferably, the seat clamp structure refers to any structure or device that can realize the tool seat clamp, and its control form can be hydraulic control or electrical control, including but not limited to telescopic push parts or expandable and contractible push parts. The seat clamp structure; the seat clamp structure can enable the rigid whole composed of the seat clamp sub-section and the directional sub-section to overcome the torque generated by the rotation of the sidetrack string.

Preferably, the directional structure refers to any structure or device that can realize the functions of clamping and rotation, including but not limited to hydraulic slips, which are usually provided inside the directional sub-joint and can clamp and penetrate the Rotate the sidetrack string inside the directional sub-joint.

Preferably, the guide structure can be a whipstock or other structures with similar functions. During the operation, the guide structure can be lowered into the well first or along with the auxiliary string to guide the sidetrack string. Implement sidetracking operations;

Preferably, the sidetrack string refers to any tool combination that meets the requirements for lateral directional drilling of the main wellbore, and at least includes a measurement and control system while drilling, and the measurement and control system while drilling refers to measurements that meet the directional measurement and control requirements. The combination of modules and control modules includes but is not limited to tool face angle measurement module and near-bit attitude measurement module.

Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the micro-hole downhole directional device at least includes a top-down auxiliary pipe string, a guide structure and a sidetracking pipe string penetrated inside the auxiliary pipe string. The pipe string can be lowered into the bottom of the well from the inside of the auxiliary pipe string, and sidetracking is completed under the guidance of the guidance structure. Although the diameter of the sidetrack pipe string is significantly smaller than that of the main wellbore, the sidetrack pipe can be maintained under the action of the auxiliary pipe string. The string is in a straight state, maintaining the axial drilling force of the sidetrack string and preventing the sidetrack string from bending in the main wellbore and failing to advance smoothly. When the orientation needs to be adjusted, the directional sub-joint in the micro-hole downhole directional device can receive instructions from the surface and work, driving the sidetrack string to slowly rotate and adjust the orientation, which can effectively control the orientation of the sidetrack string.

Description of the drawings

The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the micro-hole downhole directional device of the present invention in use.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the output shaft of the reduction mechanism and the slips in one embodiment of the micro-hole downhole directional device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

A micro-hole downhole directional device, please see Figure 1 and Figure 2.

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a micro-hole downhole directional device. The tool consists of at least a top-down auxiliary pipe string 1, a guide structure 2 and a sidetrack pipe penetrated inside the auxiliary pipe string 1. Column 3. Generally speaking, the auxiliary pipe string 1 and the guide structure 2 are only lowered into the main wellbore. The auxiliary pipe string 1 and the guide structure 2 are fixed in the main wellbore through seat clamps. structure, during the operation process, the auxiliary pipe string 1 and the guide structure 2 need to be lowered to the designed well depth in advance to complete the seat clamping and fixing, and then the sidetrack pipe string 3 is moved from the auxiliary pipe string 1 Go down to the bottom of the well internally, and complete sidetracking under the guidance of the guide structure 2;

Preferably, the auxiliary pipe string 1 includes a top-down rigid drill string 101, a seat clamp sub-joint 102 and a directional sub-joint 103. The rigid drill string 101 is composed of several rigid drill pipes. The quantity is related to the design well depth of the sidetrack location. In this embodiment, the seat clamp sub joint 102 and the directional sub joint 103 are the same rigid sub joint, and the rigid sub joint is connected and fixed with the upper rigid drill string 101 through threads.

The sidetrack string 3 includes a flexible drill string 4, a directional tool 5, and a drill bit 6. Under the action of the auxiliary string 1, the sidetrack string 3 can be kept in a straight state to prevent the sidetrack string 3 from being in the main wellbore 7. Curved and unable to move forward smoothly.

Further, the rigid sub-joint includes a seat clamping device composed of a liquid supply motor 1021, a hydraulic source 1022, and a hydraulic bladder 1023, and an underground directional device composed of an underground motor 1031, a reduction mechanism 1032, and slips 1033.

The hydraulic source 1022 has hydraulic fluid pre-stored inside and is connected to the hydraulic bladder 1022 through a hydraulic pipeline. The liquid supply motor 1021 is connected to the ground control center through a circuit. When a seat is required, the liquid supply motor 1021 After receiving the ground command and starting to work, part of the hydraulic fluid inside the hydraulic source 1022 is injected into the inside of the hydraulic bladder 1023 through the hydraulic pipeline. In this embodiment, the hydraulic bladder 1023 is preferably made of expandable rubber material. When the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic bladder 1023 gradually increases, the hydraulic bladder 1023 expands until it fills the entire rigid sub-joint and the main wellbore. At this time, the friction between the hydraulic bladder 1023 and the main wellbore can be used to complete the seat clamping.

Furthermore, the downhole motor 1031 is also connected to the ground control center through circuit communication. When the downhole directional device is required to work, the downhole motor 1031 receives a command from the ground and starts working. At this time, its output shaft rotates at a high speed. Since the high-speed rotation output at this time is not conducive to downhole adjustment, a reduction mechanism 1032 needs to be provided to reduce the rotation speed. In this implementation, it is preferred to provide a planetary gear reduction mechanism to output a low rotation speed. The reduction principle of the planetary gear reduction mechanism is currently a mature technology and will not be repeated here.

