CN117444851B - Three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp - Google Patents
Three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN117444851B CN117444851B CN202311770414.8A CN202311770414A CN117444851B CN 117444851 B CN117444851 B CN 117444851B CN 202311770414 A CN202311770414 A CN 202311770414A CN 117444851 B CN117444851 B CN 117444851B
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
- B24B41/067—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies radially supporting workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
- B24B29/04—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for rotationally symmetrical workpieces, e.g. ball-, cylinder- or cone-shaped workpieces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of clamps and discloses a three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp which comprises a disc body, three movable jaws positioned at one end of the disc body and a driving assembly for driving the movable jaws to synchronously approach or separate from the center of the disc body, wherein a clamping and tightening block is vertically and outwards arranged at one end of the movable jaws facing the center of the disc body along the axial direction of the disc body, a side wall adsorption mechanism which is in a negative pressure adsorption state at a joint position with a workpiece when the clamping and tightening block clamps or tightens the workpiece is arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the clamping and tightening block, the side wall adsorption mechanism comprises a first elastic strip and a second elastic strip which are respectively and symmetrically and vertically fixed, and a communicating pipe which is horizontally arranged at two ends of the clamping and tightening block respectively penetrates through the first elastic strip and the second elastic strip, an air pressure adjusting rod is arranged in the communicating pipe in a sealing way, and can synchronously approach or separate from the center of the disc body, and the movement of the air pressure adjusting rod is controlled by a speed change adjusting part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of clamps, in particular to a three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp.
Background
In the automotive field, parts are required to be connected in a smoothly rotating manner by means of bearings, and the inner and outer annular walls of the bearing ring are required to be polished during processing of the bearings, and are required to be clamped by means of different clamps during polishing.
When the inner annular wall of the bearing ring needs to be polished, the three-jaw chuck can be used for clamping, and the three-jaw chuck is a machine tool accessory for clamping and positioning a workpiece by utilizing synchronous radial movement of three movable jaws uniformly distributed on a chuck body and consists of the chuck body, the movable jaws and a jaw driving mechanism.
The three-jaw chuck has a specific structure which can be referred to the three-jaw chuck disclosed in Chinese patent publication No. CN210848380U, and comprises a disk body, a through hole is arranged in the center of the disk body, a track ring is arranged in the disk body,
Be provided with spiral track on the orbital ring, three spout have evenly been seted up on the disk body, be provided with the jack catch in the spout, the one end that the through-hole was kept away from to the jack catch is connected with and extends the fixture block, it is convex to extend the fixture block, the one side that the through-hole was kept away from to the fixture block is provided with fixed clamping strip, the jack catch is close to orbital ring's one side and is provided with the toothholder, be fixed with the track tooth under the toothholder, the track tooth cooperatees with the orbital ring, be provided with annular rack under the orbital ring, be provided with the rotation hole between two spouts on the disk body, be provided with the bevel gear in the rotation hole, bevel gear cooperatees with the rack.
The existing three-jaw chuck can only realize the clamping of the outer annular wall of the bearing ring, and expose the inner annular wall of the bearing ring for processing, but can not realize the limit of the inner annular wall of the bearing, so that the outer ring of the bearing can not be completely exposed for processing; in addition, on the premise of not adding a driving part, the clamping jaw can only rigidly clamp the product, and the product is clamped by simply utilizing the rigid contact of the contact surface, so that the clamping performance of the product is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp which can be simultaneously applicable to machining of the outer wall or the inner wall of a circular tube workpiece and has obviously improved locking performance, aiming at the defects that a workpiece can be clamped and fixed only by the rigidity of a contact surface and the outer wall cannot be applicable to machining.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
A three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated fixture comprises a disk body, three movable jaws which are uniformly and alternately distributed at one end of the disk body along the radial direction of the disk body and synchronously approach or separate from the disk body, and a driving component for driving the movable jaws to synchronously move, wherein a clamping and tightening block which can be tightly tightened on the inner annular wall of a workpiece or clamped on the outer annular wall of the workpiece is vertically and outwards protruded at one end of the movable jaws, which faces the center of the disk body, along the axial direction of the disk body, a side wall adsorption mechanism which is in a negative pressure adsorption state at the joint of the clamping and tightening block and the workpiece when the clamping and tightening block clamps or tightens the workpiece is arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the clamping and tightening block, the side wall adsorption mechanism comprises a first elastic strip and a second elastic strip which are respectively and symmetrically and vertically fixed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the clamping and tightening block, and a communicating pipeline which is horizontally arranged at two ends of the clamping and tightening block respectively penetrates through the first elastic strip and the second elastic strip, the communicating pipeline is longitudinally provided with a plurality of communicating pipelines at intervals, an air pressure regulating rod is arranged in the communicating pipeline in a sealing manner, the air pressure regulating rod can synchronously approach or separate from the center of the disc body, the movement of the air pressure regulating rod is controlled by a speed changing regulating part, the speed changing regulating part comprises a first tooth column vertically arranged in a clamping and tightening block in a rotating manner, a second tooth column integrally concentrically fixed at the lower end of the first tooth column and with the diameter smaller than that of the first tooth column, a plurality of tooth grooves meshed with the first tooth column are arranged on the side wall of the air pressure regulating rod at intervals, a first driving block and a second driving block which are respectively arranged on the outer annular wall and the inner annular wall of the clamping and tightening block in a staggered and spliced manner, tooth blocks meshed with the second tooth column are convexly arranged on the side walls of the first driving block and the second driving block at intervals, the tooth blocks meshed with the second tooth columns are arranged on the clamping and tightening block, and a reset assembly which is automatically extended and reset by the first driving block or the second driving block when the clamping and tightening block loosens the workpiece is arranged between the first driving block and the second driving block.
