CN100494091C - Method for restoring mine environment - Google Patents
Method for restoring mine environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN100494091C CN100494091C CNB2007100217189A CN200710021718A CN100494091C CN 100494091 C CN100494091 C CN 100494091C CN B2007100217189 A CNB2007100217189 A CN B2007100217189A CN 200710021718 A CN200710021718 A CN 200710021718A CN 100494091 C CN100494091 C CN 100494091C
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- reducing bacteria
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Abstract
A method of repairing mine ecological environment comprises the treatment of mine environment contamination, wherein the tailings, the barren rock, the smelting slag, the waste water from ore cleaning, the waste water from smelting, the acid mine drainage and the ore yard leachwater which are generated from mine development are collected into the tailings storage, at the same time, sludge and organic matter capable of being degradated by microbiology are added therein, and then the tailings storage is given an anaerobic environment artificially, so that, under the action of microbiology and sulfate reducing bacteria, sulfur ion is generated and the pH value of the tailings storage is increased, a plurality of heavy metal ions are cured and settled by sulfur ion to avoid migration, a biomembrane layer-sulfate reducing bacteria reducing-induction biomineralization precipitation composite geochemical barrier is generated in the tailings storage. The repairing of mine ecological environment is realized by the treatment of mine environment contamination. The present invention can be used for tailings storage pollution prevention in tour, and can be used for closing the repairing of mine ecological environment, or can be used for designing new tailings storage by using the technology of the present invention.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environmental protection technology and method, particularly the improvement method of mine entironment, specifically a kind of method of restoring mine entironment.
Two, background technology
The mineral deposit is made up of ore and country rock.Exploitated ore must be peeled off country rock.1 ton of ore of every exploitation often need discharge several tons of barren rocks.Particularly the nonferrous metallic ores metal content is generally lower, often needs to exploit tens of tons in order to produce 1 ton of metal, becomes hundred tons, even goes up the kiloton ore.Mine development not only produces huge solid waste, and because mine engineering has changed original geologic media, make in a large number and be exposed to well-oxygenated environment,, produce serious acid mine drainage owing to chemical oxidation, biological oxidation at the stable sulfide of reducing environment.Acid mine drainage causes serious heavy metal contamination and environmental destruction, and each metal mine all is an ecological time bomb.Even the mine is closed, the danger of this ecology is long-term existence still.
To produce various refuses in the metal mine exploitation: comprise beneficiation wastewater, smelting wastewater, acidic mine water; Barren rock, mine tailing, metallurgical slag.Waste residue produces the acid heavy metal draining again through weathering oxidation and rainwater leaching.In existing mine environment Pollution abatement, mainly be neutralization precipitation to the processing of waste water, the then main open pile of barren rock saves as the master.Tailings reservoir for piling is mainly taked in processing to mine tailing, and the mine tailing backfill has been realized in indivedual mines.In order to prevent the pollution of mine tailing and barren rock to environment, carry out the reparation of mine environment, the method that adopts lime treatment or earthing to cover is carried out environment remediation more.But the cost of these Pollution abatement measures is higher, can't popularize in an all-round way.
The applicant finds in the microbial film research in to the pit, when having organic matter in the pit, can locally form anaerobic environment, sulphate reducing bacteria in the anaerobe film induces biomineralization to form the heavy metal sulfide precipitation, explanation is in containing the acidic solution of heavy metal, sulphate reducing bacteria is induced fixedly heavy metal ion of biomineralization, thereby prevents the migration and the environmental pollution of heavy metal.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to restoring mine entironment, and technical problem to be solved is by the improvement of metal mine acid effluent and heavy metal contamination being realized the reparation of mine entironment.
In the mine, metal mine particularly, the place of mine tailing is normally stored up in the mine tailing storehouse, and the present invention then pollutes the mine tailing storehouse place of the comprehensive regulation as mine environment.The thinking of administering is reducing environment of artificial construction in the mine tailing storehouse, makes sulphate reducing bacteria become active micropopulation, under action of microorganisms, the reductive action of vitriol takes place, and produces sulfonium ion.By the precipitating action of sulfonium ion to heavy metal, curing heavy metal, and the pH value of raising leaching water, prevent the heavy metal of mine tailing top layer leaching, heavy metal and the heavy metal in the beneficiation wastewater and the migration of the heavy metal in the pit water of barren rock leaching, and eliminate acid effluent.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
At first the beneficiation wastewater that produces in the metal mine exploitation, smelting wastewater, acidic mine water, ore stockyard leaching water, barren rock, mine tailing, metallurgical slag etc. are focused in the mine tailing storehouse.Inoculate sulphate reducing bacteria then, promptly in the mine tailing storehouse, add mud, as municipal sludge or/and Pond Silt or/and bed-silt or/and purification tank for liquid waste mud etc., adds the organism that can be degraded by microorganisms at last in the mine tailing storehouse.The organism dosage is in anaerobic environment, satisfies the required redox potential of sulphate reducing bacteria sulphate reducing and be as the criterion with control mine tailing storehouse Zhong Shui-liquid/solid interface.Described organism comprise sanitary sewage or/and organic waste water or/and organic liquid waste or/and organic solid castoff etc.
