CN117447006A - Mine leaching pollution buffer belt and application thereof - Google Patents
Mine leaching pollution buffer belt and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117447006A CN117447006A CN202311398152.7A CN202311398152A CN117447006A CN 117447006 A CN117447006 A CN 117447006A CN 202311398152 A CN202311398152 A CN 202311398152A CN 117447006 A CN117447006 A CN 117447006A
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- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241001290773 Acidiphilium acidophilum Species 0.000 description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 sulfide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- JAQXDZTWVWLKGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Al+3].[Fe+2] Chemical compound [O-2].[Al+3].[Fe+2] JAQXDZTWVWLKGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 241000266272 Acidithiobacillus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000605118 Thiobacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/62—Heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/62—Heavy metal compounds
- C02F1/64—Heavy metal compounds of iron or manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A mine leaching pollution buffer zone and application thereof belong to the technical field of mine pollution control and overcome the defect that the prior art is not applicable to mines, steep slopes and other lands in exploitation and can not prevent continuous pollution to surrounding soil and water in the exploitation process or leaching water accumulation process. The mine leaching pollution buffer zone comprises a water storage zone, a deceleration pretreatment zone, a nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption zone which are sequentially arranged. The invention adopts a construction mode of a multi-layer pollution blocking belt, can realize simultaneous blocking of metal pollutants and nonmetal pollutants, and simultaneously improves the pH value of leaching water, kills acidophilic bacteria, filters ferrous ions and avoids terminal regeneration of acidic leaching water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine pollution control, and particularly relates to a mine leaching pollution buffer zone and application thereof.
Background
The development of mineral resources makes an important contribution to the economic development of China, and simultaneously forms a large number of abandoned lands such as exposed mountain bodies, tailing ponds and the like, so that a series of ecological environment problems are brought, particularly, when some sulfur-containing metal mines, coal mines, phosphorus mines and the like are leached out by long-term rain water, a large number of pollutants such as heavy metals, acidic substances, phosphorus and the like can be dissolved out, surrounding fields and water bodies are seriously polluted, and the later treatment difficulty is high and the cost is high.
In the existing treatment system, in order to treat mine shower pollution, the following two aspects are mainly used: (1) The method can reduce the dissolution of pollutants to a great extent, but is not applicable to mines in exploitation and steep slopes, waste stone piles and other places formed by exploitation. (2) The method has low cost and wide application, but can not prevent continuous pollution to surrounding soil and water body in the exploitation process or leaching water accumulation process, and still belongs to the category of pollution-before-treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects that the prior art is not applicable to mines, steep slopes and other lands in exploitation and can not prevent continuous pollution to surrounding soil and water in the exploitation process or leaching water accumulation process, thereby providing a mine leaching pollution buffer belt and application thereof.
For this purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a mine leaching pollution buffer zone, which comprises a water storage zone, a deceleration pretreatment zone, a nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption zone which are sequentially arranged.
Further, the water storage belt comprises an excavation, and waste stones are arranged on one side, close to the deceleration pretreatment belt, of the excavation.
The waste stone has strong water permeability, and the water storage belt can also play a role in fixing the deceleration pretreatment belt.
Preferably, the waste rock is mining area waste rock;
preferably, the grain size of the waste rock material is 3-5 cm;
preferably, the waste rock is limestone;
preferably, the waste rock is free of metal minerals and sulphides.
Further, the deceleration pretreatment belt comprises, by mass, 40-60 parts of anaerobic digestion biogas residues, 10-20 parts of composite biochar and 3-7 parts of foaming agent.
Further, the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt comprises, by mass, 30-50 parts of dried water supply sludge, 20-40 parts of steel slag A, 10-20 parts of alkaline buffer, 3-5 parts of guar gum and 3-5 parts of borax.
Further, the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption band comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of biochar B, 20-40 parts of steel slag B and 10-20 parts of cement.
