CN116556840A - Steering device for high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Steering device for high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116556840A CN116556840A CN202310007971.8A CN202310007971A CN116556840A CN 116556840 A CN116556840 A CN 116556840A CN 202310007971 A CN202310007971 A CN 202310007971A CN 116556840 A CN116556840 A CN 116556840A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steering device
- module
- turning
- short circuit
- water jet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a steering device for radial horizontal drilling of a high-pressure water jet flow, which comprises a main guide column, wherein a turning short circuit is fixedly arranged at one side of the middle part of the main guide column, the turning short circuit comprises a fixed section and a telescopic section, and a pushing connecting rod connected with the lower part of the main guide column is further arranged on the turning short circuit, so that the turning short circuit can reciprocate and stretch along the direction vertical to the main guide column or reciprocate and rotate along the anticlockwise direction by taking one end of the turning short circuit as the center under the pushing of the pushing connecting rod; a depth positioning module and an inclination angle measuring module are sequentially arranged on the fixed section of the turning short circuit; the electric push rod, the power carrier module and the main control module are sequentially connected below the main guide column, and the main control module is used for controlling the electric push rod to ascend, descend or stop according to the instruction of the wellhead monitor and transmitting the information respectively acquired by the depth positioning module, the inclination angle measuring module and the limiting module to the wellhead monitor. The invention has reliable structure, and can drill down at one time to complete all radial horizontal wellbores.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal bed gas drilling and yield increasing transformation of coal mines, and relates to a steering device for a high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling technology and a construction method.
Background
The coal bed gas drilling industry usually adopts the improvement measures such as hydraulic fracturing, high-energy gas fracturing, high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling technology and the like to achieve the purpose of increasing yield. The hydraulic fracturing engineering cost is high, and the fracture is along the original main fracture channel and is shorter in the direction vertical to the main fracture. The high-energy gas fracturing can solve the problem of plugging removal in the near wellbore zone, but the plugging removal range is short, and the fracture system cannot be effectively communicated. The high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling technology can manually control the branch direction, so that the fracture system in each direction is effectively communicated, the near well end and the far well zone fractures are communicated, and the method has a good application prospect.
The key technologies of high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling include an ultra-short radius steering technology (the curvature radius is less than or equal to 0.3 m), a casing windowing technology and a hydraulic rock breaking technology. When the drilling hole is constructed, a vertical hole with the diameter not smaller than 0.2 m is firstly constructed and penetrates through a coal seam, the aperture of a coal seam section is enlarged to 1-2 m, then an oil pipe is used for lowering a steering device for ultra-short radius drilling to a coal seam reaming position, a gyro inclinometer is lowered onto a sitting key sleeve of the steering device from the center of the oil pipe to measure the steering position at a wellhead, the steering position is adjusted to a design requirement through rotating the oil pipe through an orifice, the gyro inclinometer is lifted, a jet head with a high-pressure hose is lowered into the steering device from the center of the oil pipe, the steering mechanism is driven by electric power to finish steering from a vertical state to a horizontal state, and then the water jet nozzle is driven by high-pressure water to cut the coal seam or rock by utilizing hydraulic power and simultaneously drive a subsequent high-pressure pipe to move forwards, so that the broken rock pore forming work in the horizontal state is finished.
The existing integrated device and method (CN 201410075674.8) for sidetrack drilling and completion of continuous oil pipes with sieve tubes are suitable for conventional horizontal well drilling with medium and short radius (radius is more than 6 meters), and cannot be suitable for radial horizontal well drilling with ultra-short radius (radius is less than or equal to 0.3 meter). The existing ultra-short radius radial horizontal well technology (CN 2128666Y, CN 2615322Y) has different defects of anchoring and steering in the well, the well steering device is pressurized and controlled by a hydraulic device at the well head through a hydraulic pipe, the operation is complex, and the steering mechanism is difficult to change the direction; the anchor is controlled by oil pipe pressing and pin, after drilling a radial horizontal well section, the pipe column must be lifted up and the pin is reinstalled again to carry out the next horizontal construction, the operation procedure is complex and the risk is large. The existing well bottom steering device for ultra-short radius horizontal well drilling and the construction method thereof (CN 105134072A) provide a purely mechanical well bottom steering device, and the anchoring, the azimuth changing and the steering actions of the well bottom pipe column are controlled by lifting, lowering and rotating the oil pipe column on the ground. The device has a complex structure, the steering of the rotary drum assembly completely depends on the action of the rotary drum fixing pin, the steering freedom degree is limited, and the fault is very easy to occur; due to the limitation of the structural size, the number of the conical guide grooves is limited, the steering number of the steering device is limited (usually 4-6), and the fine steering in any direction cannot be realized. In view of the above drawbacks, there is a need to design a steering device and construction method for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steering device for high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling and a construction method thereof.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a steering apparatus for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling comprising: the main guide column is fixedly provided with a turning short circuit at one side of the middle part of the main guide column, the turning short circuit comprises a fixed section and a telescopic section, a pushing connecting rod connected with the lower part of the main guide column is further arranged on the turning short circuit, so that the turning short circuit is pushed by the pushing connecting rod to stretch back and forth along the direction perpendicular to the main guide column or rotate back and forth along the anticlockwise direction by taking one end of the turning short circuit as the center, and a sitting key sleeve is further arranged inside the pushing connecting rod; a depth positioning module and an inclination angle measuring module are sequentially arranged on the fixed section of the turning short circuit, wherein the inclination angle measuring module is communicated with a sitting key sleeve in the pushing connecting rod, and a limiting module is arranged at the tail end of the telescopic section of the turning short circuit; the electric push rod, the power carrier module and the main control module are sequentially connected below the main guide column, and the main control module is used for controlling the electric push rod to ascend, descend or stop according to instructions of the wellhead monitor and uploading the positioning information, the inclination angle information and the limit information which are respectively acquired to the wellhead monitor through the power carrier module.