By adopting the scheme, when the clamping and tightening block is internally supported on the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece, the workpiece can be tightened and limited, and when the clamping and tightening block is clamped on the outer wall of the cylindrical workpiece, the workpiece can be clamped and limited, so that under the condition that a driving assembly is not added, the clamping and tightening device can realize tightening or clamping of the cylindrical workpieces with different diameters along with radial movement of the disc body along with the movable clamping jaw, and the applicability is improved; the clamping and tightening block is provided with a side wall adsorption mechanism, and when a workpiece is clamped or tightened, the clamping surface or the tightening surface can simultaneously realize negative pressure adsorption with the workpiece by utilizing a variable speed adjusting part; when the workpiece is loosened, the clamping surface or the tightening surface can simultaneously realize desorption with the workpiece, and the clamping adsorption principle is as follows: when the clamping and tightening block clamps the outer annular wall of the workpiece, the first driving block and the first elastic strip are simultaneously contacted with the outer wall of the workpiece, at this time, the workpiece is clamped in a self-centering manner, the first elastic strip is compressed and deformed along with the further approaching of the clamping and tightening block to the workpiece, the deformed stroke of the first elastic strip is consistent with the radial contraction stroke of the first driving block along the center far away from the disc body, the first tooth column meshed with the air pressure adjusting rod is a big tooth column because the second tooth column is a small tooth column, the tooth ring cambered surface length of the first tooth column rotating at the same angle is obviously longer than the tooth ring cambered surface of the first tooth column, the contraction stroke of the air pressure adjusting rod is far longer than the compression stroke of the first elastic strip, and the communicating pipeline on the surface of the first elastic strip is in a negative pressure state, so that the first elastic strip can clamp and adsorb the outer surface of the workpiece; the supporting and adsorbing principle is as follows: when the inner annular wall of the workpiece is supported in the clamping and supporting block, the second driving block and the second elastic strip are simultaneously contacted with the inner wall of the workpiece, along with the further supporting of the inner wall of the workpiece by the clamping and supporting block, the second elastic strip is compressed and deformed, the deformed stroke is consistent with the inward contraction stroke of the second driving block, the contracted stroke of the air pressure regulating rod towards the center direction of the disc body is far greater than the compression stroke of the second elastic strip, the communicating pipeline on the surface of the second elastic strip is in a negative pressure state, so that the second elastic strip can be internally supported and adsorbed on the inner surface of the workpiece, the functions of clamping and adsorbing the outer wall of the cylindrical workpiece or the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece can be realized without additionally arranging a driving component, and the clamping performance is obviously improved.
Preferably, through grooves penetrating through the first elastic strips and the second elastic strips and allowing the first driving blocks and the second driving blocks to pass through in a clearance mode are formed in the clamping tightening blocks, and abutting blocks with end faces being flush with the end faces of the first elastic strips and the second elastic strips respectively and capable of increasing the contact area with a workpiece in a normal state are arranged at one ends of the first driving blocks and the second driving blocks, which are opposite to each other.
By adopting the scheme, the abutting block is used for being directly attached to the outer annular wall or the inner annular wall of the workpiece, the contact area with the workpiece is increased, and the first driving block and the second driving block are convenient to move under pressure stably.
Preferably, the speed change adjusting parts are symmetrically provided with two groups and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the air pressure adjusting rod, the tooth grooves are symmetrically formed on two sides of the air pressure adjusting rod, and the first driving block and the second driving block are positioned between the two second tooth columns and meshed with the two second tooth columns at the same time.
By adopting the scheme, the speed change adjusting parts are symmetrically arranged in two groups, so that the stability of the movement of the air pressure adjusting rod, the first driving block and the second driving block can be obviously improved.