Further, the composite biochar is prepared from sulfate reducing bacteria and biochar A according to the proportion of 1-2: 10 to 15 mass ratio;
preferably, the particle diameter of the biochar A is 0.3-0.5 cm, and the specific surface area is 600-1500 m 2 /g；
Further, the foaming agent comprises at least one of calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate;
further, the particle size of the foaming agent is less than 0.1mm;
further, the deceleration pretreatment zone has saturated water content>95%, pH value 7-8, water penetration rate<3×10 - 4 cm/s；
Further, after the raw materials of the deceleration pretreatment belt are mixed, the coating maintenance is carried out for 5 to 10 days;
the anaerobic digestion biogas residue is a product obtained by performing anaerobic digestion treatment on sludge and dehydrating and drying. The anaerobic digestion biogas residue is rich in anaerobic microorganisms. Further, the water content of the anaerobic digestion biogas residue is 30-50wt%, the particle size is less than 1cm, the pH value is 6-8, the organic matter content is 15-30wt%, and the saturated water content is more than 80wt%.
Further, the nonmetallic adsorptive precipitation zone satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
(1) In the drying water supply sludge, the total content of aluminum salt and ferric salt is more than 20wt%, the water content is less than 30wt%, and the organic matter content is less than 10wt%; the desiccation water supply sludge refers to sludge produced in a water supply plant;
(2) The grain diameter of the steel slag A is less than 1mm;
(3) The alkaline buffer is powdery calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate;
(4) The alkaline buffer particle size is <0.5mm.
Further, the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption zone satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
(1) The particle diameter of the biochar B is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the specific surface area is 600-1500 m 2 /g；
(2) The grain diameter of the steel slag B is 1-3 mm.
Further, the height of the water storage belt is 25-40 cm;
further, the width of the water storage belt is 40-70 cm; the width of the water storage belt can be set according to the length of the slope and the local conventional daily rainfall.
Further, the laying height of the deceleration pretreatment belt is 30-45 cm, and preferably, the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt is 5-10 cm lower than the bottom of the water storage belt;
further, the width of the deceleration pretreatment belt is 20-40 cm;
further, the laying height of the nonmetallic adsorption sedimentation belt is 25-40 cm, and preferably, the bottom of the nonmetallic adsorption sedimentation belt is 5-10 cm lower than the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt;
further, the width of the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt is 30-40 cm;
further, the paving height of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt is 25-40 cm, and preferably, the bottom of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt is 5-10 cm lower than the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt;
further, the width of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption band is 40-60 cm;
the width of each band in the present invention refers to the length that is horizontally disposed in fig. 1; the height of each band refers to the top-to-bottom distance of the corresponding band.
Further, the deceleration pretreatment belt, the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt and the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt are distributed in a stepped manner along the water flow direction; preferably, the tops of two adjacent belts are lowered by 5-10 cm in sequence, and the raised parts are fixed by waste stones.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an application of the mine leaching pollution buffer zone in mines, wherein a water storage zone, a deceleration pretreatment zone, a nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption zone in the mine leaching pollution buffer zone are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction of sewage to be purified.
The steel slag A is smelting waste from a smelting plant and is alkaline slag, the grain size is less than 1mm, and the total mass of CaO, iron and iron aluminum oxide accounts for more than 30% of the mass content of the steel slag A.
The steel slag B is smelting waste from a smelting plant and is alkaline slag with the particle size of 1-3 mm, wherein the total mass of silicate minerals and ferric oxide accounts for more than 50% of the mass content of the steel slag B, and the structure is loose and porous.
The oxygen content is less than 5% after the film is covered and maintained, and the sulfate reducing bacteria content is more than 1.5 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the surface layer of the deceleration pretreatment belt is covered with a waterproof film, so that rainwater which does not need to be treated during rainfall is prevented from entering.
The mine leaching pollution buffer zone is arranged at the bottom of a mine mountain foot, a mine slope or between a landed mine and surrounding fields and water bodies, and is used for treating sewage before the sewage flows into the fields and the water bodies.