Further, the main guide column is provided with an adapter for connecting with a tubing string.
The turning nipple is arranged on the upper portion of the main guide column, the main guide column is connected with the fixed section of the turning nipple through the shear pin, and the shear pin and the main guide column are eccentrically arranged.
The pushing connecting rod is hollow and is of a double-fork structure, the tail ends of the two forks on the upper part of the pushing connecting rod are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the movable section of the turning short circuit, a strip-shaped through hole is formed in the middle of the side wall of one side of the main guide post, which is provided with the turning short circuit, and the lower end of the pushing connecting rod extends into the main guide post through the strip-shaped through hole and is connected with an electric push rod screw rod of the electric push rod.
The key sleeve is positioned at the center of the inside of the pushing connecting rod, coincides with the center of the main guide post and is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the pushing connecting rod.
The dip angle measuring module comprises a two-axis accelerometer and a signal processing circuit, and is used for measuring the dip angle of the steering device and obtaining the gesture of the steering device, the depth positioning module comprises a permanent magnet, a Hall sensor and the signal processing circuit, the permanent magnet is arranged at the rear end of the water jet nozzle, when the water jet nozzle is lowered to a turning mechanism, the N pole of the permanent magnet is communicated with the S pole on the Hall sensor circuit board, and the output signal of the depth positioning module is uploaded to a wellhead through the main control module so as to ensure that the water jet nozzle accurately enters the steering device before the steering device acts.
When the turning short circuit is pushed by the pushing connecting rod, one end of the turning short circuit is taken as the center, the turning short circuit is rotated and unfolded in the anticlockwise direction or rotated and retracted in the clockwise direction, the connecting holes of the turning short circuit and the main guide column deviate from the center line, and the connecting holes of the pushing connecting rod and the electric pushing rod deviate from the center line in the opposite direction, so that the maximum initial eccentricity is ensured.
And a reverse bow guide assembly is arranged above the transition section of the connection point of the turning nipple and the main guide post and used for reducing the blocking and friction force of the turning nipple when the high-pressure jet pipe is lifted out, and comprises a guide wheel, a chain plate and a pin shaft.
The invention also discloses an industrial control method of the steering device for the radial horizontal drilling of the high-pressure water jet, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: connecting the steering device with the oil pipe, and confirming that the steering device is not mistakenly placed into the design depth;
step 2: the method comprises the steps of loading a gyro inclinometer for azimuth measurement, determining the azimuth of a steering device, enabling the azimuth of the steering device to meet design requirements through a wellhead rotating tubular column, and lifting the gyro inclinometer;
step 3: a high-pressure water jet drilling tool is put in, and whether the high-pressure water jet nozzle enters the steering device is determined according to the output of the depth positioning module;
step 4: controlling the electric push rod to conduct power-on action, and rotating the steering device from a vertical state to a horizontal state until 90-degree steering is completed; the steering device continues to horizontally extend until the tact switch acts;
step 5: performing radial horizontal hole forming operation;
step 6: after the hole forming operation is completed, the high-pressure pipe is recovered into the turning mechanism, the spray head is determined to be retracted into the turning mechanism according to the output of the depth positioning module, the electric push rod is reversely powered, the connecting rod is pushed to move downwards to pull the steering device to recover, the steering device is folded from a horizontal state to a vertical state until 90-degree steering is completed, and the high-pressure pipe is lifted;
step 7: rotating the main guide column, changing the azimuth of the steering device, feeding the main guide column into a gyro inclinometer to measure the azimuth, determining that the azimuth meets the design requirement, lifting the gyro inclinometer, feeding a high-pressure water jet drilling tool, steering by a turning mechanism, and drilling a radial horizontal well;
repeating the steps 2 to 7 until drilling of a plurality of radial horizontal wells with different directions on the same horizontal plane is completed;
step 8: lifting the main guide column to finish drilling a plurality of radial horizontal wells on the next horizontal plane;
step 9: and (3) drilling the radial horizontal well of the whole well according to the design, and lifting the steering device.