Preferably, the reset assembly comprises a first elastic piece sleeved on the first driving block and the second driving block, a limiting block is respectively arranged in the through groove on two sides of the second tooth column, which face two ends of the air pressure adjusting rod, in a protruding mode, and two ends of the first elastic piece are respectively in elastic abutting fit with the limiting block close to the first elastic piece and the abutting block connected with the first elastic piece.
By adopting the scheme, when the clamping and tightening block loosens the workpiece, the first elastic strip and the second elastic strip can automatically reset, and the inner supporting block synchronously resets under the action of the first elastic piece, so that the clamping and loosening of the clamping and tightening block to the workpiece or the inner supporting and loosening can be simultaneously accompanied with the adsorption and desorption of the workpiece, and the product can be conveniently unloaded.
Preferably, a bottom adsorption mechanism capable of adsorbing or desorbing the bottom of the workpiece is arranged on the tray body, the pressure switching of the bottom adsorption mechanism is controlled by the movement of the first driving block or the second driving block, and when the clamping and tightening block clamps and adsorbs the side wall of the workpiece, the bottom adsorption mechanism synchronously adsorbs the bottom of the workpiece; when the clamping and tightening block is loosened and the side wall of the workpiece is desorbed, the bottom adsorption mechanism synchronously desorbs the bottom of the workpiece.
By adopting the scheme, the bottom adsorption mechanism is additionally arranged, when the clamping and tightening block clamps and adsorbs the side wall of the workpiece, the bottom adsorption mechanism synchronously adsorbs the bottom of the workpiece, and the pressure switching of the bottom adsorption mechanism depends on the movement of the first driving block or the second driving block, so that a driving part is not required to be additionally arranged, and the adsorption or desorption can be synchronously realized with the side wall adsorption mechanism.
Preferably, the bottom adsorption mechanism comprises a matching rod fixed on the tray body and penetrating through the through groove, a plurality of arc adsorption grooves radially distributed on the matching rod along the tray body at intervals on two sides of the clamping and tightening block along the tray body, and a movable groove arranged at the lower end of the arc adsorption groove in the matching rod, wherein a piston block is arranged in the arc adsorption groove in a sealing manner, a connecting block connected with the bottoms of all the piston blocks simultaneously is arranged in the movable groove, and a linkage part for descending the connecting block and ascending the connecting block when the clamping and tightening block is far away from the clamping and tightening block is arranged between the bottom of the connecting block and the bottom of the abutting block.
By adopting the scheme, the piston block descends in the arc-shaped adsorption groove, so that the surface of the arc-shaped adsorption groove, which is in contact with a workpiece, can be driven to generate negative pressure; the piston block rises in the arc adsorption groove, the contact surface of the arc adsorption groove and the workpiece can be driven to return to normal pressure, and when the abutting block moves, the connecting block can be lifted through the linkage component, so that the lifting of the piston block connected with the connecting block is realized.
Preferably, the linkage part comprises a matching block fixed at the lower end of the connecting block, a matching groove formed in the matching block along the moving direction of the abutting block, and an abutting rod matched with the matching groove in an inserting mode, wherein the bottom of the matching groove is inclined upwards towards one end close to the abutting block, the lower end of the abutting rod is sunken with an abutting chute attached to the inclined surface of the bottom of the matching groove, one end, far away from the abutting chute, of the abutting rod extends vertically upwards to form an inserting rod matched with the bottom of the abutting block in an inserting mode, a yielding groove capable of being used for the inserting rod to move is formed in the matching rod, and a second elastic piece capable of enabling the piston block to automatically ascend and reset when the abutting force of the matching block is lost is arranged between the lower portion of the connecting block and the bottom of the movable groove.
By adopting the scheme, when the abutting block contracts towards the clamping and tightening block, the abutting rod connected with the abutting block synchronously moves horizontally, the movement of the abutting rod drives the abutting chute to abut against the inclined surface at the bottom of the matching groove, the matching block descends, and then the connecting block and the piston block connected with the matching block are driven to descend; when the abutting block moves in the direction away from the clamping and tightening block, the abutting chute is separated from the inclined surface at the bottom of the matching groove, and the matching block automatically rises and resets under the resetting force of the second elastic piece.
Preferably, the upper end face of the tray body is provided with a guide groove for the movable claw to be embedded and arranged along the radial direction of the tray body, two ends of the guide groove are provided with fixed blocks which are integrally connected with the tray body and can be used for fixing two ends of the matching rod, and the length of the matching rod is larger than the moving stroke of the clamping and tightening block.
Preferably, the drive assembly comprises a matching pipe fixed on one end of the tray body, far away from the movable claw, the cross sections of the outer annular wall and the inner annular wall of the matching pipe are all non-circular, a screw rod is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the matching pipe, a motor connected with the screw rod is fixed at the bottom of the matching pipe, a first sliding block attached to the inner wall of the matching pipe is screwed on the screw rod, a second sliding block is sleeved outside the matching pipe, a first pull rope is fixed between the second sliding block and one end of the movable claw, far away from the center of the tray body, a second pull rope is fixed between one end of the movable claw, close to the center of the tray body, and the first sliding block, and a third pull rope is fixed between the first sliding block and the second sliding block.