The treated mine is a mine in which acidic leaching water, heavy metals, phosphates, sulfates and other pollutants can be generated by pyrite, coal mine, phosphorite and the like; the pH value of the acid wastewater is less than 4.5, and the heavy metal types comprise: cu, pb, zn, cd, mn, etc.
The pH value of the leaching water is obviously raised to between 4.5 and 6 after the leaching water is subjected to a deceleration pretreatment zone, and the content reduction amplitude of the acidophilic thiobacillus and the sulfate is respectively more than 70 percent and more than 40 percent.
The nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt can be used for adsorbing and precipitating nonmetallic pollutants such as sulfide ions, phosphate radicals and the like, and the adsorption efficiency is respectively more than 70% and more than 40%. Guar gum and borax are crosslinked to form reversible gel, and the reversible gel is used for controlling the speed of acidic water (pH is less than 5.5), and the permeation speed can be reduced by more than 30% under the acidic condition, so that the reaction time is improved.
The heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption band can effectively prevent acid solution from being washed, the final removal efficiency of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption band on Cu, pb, zn, cd, mn and other heavy metal pollutants is more than 90%, the final removal rate of Fe is more than 75%, and the pH value of leaching water is between 6 and 7.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the mine leaching pollution buffer zone comprises a water storage zone, a deceleration pretreatment zone, a nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption zone which are sequentially arranged.
The invention has the conventional source treatment or terminal soil/water treatment modes of mine treatment, is more suitable for pollution control of mines or waste lands with larger gradient in exploitation from process treatment, greatly reduces the pollution risk of soil and water by reducing pollutants, and reduces terminal treatment cost; the invention adopts a construction mode of a multi-layer pollution blocking belt, can realize simultaneous blocking of metal pollutants and nonmetal pollutants, and simultaneously improves the pH value of leaching water, kills acidophilic bacteria, filters ferrous ions and avoids terminal regeneration of acidic leaching water.
2. The leaching pollution blocking material used in the invention is mostly solid waste, including sludge anaerobic digestion biogas residues, steel slag, dried water supply sludge and the like, and the leaching pollution blocking material is combined with mine pollution control, so that the utilization rate of solid waste resources can be greatly improved, the purpose of treating waste with waste is realized, and the treatment cost of solid waste and the mine treatment cost are reduced.
3. The working principle and the specific effect of the deceleration pretreatment belt are as follows: (1) The sludge anaerobic digestion biogas residues are used as main materials, and the extremely high water saturation rate and low permeability of the sludge anaerobic digestion biogas residues are used as deceleration strips, so that the overall residence time of leaching water in a buffer zone is improved, and the leaching water fully reacts with each material; in addition, the biogas residue is rich in a large amount of anaerobic microorganisms and ammonium ions, is in a deep reduction state, and can inhibit oxidation of ferrous iron and sulfide ions and inhibit growth of acidophilic bacteria; (2) On one hand, the biological carbon compounded by sulfate reducing bacteria is used for reducing the toxic action of dissolved oxygen and heavy metals in leaching water on thiobacillus acidophilus by utilizing the protection effect of the biological carbon; on the other hand, the composite material can be used as a sulfate reducing bacteria growth matrix to accelerate the growth and propagation of the sulfate reducing bacteria so as to decompose sulfate ions to the greatest extent and inhibit acidophilic bacteria. (3) By using a proper amount of calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate as a foaming agent, the foaming agent can react with leaching water, raise the pH value and drive oxygen, and can form tiny non-communicated cavities in biogas residues, so that the saturated content of leaching water is improved, and the retention time is further improved.
4. The working principle and the specific effect of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt are as follows: (1) The dried water supply sludge contains a large amount of iron-aluminum coagulation medicaments, and has extremely strong flocculation and precipitation effects on pollutants such as phosphate radicals, sulfide ions, sulfate radicals, ammonia nitrogen and the like under weak alkaline conditions; (2) The sieved fine-grained steel slag contains a large amount of CaO and reduced iron, and the combination of the alkaline buffer can construct a weak alkaline environment for leaching water in the stage, so that the pH value is further improved, and the alkaline buffer can be subjected to adsorption precipitation reaction with sulfur ions to reduce the concentration of the sulfur ions.