Step 3 specifically comprises the steps of measuring by adopting a Hall position before the high-pressure pipe is put in, and determining the specific depth of the steering device; when the high-pressure water jet drilling tool is put into, when the permanent magnet on the high-pressure water jet nozzle is communicated with the magnetic pole of the Hall sensor, the depth positioning module generates an output signal which is transmitted to the ground monitor through the main control module and the power carrier module, namely the high-pressure pipe nozzle reaches a preset position;
the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: the ground monitor issues a steering control instruction, the steering control instruction is sent into the main control module through the power carrier module, the main control module controls the electric push rod to be powered on, the electric push rod drives the steering device to turn to a horizontal state from a vertical state by pushing the connecting rod, the inclination angle measurement module monitors the inclination state and limit information of the steering device in the process, if the steering device turns to meet resistance, the limit module uploads the limit information, the main control module automatically cuts off the power supply of the electric push rod after receiving the limit information, if the limit switch does not act, the electric push rod continues to push until the turning mechanism completes 90-degree steering; the electric push rod continues to be electrified and moves upwards, the connecting rod is pushed to drive the steering device to extend continuously along the horizontal direction until the tact switch encounters resistance to send out a signal, and the main control module automatically cuts off the power supply of the electric push rod after receiving the signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the well head monitoring and controlling device can monitor and control the positioning of the water jet nozzle and the steering and retracting actions of the steering device at the well head, and has simple process and convenient operation.
2. The steering device adopts an electric driving mode, and compared with a hydraulic driving and pure mechanical mode, the steering device has small volume, the turning radius is controlled within 300mm, and the turning with the minimum radius in the true sense is realized.
3. And the one-time drilling is realized, and the radial horizontal well drilling construction of a plurality of different orientations and different depths is completed.
4. The high-pressure pipe is pressurized to a set state, the high-pressure water jet nozzle starts radial horizontal well drilling construction, the coal seam cracks at the near well end and the far well end are communicated, the coal seam gas seepage mode is changed, the coal seam gas seepage area is increased, the single-well coal seam gas yield is improved, and the purpose of increasing the yield and improving the improvement of the coal seam gas drilling is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a steering device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an adapter in the steering device of the present invention;
FIGS. 3 a-3 c are schematic views illustrating a rotational motion of a three-bar linkage of another configuration in a steering device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a general construction diagram of the steering device of the present invention, the right side of which is the construction diagram of the steering device after turning is completed;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a key sleeve structure of the steering device of the present invention;
fig. 6a and 6b are schematic views of the relative positions of another structural form of the steering device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the linkage of the electric push rod and the guide post in the steering device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit configuration of an electric part of the steering device of the present invention.
The symbols in the drawings represent the following meanings:
the device comprises a 1-adapter, a 2-main guide column, a 3-turning short circuit, a 4-pushing connecting rod, a 5-reverse bow guide assembly, a 6-sitting key sleeve, a 7-electric push rod, an 8-shearing pin, a 9-main control module, a 10-power carrier module, an 11-inclination angle measurement module, a 12-depth positioning module, a 13-limiting module, a 14-electric push rod screw rod and a 15-guide wheel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, the steering device for the high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling technology comprises a mechanical part and an electrical part, wherein the mechanical part comprises a main guide column 2, a turning short circuit 3 is fixedly arranged on one side of the middle part of the main guide column 2, the turning short circuit 3 comprises a fixed section and a telescopic section, and a pushing connecting rod 4 connected with the lower part of the main guide column 2 is further arranged on the turning short circuit 3, so that the turning short circuit 3 can stretch back and forth along the direction perpendicular to the main guide column 2 or rotate and open along the anticlockwise direction by taking one end of the turning short circuit 3 as the center or rotate and retract along the clockwise direction under the pushing of the pushing connecting rod 4. A sitting key sleeve 6 is also arranged in the pushing connecting rod 4; a depth positioning module 12 and an inclination angle measuring module 11 are sequentially arranged on a fixed section of the turning short circuit 3, wherein the inclination angle measuring module 11 is communicated with a sitting key sleeve 6 inside the pushing connecting rod 4, and a limiting module 13 is arranged at the tail end of a telescopic section of the turning short circuit 3; the electric push rod 7, the power carrier module 10 and the main control module 9 are sequentially connected below the main guide column 2, the main control module 9 is used for controlling the electric push rod 7 to ascend, descend or stop according to instructions of the wellhead monitor, and the depth positioning module 12, the inclination angle measuring module 11 and the limiting module 13 are used for uploading positioning information, inclination angle information and limiting information which are respectively acquired to the wellhead monitor through the power carrier module 10.