By adopting the scheme, the forward and reverse rotation of the motor is utilized, the forward and reverse rotation of the screw rod connected with the motor can be driven, the lifting movement of the first sliding block matched with the screw rod in the matched pipe is realized, the first sliding block, the clamping and tightening block and the second sliding block are connected in a closed loop under the connection of the first pull rope, the second pull rope and the third pull rope, when the first sliding block descends, the clamping and tightening block can be driven to be relatively close, and the second sliding block is in lifting movement; when the first sliding block ascends, the second sliding block can be driven to descend, and further the clamping and tightening block is driven to be relatively far away.
Preferably, a reversing pulley block is arranged between the tray body and the matching pipe, and comprises a first fixed pulley which is rotationally connected on the outer annular wall of the tray body and can be used for reversing a first pull rope, a second fixed pulley which is rotationally connected on the central hole of the tray body and can be used for reversing a second pull rope, and a third fixed pulley which is rotationally connected on the outer wall of the lower end of the matching pipe and can be used for reversing a third pull rope.
By adopting the scheme, the reversing pulley block is arranged, so that the friction force born by the first pull rope, the second pull rope and the third pull rope in the moving process can be reduced, the abrasion of the pull ropes is reduced, and the service life of the pull ropes is prolonged.
The invention has the remarkable technical effects due to the adoption of the technical scheme:
The movable clamping jaw is provided with the clamping and tightening block, when the clamping and tightening block is internally supported on the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece, the workpiece can be tightened and limited, and when the clamping and tightening block is clamped on the outer wall of the cylindrical workpiece, the workpiece can be clamped and limited, so that under the condition that a driving assembly is not added, the clamping and tightening or clamping of the cylindrical workpieces with different diameters can be realized along with the radial movement of the movable clamping jaw along the disc body, and the applicability is improved; the clamping and tightening block is provided with a side wall adsorption mechanism, and when a workpiece is clamped or tightened, the clamping surface or the tightening surface can simultaneously realize negative pressure adsorption with the workpiece by utilizing a variable speed adjusting part; when the workpiece is loosened, the clamping surface or the tightening surface can simultaneously desorb with the workpiece;
The bottom adsorption mechanism is additionally arranged, when the clamping and tightening block clamps and adsorbs the side wall of the workpiece, the bottom adsorption mechanism synchronously adsorbs the bottom of the workpiece, and the pressure switching of the bottom adsorption mechanism depends on the movement of the first driving block or the second driving block, so that a driving part is not required to be additionally arranged, and adsorption or desorption can be synchronously realized with the side wall adsorption mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a three-jaw chuck integrated chuck of the present embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a top view of a three-jaw chuck integrated jig of the present embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a front view of a three-jaw chuck integrated jig of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 3;
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a of fig. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is an enlarged view of B of fig. 6;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 4;
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of C of fig. 8;
Fig. 10 is a left side view of the shift adjusting member of the present embodiment mated with the air pressure adjusting lever, the first drive block and the second drive block, respectively;
Fig. 11 is a front view of the shift adjusting member of the present embodiment when engaged with the air pressure adjusting lever, the first drive block, and the second drive block, respectively.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical reference numerals in the above drawings are as follows: 1. a tray body; 101. a guide groove; 102. a fixed block; 2. a mating lever; 201. an arc adsorption groove; 3. clamping the tightening block; 4. a first elastic strip; 5. a second elastic strip; 6. a communication pipe; 7. a movable claw; 8. a mating tube; 9. a second slider; 10. a first fixed pulley; 11. a third fixed pulley; 12. a first pull rope; 13. a third pull rope; 14. a motor; 15. an abutment block; 16. a screw rod; 17. a first slider; 18. a second pull rope; 19. a second fixed pulley; 20. an air pressure adjusting rod; 2001. tooth slots; 21. a first tooth post; 22. a second tooth post; 23. a second driving block; 24. a first driving block; 25. a first elastic member; 26. a piston block; 27. a connecting block; 28. a mating block; 29. a mating groove; 30. a pressing rod; 31. pressing the chute; 32. a rod; 33. a relief groove; 34. a limiting block; 35. a through groove; 36. tooth blocks; 37. a second elastic member; 38. a movable groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
A three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp is shown by referring to fig. 1-2, and comprises a disc body 1, three movable jaws 7 which are uniformly and alternately distributed at one end of the disc body 1 in the circumferential direction and can synchronously approach or separate along the radial direction of the disc body 1, and a driving assembly for driving the movable jaws 7 to synchronously move, wherein the disc body 1 is provided with a center hole, a guide groove 101 which can be used for the movable jaws 7 to radially insert and move along the disc body 1 is arranged on the upper end surface of the disc body 1, a clamping and tightening block 3 which can be tightly tightened on an inner annular wall of a workpiece or clamped on an outer annular wall of the workpiece is vertically and outwards arranged at one end of the movable jaws 7 facing the center of the disc body 1 in the axial direction of the disc body 1, and one side wall of the clamping and tightening block 3 facing away from the center of the disc body 1 is in a convex arc shape, so that the contact area with the workpiece is increased when the workpiece is tightly tightened or clamped.