Observe treatment effect by the dissolved oxygen state of water body in the monitoring mine tailing storehouse, the pH value and the concentration of heavy metal ion of water from diffusion.
The technical program concrete operations step is
A, add in the mine tailing storehouse that (add in newly-built mine tailing storehouse at the beginning of building, add while using in mine tailing storehouse just under arms, directly add on the surface in retired mine tailing storehouse) a certain amount of organism, the organism that adds can be any organic waste that can be utilized by sulphate reducing bacteria, as sanitary sewage, organic waste water, organic liquid waste or organic solid castoff.The organism dosage is in anaerobic environment, satisfies the required redox potential of sulphate reducing bacteria sulphate reducing and be as the criterion with control mine tailing storehouse Zhong Shui-liquid/solid interface.This redox potential≤-100mV.
B, the beneficiation wastewater that produces in the metal mine exploitation, smelting waste water, acidic mine water, ore stockyard leaching water, barren rock, mine tailing, metallurgical slag etc. are focused in the mine tailing storehouse.
C, in the organism in mine tailing storehouse, add a certain amount of mud, with the inoculation sulphate reducing bacteria.
The organism that adds decomposes under microbial process, produces the available organic acid of sulphate reducing bacteria.When organism existed, following reactional equation took place down in the sulphate reducing bacteria effect in the mine tailing storehouse:
S
2-+M
2+————MS↓
M
2+Represent Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Co, Pb, Mn plasma.
After in the mine tailing storehouse, adding organism, under microbial process, form little this anaerobic environment of living film, satisfy and impel the breeding of sulphate reducing bacteria and induce biomineralization, in the mine tailing storehouse, form microbial film-sulphate reducing bacteria and reduce-induce this compound geochemical barriers of sulfide precipitation, thereby avoid the generation of acid effluent and the migration of heavy metal ion.And, because the precipitation of new sulphidisation, fill the mine tailing particle voids, reduce mine tailing voidage and permeability coefficient, after the mine tailing storehouse is closed, because voidage and permeability coefficient are low, can effectively stop the infiltration of empty G﹠W, stop the infiltration of oxygen, add the effect of compound geochemical barriers, the mine tailing storehouse can be steady in a long-term.This geochemical barriers is that the ecosystem environment just had originally, because development of mines has been destroyed this geochemical barriers, and the comprehensive regulation of the present invention by in the mine tailing storehouse, mine environment being polluted, repaired this geochemical barriers again, utilize the effect of biotic induce mineralising, make unsettled metal mine mine tailing storehouse become permanent stable pollution waste accumulation body, thereby realized the reparation of mine entironment.
The characteristics of the inventive method:
The tailings storehouse is the place that metal mine is deposited solid waste, is again the place of the mine sewage comprehensive regulation.Owing in the mine tailing storehouse, cause a geochemical barriers that prevents the heavy metal ion migration by adding organism, can guarantee mine tailing storehouse long-term stability.Need not add basic agent and carry out the neutralization of acidic mine waste water.Both can save the mine and build sewage work's huge investment, can utilize sulphate reducing bacteria biomineralization heavy metal again, prevent in the tailings storehouse heavy metal leaching contaminate environment of moving out.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, by adding mine domestic wastewater, or percolate, or sludge of sewage treatment plant, or agricultural wastes just can be realized Beneficiation Wastewater, smelting wastewater, acidic mine water, barren rock, mine tailing, metallurgical slag etc., eliminate potential pollution source, cost is low, is fit to the national conditions of China, and more than 20 ten thousand places mine large-scale promotion can be arranged in the whole nation.
2, make the place of mine tailing Kucheng, avoided building the special disposal facility, can save a large number of capital cost, improve bargh and administer the enthusiasm of polluting for bargh for handling this type of waste for the mine waste comprehensive regulation.