5. The working principle and the specific effect of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt are as follows: (1) The deceleration pretreatment zone and the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone can adsorb a part of heavy metals, but most (> 60%) of the heavy metals are still in leaching water, and the pH of the leaching water is raised to above 6 at this time, so that the leaching water can be easily adsorbed and precipitated by steel slag and biochar. (2) The specific surface area of the steel slag and the biochar is large, the steel slag and the biochar are loose and porous, and various heavy metal ions in the leached water can be removed with high efficiency through physical adsorption and chemical adsorption after being combined according to a proportion.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mine leaching pollution buffer zone according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-mine slope; 2-a water storage belt; 3-waste rock material; 4-a deceleration pretreatment zone; 5-nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zones; 6-heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption band.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any product which is the same or similar to the present invention, whether in light of the present teachings or in combination with other prior art features, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions are not noted in the examples and may be followed by the operations or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional reagent products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a mine leaching pollution buffer zone, which is shown in fig. 1, and is simultaneously applied to leaching pollution control of mountain acid pyrite mountain residue soil piles, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The maximum penetration depth of soil on the surface of the mine residue soil pile is measured to be about 28cm after rain, and the contents of Cu, pb and Cd in the leaching ponding of the toe are measured to be 560 mug/L, 410 mug/L and 12.8 mug/L respectively, the pH value is 3.3, the content of thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.42 hundred million/L, and the total sulfur and phosphorus contents are 4.9mg/L and 0.3mg/L respectively.
(2) Setting a water storage belt 2: the slope length of the mine slope surface 1 is about 45m, the local rainfall is moderate, the height (namely the depth) of the excavated water storage belt 2 is 30cm, the width (horizontal direction) is 50cm, the length (vertical water flow direction) is 10m, and the side, close to the deceleration pretreatment belt 4, of the water storage belt 2 is filled with waste stones 3 with the width of 15 cm. The waste rock material of this embodiment is limestone.
(3) A deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is arranged: the height is 35cm, the width is 30cm, and the length is consistent with the water storage belt 2. The deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is arranged next to the water storage belt 2, the top of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is flush with the top of the water storage belt 2, and the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the water storage belt 2. 50 parts of anaerobic digestion biogas residue (water content 35.6%, pH value 6.8 and particle size) are taken<1cm, 21.4% of organic matter content, 90% of saturated water content and 15 parts of composite biochar (prepared from sulfate reducing bacteria and biochar A according to the weight ratio of 1:10 mass ratio; the grain diameter of the biochar A is 0.4-0.5 cm, and the specific surface area is 600-1100 m 2 Per g), 5 parts calcite powder (particle size<0.1 mm), and after uniform mixing, filling and slightly compacting. After 7 days of film curing, the pH value of the deceleration pretreatment zone was measured to be 7.3, and the water permeation rate was measured to be 1.7X10 -4 cm/s, 98% of saturated water content, 3.9% of oxygen content and 2.9 hundred million/g of sulfate reducing bacteria.
(4) A nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt 5 is arranged: the height is 35cm, the width is 30cm, and the length is 10m. The nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone 5 is arranged next to the deceleration pretreatment zone 4, the top of the metallic adsorption precipitation zone 5 is 5cm lower than the top of the deceleration pretreatment zone 4, and the bottom of the metallic adsorption precipitation zone 5 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment zone 4. 30 parts of dried feed water sludge (the total content of aluminum salt and ferric salt is 27.4%, the water content is 25.3%, the organic matter content is 6.5%), 20 parts of fine-grained steel slag A (the grain size is less than 1mm, the total mass ratio of CaO, iron and iron aluminum oxide is 37.2%), 20 parts of calcium carbonate powder (the grain size is less than 0.5 mm), 3 parts of guar gum and 3 parts of borax are taken, mixed uniformly, filled and lightly compacted.