Referring to fig. 3-4, the driving assembly includes a mating tube 8 fixed at one end of the tray body 1 far away from the movable claw 7, the cross sections of the outer annular wall and the inner annular wall of the mating tube 8 are all non-circular, in this embodiment, a screw rod 16 is rotatably arranged at the inner wall of the mating tube 8, a motor 14 connected with the screw rod 16 is fixed at the bottom of the mating tube 8, the motor 14 is a servo motor 14, a first sliding block 17 attached to the inner wall of the mating tube 8 is screwed on the screw rod 16, a second sliding block 9 is sleeved outside the mating tube 8, a first pull rope 12 is fixed between the second sliding block 9 and one end of the movable claw 7 far away from the center of the tray body 1, a second pull rope 18 is fixed between one end of the movable claw 7 near the center of the tray body 1 and the first sliding block 17, a third pull rope 13 is fixed between the first sliding block 17 and the second sliding block 9, forward and backward rotation of the motor 14 is utilized to drive the screw rod 16 to rotate forward and backward, and backward of the screw rod 16 matched with the screw rod 16 is further realized, the first sliding block 17 in the lifting block 8, the first sliding block 17 is tightly clamped by the first sliding block 17, the second sliding block 17 is clamped by the second sliding block 17, and the second sliding block 17 is clamped tightly by the second sliding block 17 is clamped by the second sliding block 3; when the first sliding block 17 ascends, the second sliding block 9 can be driven to descend, and further the clamping and tightening block 3 is driven to be relatively far away.
The reversing pulley block is arranged between the tray body 1 and the matching pipe 8 and comprises a first fixed pulley 10 which is rotationally connected on the outer annular wall of the tray body 1 and used for reversing a first pull rope 12, a second fixed pulley 19 which is rotationally connected on the central hole of the tray body 1 and used for reversing a second pull rope 18 and a third fixed pulley 11 which is rotationally connected on the outer wall of the lower end of the matching pipe 8 and used for reversing a third pull rope 13, and the annular pulley block is arranged, so that the friction force received in the moving process of the first pull rope 12, the second pull rope 18 and the third pull rope 13 can be reduced, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 5-11, a clamping tightening block 3 capable of being tightened on an inner annular wall of a workpiece or clamped on an outer annular wall of the workpiece is vertically and outwards protruded at one end of a movable claw 7 facing the center of the tray body 1 along the axial direction of the tray body 1, a side wall adsorption mechanism in a negative pressure adsorption state is arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the clamping tightening block 3 and is in a joint position with the workpiece when the clamping tightening block 3 clamps or tightens the workpiece, the side wall adsorption mechanism comprises a first elastic strip 4 and a second elastic strip 5 which are respectively and vertically fixed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the clamping tightening block 3 in a symmetrical mode, and a communicating pipeline 6 which is horizontally arranged at two ends of the clamping tightening block 3 and respectively penetrates through the first elastic strip 4 and the second elastic strip 5, the first elastic strip 4 and the second elastic strip 5 are made of rubber, a plurality of communicating pipelines 6 are longitudinally arranged at intervals, an air pressure regulating rod 20 is arranged in a sealing mode in the communicating pipeline 6, and the air pressure regulating rod 20 can synchronously move towards the center of the tray body 1 or away from the center, and the air pressure regulating rod 20 can move under control of a speed change regulating part.
Referring to fig. 10-11, the speed change adjusting component includes a first toothed column 21 vertically rotatably disposed in the clamping and tightening block 3, a second toothed column 22 integrally concentrically fixed at the lower end of the first toothed column 21 and having a diameter smaller than that of the first toothed column 21, a plurality of tooth slots 2001 meshed with the first toothed column 21 and disposed on a sidewall of the air pressure adjusting rod 20 at intervals, and a first driving block 24 and a second driving block 23 disposed on an outer annular wall and an inner annular wall of the clamping and tightening block 3 in a staggered and inserted manner, wherein tooth blocks 36 meshed with the second toothed column 22 are disposed on the sidewalls of the first driving block 24 and the second driving block 23 at intervals, through slots 35 penetrating through the first elastic strip 4 and the second elastic strip 5 and allowing the first driving block 24 and the second driving block 23 to pass through in a gap are disposed on the clamping and tightening block 3, and opposite ends of the first driving block 24 and the second driving block 23 are disposed on end surfaces of the first driving block 24 and the second driving block 23 and are flush with the first elastic strip 4 and the second elastic strip 5 respectively in a normal state and can increase the contact area with a workpiece.