The main guide post 2 is provided with an adapter 1, and the upper end of the adapter 1 is connected with an oil pipe. The turning nipple 3 is arranged on the upper portion of the main guide column 2, the main guide column 2 is connected with the fixed section of the turning nipple 3 through a shear pin 8, and the shear pin 8 and the main guide column 2 are eccentrically arranged. The pushing connecting rod 4 is hollow and is in a double-fork structure, the tail ends of two forks on the upper part of the pushing connecting rod are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the movable part of the turning short joint 3 through pin shafts, a strip-shaped through hole is formed in the middle of the side wall of the main guide post 2 provided with the turning short joint 3, and the lower end of the pushing connecting rod 4 extends into the main guide post 2 from the strip-shaped through hole and is connected with a jackscrew of the electric push rod 7 through the pin shafts; the sitting key sleeve 6 is positioned at the center of the inside of the pushing connecting rod 4 and fixedly connected with the outer wall of the pushing connecting rod 4. The anti-bow guide assembly 5 comprises guide wheels, chain plates and pin shafts, and the anti-bow guide assembly 5 is used for reducing the blocking and friction force of the turning nipple when the high-pressure jet pipe is started, assisting in increasing the turning nipple strength and playing a supporting role. The shear pin 8 is arranged at two positions in the whole steering device, so that the tubing string and the steering device can be smoothly separated by lifting the water injection pipe when accidents such as drilling sticking or blocking happen in the well.
Referring to fig. 1, a circuit structure diagram of each element of an electric part of a steering device of the present invention is shown, a monitor receives information uploaded by a downhole depth positioning module 12, an inclination angle measuring module 11 and a limiting module 13, and issues a control command to a main control circuit according to the received information. The main control circuit controls the forward power-on, the reverse power-on and the power-off of the electric push rod 7 according to the instruction of the monitor, so that the upward, downward or stop action of the electric push rod 7 is realized. The inclination angle measuring module 11 adopts an SCAT100T double-shaft inclination angle sensor and a signal processing circuit, and is used for measuring the inclination angle of the turning mechanism and determining the steering posture of the steering device. The inclination angle measuring module outputs 0 degrees when the steering device is in a vertical state (not operated state or retracted state), and outputs 90 degrees when the steering device rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state.
The depth positioning module 12 comprises a permanent magnet, a Hall sensor and a signal processing circuit, the permanent magnet is arranged on the water jet nozzle, when the water jet nozzle is lowered into the turning mechanism, the N pole of the permanent magnet is conducted with the S pole of the Hall sensor circuit board arranged on the turning mechanism, and an output signal of the depth positioning module 12 is uploaded to a wellhead through the main control module 9 so as to confirm that the water jet nozzle accurately enters the turning mechanism before the steering device acts.
The limit module 13 comprises a tact switch and a signal processing circuit, and in the steering process of the steering device, if the tact switch positioned at the forefront end of the turning mechanism encounters resistance in the rotating or stretching process of the turning mechanism, the limit pulse is triggered, the limit pulse is uploaded to a wellhead through limit information of the power carrier module 10, and after receiving the information, the main control module cuts off the power supply of the electric push rod so as to protect the steering device from being damaged.
The monitor, the main control circuit, the power carrier module, the inclination angle measuring module, the depth positioning module and the limiting module form a control circuit together, see fig. 1, and steering control of the mechanical structure of the steering device is achieved.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides another local equivalent transformation structure, and referring to fig. 3 and 6, when the turning short circuit 3 is pushed by the pushing connecting rod 4, the turning short circuit 3 is rotated and opened in the anticlockwise direction or rotated and retracted in the clockwise direction by taking one end of the turning short circuit 3 as the center, and the connecting hole of the turning short circuit 3 and the main guide post 2 is deviated from the center line. The middle of the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 can pass through the high-pressure spray head and the high-pressure pipe, the turning short circuit 3 is fixed on the guide post by a pin shaft, the pin shaft and the guide post have certain eccentric moment, the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 can slide relatively, and the purpose is that the pushing connecting rod 4 can slide out continuously from the turning short circuit 3 after the 90-degree rotation is completed, and the lifting distance of the spray head is longer. The connecting holes of the push rod 4 and the electric push rod 7 are offset from the center line in opposite directions for ensuring the maximum initial eccentricity.
The following is a detailed procedure for two structures of the invention, respectively:
when the overall structure of the present invention is the structure of fig. 1, the operation process is as follows;
1. the oil pipe adapter 1 of the steering device is connected with an oil pipe column and a power supply cable well before the steering device is put into a well.