Preferably, the output end of the deceleration mechanism 1032 is provided with a slip 1033. The slip 1033 slowly rotates under the drive of the deceleration mechanism 1032 and further transmits the torque to the sidetrack string 3, forcing the sidetrack string 3 Spin slowly.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the output shaft of the reduction mechanism 1032 is 10321. The slip 1033 includes a sliding shaft 10331, a slider 10332, a slip ring 10333 and a slip seat 10334. The slip seat 10334 The slip ring 10333 is fixedly connected to the housing of the rigid sub-joint and supported and centered through bearings, so that the slip ring 10333 can rotate freely on the slip seat 10334. A number of slip grooves are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the slip ring 10333. As one of the preferred solutions of this embodiment, four slip grooves are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the slip ring 10333. The size of the slip grooves is the same as The sliding shaft 10331 and the sliding block 10332 are matched so that the sliding shaft 10331 can slide up and down along the axis, and the sliding block 10332 can slide freely along the radial direction.

Furthermore, the sliding shaft 10331 and the sliding block 10332 are also connected through a chute. The chute between the sliding shaft 10331 and the sliding block 10332 is preferably an inclined chute to facilitate moving the sliding shaft 10331 along the The up and down movement in the axial direction translates into the slider 10332 being able to slide freely in the radial direction.

Specifically, the principle of the sliding shaft 10331 causing the axial sliding up and down is realized through the screw structure between the sliding shaft 10331 and the output shaft 10321. Since the output shaft 10321 is fixed along the axial direction, when it rotates , the sliding shaft 10331 is forced to produce axial displacement under the action of the screw rod. When the sliding shaft 10331 moves downward, it is limited by the slip ring 10333 and under the action of the inclined chute, forcing the slider 10332 to shrink inward, that is, The sidetrack string 3 can be clamped. At this time, the screw structure reaches the dead center and can slowly transmit torque, and the sliding shaft 10331, slide block 10332, and slip ring 10333 slowly rotate accordingly.

It should be noted that the slip working method described in this embodiment is only to illustrate that the slip 1033 can realize the function of clamping the sidetrack string 3 and driving its rotation, and does not represent the specific structure of the slip 1033 or way of working.

Preferably, the rigid drill string 101, the seat clamp sub-joint 102 and the directional sub-joint 103 are provided with a through structure inside, and the through structure matches the appearance size of the sidetrack string 3 to allow sidetracking. Column 3 can be lifted up, lowered or rotated inside auxiliary pipe column 1;

Preferably, the guide structure 2 is a whipstock. During the operation, the whipstock needs to be lowered into the well first for orientation and seat clamping, so as to facilitate guiding the sidetrack string 1 to implement the sidetracking operation; The device also includes a seat clamping device composed of a number of push pieces 201 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The push pieces 201 can be in any form such as hydraulic control or electronic control.

Furthermore, the sidetrack string 3 can be any combination of tools that can satisfy the lateral directional drilling of the main wellbore, including at least a measurement and control system while drilling. The measurement and control system while drilling refers to the measurement that meets the directional measurement and control requirements. The combination of modules and control modules, including but not limited to tool face angle measurement module and near-bit attitude measurement module;

Preferably, before the sidetrack string 3 is run into the well, the auxiliary string 1 and the guide structure 2 are both stuck in the main wellbore through the seat structure. When the sidetrack string 3 is run into the directional When the sub-joint 103 is inside, the measurement and control system measures the bottom hole orientation and feeds it back to the ground control center. When the orientation needs to be adjusted, instructions are issued from the ground to make the directional sub-joint 103 work, driving the sidetrack string 3 to slowly rotate and adjust the orientation.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. Alterations and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A micro-hole downhole orientation device, characterized in that: at least comprises an auxiliary pipe column from top to bottom, a guiding structure and a sidetracking pipe column penetrating through the auxiliary pipe column; the auxiliary pipe column and the guide structure both comprise seat clamping structures, and the seat clamping and the fixation are finished by being placed in the main well hole in advance until the designed well depth is reached; the sidetracking pipe column can be lowered into the bottom of the well from the inner part of the auxiliary pipe column, and sidetracking is completed under the guidance of the guide structure.

2. A micro-hole downhole orientation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary tubular column comprises a rigid drill string, a seat clamping nipple and a directional nipple from top to bottom; the rigid drill string consists of a plurality of rigid drill rods, the seat clamping short sections and the directional short sections refer to rigid short sections comprising a seat clamping structure and/or a directional structure, and the seat clamping short sections and the directional short sections can be two independent short sections which are fixed through threaded connection or are jointly contained in the same short section.

3. A micro-hole downhole orientation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the rigid drill string, the seat clamping nipple and the directional nipple are internally provided with a through structure, and the through structure is matched with the appearance size of the sidetracking pipe string, so that the sidetracking pipe string is allowed to lift, drop or rotate in the auxiliary pipe string.

4. A micro-hole downhole orientation apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the seat card structure refers to any structure or device capable of realizing tool seat card, and the control mode can be hydraulic control or electric control, including but not limited to a telescopic pushing piece or an expandable seat card structure; the seat card structure can enable the rigid integral formed by the seat card nipple and the directional nipple to overcome torque generated by rotation of the sidetracking pipe column.

5. A micro-hole downhole orientation apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the directional structure refers to any structure or device capable of achieving clamping and rotating functions, including but not limited to hydraulic slips, and is usually arranged in a directional nipple, and when the directional structure works, a side drilling pipe column penetrating through the directional nipple can be clamped to rotate.

6. A radial directional drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the guiding structure can be a whipstock or other structures with the same type of functions, and can be firstly put into a well or put into the well together with an auxiliary tubular column in the operation process for guiding the sidetracking tubular column to realize sidetracking operation.

7. A micro-hole downhole orientation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the sidetracking pipe column is any tool combination meeting the requirement of directional drilling from the side direction of the main well bore and at least comprises a measurement and control while drilling system, and the measurement and control while drilling system is a combination of a measurement module and a control module meeting the requirement of directional measurement and control and comprises a tool face angle measurement module and a near-bit attitude measurement module.