The speed change adjusting parts are symmetrically arranged on two groups of speed change adjusting parts and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the air pressure adjusting rod 20, tooth grooves 2001 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the air pressure adjusting rod 20, a first driving block 24 and a second driving block 23 are located between two second tooth columns 22 and are meshed with the two second tooth columns 22 at the same time, a reset assembly capable of automatically extending out of the first driving block 24 or the second driving block 23 to reset when the clamping and tightening block 3 loosens a workpiece is arranged among the clamping and tightening block 3, the reset assembly comprises a first elastic piece 25 sleeved on the first driving block 24 and the second driving block 23, the first elastic piece 25 is a spring, a limiting block 34 is respectively arranged in the through groove 35 in a protruding mode on two sides of the two ends of the second tooth columns 22, which face the air pressure adjusting rod 20, and two ends of the first elastic piece 25 are respectively in elastic abutting fit with the limiting block 34 close to the limiting block 34 and the abutting block 15 connected with the limiting block.
The bottom adsorption mechanism capable of adsorbing or desorbing the bottom of the workpiece is arranged on the tray body 1, the pressure switching of the bottom adsorption mechanism is controlled by the movement of the first driving block 24 or the second driving block 23, the bottom adsorption mechanism comprises a matching rod 2 fixed on the tray body 1 and penetrating through the through groove 35, a plurality of arc adsorption grooves 201 distributed on the matching rod 2 at two sides of the clamping and tightening block 3 along the radial direction of the tray body 1 at intervals along the radial direction of the tray body 1, and movable grooves 38 arranged at the lower end of the arc adsorption groove 201 in the matching rod 2, two ends of the guide groove 101 are provided with fixed blocks 102 which are integrally connected with the tray body 1 and can be used for fixing the two ends of the matching rod 2, the length of the matching rod 2 is larger than the movement stroke of the clamping and tightening block 3, the upper end face of the matching rod 2 is flush with the upper end face of the tray body 1, a piston block 26 is arranged in the arc adsorption groove 201 in a sealing way, a connecting block 27 connected with the bottoms of all the piston blocks 26 at the same time is arranged in the movable grooves 38, and a connecting block 27 is arranged between the bottoms of the 27 and the bottom of the abutting block 15 and the bottom of the matching block 15, and the connecting block 27 is far away from the connecting block 27 when the abutting block 3 is close to the clamping and tightening block 3 and the connecting block 27 is far away from the connecting block 15.
The linkage part comprises a matching block 28 fixed at the lower end of a connecting block 27, a matching groove 29 formed in the matching block 28 along the moving direction of the abutting block 15 and an abutting rod 30 in insertion fit with the matching groove 29, wherein the bottom of the matching groove 29 is upwards inclined towards one end close to the abutting block 15, a pressing chute 31 with the bottom being matched with the inclined surface of the bottom of the matching groove 29 is recessed at the lower end of the abutting rod 30, an inserting rod 32 in insertion fit with the bottom of the abutting block 15 is vertically and upwards extended at one end of the abutting rod 30 away from the pressing chute 31, a yielding groove 33 for the inserting rod 32 to move is formed in the matching rod 2, a second elastic piece 37 for driving the piston block 26 to automatically rise and reset when the abutting force of the matching block 28 is lost is arranged between the lower part of the connecting block 27 and the bottom of the movable groove 38, the second elastic piece 37 is a spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively in elastic abutting fit with the bottom of the matching block 28 and the bottom of the movable groove 38.
When the cylindrical workpieces such as the bearing rings are internally supported, the specific operation process of the clamp is as follows:
1. The clamp is contracted inwards to the maximum stroke, a workpiece is sleeved on the clamping and tightening block 3, and the bottom of the workpiece is positioned on the matching rod 2;
2. the motor 14 rotates, the clamping and tightening block 3 moves outwards until the second elastic strip 5 positioned on the outer annular wall of the clamping and tightening block 3 contacts with the inner wall of the workpiece, and at the moment, the workpiece is self-centering and tightening;
3. The clamping and tightening block 3 is continuously close to the inner wall of the workpiece, the second elastic strip 5 deforms, the abutting block 15 synchronously moves the deformation stroke of the second elastic strip 5, and the movement stroke of the air pressure adjusting rod 20 in the direction away from the inner wall of the workpiece is far greater than the deformation stroke of the second elastic strip 5 under the action of the variable speed adjusting part, so that the contact part of the second elastic strip 5 and the workpiece is in a negative pressure adsorption state; simultaneously, along with the movement of the abutting block 15, the abutting rod 30 is driven to downwards abut against the matching block 28, the piston block 26 is driven to descend, and the bottom adsorption mechanism and the workpiece contact surface synchronously realize negative pressure adsorption.