(5) And (3) arranging a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt 6: the height is 35cm, the width is 55cm, and the length is 10m. The heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption band 6 is arranged close to the nonmetal adsorption precipitation band 5, the top of the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption band 6 is 5cm lower than the top of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation band 5, and the bottom of the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption band 6 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation band 5. 25 parts of biochar B (particle diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm, specific surface area of 1000-1500 m) is taken 2 30 parts of coarse-grain steel slag B (particle size is 1-3 mm, the total mass ratio of silicate minerals and ferric oxide is 52.7 percent), 20 parts of cement, uniformly mixing and filling, naturally placing, drying and solidifying to form the porous material with the porosity of about 30 percent.
(6) And a water intake A, a water intake B and a water intake C are respectively reserved behind the contact position surface of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 and the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5, the contact surface of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5 and the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption belt 6, and the length and the width are 5cm.
(7) The water leaching Cu, pb and Cd content in the water intake A is 452 mug/L, 347 mug/L and 10 mug/L respectively, the pH value is 4.8, the content of the thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.16 hundred million/L, and the total sulfur and phosphorus content is 4.5mg/L and 0.5mg/L respectively. The water intake B contains water Cu, pb and Cd of 292 mug/L, 231 mug/L and 7.6 mug/L, pH value of 6.4, and Acidithiobacillus content of 0.06 hundred million/L, total sulfur and phosphorus content of 1.3mg/L and 0.2mg/L respectively. The water intake C contains 37.9 mug/L, 21.4 mug/L and 2.3 mug/L of leaching water Cu, pb and Cd, the pH value is 6.6, the content of Acidithiobacillus is 0.05 hundred million/L, and the total sulfur and phosphorus contents are 1.0mg/L and 0.2mg/L respectively. The water quality of the effluent is obviously improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a mine leaching pollution buffer zone, as shown in fig. 1, the mine leaching pollution buffer zone of the embodiment is applied to a phosphorus mine slope toe, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The maximum penetration depth of the soil on the surface of the mine toe is about 31cm after rain, and the total phosphorus, total sulfur and heavy metal Zn content in the leaching ponding of the toe are measured to be 179mg/L, 47.5mg/L and 177 mug/L respectively, the pH value is 3.6, and the content of the thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.29 hundred million/L.
(2) Setting a water storage belt 2: because the slope length is lower by about 35m, the local rainfall is more, the height of the excavated water storage belt 2 is 30cm, the width is 60cm, the length is 7m, and the side of the water storage belt 2 close to the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is filled with waste stones 3 with the width of 15 cm. The waste rock material of this embodiment is crushed limestone.
(3) A deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is arranged: the height is 35cm, the width is 35cm, and the length is consistent with the water storage belt 2. The deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is arranged next to the water storage belt 2, the top of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is flush with the top of the water storage belt 2, and the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the water storage belt 2. Taking 60 parts of anaerobic digestion biogas residue (water content 41.3%, pH value 7.1 and particle size)<1cm, 17.5% of organic matter content, 89% of saturated water content by weight) and 10 parts of composite biochar (prepared from sulfate reducing bacteria and biochar A according to the weight ratio of 1:15 mass ratio; the grain diameter of the biochar A is 0.3-0.5 cm, and the specific surface area is 500-900 m 2 Per g), 6 parts calcite powder (particle size<0.1 mm), and after uniform mixing, filling and slightly compacting. After 5 days of film curing, the pH value of the deceleration pretreatment zone was measured to be 7.4, and the water permeation rate was measured to be 7.9X10 -5 cm/s, 97% of saturated water content, 3.5% of oxygen content and 2.4 hundred million/g of sulfate reducing bacteria.
