CN117417919A - 一种热敏感尿嘧啶dna糖苷酶及其应用 - Google Patents
一种热敏感尿嘧啶dna糖苷酶及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶及其应用,所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,编码所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的基因序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。本发明所述的热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶在40℃下不可逆热失活,可以克服此前常用热敏感UDG失活温度偏高的缺陷,可用于逆转录反应温度在50℃以下的一步法RT‑qPCR反应。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及一种热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶及其应用。
背景技术
DNA扩增技术(如聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、环介导等温扩增(LAMP)等)在分子诊断、微生物检测、食品检测等领域有广泛的应用。然而,在反复扩增同类样品的检测实验室环境中,往往残留相当量的前期同类扩增DNA产物,很容易混入扩增反应体系中,从而成为扩增反应的模板,产生假阳性结果。这对于检测实验室是一个很大的困扰。尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶(Uracil DNA glycosylase,简称UDG或UNG)结合脱氧尿苷三磷酸(dUTP)是目前最常用的解决方案。
UDG特异性水解双链或单链DNA中脱氧尿苷酸的尿嘧啶和脱氧核糖骨架之间的糖苷键,而对RNA中的尿苷酸和游离的dUTP无作用。DNA上的尿嘧啶被水解释放后,原有位置变为无碱基位点,使得DNA骨架很容易断裂降解。在解决DNA扩增产物残留污染的方案中,使用dUTP全部或部分替换底物脱氧核苷三磷酸(dNTP)中的脱氧胸苷三磷酸(dTTP),扩增产物即含有脱氧尿苷(dU)。向扩增反应体系中加入UDG,在下一轮扩增之前预处理一段时间。如果反应体系中混有残留的上一轮含dU DNA扩增产物,UDG就会将其降解;而正常模板不含dU,不受UDG影响。然后将UDG失活,即可进行后续正常扩增。
使用UDG处理残留DNA产物污染后,必须在正常扩增反应前将其失活,否则UDG也会降解正常扩增产物。目前常用的UDG有两种来源,一种来源于大肠杆菌,在高温下难以完全失活,往往需要额外加入UDG抑制剂,价格昂贵且操作繁琐;另一种来自大西洋鳕鱼,相对热敏感,在50℃下即可失活,在消化完残留DNA产物污染后,可以直接在后续PCR反应的高温下失活,因此得到广泛应用。
但是,对于一步法逆转录-荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)而言,某些常用逆转录酶(如Takara公司的PrimeScriptTMII逆转录酶和NEB公司的II逆转录酶)的最适反应温度为42℃,如果在逆转录反应前使用鳕鱼UDG处理残留DNA污染,则在后续逆转录反应中不能将其完全失活,其残留活性会降解一部分逆转录cDNA产物,导致基因定量发生偏差。因此,需要寻找失活温度更低的热敏感UDG酶。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种失活温度更低的热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶(HL-UDG),可以有效解决目前常用HL-UDG产品失活温度(50℃)偏高的问题,可以用于在逆转录温度低于50℃的一步法RT-qPCR反应中去除残留扩增子污染。
本发明还提供所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的编码基因、重组载体、重组菌、重组表达纯化方法及其应用。
技术方案:为了实现上述目的,本发明所述一种热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶,所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
本发明编码所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的基因序列,所述基因序列如SEQ IDNO.2所示。
其中,所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶由SEQ ID NO.3所示氨基酸序列为模板,以丙氨酸取代第115位的脯氨酸(L115A),以组氨酸取代第117位的谷氨酰胺(Q117H),再将N端截去78个氨基酸。
本发明所述重组载体,其包括所述编码所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的基因序列。
本发明所述一种重组菌,所述重组菌包括所述编码所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的基因序列或所述重组载体。
本发明所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶重组表达纯化方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶(HL-UDG)编码基因克隆到原核生物表达载体上,形成HL-UDG的重组表达质粒;
(2)将构建成功的表达质粒转化到大肠杆菌感受态细胞中发酵,然后加入诱导剂诱导HL-UDG表达;
(3)收集重组表达的菌体,破碎离心后收集上清,进行纯化后得到HL-UDG蛋白。
作为优选,本发明提供所述HL-UDG的重组表达纯化方法:采用酶切-连接或无缝克隆等常规的分子克隆技术,将本发明所述HL-UDG编码基因克隆到原核生物表达载体上,形成本发明所述HL-UDG的重组表达质粒;将构建成功的表达质粒转化到大肠杆菌感受态细胞中发酵一定时间,然后加入诱导剂诱导HL-UDG表达;收集重组表达的菌体,破碎离心后收集上清,然后使用亲和层析、离子交换等技术进行纯化,最终获得纯度达到95%的HL-UDG蛋白。