When clamping cylindrical workpieces such as bearing rings, the specific operation process of the clamp is as follows:
the clamp moves outwards to the maximum stroke, a workpiece is placed on the tray body 1, and the clamping and tightening block 3 is positioned outside the workpiece;
The motor 14 rotates reversely, the clamping and tightening block 3 moves inwards until the first elastic strip 4 positioned on the inner annular wall of the clamping and tightening block 3 contacts with the outer wall of the workpiece, and at the moment, the workpiece realizes self-centering clamping;
The clamping and tightening block 3 is continuously close to the outer wall of the workpiece, the first elastic strip 4 deforms, the abutting block 15 synchronously moves the deformation stroke of the first elastic strip 4, and the movement stroke of the air pressure adjusting rod 20 in the direction away from the inner wall of the workpiece is far greater than the deformation stroke of the first elastic strip 4 under the action of the variable speed adjusting part, so that the contact surface of the first elastic strip 4 and the workpiece is in a negative pressure adsorption state; simultaneously, along with the movement of the abutting block 15, the abutting rod 30 is driven to downwards abut against the matching block 28, the piston block 26 is driven to descend, and the bottom adsorption mechanism and the workpiece contact surface synchronously realize negative pressure adsorption.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an integrative anchor clamps are inhaled to three-jaw clamp, includes disk body (1), in the radial synchronous movable jaw (7) that are close to or keep away from of disk body (1) of the even interval distribution of one end circumference of disk body (1) and drive movable jaw (7) synchronous motion's drive assembly, its characterized in that: the movable claw (7) is provided with a clamping and supporting block (3) which can be tightly supported on the inner annular wall of a workpiece or clamped on the outer annular wall of the workpiece along the axial direction of the disc (1) towards one end of the center of the disc (1) in a vertical and outward protruding manner, the inner wall and the outer wall of the clamping and supporting block (3) are provided with a side wall adsorption mechanism which is in a negative pressure adsorption state at the joint of the workpiece when the clamping and supporting block (3) clamps or supports the workpiece, the side wall adsorption mechanism comprises a first elastic strip (4) and a second elastic strip (5) which are respectively and symmetrically and vertically fixed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the clamping and supporting block (3) and a communicating pipe (6) which is respectively and horizontally arranged on the clamping and supporting block (3) and penetrates through the first elastic strip (4) and the second elastic strip (5), the communicating pipe (6) is longitudinally arranged at intervals, the communicating pipe (6) is internally and hermetically moved with an air pressure regulating rod (20), the air pressure regulating rod (20) can synchronously approach or keep away from the center of the disc (1) and move to be controlled by a speed change regulating part, and the speed change regulating part comprises a first elastic strip (4) and a second elastic strip (5) which are respectively and a communicating pipe which is arranged on the inner wall of the clamping and supporting block (3) and the inner wall, and the two ends of the communicating pipe are horizontally arranged at the same, and the first elastic strip and the second elastic strip are fixedly arranged at the same, and the inner end of the clamping claw (20 A plurality of tooth grooves (2001) meshed with the first tooth columns (21) are arranged on the side wall of the air pressure adjusting rod (20) at intervals, a first driving block (24) and a second driving block (23) which are respectively arranged on the outer annular wall and the inner annular wall of the clamping and tightening block (3) in a staggered and spliced mode, tooth blocks (36) meshed with the second tooth columns (22) are convexly arranged on the side wall of the first driving block (24) and the side wall of the second driving block (23) at intervals, a reset component which is used for automatically stretching out and resetting when the clamping and tightening block (3) loosens a workpiece is arranged between the first driving block (24) and the second driving block (23), the driving component comprises a matched pipe (8) which is fixed on one end of the disc body (1) and far away from the movable claw (7), the cross sections of the outer annular wall and the inner annular wall of the matched pipe (8) are all non-circular, a screw rod (16) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the matched pipe (8), a motor (16) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the matched pipe (8), the screw rod (8) is connected with the motor (16), the screw rod (16) is connected with the screw rod (8) and the inner wall (17) of the matched pipe (8) is glidingly matched with the screw rod (17), a first pull rope (12) is fixed between the second sliding block (9) and one end of the movable claw, which is far away from the center of the disc body (1), a second pull rope (18) is fixed between one end of the movable claw, which is close to the center of the disc body (1), and the first sliding block (17), a third pull rope (13) is fixed between the first sliding block (17) and the second sliding block (9), a reversing pulley block is arranged between the disc body (1) and the matching pipe (8), and the reversing pulley block comprises a first fixed pulley (10) which is rotationally connected on the outer annular wall of the disc body (1) and can be used for reversing the first pull rope (12), a second fixed pulley (19) which is rotationally connected on the central hole of the disc body (1) and can be used for reversing the second pull rope (18), and a third fixed pulley (11) which is rotationally connected on the outer wall of the lower end of the matching pipe (8) and can be used for reversing the third pull rope (13).