(4) A nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt 5 is arranged: the height is 35cm, the width is 40cm, and the length is 7m. The nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone 5 is arranged next to the deceleration pretreatment zone 4, the top of the metallic adsorption precipitation zone 5 is 5cm lower than the top of the deceleration pretreatment zone 4, and the bottom of the metallic adsorption precipitation zone 5 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment zone 4. 40 parts of dried water supply sludge (the total content of aluminum salt and ferric salt is 29%, the water content is 23%, the organic matter content is 5.1%), 30 parts of fine-grained steel slag A (the grain size is less than 1mm, the total mass ratio of CaO, iron and iron aluminum oxide is 34.8%), 15 parts of calcium carbonate powder (the grain size is less than 0.5 mm), 4 parts of guar gum and 4 parts of borax are taken, uniformly mixed, filled and lightly compacted.
(5) And (3) arranging a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt 6: the height is 35cm, the width is 40cm, and the length is consistent with the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone 5. The heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption band 6 is arranged close to the nonmetal adsorption precipitation band 5, the top of the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption band 6 is 5cm lower than the top of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation band 5, and the bottom of the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption band 6 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation band 5. Taking 20 parts of biochar B (particle size of 0.1-0.3 mm, specific surface area of 800-1300 m) 2 And/g), 40 parts of coarse-grain steel slag B (particle size 1-3 mm, total mass ratio of silicate mineral and ferric oxide 46.6 percent) and 15 parts of cement, and uniformly mixing, filling, drying and solidifying to form the composite material with the porosity of about 26 percent.
(6) And a water intake A, a water intake B and a water intake C are respectively reserved behind the contact position surface of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 and the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5, the contact surface of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5 and the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption belt 6, and the length and the width are 5cm.
(7) The total phosphorus, total sulfur and heavy metal Zn content of the water leached in the water intake A are 162mg/L, 9.3mg/L and 151 mug/L respectively, the pH value is 5.1, and the content of the thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.09 hundred million/L. The total phosphorus, total sulfur and heavy metal Zn content of the leaching water in the water intake B are 21.1mg/L, 1.8mg/L and 113 mug/L respectively, the pH value is 6.5, and the content of the thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.05 hundred million/L. The total phosphorus, total sulfur and heavy metal Zn content in the water intake C are respectively 12.3mg/L, 1.1mg/L and 26.0 mug/L, the pH value is 6.8, and the content of the thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.03 hundred million/L. The water quality of the effluent is obviously improved.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a mine leaching pollution buffer zone, as shown in fig. 1, the mine leaching pollution buffer zone of the embodiment is applied to the prevention and treatment of the leaching pollution of the acidic pyrite mountain slope of the small south mountain, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The maximum penetration depth of soil at the bottom of the side slope measured after rain is about 25cm, and the contents of Mn, pb and S in the leaching ponding of the toe of the slope are measured to be 709 mu g/L, 351 mu g/L and 5.8mg/L respectively, the pH value is 3.9, and the content of the thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.59 hundred million/L.
(2) Setting a water storage belt 2: the slope length is lower by about 15m, the local rainfall is moderate, the height of the excavated water storage belt is 28cm, the width is 40cm, the length is 6m, and the 10cm wide waste rock material 3 is filled near the outer side. The waste rock of this embodiment is crushed limestone waste rock.
(3) A deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is arranged: the height is 33cm, the width is 25cm, and the length is consistent with the water storage belt 2. The deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is arranged next to the water storage belt 2, the top of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is flush with the top of the water storage belt 2, and the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the water storage belt 2. Taking 50 parts of anaerobic digestion biogas residue (water content 43%, pH value 6.7 and particle size)<1cm, organic matter content 19%, saturated water content 86 wt%), 20 parts of composite biochar (prepared from sulfate reducing bacteria and biochar A according to the proportion of 1:7 mass ratio; the grain diameter of the biochar A is 0.4-0.5 cm, and the specific surface area is 600-1100 m 2 Per g), 10 parts calcite powder (particle size<0.1 mm), and after uniform mixing, filling and slightly compacting. After 5 days of film curing, the pH value of the deceleration pretreatment zone was measured to be 7.1, and the water permeation rate was measured to be 2.9X10 -4 cm/s, 96% saturated water content, 3.1% oxygen content and 3.5 hundred million sulfate reducing bacteria per gram.