本发明所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶在一步法RT-qPCR反应中的应用。
本发明所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶在一步法RT-qPCR消除含残留dU DNA污染中的应用。
进一步地,所述应用过程为:向含dU DNA片段的残留扩增子污染中,加入HL-UDG蛋白,孵育,加入脱氧尿苷三磷酸(dUTP),进行RT-qPCR反应即可。
作为优选,本发明所述HL-UDG在一步法RT-qPCR反应中消除残留扩增子污染的应用:在RT-qPCR体系中加入所述HL-UDG,并用dUTP部分或全部替换dNTPs中的dTTP;在RT-qPCR反应之前,25℃孵育5-10min以去除残留扩增子污染,然后按照正常程序进行RT-qPCR反应,其中逆转录温度可以降低至42℃。
进一步地,所述孵育温度为25-35℃,孵育时间为5-10min。
本发明从现有数据库筛选得到一条UDG蛋白序列(SEQ ID NO.3),但是其在40℃仍然难以完全失活,并且该全长蛋白重组表达效率低下,难以获得足够数量的蛋白,本发明对上述基因编码的氨基酸进行定点突变,以丙氨酸取代第115位的脯氨酸(L115A),以组氨酸取代第117位的谷氨酰胺(Q117H),再将N端截去78个氨基酸获得重组酶HL-UDG不仅可以高效表达,同时可以在40℃下完全热失活,不影响后续反应。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
本发明合成的热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶(HL-UDG)不仅可以高效表达,同时在40℃下不可逆热失活,可以克服目前常用热敏感UDG失活温度偏高的缺陷,可以被用于聚合酶链式反应、环介导等温扩增等DNA扩增过程中,去除扩增产物残留污染,尤其是逆转录反应温度在50℃以下的一步法RT-qPCR反应。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述热敏感UDG蛋白纯化结果;
图2为本发明所述热敏感UDG与现有热敏UDG的热稳定性比较;
图3为本发明所述热敏感UDG在一步法RT-qPCR中的应用实例。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规生物学实验方法。所用的实验材料,如无特殊说明,均可以从常规生化试剂厂商购买得到。
实施例1
热敏UDG重组表达纯化
以数据中筛选得到的尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶(UDG)氨基酸编码基因(SEQ ID NO.3)为基础,对其编码的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO.4)进行优化设计,以丙氨酸取代第115位的脯氨酸(L115A),以组氨酸取代第117位的谷氨酰胺(Q117H),再将N端截去78个氨基酸得到SEQ IDNO.1所示的氨基酸(HL-UDG蛋白)。委托基因合成公司通过常规基因合成技术合成编码SEQID NO.1所示氨基酸序列的编码DNA序列(SEQ ID NO.2)即HL-UDG编码基因序列。使用常规无缝克隆技术将SEQ ID NO.2所示HL-UDG编码DNA克隆到pBAD载体(淼灵生物,P0079)上,N端带有多聚组氨酸标签,构建形成pBAD-HL-UDG重组表达质粒。
将测序验证正确的pBAD-HL-UDG质粒转入大肠杆菌DE3感受态细胞中,涂布于含有氨苄青霉素的LB平板培养基上于37℃过夜培养。然后随机挑取25个单菌落,接种到25mL含有氨苄霉素的LB液体培养基中,于37℃、200rpm培养至OD600达到0.4~0.6。按照1:50的比例接种至500ml LB液体培养基中继续培养至OD600达到0.6~0.8,然后添加终浓度0.2%的阿拉伯糖,于16℃,200rpm诱导发酵16h。
取诱导培养后的发酵液,于4℃、12000rpm离心20min收集菌体。然后按照每1g菌体加入10mL破碎液(20mM磷酸钠,100mM氯化钠,5mM咪唑,5%甘油(pH8.0@25℃))用针管抽打均匀,加入蛋白酶抑制剂防止蛋白降解,充分重悬菌体后使用高压细胞破碎仪于4℃、800MPa破碎细胞3min左右,直至破碎液完全澄清,无肉眼可见的菌体。随后4℃、15000rpm离心30min,收集破碎后上清液。
细胞裂解物上清液经过0.22μm滤膜过滤后,上样到镍亲和层析柱。使用漂洗缓冲液(20mM磷酸钠,300mM氯化钠,50mM咪唑,5%甘油(pH8.0@25℃))漂洗结合了目标HL-UDG蛋白的层析柱,然后用洗脱缓冲液(20mM磷酸钠,100mM氯化钠,400mM咪唑,5%甘油(pH8.0@25℃))洗脱目的蛋白。将含有目的蛋白的镍亲和层析柱洗脱液使用SP低盐缓冲液(20mM磷酸钠,0.1mM EDTA,1mM DTT,5%甘油(pH8.0@25℃))稀释后,上样到SP阴离子交换层析柱。使用5%高盐缓冲液(20mM磷酸钠,1M氯化钠,0.1mM EDTA,1mM DTT,5%甘油(pH8.0@25℃))进行洗脱并收集出峰洗脱液,获得HL-UDG蛋白,即本发明的热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶。
使用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳对纯化后的HL-UDG蛋白进行确认,如图1所示,结果表明目的条带(26kDa)符合预计分子量大小,蛋白纯度达到90%以上。500ml摇瓶发酵液即可获得8.24mg蛋白,蛋白可以高效表达。纯化过程简单易操作,产量纯度均能达到商业化生产要求。
实施例2
重组热敏UDG热稳定性验证