2. The three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: be provided with on centre gripping support tight piece (3) and run through to first elastic strip (4) and second elastic strip (5) and can supply first drive piece (24) and second drive piece (23) clearance to pass logical groove (35), the one end that first drive piece (24) and second drive piece (23) are opposite to each other is provided with terminal surface and first elastic strip (4) and second elastic strip (5) terminal surface flush and multiplicable and work piece area of contact's butt piece (15) respectively during the normality.
3. The three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated fixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the speed change adjusting parts are symmetrically arranged on two groups of two sides of the air pressure adjusting rod (20), the tooth grooves (2001) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the air pressure adjusting rod (20), and the first driving block (24) and the second driving block (23) are positioned between the two second tooth columns (22) and meshed with the two second tooth columns (22) at the same time.
4. A three-jaw chuck as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the reset assembly comprises a first elastic piece (25) sleeved on the first driving block (24) and the second driving block (23), two limiting blocks (34) are respectively arranged on two sides of the second tooth column (22) in the through groove (35) towards two ends of the air pressure adjusting rod (20) in a protruding mode, and two ends of the first elastic piece (25) are respectively matched with the limiting blocks (34) close to the limiting blocks and the abutting blocks (15) connected with the limiting blocks in an elastic abutting mode.
5. The three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated fixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bottom adsorption mechanism capable of adsorbing or desorbing the bottom of the workpiece is arranged on the tray body (1), the pressure switching of the bottom adsorption mechanism is controlled by the movement of the first driving block (24) or the second driving block (23), and when the clamping and tightening block (3) clamps and adsorbs the side wall of the workpiece, the bottom adsorption mechanism synchronously adsorbs the bottom of the workpiece; when the clamping and tightening block (3) is loosened and the side wall of the workpiece is desorbed, the bottom adsorption mechanism synchronously desorbs the bottom of the workpiece.
6. The three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated fixture as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the bottom adsorption mechanism comprises a matching rod (2) fixed on a disc body (1) and penetrating through a through groove (35), a plurality of arc adsorption grooves (201) which are distributed at intervals along the radial direction of the disc body (1) on two sides of the clamping and supporting block (3) on the matching rod (2) along the disc body (1), and a movable groove (38) which is arranged at the lower end of the arc adsorption groove (201) in the matching rod (2), wherein a piston block (26) is arranged in the arc adsorption groove (201) in a sealing manner, a connecting block (27) which is connected with the bottoms of all the piston blocks (26) simultaneously is arranged in the movable groove (38), and a linkage part which is arranged between the bottoms of the connecting block (27) and the bottoms of the abutting block (15) and is used for descending the connecting block (27) when the abutting block (15) is close to the clamping and supporting block (3) is far away from the clamping and supporting block (3) is used for ascending the connecting block (27).
7. The three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated fixture as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the linkage part comprises a matching block (28) fixed at the lower end of a connecting block (27), a matching groove (29) formed in the matching block (28) along the moving direction of the abutting block (15) and an abutting-against rod (30) matched with the matching groove (29) in an inserting mode, one end, close to the abutting block (15), of the bottom of the matching groove (29) is arranged in an upward inclined mode, the lower end of the abutting-against rod (30) is sunken with an abutting-against chute (31) with the bottom of the matching groove (29) in an inclined mode, one end, far away from the abutting-against chute (31), of the abutting-against rod (30) extends vertically upwards to form an inserting rod (32) matched with the bottom of the abutting block (15), an offering groove (33) for the inserting rod (32) to move is formed in the matching rod (2), and a second elastic piece (37) for enabling the piston block (26) to automatically ascend and reset when the abutting-against force is lost by the matching block (28) is arranged below the connecting block (27) and between the bottoms of the movable groove (38).
8. The three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated fixture as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the movable clamping jaw (7) is arranged on the upper end face of the disc body (1) and is embedded with a guide groove (101) along the radial direction of the disc body (1), two ends of the guide groove (101) are provided with fixed blocks (102) which are integrally connected with the disc body (1) and can be used for fixing two ends of the matching rod (2), and the length of the matching rod (2) is larger than the moving stroke of the clamping and tightening block (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311770414.8A CN117444851B (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311770414.8A CN117444851B (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp |
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| CN117444851A CN117444851A (en) | 2024-01-26 |
| CN117444851B true CN117444851B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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| CN202311770414.8A Active CN117444851B (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Three-jaw clamping and sucking integrated clamp |
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