2. After the gyroscope is lowered to a preset depth, a gyroscope is lowered from the oil pipe column, a gyroscope guide shoe is in butt joint with a sitting key sleeve 6 of a steering device, the steering direction of the turning nipple 3 is measured, the oil pipe column is rotated through a wellhead to enable the steering direction to reach the design requirement, and the gyroscope is started.
3. And when the high-pressure water jet nozzle passes through the depth positioning module 12 on the turning short circuit 3, the depth positioning module 12 outputs a signal, the main control module 9 receives the signal and uploads the wellhead monitor through the power carrier module 10, and a wellhead operator confirms that the high-pressure water jet nozzle accurately enters the turning short circuit 3.
4. The well head operating personnel sends control command to the main control module 9 through the power carrier module 10, the main control module 9 starts the electric push rod 7, the electric push rod 7 drives the pushing connecting rod lead screw to drive the turning nipple 3 to start steering action, in the process, the information of the inclination angle measuring module 11 and the limiting module 13 is uploaded to the well head monitor through the power carrier module 9 at the same time so as to be monitored in real time by the well head until the turning nipple 3 is in a horizontal state, the inclination angle measuring output is 90 degrees, the turning nipple 3 finishes steering action at the moment, the main control module 9 cuts off the power supply of the electric push rod 7, and the electric push rod 7 stops acting.
5. The high-pressure water jet nozzle starts the subsequent horizontal drilling operation.
6. After the high-pressure water jet nozzle completes the operation and drills, a wellhead operator controls the main control module 9 to reversely supply power to the electric push rod 7 through the power carrier module 10, the electric push rod 7 drives the pushing connecting rod screw rod to drive the turning nipple 3 to start turning and withdrawing actions, in the process, information of the inclination angle measuring module 11 and the limiting module 13 is uploaded through the power carrier module 10 at the same time, so that the wellhead is monitored in real time until the turning nipple 3 is in a vertical state, the inclination angle measuring output is 0 DEG, the turning nipple 3 completes the turning and withdrawing actions at the moment, the main control module 9 cuts off the power supply of the electric push rod 7, and the electric push rod 7 stops acting.
7. The oil pipe column is rotated through the wellhead so that the steering direction reaches the design requirement, the steering and retracting operation is repeated, and the steering and construction of a plurality of radial wells with different directions and the same depth can be completed;
8. and then the oil pipe column is lowered or lifted, and all the operations are continuously repeated, so that the steering and construction of the radial wells with multiple directions on different horizontal planes are completed.
When the present invention is the partial replacement structure of fig. 6 and 7, the operation is as follows;
1. because various testing tools, spray heads, high-pressure pipes and the like must pass through the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4, the passing performance of the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 is considered in design, the maximum outer diameter is shown at a spray head shield, the outer diameter is phi 49mm, the core parts of the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 are processed into inner holes with the inner diameter phi 52mm, and the joint parts of the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 are matched in a smooth way; the inclinometer tool and the spray head can smoothly pass through when vertically falling;
2. due to the trafficability requirement, the turning short circuit 3 and the inner hole of the pushing connecting rod 4 can be regarded as integration; because the pushing connecting rod 4 needs to be pulled out from the turning short circuit 3, the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 are matched by using an outer cylinder and a round hole, so that the pushing connecting rod 4 is convenient to pull out;
3. a spring (pressure spring) is arranged between the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4, and the purpose of the spring is to play an auxiliary role in adding force when the pushing connecting rod 4 returns after being pulled out, and the spring is fixed on the turning short circuit 3 by an extension screw rod;
4. the connecting holes of the turning short circuit 3 and the main guide post 2 deviate from the central line, the connecting holes of the pushing connecting rod 4 and the electric push rod 7 deviate from the central line in the other direction, and the deviation of the sum of the connecting holes provides the maximum initial eccentricity for turning;
5. after the rotation is completed by 90 degrees, the high-pressure pipe has a certain bending radius, so the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 open the inner circle into an open slot at one part, the width is 51mm, the opening is two, firstly, the high-pressure pipe can slide out of the slot during operation, the curvature radius of the high-pressure pipe is relatively increased, secondly, the high-pressure pipe can slide out of the slot in advance to realize turning when the spray head is recovered, and the high-pressure pipe is favorable to being lifted out;
6. the upper part of the electric push rod 7 is connected with the pushing connecting rod 4 by two half pins, and the lower end is connected with the central rod of the electric push rod 7.