(4) A nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt 5 is arranged: the height is 33cm, the width is 30cm, the nonmetal adsorption precipitation zone 5 with the length of 6m is closely adjacent to the deceleration pretreatment zone 4, the top of the metal adsorption precipitation zone 5 is 5cm lower than the top of the deceleration pretreatment zone 4, and the bottom of the metal adsorption precipitation zone 5 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment zone 4. 30 parts of dried feed water sludge (the total content of aluminum salt and ferric salt is 27.8%, the water content is 25.9%, the organic matter content is 6.7%), 20 parts of fine-grained steel slag A (the grain size is less than 1mm, the total mass ratio of CaO, iron and iron aluminum oxide is 37.9%), 20 parts of calcium carbonate powder (the grain size is less than 0.5 mm), 3 parts of guar gum and 3 parts of borax are taken, mixed uniformly, filled and lightly compacted.
(5) And (3) arranging a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt 6: the height is 33cm, the width is 40cm, and the length is 6m. Heavy metal ion intensified suctionThe accessory 6 is arranged close to the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5, the top of the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption belt 6 is 5cm lower than the top of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5, and the bottom of the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption belt 6 is 5cm lower than the bottom of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5. 30 parts of biochar B (particle diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm, specific surface area of 1000-1500 m) is taken 2 30 parts of coarse-grain steel slag B (particle size 1-3 mm, total mass ratio of silicate mineral and ferric oxide 51.2 percent), 15 parts of cement, uniformly mixing, filling, drying, solidifying and forming, wherein the porosity is about 35 percent.
(6) And a water intake A, a water intake B and a water intake C are respectively reserved behind the contact position surface of the deceleration pretreatment belt 4 and the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5, the contact surface of the nonmetal adsorption precipitation belt 5 and the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption belt 6, and the length and the width are 5cm.
(7) The content of Mn, pb and S in leaching water in the water intake A is 682 mug/L, 327 mug/L and 5.1mg/L respectively, the pH value is 5.9, and the content of thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.25 hundred million/L. The leaching water in the water intake B contains 566 mug/L, 241 mug/L and 1.4mg/L of Mn, pb and S, the pH value is 6.2, and the content of the acidophilic thiobacillus is 0.11 hundred million/L. The water intake C contains Mn, pb and S of 66.3 mug/L, 28.6 mug/L and 0.9mg/L, pH value is 6.5, and the content of the Acidithiobacillus is 0.03 hundred million/L. The water quality of the effluent is obviously improved.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example combines a nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and a heavy metal ion-reinforced adsorption zone (the raw materials of the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and the heavy metal ion-reinforced adsorption zone are mixed) and have a width of 70cm, other steps are kept consistent with those of example 1, and the final leaching water Cu, pb and Cd contents of 72.3 mug/L, 65.6 mug/L and 4.1 mug/L are measured, the pH value is 6.1, the content of thiobacillus acidophilus is 0.05 hundred million/L, and the total sulfur and phosphorus contents are 1.5mg/L and 0.3mg/L respectively.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, the three components of the deceleration pretreatment zone, the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and the heavy metal ion-enhanced adsorption zone were combined (the three components were mixed) to a width of 100cm, and the other steps were kept the same as in example 1, and it was found that the final eluviated water had Cu, pb and Cd contents of 79.9. Mu.g/L, 72.0. Mu.g/L and 4.4. Mu.g/L, pH values of 5.9, thiobacillus acidophilus contents of 0.27 million/L, and total sulfur and phosphorus contents of 2.8mg/L and 0.3mg/L, respectively.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The mine leaching pollution buffer belt is characterized by comprising a water storage belt, a deceleration pretreatment belt, a nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt and a heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt which are sequentially arranged.