使用dUTP(百时美生物,EG20905)取代PCR体系中的dTTP(EG20902),通过普通PCR扩增获得含dU的DNA作为UDG底物。将实施例1重组表达获得的HL-UDG蛋白和鳕鱼UDG(rcUDG)对照品(百时美生物,EG22906)分别在25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃和50℃下孵育2、5、10min后,各取1U酶(1U定义为25℃下30min内降解1μg含有尿嘧啶的dsDNA所需要的酶量)在25℃下与200ng含dU DNA孵育15min,然后加入1×双链特异性的PicoGreen荧光染料(富百科,015-2000T),根据荧光值的降低程度,计算相对酶活,相对酶活测定方法参照中国专利CN104293927A。
结果表明,如图2所示,本发明HL-UDG在40℃下孵育2min活性即下降到初始活性的20%以下,孵育5min后几乎完全失活。而rcUDG在40℃下孵育5min后活性仍为初始的40%左右,40℃孵育10min后仍保有30%左右的活性。可见本发明所述HL-UDG可以在40℃下完全热失活,而现有rcUDG无法在40℃时失活。同时以原始模版UDG蛋白(SEQ ID NO.4,纯化步骤同实施例1)按上述相同条件进行测试,在40℃下孵育10min后活性仍为初始的20%左右;同时UDG蛋白表达效率较低,需要大量多次纯化才能得到反应所需的蛋白,不适合工业生产应用。
实施例3
应用热敏UDG在一步法RT-qPCR中消除含dU DNA污染
首先验证本发明实施例1纯化制备的HL-UDG消除含dU DNA污染的效果。将含dU的DNA片段加入到无核酸酶水中,使终浓度分别为10pg、100pg、1ng,模拟被残留扩增子污染的样本,加入1U实施例1制备的HL-UDG纯化蛋白,25℃孵育5min后,然后使用One Step TBPrimeScriptTMRT-PCR Kit(Takara Bio),补加0.2mM dUTP,按照说明书推荐程序进行一步法RT-qPCR反应(其中逆转录温度为42℃);同时设置不加HL-UDG的对照。结果表明,如图3a所示,加入HL-UDG可以有效降解所加入的含dU DNA污染,未表现出有效扩增;而不加入HL-UDG的对照则会以含dU DNA为模板发生扩增。
然后对比本发明所述HL-UDG和rcUDG对真实RNA样本进行一步法RT-qPCR扩增的影响。使用番茄总RNA(终浓度分别为0.1ng、1ng、10ng)为模板,分别加入1U实施例1制备的HL-UDG和rcUDG(百时美生物,EG22906),25℃孵育5min后,然后使用One Step TBPrimeScriptTMRT-PCR Kit(Takara Bio),补加0.2mM dUTP,按照说明书推荐程序进行一步法RT-qPCR反应,其中逆转录反应条件为42℃孵育10min;同时设置不加HL-UDG的对照。结果表明,如图3b所示,在逆转录反应之前加入本发明所述HL-UDG,与不加酶的对照相比Ct值无显著差异,表明本发明所述HL-UDG在逆转录反应时已完全失活,不影响后续反应。而如果在逆转录反应前加入rcUDG,则qPCR扩增曲线Ct值明显比不加HL-UDG的对照滞后,表明rcUDG在42℃逆转录时未完全失活,降解了一部分正常逆转录产物(图3c)。可见本发明所述HL-UDG在42℃逆转录时可以完全失活,不影响后续反应;而常用rcUDG在42℃时不能完全失活,会降解一部分逆转录产物,导致定量不准确。所以,本发明的HL-UDG蛋白可以有效用于聚合酶链式反应、环介导等温扩增等DNA扩增过程中,去除扩增产物残留污染,尤其是逆转录反应温度在50℃以下的一步法RT-qPCR反应。
Claims (10)
1.一种热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶,其特征在于,所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
2.一种编码权利要求1所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶的基因序列,其特征在于,所述基因序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
3.根据权利要求1所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶,其特征在于,所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶由SEQ ID NO.3所示氨基酸序列为模板,以丙氨酸取代第115位的脯氨酸(L115A),以组氨酸取代第117位的谷氨酰胺(Q117H),再将N端截去78个氨基酸。
4.一种重组载体,其特征在于,所述重组载体包括权利要求2所述的基因序列。
5.一种重组菌,其特征在于,所述重组菌包括权利要求2所述的基因序列或权利要求4所述重组载体。
6.一种权利要求1所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶重组表达纯化方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将权利要求1所述的热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶编码基因克隆到原核生物表达载体上,形成重组表达质粒;
(2)将构建成功的表达质粒转化到大肠杆菌感受态细胞中发酵,然后加入诱导剂诱导;
(3)收集重组表达的菌体,破碎离心后收集上清,进行纯化后得到热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶蛋白。
7.一种权利要求1所述热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶在一步法RT-qPCR反应中消除含残留dUDNA污染的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述应用过程为:向含残留dU DNA扩增子污染的反应体系中,加入热敏感尿嘧啶DNA糖苷酶和脱氧尿苷三磷酸(dUTP),低温孵育后,正常进行RT-qPCR反应即可。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述孵育温度为25-35℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述孵育时间为5-10min。
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