7. The electric push rod 7, the main guide post 2, the turning short circuit 3 and the pushing connecting rod 4 have a natural included angle of 3 degrees, and because the electric push rod is not connected at the tail end of the connecting rod, a fork-shaped structure is adopted in order to avoid interference in the rotating process;
8. the sitting key sleeve 6 is positioned in the middle of the electric rod 7, and because of the requirement of the guide shoe, the sitting key sleeve 6 and the electric push rod 7 form an included angle of 3 degrees, so that the center of the guiding post is overlapped with the center naturally after assembly, the guide shoe can be smoothly drawn in, and the azimuth measurement is ensured;
9. the electric push rod 7 is positioned at the lower end of the main guide post 2, is fixed by an outer sleeve and is connected with a sealing connecting sleeve.
The invention also provides an industrial control method of the steering device for the radial horizontal drilling of the high-pressure water jet, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: connecting the steering device with the oil pipe, and confirming that the steering device is not mistakenly placed into the design depth;
step 2: the method comprises the steps of loading a gyro inclinometer for azimuth measurement, determining the azimuth of a steering device, enabling the azimuth of the steering device to meet design requirements through a wellhead rotating tubular column, and lifting the gyro inclinometer;
step 3: a high-pressure water jet drilling tool is put in, and whether the high-pressure water jet nozzle enters the steering device is determined according to the output of the depth positioning module; and a high-pressure water jet drilling tool is put into the pipe column, when the high-pressure water jet drilling tool passes through the turning connecting rod, the permanent magnet N arranged on the water jet nozzle is conducted with the S pole of the Hall sensor circuit board arranged on the turning mechanism, the output signal of the depth positioning module is uploaded to the wellhead, and the fact that the water jet nozzle accurately enters the turning mechanism at the moment is determined.
Step 4: the electric push rod 7 is controlled to be electrified, and the steering device rotates from a vertical state to a horizontal state until 90-degree steering is completed; the steering device continues to horizontally extend until the tact switch acts; the monitor issues a steering control instruction, the main control circuit controls the electric push rod to be powered on, the electric push rod drives the turning mechanism to turn to a horizontal state from a vertical state by pushing the connecting rod, the inclination angle measurement module monitors the inclination state of the turning mechanism in the process, the limit module monitors whether the turning process is blocked, if the limit module sends out limit pulse, the monitor issues a power-off instruction after receiving limit information, the main control circuit automatically cuts off the power supply of the electric push rod, if the limit module does not output limit pulse, the electric push rod continues to push until the turning mechanism completes 90-degree steering, and the electric push rod 7 is powered on to generate thrust forceWherein eta is the transmission efficiency of the electric push rod, epsilon is the transmission ratio of the electric push rod, P is the input power (kw) of the electric push rod, q is the lead (mm/r) of the electric push rod, and n is the rotating speed (r/min) of the motor of the electric push rod until the inclination angle of the inclination angle module is>The output value is 90 degrees; the electric push rod continues to be electrified and moves upwards, the pushing connecting rod drives the movable part of the turning mechanism to continuously extend forwards along the horizontal direction until the tact switch touches the well wall to send out limit pulse, and the monitor sends out a power-off instruction to the main control circuit to cut off the power supply of the electric push rod.
Step 5: performing radial horizontal hole forming operation;
step 6: after the hole forming operation is completed, the high-pressure pipe is recovered into the turning mechanism, the spray head is determined to be retracted into the turning mechanism according to the output of the depth positioning module, the electric push rod 7 is reversely powered, the connecting rod 4 is pushed to move downwards to pull the steering device to recover, the steering device is folded from a horizontal state to a vertical state until 90-degree steering is completed, and the high-pressure pipe is lifted;
step 7: rotating the main guide post 2, changing the azimuth of the steering device, feeding the main guide post into a gyro inclinometer to measure the azimuth, determining that the azimuth meets the design requirement, lifting the gyro inclinometer, feeding a high-pressure water jet drilling tool, steering by a turning mechanism, and drilling a radial horizontal well;
repeating the steps 2 to 7 until drilling of a plurality of radial horizontal wells with different directions on the same horizontal plane is completed;
step 8: lifting the main guide column (2) to finish drilling a plurality of radial horizontal wells on the next horizontal plane;
step 9: and (3) drilling the radial horizontal well of the whole well according to the design, and lifting the steering device.
The invention ensures that the steering action of the high-pressure water jet nozzle in the well can be monitored and controlled by the ground monitor, has simple operation and reliable structure, and can drill down at one time to finish all radial horizontal wellbores.