2. The mine leaching pollution buffer belt according to claim 1, wherein the water storage belt comprises an excavation, and waste rock is arranged on one side of the excavation, which is close to the deceleration pretreatment belt.
3. The mine leaching pollution buffer zone according to claim 1, wherein the deceleration pretreatment zone comprises, by mass, 40-60 parts of anaerobic digestion biogas residues, 10-20 parts of composite biochar and 3-7 parts of foaming agent.
4. The mine leaching pollution buffer zone according to claim 1, wherein the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone comprises, by mass, 30-50 parts of dried water supply sludge, 20-40 parts of steel slag a, 10-20 parts of alkaline buffer, 3-5 parts of guar gum and 3-5 parts of borax.
5. The mine leaching pollution buffer belt according to claim 1, wherein the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of biochar B, 20-40 parts of steel slag B and 10-20 parts of cement.
6. The mine leaching pollution buffer zone of claim 3, wherein the deceleration pretreatment zone satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
(1) The composite biochar is prepared from sulfate reducing bacteria and biochar A according to the proportion of 1-2: 10 to 15 mass ratio;
preferably, the particle diameter of the biochar A is 0.3-0.5 cm, and the specific surface area is 600-1500 m 2 /g；
(2) The foaming agent comprises at least one of calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate;
(3) The particle size of the foaming agent is less than 0.1mm;
(4) The deceleration pretreatment zone has saturated water content>95%, pH value 7-8, water penetration rate<3×10 -4 cm/s；
(5) Mixing the raw materials of the deceleration pretreatment belt, and then carrying out film coating maintenance for 5-10 days;
(6) The water content of the anaerobic digestion biogas residue is 30-50wt%, the grain diameter is less than 1cm, the pH value is 6-8, the organic matter content is 15-30wt%, and the saturated water content is more than 80wt%.
7. The mine leaching pollution buffer zone of claim 4, wherein the non-metallic adsorption precipitation zone satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
(1) In the drying water supply sludge, the total content of aluminum salt and ferric salt is more than 20wt%, the water content is less than 30wt%, and the organic matter content is less than 10wt%;
(2) The grain diameter of the steel slag A is less than 1mm;
(3) The alkaline buffer is powdery calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate;
(4) The alkaline buffer particle size is <0.5mm.
8. The mine leaching pollution buffer zone of claim 5, wherein the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption zone meets at least one of the following conditions:
(1) The particle diameter of the biochar B is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the specific surface area is between600～1500m 2 /g；
(2) The grain diameter of the steel slag B is 1-3 mm.
9. The mine leaching pollution buffer of any one of claims 1-8, wherein at least one of the following conditions is met:
(1) The height of the water storage belt is 25-40 cm;
(2) The width of the water storage belt is 40-70 cm;
(3) The laying height of the deceleration pretreatment belt is 30-45 cm, and preferably, the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt is 5-10 cm lower than the bottom of the water storage belt;
(4) The width of the deceleration pretreatment belt is 20-40 cm;
(5) The laying height of the nonmetallic adsorption sedimentation belt is 25-40 cm, and preferably, the bottom of the nonmetallic adsorption sedimentation belt is 5-10 cm lower than the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt;
(6) The width of the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt is 30-40 cm;
(7) The laying height of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt is 25-40 cm, and preferably, the bottom of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt is 5-10 cm lower than the bottom of the deceleration pretreatment belt;
(8) The width of the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption band is 40-60 cm;
(9) The deceleration pretreatment belt, the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation belt and the heavy metal ion reinforced adsorption belt are distributed in a stepped manner along the water flow direction; preferably, the tops of two adjacent belts are lowered by 5-10 cm in sequence, and the raised parts are fixed by waste stones.
10. Use of a mine leaching pollution buffer zone according to any one of claims 1-9 in mines, characterized in that the water storage zone, the deceleration pretreatment zone, the nonmetallic adsorption precipitation zone and the heavy metal ion enhanced adsorption zone in the mine leaching pollution buffer zone are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction of the sewage to be purified.
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