3, utilize resource in the mine tailing again by reclaiming heavy metal sulfide, improve resource utilization, realize recycling economy.
Four, description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the present invention utilizes the sulphate reducing bacteria biomineralization to carry out mine environment and pollutes the comprehensive management of technology synoptic diagram.
Five, embodiment
Be example with the laboratory simulationt test now, non-limiting examples is described below:
Embodiment 1:
Simulate newly-built mine tailing storehouse, lay stalk in mine tailing bottom of the reservior portion and control mine heavy metal contamination.The bottom adds stalk in the simulated experiment post of diameter 10cm, height 1.5m, constitutes organic matter layer, and packing height 10cm adds 100ml urban biology sludge seeding bacterium in stalk, add mine tailing then, loading height 100cm.With concentration is that to contain zinc ion concentration be that 20mg/L, sulfate ion concentration are that 100mg/L, pH are 5 Simulated Water, add the simulated experiment post, leave standstill and advanced Simulated Water in a continuous manner in 3 days, treat pH value, zinc ion concentration, the sulfate ion concentration of the stable back of experimental system detection water outlet.Zine ion is measured with 4-2-pyridine-azo resorcinol spectrophotometry, and the mensuration of sulfate radical adopts the baryta yellow spectrophotometry.The water outlet zinc ion concentration is less than 0.6mg/L, and sulfate ion concentration is less than 10mg/L, and the pH value is greater than 6.
Embodiment 2:
Simulate mine tailing storehouse under arms, in the mine tailing storehouse, directly add organism and control mine heavy metal contamination.Ratio according to 0.01% joins mixing in the mine tailing sand to stalk, and the inoculation municipal sludge adds and mixes mine tailing in the simulated experiment post of diameter 10cm, height 1.5m, loading height 100cm.With concentration is that to contain zinc ion concentration be that 20mg/L, sulfate ion concentration are that 100mg/L, pH are 5 Simulated Water, add the simulated experiment post, leave standstill and advanced Simulated Water in a continuous manner in 3 days, treat pH value, zinc ion concentration, the sulfate ion concentration of the stable back of experimental system detection water outlet.Zine ion is measured with 4-2-pyridine-azo resorcinol spectrophotometry, and the mensuration of sulfate radical adopts the baryta yellow spectrophotometry.The water outlet zinc ion concentration is less than 1.0mg/L, and sulfate ion concentration is less than 20mg/L, and the pH value is greater than 6.
Embodiment 3:
Simulate mine tailing storehouse under arms, in the mine tailing storehouse, directly add organism and control mine heavy metal contamination.Loading height 100cm mine tailing sand in the simulated experiment post of diameter 10cm, height 1.5m.With concentration is that to contain zinc ion concentration be that 20mg/L, sulfate ion concentration are that to be 5 Simulated Water and sanitary sewage add the simulated experiment post simultaneously according to the ratio of 100:1 for 100mg/L, pH, the control filtering velocity is 0.1-3m/d, the system that moves after 3 days is basicly stable, and sampling detects pH value, zinc ion concentration, the sulfate ion concentration of water outlet.Zine ion is measured with 4-2-pyridine-azo resorcinol spectrophotometry, and the mensuration of sulfate radical adopts the baryta yellow spectrophotometry.The water outlet zinc ion concentration is less than 1.0mg/L, and sulfate ion concentration is less than 50mg/L, and the pH value is greater than 6.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of restoring mine entironment, comprise the improvement that mine environment is polluted, it is characterized in that: the beneficiation wastewater that produces in the mine development, smelting wastewater, acidic mine water, ore stockyard leaching water and barren rock, mine tailing, metallurgical slag all are added in the mine tailing storehouse, inoculate sulphate reducing bacteria simultaneously and add the organism that can be degraded by microorganisms, organic dosage is in anaerobic environment, satisfies the required redox potential of sulphate reducing bacteria sulphate reducing and be as the criterion with water one liquid/solid interface in the mine tailing storehouse.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described inoculation sulphate reducing bacteria promptly is to add mud in the mine tailing storehouse, described mud be municipal sludge or/and Pond Silt or/and bed-silt or/and purification tank for liquid waste mud.
3, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described organism be sanitary sewage or/and organic waste water or/and organic liquid waste or/and organic solid castoff.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100217189A CN100494091C (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2007-04-20 | Method for restoring mine environment |
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| CNB2007100217189A CN100494091C (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2007-04-20 | Method for restoring mine environment |
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| CN100494091C true CN100494091C (en) | 2009-06-03 |
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