It is to be clearly understood that the above description and illustration is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the disclosure, application or use of the invention. Although embodiments have been described in the embodiments and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the specific examples illustrated by the drawings and described in the embodiments as the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the teachings of the invention, and the scope of the invention will include any embodiments falling within the foregoing specification and the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A steering apparatus for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling comprising: main steering column (2), its characterized in that: a turning short circuit (3) is fixedly arranged on one side of the middle part of the main guide column (2), the turning short circuit (3) comprises a fixed section and a telescopic section, a pushing connecting rod (4) connected with the lower part of the main guide column (2) is further arranged on the turning short circuit (3), and therefore the turning short circuit (3) is pushed by the pushing connecting rod (4) to stretch back and forth along the direction perpendicular to the main guide column (2) or rotate and open along the anticlockwise direction or rotate and retract along the clockwise direction, and a sitting key sleeve (6) is further arranged inside the pushing connecting rod (4); a depth positioning module (12) and an inclination angle measuring module (11) are sequentially arranged on a fixed section of the turning short circuit (3), wherein the inclination angle measuring module (11) is communicated with a sitting key sleeve (6) inside the pushing connecting rod (4), and a limiting module (13) is arranged at the tail end of a telescopic section of the turning short circuit (3); an electric push rod (7), a power carrier module (10) and a main control module (9) are sequentially connected below the main guide column (2), and the main control module (9) is used for controlling the electric push rod (7) to ascend, descend or stop according to instructions of a wellhead monitor and uploading positioning information, inclination angle information and limit information which are respectively acquired to the wellhead monitor through the power carrier module (10) by a depth positioning module (12), an inclination angle measuring module (11) and a limit module (13).
2. A steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main guide column (2) is provided with an adapter (1) for connecting with a tubing string.
3. A steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the turning nipple (3) is arranged on the upper portion of the main guide column (2), the main guide column (2) is connected with a fixed section of the turning nipple (3) through a shear pin (8), and the shear pin (8) and the main guide column (2) are eccentrically arranged.
4. A steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the pushing connecting rod (4) is hollow and is of a double-fork structure, the tail ends of two forks on the upper portion of the pushing connecting rod are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the movable section of the turning short circuit (3), a strip-shaped through hole is formed in the middle of one side wall of the turning short circuit (3) arranged on the main guide column (2), and the lower end of the pushing connecting rod (4) extends into the main guide column (2) through the strip-shaped through hole and is connected with an electric push rod screw (14) of the electric push rod (7).
5. A steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the sitting key sleeve (6) is positioned at the central position inside the pushing connecting rod (4), coincides with the center of the main guide post (2), and is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the pushing connecting rod (4).
6. Steering device for radial horizontal drilling of high pressure water jets according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: the dip angle measuring module (11) comprises a biaxial accelerometer and a signal processing circuit, and is used for measuring the dip angle of the steering device and obtaining the posture of the steering device, the depth positioning module (12) comprises a permanent magnet, a Hall sensor and the signal processing circuit, the permanent magnet is arranged at the rear end of the water jet nozzle, when the water jet nozzle is lowered to a turning mechanism, the N pole of the permanent magnet is conducted with the S pole on the Hall sensor circuit board, and an output signal of the depth positioning module (12) is uploaded to a wellhead through the main control module (9) so as to ensure that the water jet nozzle accurately enters the steering device before the steering device acts.
7. A steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the turning short circuit (3) is pushed by the pushing connecting rod (4), one end of the turning short circuit (3) is taken as the center, the turning short circuit is rotated and opened in the anticlockwise direction or rotated and retracted in the clockwise direction, the connecting hole of the turning short circuit (3) and the main guide post (2) deviates from the center line, and the connecting hole of the pushing connecting rod (4) and the electric push rod (7) deviates from the center line in the opposite direction, so that the maximum initial eccentricity is ensured.
8. A steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a reverse bow guide assembly (5) is arranged above the transition section of the connection point of the turning nipple (3) and the main guide column (2) and used for reducing the blocking and friction force of the turning nipple (3) when the high-pressure jet pipe is lifted out, and the reverse bow guide assembly (5) comprises a guide wheel, a chain plate and a pin shaft.
9. An industrial control method using the steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: connecting the steering device with the oil pipe, and confirming that the steering device is not mistakenly placed into the design depth;
step 2: the method comprises the steps of loading a gyro inclinometer for azimuth measurement, determining the azimuth of a steering device, enabling the azimuth of the steering device to meet design requirements through a wellhead rotating tubular column, and lifting the gyro inclinometer;
step 3: a high-pressure water jet drilling tool is put in, and whether the high-pressure water jet nozzle enters the steering device is determined according to the output of the depth positioning module;
step 4: controlling the electric push rod (7) to conduct power-on action, and rotating the steering device from a vertical state to a horizontal state until 90-degree steering is completed; the steering device continues to horizontally extend until the tact switch acts;
step 5: performing radial horizontal hole forming operation;
step 6: after the pore-forming operation is completed, the high-pressure pipe is recovered into the turning mechanism, the spray head is determined to be retracted into the turning mechanism according to the output of the depth positioning module, the electric push rod (7) is reversely powered to push the connecting rod (4) to move downwards to pull the steering device to recover, the steering device is folded from a horizontal state to a vertical state until 90-degree steering is completed, and the high-pressure pipe is lifted;
step 7: rotating a main guide column (2), changing the azimuth of a steering device, lowering a gyro inclinometer to measure the azimuth, determining that the azimuth meets the design requirement, lifting the gyro inclinometer, lowering a high-pressure water jet drilling tool, steering by a turning mechanism, and drilling a radial horizontal well;
repeating the steps 2 to 7 until drilling of a plurality of radial horizontal wells with different directions on the same horizontal plane is completed;
step 8: lifting the main guide column (2) to finish drilling a plurality of radial horizontal wells on the next horizontal plane;
step 9: and (3) drilling the radial horizontal well of the whole well according to the design, and lifting the steering device.
10. An industrial control method for a steering device for high pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling as claimed in claim 9, wherein:
step 3 specifically comprises the steps of measuring by adopting a Hall position before the high-pressure pipe is put in, and determining the specific depth of the steering device; when the high-pressure water jet drilling tool is put into, when the permanent magnet on the high-pressure water jet drilling tool is connected with the magnetic poles of the Hall sensor, the depth positioning module (12) generates output signals which are transmitted to the ground monitor through the main control module (9) and the power carrier module (10), namely the high-pressure pipe nozzle reaches a preset position;
the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: the ground monitor issues a steering control instruction, the steering control instruction is sent into a main control module (9) through a power carrier module (10), the main control module (9) controls an electric push rod (7) to be powered on, the electric push rod (7) drives a steering device to turn to a horizontal state from a vertical state by pushing a connecting rod (4), in the process, an inclination angle measurement module (11) monitors the inclination state and limit information of the steering device, if the steering device turns to meet resistance, a limit module (13) uploads the limit information, the main control module (9) automatically cuts off a power supply of the electric push rod (7) after receiving the limit information, if the limit switch does not act, the electric push rod (7) continues to push until a turning mechanism finishes 90-degree steering; the electric push rod (7) continues to be electrified and moves upwards, the connecting rod (4) is pushed to drive the steering device to extend continuously along the horizontal direction until the tact switch encounters resistance to send out a signal, and the main control module (9) automatically cuts off the power supply of the electric push rod (7) after receiving the signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310007971.8A CN116556840A (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Steering device for high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling and construction method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310007971.8A CN116556840A (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Steering device for high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling and construction method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116556840A true CN116556840A (en) | 2023-08-08 |
Family
ID=87488599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310007971.8A Pending CN116556840A (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Steering device for high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling and construction method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116556840A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-01-04 CN CN202310007971.8A patent/CN116556840A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8770316B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for high pressure radial pulsed jetting of lateral passages from vertical to horizontal wellbores | |
| CA2385426C (en) | Method and device for moving a tube in a borehole in the ground | |
| CA2794324C (en) | Horizontal waterjet drilling method | |
| CN103375140A (en) | Radial horizontal well orienting device and method for operating same | |
| CN114109249B (en) | Ultra-short radius radial drilling string, system and method for coiled tubing flexible drill pipe | |
| CN109763857B (en) | Water jet dense comb-shaped drilling type outburst elimination pre-extraction treatment method for coal seam gas to be tunneled | |
| CN105089499B (en) | Underground coal mine waterpower sprays tree-shaped drilling guide device and guidance method | |
| CN116065948A (en) | Electric drilling device, drilling system and drilling method for ultra-deep well | |
| CN104912479A (en) | Method for drilling and completion of horizontal branched well for coal bed gas | |
| CN106837171B (en) | A kind of compact reservoir radial direction boring means external member | |
| KR101448294B1 (en) | direction controllable boring method and apparatus for boring | |
| CN201763241U (en) | Bushing & drilling-in dual purpose drilling machine | |
| CN116378590B (en) | Drilling system for deep coring | |
| CN116556840A (en) | Steering device for high-pressure water jet radial horizontal drilling and construction method thereof | |
| KR102332783B1 (en) | Radial rock base undergroud well drilling system | |
| CN103015898B (en) | Mining hydraulic power operation machine | |
| CN110630182B (en) | Hydraulic jet drilling small-radius radial slewing device and method | |
| CN105625945B (en) | Drilling equipment and its boring method for low permeability reservoir | |
| CN202596577U (en) | Radial horizontal well orienting device | |
| CN114233196B (en) | Construction device and construction method for underground space communication channel | |
| CN114016910B (en) | Elastic bending joint directional underground coal mine directional drilling device and method | |
| CN112983274B (en) | Rotary guide type two-stage down-the-hole hammer drill | |
| CN214247216U (en) | Horizontal drilling stabilizer of flexible drill column for ultra-short radius horizontal drilling | |
| CN112127797B (en) | Convertible drill bit and drilling tool combination and method for directional drilling of underground coal mine | |
| CN202926211U (en) | Mining hydraulic working machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |